CN111755642B - Phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high-altitude area - Google Patents

Phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high-altitude area Download PDF

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CN111755642B
CN111755642B CN202010574467.2A CN202010574467A CN111755642B CN 111755642 B CN111755642 B CN 111755642B CN 202010574467 A CN202010574467 A CN 202010574467A CN 111755642 B CN111755642 B CN 111755642B
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air
oxygen
sealed cabin
valve
pressure
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CN111755642A (en
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王哲
赵勇
陈卓
国建鸿
杨子龙
王一波
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6562—Gases with free flow by convection only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/80—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

A phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high altitude areas comprises a sealed cabin, an oxygen enrichment preparation unit, a bidirectional airflow control unit, a heat exchange unit, an airflow control unit, a temperature sensor and a controller. The sealed cabin is a heat-insulating, waterproof, airtight and pressure-bearing cabin body. The bidirectional airflow control unit is arranged at a corner of the bottom in the sealed cabin; the control airflow units are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in the sealed cabin; the heat exchange unit is arranged outside the sealed cabin, and gas in the sealed cabin exchanges heat with a water body or a phase change material through the heat exchanger; the oxygen-enriched preparation unit except the oxygen-enriched air bag is arranged on one side, close to the edge, of the top in the sealed cabin; the temperature sensors are distributed on the electrical equipment in the sealed cabin; the controller is embedded in the cabin door of the sealed cabin, and receives sensor data and equipment control. Through technologies such as compressed air, phase-change material heat exchange, membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, directional temperature control, dustproof, fire prevention, improvement heat exchange efficiency, electrical equipment does not have derating work.

Description

Phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high-altitude area
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sealed cabin.
Background
It is known that in high altitude areas, air is thin, the air density is smaller, the atmospheric pressure is reduced, the air viscosity coefficient is increased, the number of air molecules is reduced, the molecular touch is reduced, and the convective heat transfer capacity of air is reduced.
The altitude is 1000 m higher per liter, the air temperature is reduced by about 6.5 ℃, and the atmospheric pressure is reduced by about 11 KPa. At the height of 5000m, the oxygen content and the atmospheric pressure of the atmosphere are both about 60 percent of those of plain areas, the heat release coefficient is reduced by 21 percent compared with the value on the sea level, the heat transferred by convective heat transfer is also reduced by 21 percent, and the temperature rise of products is increased.
According to the Barson's law, the dielectric strength of the medium changes into a concave curve along with the air pressure, namely, under the atmospheric environment, the higher the altitude or the lower the air pressure, the lower the dielectric strength, and the flashover distance of the direct current and the alternating current electric arcs increases along with the increase of the altitude or the reduction of the air pressure.
In the national standard GB11022, the technical requirements on the functions of the high-voltage switch equipment and control equipment standard, normal and special use conditions are defined, wherein the special use conditions are defined as the conditions exceeding the altitude of over 1000 meters. The national standard GBT3859.1-2013, 5.3.1.4, states that "if operating at a site with an altitude over 1000 meters, the capacity of the equipment should be derated", the derated use of the equipment causes an increase in the manufacturing and application costs, expenses.
High altitude areas typically employ containers or house electrical equipment indoors. The container has small space and high installation density of the electrical equipment, so that the heat exchange becomes one of key points for ensuring the reliable work of the electrical equipment, along with the increase of the altitude, the air density is further reduced, the air compression and heat exchange efficiency are greatly reduced, and the quick and effective heat exchange is particularly important. And because the day and night temperature difference in high-altitude areas is large, the air in the container expands in the daytime to exhaust the air, and contracts at night to absorb dust and moist air, so that the insulation degree of the electrical equipment is reduced, which is a great potential safety hazard, and dust prevention also becomes one of the key points for ensuring the reliable operation of the electrical equipment.
At present, air conditioners or fans are mostly adopted to exhaust air in a scattered mode to form air convection, and due to the fact that air flow is blocked due to the arrangement mode of electrical equipment, temperature of all electrical equipment needing heat exchange cannot be controlled uniformly and effectively. Along with the increase of the placing density of the electrical equipment, the effective heat exchange possibility is greatly reduced. Especially, the air conditioner temperature control is to control the temperature of all electrical equipment parts in the box, and the electrical equipment parts which do not need temperature control consume energy, so that the waste of temperature control power consumption is caused. Meanwhile, long-time mechanical rotation of an air conditioner motor causes a reduction in service life, dust pollution causes a reduction in insulation degree, and fire may accompany.
In recent years, new energy technology is rising to promote the rapid development of energy storage technology, and a large-sized battery energy storage cabinet is one of typical applications. However, the fire and explosion of the energy storage battery cabinet mostly occur at the alarm end, and besides the reasons of the battery, the energy storage battery cabinet also has the reasons of poor temperature control effect, reduced insulation strength due to dust accumulation, satisfaction of the environment of combustion air and the like. And several at present counter measures, like container formula energy storage automatic fire extinguishing system, adopt detection device such as sensor to detect temperature, smoke and just take fire control measure control condition after accidents such as burning take place, mostly be the passive form fire control system measure after accident, have caused certain loss of property this moment. Therefore, an active fire protection system is needed to solve the safety protection problem of the energy storage system and reduce or avoid the occurrence of fire accidents.
The electric equipment sealed cabin system suitable for the high-altitude area is provided for reducing the use cost of electric equipment in the high-altitude area, preventing dust and fire, improving the installation density of the electric equipment and providing necessary oxygen-enriched air for workers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a phase change heat exchange electric equipment sealed cabin system for a high-altitude area in order to reduce the use cost of electric equipment in the high-altitude area, prevent dust and fire, improve the installation density of the electric equipment and provide necessary oxygen-enriched air for workers.
In order to quickly improve the air density of a sealed cabin, reduce the oxygen content and accurately and efficiently exchange heat for electrical equipment, the invention adopts an air compression technology, a directional temperature control technology, a sensible heat or latent heat exchange technology and a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation technology:
according to the invention, air is pressed into the sealed cabin based on the air compressor, so that a positive pressure air environment is formed in the sealed cabin, the air pressure is controlled between 80KPa and 100KPa, and the air density in the sealed cabin is improved.
The invention is based on the Barson's law: gas insulation breakdown voltage UfPressure P with gasaAnd product of electrode gap d: u shapef＝f(PαD), U for the case where the air temperature is not constantfF (α × d), α is the relative density of the gas. By increasing a certain air density, the gas insulation breakdown voltage U is improvedf。
Based on the principle that air flows from high pressure to low pressure, the invention quickly disturbs local air flow at a certain position in the sealed cabin by changing the pressure difference between the upper air pressure and the lower air pressure at the position, changes the traditional method for overall heat exchange in the sealed cabin, realizes local directional heat exchange and reduces the heat exchange cost. The directional heat exchange is to restrict the airflow to only flow on the heat-exchanged electrical equipment by controlling the path and the direction of the airflow so as to perform directional heat exchange on the electrical equipment.
Based on sensible heat or latent heat exchange technology, the invention utilizes the characteristics of large specific heat capacity of water body of 4.2 multiplied by 103J/(kg ℃) and variable heat storage of phase change material, adopts the heat exchanger to exchange heat for gas in the sealed cabin through the phase change material, and ensures that the electrical equipment of the sealed cabin works in an ideal state.
The invention adopts the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation technology to separate nitrogen and oxygen based on the relation between the pressure of compressed air in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the ambient pressure and the pressure of compressed air in the sealed cabin and the relation between the pressure difference between the oxygen-enriched air bag inside and outside the sealed cabin. The molecular size of the oxygen is 2.8 multiplied by 3.9, compared with the molecular size of the nitrogen which is 3.0 multiplied by 4.1, the diffusion rate of the oxygen in a polymer membrane is larger than that of the nitrogen, when the air compressed in the sealed cabin passes through the polymer membrane arranged between the sealed cabin and the oxygen-enriched air bag, most of the nitrogen is isolated in the sealed cabin, and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle. The proportion of 78 percent of nitrogen and 21 percent of oxygen in the sealed cabin is controlled in the range of >86 percent of nitrogen and <14 percent of oxygen, and the content of oxygen in the air in the sealed cabin is reduced, so that the sealed cabin has no combustion condition and fire disasters are avoided. Meanwhile, the oxygen-enriched air obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag can supply oxygen for the personnel.
The invention can ensure that the electrical equipment applied at low altitude can work normally in the sealed cabin at high altitude, and meanwhile, the invention can prevent fire, dust and water.
The invention relates to a phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for a high altitude area, which consists of a sealed cabin, an oxygen enrichment preparation unit, a bidirectional airflow control unit, a heat exchange unit, an airflow control unit, a sensor group and a controller.
The sealed cabin is heat-insulating, waterproof, airtight and pressure-bearing, and can be horizontally installed according to the geographical environment.
The bidirectional airflow control unit is arranged at a corner of the bottom in the sealed cabin and is respectively connected with the upper air inlet and the lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit and the airflow control unit.
The control airflow unit is divided into an upper control airflow group and a lower control airflow group which are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in the sealed cabin.
The heat exchange unit is arranged outside the sealed cabin and close to the sealed cabin, such as below the outside of the sealed cabin. And the gas in the sealed cabin enters the heat exchanger soaked in the phase-change material through the upper gas inlet and the lower gas inlet of the heat exchange unit for circulating heat exchange, so that the temperature of the electrical equipment in the sealed cabin is regulated.
Except that the oxygen-enriched air bag is arranged at the top outside the sealed cabin, other components are arranged at one side of the top in the sealed cabin, which is close to the edge of the top, and the oxygen-enriched air bag is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin and is arranged in a high-altitude environment.
The sensor group is respectively arranged on the top in the sealed cabin and the electrical equipment, is connected with the controller through a communication line and outputs sensor data.
The controller is embedded in a cabin door of the sealed cabin and is respectively connected with the sensor, the bidirectional airflow control unit, the oxygen enrichment preparation unit and equipment for controlling the airflow unit through a data input interface and a data output interface through a communication line and a control line.
The bidirectional airflow control unit consists of a five-way through valve, a bidirectional speed-regulating fan, an air filter, an air flow sensor and an air dehumidifier.
The No. 1 channel in the five-through valve is connected with an outlet of an air filter, an inlet of the air filter is arranged outside the sealed cabin, and gas entering the sealed cabin is filtered; a 2 nd channel in the five-through valve is connected with an upper air inlet and an upper air outlet of the heat exchange unit, and a lower air inlet and an lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit are connected with a 3 rd channel in the five-through valve; the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with one end of a bidirectional speed regulating fan through a gas transmission pipeline; a 5 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with a 2 nd channel in the three-way valve of the airflow control unit through an air transmission pipeline; the five-through valve is also provided with a through valve, when heat exchange is needed through the heat exchanger, the through valve is closed, a pressure difference is formed between an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet of the heat exchange unit, and air flow exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit; when heat exchange is not needed through the heat exchanger, the through valve is opened, so that an upper air inlet and a lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit in the five-way through valve are communicated, equal air pressure is formed, and air flow stops flowing and does not exchange heat with the heat exchange unit.
The upper end of the bidirectional speed regulating fan is connected with the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve through a gas transmission pipeline, and a gas flow sensor is installed on the gas transmission pipeline; the lower extreme of two-way speed governing fan is connected with one end of air dehumidifier, and the other end of air dehumidifier is connected with one end of lower accuse air current group. Wherein, the data output end of the gas flow sensor is connected with the controller through a data line. The controller monitors the airflow direction and flow of the bidirectional speed regulation fan through the gas flow sensor, and controls the exhaust direction and flow of the bidirectional speed regulation fan according to the simulation function of the system.
The heat exchange unit consists of a heat exchanger and a heat exchange phase-change material. The heat exchange phase-change material is placed in the heat insulation tank body. The heat exchanger is soaked in the heat exchange phase change material. The heat exchanger is provided with an upper air inlet and an lower air inlet, the upper air inlet is connected with the 2 nd channel in the five-through valve, and the lower air inlet is connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-through valve; the temperature of the gas in the sealed cabin is adjusted through the heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the heat exchange phase-change material.
When hot air flows for heat exchange, hot air flows through the lower air inlet and the lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit to enter, heat is exchanged between the heat exchanger and the heat exchange phase change material, exchanged cold air flows are discharged from the upper air outlet and the lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit, and air convection from top to bottom is formed in the sealed cabin.
When cold air flow exchanges heat, cold air flows through the upper air inlet and the upper air outlet of the heat exchange unit to enter, heat is exchanged between the heat exchanger and the heat exchange phase-change material, exchanged hot air flow is discharged from the lower air inlet and the lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit, air convection from bottom to top is formed in the sealed cabin, and heat exchange between the sealed cabin and the heat exchange unit is achieved.
The oxygen-enriched preparation unit consists of an oxygen-enriched air bag, a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, an oxygen-enriched air bottle, an oxygen-enriched air output pipeline and a decompression exhaust valve. The oxygen-enriched air bag has a heat preservation function, is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin and is arranged in a high-altitude environment. The oxygen-enriched air bottle is arranged at one side close to the top in the sealed cabin, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged at two ends of the oxygen-enriched air bottle, and an air check valve is arranged in the air inlet. The membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is installed between the top of the sealed cabin and the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag, the upper part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is arranged in the oxygen-enriched air bag, the lower part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is connected with a three-way valve in the control airflow unit, and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device reduces the oxygen content of air in the sealed cabin by utilizing the difference between the compressed air pressure in the sealed cabin and the ambient pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag. The separated oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag and an oxygen-enriched air bottle.
The pressure reducing exhaust valve is arranged at the upper part of the oxygen-enriched air bag and is exposed in the atmospheric environment, the bottom of the pressure reducing exhaust valve is communicated with the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag, and the control end of the pressure reducing exhaust valve is connected with the controller and is controlled by the controller and the gas pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag to be opened or closed. The oxygen-enriched air output pipeline is laid along one side of the top in the sealed cabin, one end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline is connected with an air outlet at the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag, the other end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline is connected into an air inlet of an oxygen-enriched air bottle on the same side of the top in the sealed cabin, and an air outlet of the oxygen-enriched air bottle is connected with oxygen-enriched exhaust valves respectively installed inside and outside a cabin door of the sealed cabin through the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline. When the staff needs the oxygen-enriched air, the breathing mask connector is connected with the oxygen-enriched exhaust valve. Because the air inlet of the oxygen-enriched air bottle is internally provided with the air check valve, the air pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle is increased along with the increase of the air pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag, but is not decreased along with the decrease of the air pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag.
The air flow control unit consists of an upper air flow control group, a lower air flow control group, a plurality of air inlet and outlet valves and a three-way valve. Wherein, the three-way valve contains a switching valve K3_1. The 1 st channel of the three-way valve is connected with a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit; the 2 nd channel of the three-way valve is connected with one end of the gas transmission pipeline; the other end of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with the 5 th channel in the five-way through valve, and the gas transmission pipeline is positioned between the five-way through valve and the three-way valve; and the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve is connected with the upper control airflow group.
The upper control airflow group is of a tree-shaped structure, the main pipeline is connected with the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve, and the tail end of each tree-shaped branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KuxyAir inlet and outlet valve K at tail end of multiple tree branch pipelinesuxyAre all hung at the top in the sealed cabin.
The lower control airflow group is of a tree-shaped structure, the main pipeline is connected with one end of the dehumidifier, the other end of the dehumidifier is connected with one end of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, and the tail end of each tree-shaped branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KlxyAir inlet and outlet valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelineslxyAre all paved and installed at the bottom in the sealed cabin.
All air inlet and outlet valves in the airflow control unit are connected with a controller, and the controller controls the opening or closing of the corresponding air outlet valves according to the optimal temperature control range of each piece of electrical equipment in the sealed cabin.
The upper control airflow group is connected with the lower control airflow group through an air pipeline, a five-way through valve, a heat exchange unit, a two-way speed regulation fan and a dehumidifier between the five-way through valve and the three-way valve by switching of the three-way valve. Under the action of the bidirectional speed regulation fan, the gas in the sealed cabin is controlled to pass through the lower control airflow group, the sealed cabin, the upper control airflow group, the three-way valve, the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit and the bidirectional speed regulation fan to the dehumidifier, so that the internal circulation of the airflow is realized.
When the upper control airflow group is connected with the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit through the switching of the three-way valve, under the exhaust action of the bidirectional speed regulation fan, air outside the sealed cabin passes through an air filter, a five-way through valve, the bidirectional speed regulation fan, a dehumidifier and the lower control airflow group in the bidirectional airflow control unit to exchange heat in the sealed cabin, then passes through the upper control airflow group, the three-way valve, the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit, the oxygen enrichment air bag and the oxygen enrichment air bottle, and is exhausted through the pressure reduction exhaust valve, so that the external circulation of the airflow is realized.
Therefore, two working modes of air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation are arranged in the sealed cabin, and the two working modes are realized by switching of the three-way valve.
When the air flow internal circulation working mode is executed, the controller respectively controls the three-way valves K3The switching of the upper control airflow group is carried out by disconnecting the airflow passage of the upper control airflow group and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, closing the input passage of an air filter of the bidirectional airflow control unit, connecting the airflow passage of the upper control airflow group through the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit, the bidirectional speed regulating fan, the dehumidifier and the lower control airflow group, and connecting one or more exhaust valves K in the upper control airflow groupuxyAnd one or more exhaust valves K in the lower control airflow grouplxyWhen the temperature control device is opened, the gas flow accelerates the gas disturbance of the corresponding area under the action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, and the temperature of the electrical equipment in the area is regulated.
The air convection path at this time is: the three-way valve → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the two-way speed regulating fan exhausts → the dehumidifier → the lower air flow control group → the sealed cabin → the upper air flow control group → the three-way valve.
When the air flow external circulation working mode is executed, the controller respectively controls the three-way valves K3Switching, namely switching on an airflow passage of the upper control airflow group and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, switching off the airflow passages of the upper control airflow group and the five-through valve, and simultaneously opening an air filter to establish the five-through valve and an air input passage outside the sealed cabin. At the moment, the air outside the sealed cabin is filtered by an air filter, the five-way through valve, the two-way speed regulation fan exhaust, the dehumidifier and the lower control airflow set are pressed into the sealed cabin, and then the oxygen-enriched air is discharged from the upper control airflow set and the three-way valve to the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device.
When all air inlet and exhaust valves K of the upper control airflow groupuxyAnd all air inlet and exhaust valves K of the lower control airflow grouplxyWhen the air pressure-regulating valve is opened, under the action of two-way speed-regulating fan exhaust, the air outside the sealed cabin is quickly pressed into the sealed cabin, and under the control of controller, the pressure in the sealed cabin is respectively maintained at alpha PNO～100KPaWithin the range, alpha is the air density ratio coefficient, PNOAtmospheric pressure of the environment in which the sealed cabin is located, nitrogen content N2More than or equal to 86 percent, and simultaneously oxygen-enriched air is obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle.
The air convection passage is as follows: air outside the sealed cabin → an air filter → a five-way through valve → a bidirectional speed-regulating fan exhausting downwards → an air dehumidifier → a lower air flow control group → the sealed cabin → an upper air flow control group → a three-way valve → a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device → an oxygen-enriched air bag and an oxygen-enriched air bottle → a pressure-reducing exhaust valve.
Therefore, the gas density is improved, the oxygen concentration in the sealed cabin is reduced, and simultaneously oxygen-enriched air is obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle.
The sensor group comprises a temperature sensor, a gas pressure difference sensor and a nitrogen sensor. The temperature sensors are arranged on key heat exchange monitoring points of each electrical device according to the attributes and the placement positions of the electrical devices in the sealed cabin, and the data output end of each temperature sensor is connected with the controller through a data line. The air pressure difference sensor and the nitrogen sensor are arranged at the center of the top of the sealed cabin, the data output end of the air pressure difference sensor and the data output end of the nitrogen sensor are connected with the controller through communication lines, and the change of the air pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealed cabin and the content of humidity and nitrogen are monitored. Wherein the nitrogen gas sensor comprises a humidity sensor. The controller is composed of a CPU. The input interface of the controller is connected with all the sensor output ports through data lines, and the output interface of the controller is connected with all the valves, the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, the five-way through valve, the three-way valve, the air filter and the air dehumidifier through control lines.
The control process of the controller on the electrical equipment sealed cabin system is as follows:
1) establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
According to the placing position of the electrical equipment, the position coordinates of the heat exchange monitoring point and the pressure difference P between the inside of the sealed cabin and the oxygen-enriched air bagdffEstablishing a correlation function between temperature measurement points and temperature control according to the flow rate FR and the humidity H percent of the air flow: f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)。
2) Control process in air flow external circulation working mode
Firstly, when the cabin door of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller detects PNO＝PNiAnd when the air bag is used, the pressure-reducing exhaust valve is controlled to exhaust the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag.
② when the sealing cabin door is in a closed state
When the controller monitors that the cabin door of the sealed cabin is closed, the filter is opened, and an airflow external circulation working mode is executed; due to POi<PNiThe air in the sealed cabin realizes the nitrogen-oxygen separation through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, nitrogen is reserved in the sealed cabin, and oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag.
Thirdly, the working mode of the air flow external circulation and the air flow internal circulation is switched
When the controller monitors N in the sealed cabin2>86% and alpha PNO≤PNi≤100KPaPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagβ>POi≤PNiAnd at the moment, the controller executes an airflow internal circulation working mode to exchange heat for the electrical equipment.
3) Controlling process in air flow internal circulation working mode
Directional heat exchange for electric equipment
The heat absorption mode and the heat release mode of the electrical equipment in the air flow internal circulation working mode are as follows:
Figure GDA0003594037450000071
heat absorption mode
The controller monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≥δuWsuAccording to the temperature measuring point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the air intake and exhaust valve corresponding to the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located, and controlling the airflow to be at the temperature W under the action of pressure after the gas is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzThe electric equipment where the temperature measuring point is positioned generates directional convective air from top to bottom to realize temperature WxyzThe positioning of the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located absorbs heat.
Figure GDA0003594037450000072
Exothermic mode
The controller monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≤δlWslAccording to the temperature measuring point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the air intake and exhaust valve corresponding to the electric equipment where the temperature measuring point is located, and controlling the air to flow at W under the action of pressure after the air is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzConvection air oriented from bottom to top is generated on the electrical equipment of the temperature measuring point to realize the temperature WxyzAnd (4) directionally releasing heat of the temperature measuring point.
Second, the working modes of the air flow internal circulation and the air flow external circulation are switched
When the pressure in the sealed cabin is alpha PNO≤PNi≤100KPa、POi<PNiAnd when the air flow internal circulation working mode is switched to the air flow external circulation working mode.
When the pressure P in the sealed cabinNi<αPNOWhile the pressure reducing exhaust valve exhausts to make PNi>λPOiAnd the efficient execution of the air flow outer circulation working mode is ensured.
The directional heat exchange is to control the path and direction of the airflow to restrict the airflow to flow only on the heat-exchanged electrical equipment, so as to perform directional heat exchange on the electrical equipment.
Wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; deltauIs the upper limit coefficient of heat transfer, 0<δu≤1；δlIs a heat exchange lower limit coefficient of 0<δl≤1；WxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the upper control airflow group, the lower control airflow group and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) are more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyAn air inlet and exhaust valve which is an upper control airflow group; klxyAn air inlet and exhaust valve which is a lower control airflow group; alpha is the air density ratio coefficient; p isdffThe pressure difference between the inside of the sealed cabin and the oxygen-enriched air bag; w is a group ofSlThe lower limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment; w is a group ofSUIs the upper limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment; p isNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin; p isNmaxThe upper limit value of the pressure in the sealed cabin; p isβA pressure limiting threshold for a pressure reducing vent valve; pOiThe pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag; pOXThe pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle; p isNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the capsule is located.
The control process of the sealed cabin system of the invention by the controller is as follows:
1. establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
And installing a temperature sensor according to the placing position of the electrical equipment in the sealed cabin and the position coordinates of the heat exchange monitoring point of the electrical equipment. Air inlet and exhaust valve K for establishing each temperature measuring point and upper control airflow setuxyAnd an air inlet and exhaust valve K of a lower control airflow grouplxyBy correlating against the pressure P in the capsuleNiWith the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiDifference P ofdff＝PNi-POiAnd simulating gas heat exchange of the heat exchange monitoring points of the electrical equipment by using the flow velocity FR and the humidity H% of the air flow to obtain a correlation function f (W) of the temperature measurement point and the temperature controlxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)。
The controller monitors all sensor data in real time and according to the nitrogen content N in the sealed cabin2Percentage, pressure sensor PNiGas flow rate sensor FR and temperature W of temperature measuring point of each temperature sensorxyzAnd the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched gas bagOiAnd making a corresponding control strategy.
Wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the flow rate of the control air flow unit; wxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of an upper control airflow group, a lower control airflow group and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyAn air inlet and exhaust valve which is an upper control airflow group; k islxyAn air inlet and exhaust valve for the lower control airflow group; p isdffIs the pressure difference between the inside of the sealed cabin and the oxygen-enriched air bag.
2. Control process in air flow external circulation working mode
The controller controls a switching valve in the three-way valve, an airflow passage of the upper control airflow set and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is connected, the airflow passage of the upper control airflow set passing through the three-way valve, the bidirectional speed regulating fan, the air dehumidifier and the lower control airflow set is disconnected, at the moment, because the through valve is in an open state, the upper air inlet and outlet and the lower air inlet and outlet of the heat exchange unit are communicated, so that the gas pressure between the upper air inlet and outlet and the lower air inlet and outlet is equal, and the gas cannot enter the heat exchanger of the heat exchange unit. The controller monitors and analyzes the gas pressure P in the sealed cabin in real time through the nitrogen sensor, the air pressure difference sensor and the temperature sensorNiGas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin2％。
The airflow circulation path under the airflow external circulation working mode is as follows: air outside the sealed cabin → an air filter → a five-way through valve → a two-way speed-regulating fan speed-regulating exhaust → an air dehumidifier → a lower air flow control group → inside the sealed cabin → an upper air flow control group → a three-way valve → a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device → an oxygen-enriched air bag and an oxygen-enriched air bottle → a pressure-reducing exhaust valve, and the arrow indicates the flow direction of the air flow.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) when the door of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller detects that the internal pressure and the external pressure of the sealed cabin are equal through the air pressure difference sensor, namely PNO＝PNiAnd at the moment, the controller controls the decompression exhaust valve to be opened to evacuate the gas in the oxygen-enriched air bag of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit. At the moment, due to the action of the gas check valve of the oxygen-enriched air bottle, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottleOXMaintaining the maximum pressure P of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air bagOi_maxPressure equalisation at the moment, i.e. POX＝POi_maxAnd oxygen is supplied to workers.
2) When the door of the sealed cabin is in a closed state
When the controller monitors that the cabin door of the sealed cabin is closed, the controller controls the bidirectional speed-regulating fan to exhaust, air outside the sealed cabin is filtered by the air filter and dehumidified by the air dehumidifier, and air is pressed into the sealed cabin, so that the air density in the sealed cabin is improved, and the oxygen content in the sealed cabin is reduced. Due to the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag of the oxygen-enriched preparation unitOiIs the atmospheric pressure P of the environmentNOI.e. POi＝PNOThe pressure P of the gas introduced into the sealed cabinNiGreater than the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bagOiI.e. POi<PNiThe air introduced into the sealed cabin passes through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to keep nitrogen in the sealed cabin in an isolated manner, and the oxygen enrichment air is compressed into the oxygen enrichment air bag.
3) Air flow external circulation and air flow internal circulation working mode conversion
When the controller monitors the pressure alpha P in the sealed cabinNO≤PNi≤100KPaAnd nitrogen content N2When the oxygen content in the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle is more than or equal to 86 percent, the oxygen content in the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle is increased to O2Not less than 29 percent, the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiRespectively less than or equal to the gas pressure P in the sealed cabinNiAnd pressure limiting threshold value P of pressure reducing exhaust valveβI.e. Pβ>POi≤PNi. At the moment, the air flow external circulation working mode is controlled to be switched to the air flow internal circulation working mode, the through valve in the five-through valve is closed, and the gas in the sealed cabin exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit.
Gas pressure P of oxygen-enriched air bagOiIs greater than the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottleOXWhen is at POi>POXThe oxygen-enriched air is automatically compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bottle to keep the gas pressure alpha P of the oxygen-enriched air bottleNO≤POX≤100KPa。
Wherein N is2Is nitrogen; o is2Is oxygen; p isOiThe internal pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag; p isNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin; alpha is the air density ratio coefficient; pβIs a pressure limiting threshold of the pressure reducing exhaust valve; wavgThe average temperature detected by the temperature sensor at the temperature measuring point; p isOXThe pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle; pNOThe atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin is located; wSUThe upper limit temperature of the electrical equipment; pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag gas.
Therefore, the gas density in the sealed cabin is improved, the oxygen content in the sealed cabin is reduced, and simultaneously oxygen-enriched air is obtained in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle.
3. Control process in air flow internal circulation working mode
The controller controls the three-way valve to switch, an airflow passage of the upper control airflow group and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is disconnected, the airflow passage of the upper control airflow group, which passes through the three-way valve, the five-way through valve, the bidirectional speed regulating fan, the air dehumidifier and the lower control airflow group, is connected, and the through valve in the filter air inlet channel and the five-way through valve is closed, so that the gas in the sealed cabin exchanges heat through the heat exchanger in the heat exchange unit. The controller monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin in real time through the nitrogen sensor, the air pressure difference sensor and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin2％。
Under the air current inner loop mode of operation, there are two kinds of modes of heat absorption and heat release to electrical equipment:
1) when the heat absorption working mode of the electrical equipment is executed, the controller monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzThe upper limit value W is larger than or equal to the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSUCoefficient delta to heat exchange upper limituProduct of (i), i.e. Wxyz≥δuWsuThe controller is based on the upper limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSUTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), the controller controls the bidirectional speed-regulating fan to regulate speed and exhaust upwards, opens one or more air inlet and outlet valves corresponding to the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located in the upper control airflow group, exhausts the gas, opens one or more air inlet and outlet valves corresponding to the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located in the lower control airflow group, sucks the gas, and exchanges heat with the gas through the air dehumidifier and the heat exchange unit. At this time, at a temperature WxyzDirectional heat exchange convection air from top to bottom is generated around the electrical equipment at the temperature measuring point, so that the disturbance heat dissipation of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment is reduced.
The airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan exhausts air upwards → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the three-way valve → the upper air flow control group → the sealed cabin absorbs heat → the lower air flow control group → the air dehumidifier → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, and an arrow indicates the air flow direction.
2) When the heat release working mode of the electrical equipment is executed, the controller monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzLess than or equal to the lower limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSlCoefficient of heat transfer to lower limit deltalProduct of (i.e. W)xyz≤δlWslThe controller is based on the lower limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSlTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) and air heat convection principle, and can exchange heat by controlling the bidirectional speed-regulating fan to regulate speed and exhaust air downwardsDehumidifying the heat exchange gas in the unit by an air dehumidifier, opening one or more air inlet and outlet valves corresponding to the electrical equipment with the temperature measuring point in the lower control airflow set, discharging the gas, opening one or more air inlet and outlet valves corresponding to the electrical equipment with the temperature measuring point in the upper control airflow set, sucking the gas, and at the moment, at the temperature WxyzThe directional heat exchange convection air from bottom to top is generated around the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located, so that the disturbance heat release of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment is improved.
The airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan regulates speed and exhausts air downwards → the air dehumidifier → the lower air flow control group → heat release in the sealed cabin → the upper air flow control group → the three-way valve → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, and an arrow indicates the air flow direction.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: for temperature W without shielding by other electrical equipmentxyzWhen the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located exchanges heat, the controller sequentially opens the air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group above the electrical equipmentuxyAnd a lower control airflow group air inlet and outlet valve KLxyThe sequence is as follows:
opening the first air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control air flow groupU43And a first air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL31Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of the electrical apparatus in which the temperature measurement point is located1；
Opening the second inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow groupU42And a second air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL32Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of the electrical apparatus in which the temperature measurement point is located2；
Thirdly, opening a third air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow groupU41And a third air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL33Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of the electrical apparatus in which the temperature measurement point is located3；
Fourthly, opening the fourth air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper air flow control groupU33And a fourth air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL41Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of electrical equipment where temperature measuring point is located4；
Fifth air inlet and outlet valve K of upper control airflow group is openedU32And a fifth air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL42Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of the electrical apparatus in which the temperature measurement point is located5；
Sixthly air inlet and exhaust valve K for opening upper control air flow groupU31And a sixth air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL43Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of the electrical apparatus in which the temperature measurement point is located6。
3) Air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation working mode conversion
When the controller monitors the pressure P in the sealed cabinNi<αPNONitrogen content N2<86% and the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiGreater than or equal to the pressure P in the sealed cabinNiI.e. POi≥PNiWhen the air pressure P of the sealed cabin is increased, the controller switches the air flow internal circulation working mode to the air flow external circulation working mode, and simultaneously controls the decompression exhaust valve of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to exhaust air to ensure that the air pressure P of the sealed cabin is increasedNiIs greater than the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched gas bagOiMultiplied by a pressure-temperature control coefficient λ, i.e. PNi>λPOi. At this time, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottleOXEqual to the maximum pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOi_maxI.e. POX＝POi_max。
Therefore, the efficient execution of the air flow external circulation working mode can be ensured, the pressure of the air in the sealed cabin is synchronously improved, the air density is increased, the oxygen content is reduced, and the accurate temperature control is ensured.
Wherein, WxyzThe temperature measured by the temperature sensor at the temperature measuring point is x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the upper control airflow group, the lower control airflow group and the temperature sensor, wherein (x, y and z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; w is a group ofSlThe lower limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment; wSUIs the upper limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment; n is a radical of2Is nitrogen; p isNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin; pOiThe internal pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag; p isOXThe pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle; pNOThe atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin is located; deltauFor heat exchangeUpper limit coefficient, 0<δu≤1；δlIs a heat exchange lower limit coefficient of 0<δlLess than or equal to 1; alpha is the air density ratio coefficient; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the flow rate of the control air flow unit; pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag gas; lambda is a pressure temperature control coefficient according to the average temperature W detected by the temperature sensoravgPressure ratio coefficient PλCorrelation function f (W) of temperature measurement point and temperature controlxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffH%) to obtain λ ═ Warg·Pλ·f(Wxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,H％)。
In the volume V of the oxygen-enriched air bagOiVolume V of oxygen-enriched air bottleOXAnd a sealed cabin volume VNiAt a certain time, the nitrogen content N in the sealed cabin2% depending on the pressure ratio coefficient PλPressure ratio coefficient PλIs the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiWith the pressure P in the capsuleNiThe product of the ratio and eta% of the nitrogen-oxygen separation efficiency of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, i.e.
Figure GDA0003594037450000121
Pressure ratio coefficient PλThe larger the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin, the faster the heat exchange speed, and conversely, the lower the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin, the slower the heat exchange speed.
The sealed cabin system of the invention has the following characteristics:
sensible heat or latent heat exchange technology is adopted, and the problem of low air rarefied heat exchange efficiency at high altitude is solved;
optimizing and controlling an exhaust path, and realizing accurate temperature control and energy consumption reduction;
low oxygen content is used to avoid fire;
the sealed cabin works at positive pressure, so that dust is prevented from entering, and the insulating strength is improved;
drying the air, avoiding a reduction in the degree of insulation;
the electric equipment in the high-altitude area can be prevented from derating, and the cost is reduced;
oxygen-enriched air can provide oxygen for high-altitude workers;
the redundancy is high, the compensation capability is strong, and the service life is longer compared with that of an air conditioner and a fan;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sealed cabin system for phase change heat exchange electrical equipment according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the equipment placement of the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a three-way valve structure of the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment capsule system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a five-way valve of the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment capsule system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a control method of the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with the appended drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high altitude areas of the present invention is composed of a sealed cabin 1, a bidirectional airflow control unit, a heat exchange unit, a control airflow unit, an oxygen enrichment preparation unit, a sensor group and a controller 8.
The sealed cabin 1 is heat-insulating, waterproof, airtight and pressure-bearing and can be horizontally installed according to the geographic environment.
The bidirectional airflow control unit is arranged at the corner of the bottom in the sealed cabin 1 and is respectively connected with an upper air inlet and outlet 28, a lower air inlet and outlet 29 and an airflow control unit of the heat exchange unit.
The control airflow unit is divided into an upper control airflow group 17 and a lower control airflow group 16, and the upper control airflow group 17 and the lower control airflow group 16 are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in the sealed cabin 1.
The heat exchange unit is arranged outside the sealed cabin 1 and close to the sealed cabin 1, and the heat exchange unit shown in figure 1 is arranged outside the sealed cabin 1 and below the bottom of the sealed cabin 1. The gas in the sealed cabin 1 enters a heat exchanger 32 soaked in the phase change material 27 through an upper gas inlet 28 and a lower gas inlet 29 of the heat exchange unit for circulating heat exchange, and the temperature of the electrical equipment 18 in the sealed cabin 1 is adjusted.
Except that the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 is arranged at the top outside the sealed cabin 1, other components are arranged at the top in the sealed cabin 1 and on one side close to the edge of the top, and the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin 1 and is arranged in a high-altitude environment.
The sensor group is respectively arranged on the top in the sealed cabin 1 and the electrical equipment 18, is connected with the controller 8 through a communication line and outputs sensor data.
The controller 8 is embedded in a cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin and is respectively connected with all sensors, the bidirectional airflow control unit, the oxygen enrichment preparation unit and equipment for controlling the airflow unit through data input and output interfaces.
The bidirectional airflow control unit shown in fig. 4 is composed of a five-way through valve, a bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, an air filter 13, an air flow sensor 6 and an air dehumidifier 12.
The No. 1 channel in the five-through valve is connected with an outlet of an air filter 13, and an inlet of the air filter 13 is positioned outside the sealed cabin 1 and filters gas entering the sealed cabin 1; the 2 nd channel in the five-through valve is connected with the upper air outlet 28 of the heat exchange unit, and the lower air inlet 29 and the lower air outlet 29 of the heat exchange unit are connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-through valve; the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with one end of a bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 through a gas transmission pipeline 30; the 5 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with the 2 nd channel in the three-way valve of the airflow control unit through a gas transmission pipeline 24; the five-way through valve is also provided with a through valve 31, when heat exchange is needed through a heat exchanger 32, the through valve 31 is closed, a pressure difference is formed between an upper air inlet and outlet 28 and a lower air inlet and outlet 29 of the heat exchange unit, and air flow exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit; when heat exchange is not needed through the heat exchanger 32, the through valve 31 is opened, so that the upper air inlet 28 and the lower air inlet 29 of the heat exchange unit in the five-way through valve are communicated, equal air pressure is formed, and air flow stops flowing and does not exchange heat with the heat exchange unit.
The upper end of the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 is connected with the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve through a gas transmission pipeline 30, and a gas flow sensor 6 is installed on the gas transmission pipeline; the lower end of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 is connected with one end of the air dehumidifier 12, and the other end of the air dehumidifier 12 is connected with one end of the lower control airflow group 16. Wherein, the data output end of the gas flow sensor 6 is connected with the controller 8 through a data line. The controller 8 monitors the airflow direction and flow of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 through the gas flow sensor 6, and controls the exhaust direction and flow of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 according to the simulation function of the system.
The heat exchange unit consists of a heat exchanger 32 and a heat exchange phase change material 27. The heat exchange phase-change material 27 is placed in the heat-insulation tank 33, and the heat exchanger 32 is soaked in the heat exchange phase-change material 27. The heat exchanger 32 is provided with an upper air outlet 28 and a lower air inlet 29, the upper air outlet 28 is connected with the 2 nd channel in the five-through valve, and the lower air inlet 29 is connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-through valve; the gas in the sealed cabin 1 exchanges heat with the heat exchange phase change material 27 through the heat exchanger 32, and the temperature of the gas in the sealed cabin 1 is adjusted.
When hot air flows for heat exchange, hot air flows through the lower air inlet and outlet 29 of the heat exchange unit to enter, heat is exchanged with the heat exchange phase change material 27 through the heat exchanger 32, and exchanged cold air flows are discharged from the upper air outlet 28 of the heat exchange unit to form air convection from top to bottom in the sealed cabin 1;
when cold air flows for heat exchange, the cold air enters through the upper air outlet 28 of the heat exchange unit, exchanges heat with the heat exchange phase-change material 27 through the heat exchanger 32, the exchanged hot air flows are discharged from the lower air inlet 29 of the heat exchange unit, air convection from bottom to top is formed in the sealed cabin 1, and heat exchange between the sealed cabin 1 and the heat exchange unit is realized.
The oxygen-enriched preparation unit consists of an oxygen-enriched air bag 2, a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4, an oxygen-enriched air bottle 22, an oxygen-enriched air output pipeline 7 and a pressure-reducing exhaust valve 3. The oxygen-enriched air bag 2 has a heat preservation function, is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin 1 and is arranged in a high-altitude environment. The oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is arranged at one side close to the top in the sealed cabin 1, the two ends of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 are respectively provided with an air inlet 21 and an air outlet 23, and the air inlet 21 is internally provided with an air check valve. The membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 is installed between the top of the sealed cabin 1 and the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, the upper part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 is arranged in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, the lower part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 is connected with a three-way valve for controlling an air flow unit, and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 reduces the oxygen content of air in the sealed cabin 1 by utilizing the pressure of compressed air in the sealed cabin 1 and the ambient pressure difference of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2. The separated oxygen-enriched air is compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22.
The decompression exhaust valve 3 is arranged at the upper part of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and is exposed in the atmospheric environment, the bottom of the decompression exhaust valve 3 is communicated with the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, and the control end of the decompression exhaust valve 3 is connected with the controller 8 and is opened or closed under the control of the controller 8 and the control of the gas pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2. An oxygen-enriched air output pipeline 7 is laid along one side of the top in the sealed cabin 1, one end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline 7 is connected with an air outlet 5 at the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, the other end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline 7 is connected with an air inlet 21 of an oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 at the same side of the top in the sealed cabin 1, and an air outlet 23 of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is connected with an oxygen-enriched exhaust valve 9 and an oxygen-enriched exhaust valve 10 outside the door which are respectively installed in a cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin through the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline. When the staff needs the oxygen-enriched air, the breathing mask connector is connected with the oxygen-enriched exhaust valve. Because the air inlet 21 of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is internally provided with the air check valve, the air pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is increased along with the increase of the air pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, but is not decreased along with the decrease of the air pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2.
As shown in FIG. 3, the control airflow unit consists of an upper control airflow group 17, a lower control airflow group 16 and a three-way valve K3-1And (4) forming. The upper control airflow group 17 is provided with an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve KuxyThe lower control airflow group 16 is provided with an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve Klxy. Wherein, the three-way valve contains a switch valve K3-1. The 1 st channel of the three-way valve is connected with a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit; the 2 nd channel of the three-way valve is connected with one end of a gas transmission pipeline 24; the other end of the gas pipeline 24 is connected with the 5 th channel in the five-way through valve, and the gas pipeline 24 is positioned between the five-way through valve and the three-way valve; the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve is connected with an upper control airflow group 17.
The upper control airflow group 17 is of a tree structure, and the main pipeline 26 is connected with the 3 rd channel of the three-way valveThe tail end of each tree branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KuxyAir inlet and outlet valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelinesuxyAre all hung at the top in the sealed cabin 1.
The lower control airflow group 16 is of a tree structure, a main pipeline 25 is connected with one end of the air dehumidifier 12, the other end of the air dehumidifier 12 is connected with one end of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, and the tail end of each tree branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KlxyAir inlet and exhaust valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelineslxyAre laid at the bottom in the sealed cabin 1.
Air inlet and exhaust valve K of upper control airflow group 17 of control airflow unituxyAnd an air inlet and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16lxyAre connected with the controller 8 and control the corresponding air inlet and outlet valve K in the upper control airflow group 17 according to the optimal temperature control range of each electrical device 18 in the sealed cabin 1uxyAnd the corresponding air inlet and exhaust valve K in the lower control airflow group 16lxyOpen or close.
The upper control airflow group 17 passes through a three-way valve K3-1The switching is connected with a lower control airflow group 16 through a five-way through valve, a heat exchange unit, a bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 and an air dehumidifier 12. Under the action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, the air in the sealed cabin 1 is controlled to reach the air dehumidifier 12 through the lower air control set 16, the sealed cabin 1, the upper air control set 17, the three-way valve, the heat exchange unit and the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, so that the internal circulation of the air flow is realized.
When the upper control airflow group 17 passes through the three-way valve K3-1The switching of the air-conditioning system is connected with a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit, under the exhaust action of a bidirectional speed regulation fan 14, the air outside the sealed cabin 1 passes through an air filter 13 of a bidirectional airflow control unit, a five-way through valve, a heat exchange unit, the bidirectional speed regulation fan 14, an air dehumidifier 12, a lower control airflow group 16, the heat exchange in the sealed cabin 1, and then passes through an upper control airflow group 17 and a three-way valve K3-1And the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4, the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit are discharged through the decompression exhaust valve 3, so that the external circulation of the air flow is realized.
Thus, the air flow inside the sealed cabin 1 circulates and the air flow outside circulatesThe two working modes are realized by a three-way valve K3-1Is implemented.
When the air flow internal circulation working mode is executed, the controller 8 respectively controls the three-way valve K3-1Switching, namely disconnecting the airflow channel of the upper control airflow group 17 and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4, closing the input channel of the air filter 13 of the bidirectional airflow control unit, connecting the airflow channel of the upper control airflow group 17, which passes through the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit, the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, the air dehumidifier 12 and the lower control airflow group 16, and connecting a certain exhaust valve K in the upper control airflow group 17uxyAnd an exhaust valve K in the lower control airflow group 16lxyWhen the temperature regulating device is opened, the airflow is accelerated under the action of the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 to disturb the gas in the corresponding area, so that the temperature of the electrical equipment 18 in the area is regulated.
The air convection path at this time is: three-way valve K3-1→ quintuplet through valve → heat exchange unit → bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 exhaust → air dehumidifier 12 → lower air flow control group 16 → sealed cabin 1 inner → upper air flow control group 17 → three-way valve K3-1。
When the air flow external circulation working mode is executed, the controller 8 controls the three-way valve K3-1The switching of the five-way through valve is to connect the upper control airflow group 17 and the airflow passage of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 and disconnect the upper control airflow group 17 and the airflow passage of the five-way through valve. Simultaneously, the air filter 13 is opened, and a five-way through valve and an air input passage outside the sealed cabin 1 are established. At the moment, air outside the sealed cabin 1 is filtered by an air filter 13, exhausted by a five-way through valve, a two-way speed regulating fan 14, an air dehumidifier 12 and a lower air flow control group 16, and then oxygen-enriched gas is discharged from an upper air flow control group 17 and a three-way valve to the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4.
When all the air inlet and exhaust valves K of the upper control airflow group 17uxyAnd the air inlet and exhaust valves K of the lower control airflow group 16lxyWhen the air pressure-regulating sealed cabin is opened, under the action of the exhaust of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, the air outside the sealed cabin 1 is quickly pressed into the sealed cabin 1, and the pressure in the sealed cabin 1 is kept at alpha P under the control of the controller 8NO～100KPaIn the range, alpha is the air density ratio coefficient, PNOFor sealing the ring in which the capsule 1 is locatedAmbient altitude atmospheric pressure; nitrogen content N2More than or equal to 86 percent, and simultaneously oxygen-enriched air is obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22.
The air convection passage is as follows: air outside the sealed cabin → the five-way through valve → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 for exhausting air → the air filter 13 → the air dehumidifier 12 → the lower air flow control group 16 → inside the sealed cabin 1 → the upper air flow control group 17 → the three-way valve → the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 → the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 → the pressure-reducing exhaust valve 3.
Thereby improving the gas density and reducing the oxygen concentration in the sealed cabin 1, and simultaneously the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 obtain the oxygen-enriched air.
The sensor group comprises a temperature sensor, a gas pressure difference sensor 19 and a nitrogen sensor 20; the temperature sensors are arranged on key heat exchange monitoring points of each electrical equipment 18 according to the attributes and the placement positions of the electrical equipment 18 in the sealed cabin 1, and the temperature W measured by the temperature measuring point of each temperature sensorxyzIs connected to the controller 8 via a data line. The air pressure difference sensor 19 and the nitrogen sensor 20 are arranged at the central position of the top of the sealed cabin 1, the data output end of the air pressure difference sensor 19 and the data output end of the nitrogen sensor 20 are connected with the controller 8 through communication cables, and the change of the air pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealed cabin 1, the humidity H percent and the content N of nitrogen are monitored2% of the total weight of the composition. Among them, the nitrogen sensor 20 includes a humidity sensor.
The controller 8 consists of a CPU; the input interface of the controller 8 is connected with the output ports of each temperature sensor, each air pressure difference sensor 19 and each nitrogen sensor 20 through data lines; the output interface of the controller 8 is connected with each exhaust valve K in the control airflow unit through a control linexyThe pressure reducing and exhausting valve 3, the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14, the five-way through valve, the three-way valve, the air filter 13 and the air dehumidifier 12.
The control process of the controller on the electric equipment sealed cabin system is as follows:
1) establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
According to the placing position of the electrical equipment 18 in the sealed cabin 1, the position coordinates of the temperature measuring point and the position coordinates in the sealed cabin 1Pressure difference P between the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the pressuredffThe flow velocity FR and the humidity H% of the air flow, and a correlation function of temperature measurement and temperature control is established: f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)。
2) Control method under air flow external circulation working mode
Firstly, when the cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller 8 detects PNO＝PNiWhen the air bag is used, the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3 is controlled to exhaust the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2.
② when the sealing cabin door 11 is in the closing state
When the controller 8 monitors that the cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin is closed, the air filter 13 is controlled to be opened, and the controller 8 executes an airflow external circulation working mode; due to POi<PNiThe air in the sealed cabin 1 realizes nitrogen-oxygen separation through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4, the nitrogen is reserved in the sealed cabin 1, and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bag 2.
Thirdly, the working mode of the air flow external circulation and the internal circulation is switched
When the controller 8 monitors N in the sealed cabin 12>86% and. alpha.PNO≤PNi≤100KPaWhile the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2β>POi≤PNiAt this point, the controller 8 executes an air flow internal circulation mode of operation to exchange heat for the electrical device 18.
3) Control method under internal airflow circulation working mode
18 oriented heat exchange of electrical equipment
The control of the heat absorption mode and the heat release mode of the electrical device 18 in the air flow internal circulation operation mode is as follows
Figure GDA0003594037450000171
Heat absorption mode
The controller 8 monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≥δuWsuAccording to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) control of the air flow unitOpening an air inlet and exhaust valve corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the electrical equipment 18, and under the action of the gas pressure after heat exchange of the heat exchange unit, making the gas flow at the temperature WxyzThe electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located generates directional convection air from top to bottom to realize the temperature WxyzThe orientation of the electrical device 18 in which the temperature measurement point is located absorbs heat.
Figure GDA0003594037450000172
Heat release pattern
The controller 8 monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≤δlWslAccording to the temperature measuring point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the corresponding air inlet and outlet valves, and controlling the airflow unit to be at W temperature under the action of the pressure of the gas after heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzConvection air oriented from bottom to top is generated on the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is positioned, and the temperature W is measuredxyzThe directional heating of the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located.
Second, the working modes of the air flow internal circulation and the external circulation are switched
When the pressure in the sealed cabin 1 is alpha PNO≤PNi≤100KPa、POi<PNiAnd when the air flow internal circulation working mode is switched to the air flow external circulation working mode.
When the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1Ni<αPNOWhile the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3 exhausts to make PNi>λPOiAnd the execution of the air flow outer circulation working mode is ensured. Wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; w is a group ofxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the upper and lower control airflow sets and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; k isuxyTo control a certain exhaust valve of the air flow group 17; k islxyAn exhaust valve of the lower control airflow group 16; delta. for the preparation of a coatinguIs the upper limit coefficient of heat transfer, 0<δu≤1；δlIs a heat exchange lower limit coefficient of 0<δlLess than or equal to 1; alpha is the air density ratio coefficient; pdffThe pressure difference between the inside of the sealed cabin and the oxygen-enriched air bag; wSlA lower limit for the operating temperature of the electrical device 18; wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical device 18; pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; pNmaxThe upper limit value of the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; p isOiThe pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag 2; p isOXIs the pressure in the oxygen enriched air bottle 22; p isNOAtmospheric pressure of the environment in which the sealed cabin 1 is located; pβIs the pressure limiting threshold of the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3.
The directional heat exchange is to control the path and direction of the airflow to restrict the airflow to flow only on the heat-exchanged electrical equipment, so as to perform directional heat exchange on the electrical equipment.
As shown in fig. 5, the control method of the capsule system of the present invention is specifically as follows:
1. establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
Installing temperature sensors according to the placing positions of the electrical equipment 18 in the sealed cabin 1 and the position coordinates of the temperature measuring points of the electrical equipment, and establishing each temperature measuring point measured by the temperature sensors and an air inlet and exhaust valve K of the upper control airflow group 17uxyAnd an air inlet and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16lxyBy the pressure P1 in the capsuleNiWith the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiDifference P ofdff＝PNi-POiGas heat exchange simulation of the heat exchange monitoring point of the electrical equipment 18 by the flow velocity FR and the humidity H% of the air flow to obtain a correlation function f (W) of the temperature measurement point and the temperature controlxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)。
The controller 8 monitors the data of the temperature sensor, the nitrogen sensor 20, the gas flow rate sensor 6, the air humidity sensor and the air pressure sensor 19 in real time and according to the content N of the nitrogen in the sealed cabin 12Percentage, pressure PNiGas flow rate FR, temperature W of temperature measurement point of each temperature sensorxyzAnd pressure P in the oxygen-enriched gas bagOiAnd analyzing, judging and making a corresponding control strategy.
Wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is the simulation function of the temperature measurement point of each temperature sensor and the control airflow unit; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the flow rate of the control air flow unit; wxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of an upper control airflow group, a lower control airflow group and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) are more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyTo control a certain exhaust valve of the air flow group 17; klxyAn exhaust valve of the lower control airflow group 16; p isdffIs the pressure difference between the inside of the sealed cabin 1 and the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2.
2. Control method in air flow external circulation working mode
The controller 8 controls the switching valve K in the three-way valve3_1The air flow path between the upper air flow control group 17 and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 is connected, the air flow path between the upper air flow control group 17 and the lower air flow control group 16 through the three-way valve, the two-way speed regulation fan 14, the air dehumidifier 12 and the lower air flow control group 17 is disconnected, at this time, because the through valve 31 is in an open state, the upper air inlet and outlet 28 and the lower air inlet and outlet 29 of the heat exchange unit are communicated, so that the air pressure between the upper air inlet and outlet 28 and the lower air inlet and outlet 29 is equal, and the air cannot enter the heat exchanger 32 of the heat exchange unit. The controller 8 monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1 in real time through the nitrogen sensor 20, the air pressure difference sensor 19 and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin 12％。
The airflow circulation path under the airflow external circulation working mode is as follows:
air outside the sealed cabin 1 → the air filter 13 → the five-way through valve → the two-way speed regulating fan 14 for speed regulation and air induction → the air dehumidifier 12 → the lower air flow control group 16 → the sealed cabin 1 inside → the upper air flow control group 17 → the three-way valve → the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 → the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 → the pressure reducing vent valve 3, and the arrow indicates the air flow direction.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) when the cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin is in an open state
A controller 8 is controlled byThe differential air pressure sensor 19 detects the equal pressure inside and outside the sealed cabin 1, namely PNO＝PNiAt this time, the controller 8 controls the decompression exhaust valve 3 to open, and the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit is emptied of gas. At this time, due to the action of the gas check valve of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22OXMaintaining the maximum pressure P of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2Oi_maxPressure equalisation at the moment, i.e. POX＝POi_maxAnd oxygen is supplied to workers.
2) When the door 11 of the sealed cabin is in a closed state
When the controller 8 monitors that the door 11 of the sealed cabin is closed, the controller 8 controls the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 to exhaust, air outside the sealed cabin 1 is filtered by the air filter 13 and dehumidified by the air dehumidifier 12, and air is introduced into the sealed cabin 1, so that the air density in the sealed cabin 1 is improved, and the oxygen content in the sealed cabin 1 is reduced. Due to the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 of the oxygen-enriched preparation unitOiIs the atmospheric pressure P of the environmentNOI.e. POi＝PNOAir pressure P in the sealed cabin 1NiGreater than the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiI.e. POi<PNiThe air introduced into the sealed cabin 1 passes through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to isolate the nitrogen and remains in the sealed cabin 1, and the oxygen enrichment air is compressed into the oxygen enrichment air bag 2.
3) Air flow external circulation and air flow internal circulation working mode conversion
When the controller 8 monitors the pressure alpha P in the sealed cabin 1NO≤PNi≤100KPaAnd nitrogen content N2When the oxygen content in the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is more than or equal to 86 percent, the oxygen content in the air is increased to O2Not less than 29 percent, and the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiRespectively less than or equal to the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1NiAnd a pressure limiting threshold value P of the decompression exhaust valve 3βI.e. Pβ>POi≤PNi. At this time, the air flow external circulation working mode is controlled to be switched to the air flow internal circulation working mode, the through valve 31 in the five-through valve is closed, and the air in the sealed cabin 1 exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit.
Gas pressure P of oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiGreater than the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22OXWhen is, i.e. POi>POXThe oxygen-enriched air is automatically compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22, and the gas pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is kept to be alpha PNO≤POX≤100KPa。
Wherein, N2Is nitrogen; o is2Is oxygen; p isOiIs the pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag 2; p isNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; p isβIs the pressure limiting threshold of the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3; alpha is the air density ratio coefficient; w is a group ofavgIs the average temperature detected by the temperature sensor; pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22; w is a group ofSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical device 18; pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2; p isNOIs the ambient atmospheric pressure at which the capsule 1 is located.
Thereby improving the gas density in the sealed cabin 1 and reducing the oxygen concentration in the sealed cabin 1, and simultaneously, oxygen-enriched air is obtained in both the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22.
3. Control method under air flow internal circulation working mode
The controller 8 controls the three-way valve to switch, the airflow channel of the upper control airflow group 17 and the airflow channel of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 are disconnected, the airflow channel of the upper control airflow group 17, which passes through the three-way valve, the five-way through valve, the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14, the air dehumidifier 12 and the lower control airflow group 16, is connected, the air inlet channel of the air filter 13 and the through valve 31 in the five-way through valve are closed, and the air in the sealed cabin 1 is subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchanger 32 of the heat exchange unit. The controller 8 monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1 in real time through the nitrogen sensor 20, the air pressure difference sensor 19 and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin 12％。
The air flow internal circulation working mode is a heat absorption mode and a heat release mode for the electrical equipment 18:
1) when the heat absorption mode of the electrical apparatus 18 is executed, the controller 8 monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzElectric power greater than or equal toUpper limit value W of operating temperature of equipment 18SUCoefficient of heat transfer to upper limit deltauProduct of (i.e. W)xyz≥δuWsuThe controller 8 is controlled according to the upper limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipment 18SUTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 to regulate the speed of air exhaust upwards, and opening one or more air inlet and outlet valves K in the upper control airflow group 17 corresponding to the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is locateduxzThe gas is discharged, and one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment 18 with the temperature measuring point in the lower control airflow group 16 are openedlxzThe air is sucked in and then is subjected to heat exchange through the dehumidification and heat exchange unit 12. At this time, at a temperature WxyzDirectional convection air from top to bottom is generated around the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located, so that the disturbance heat dissipation of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment 18 is reduced.
The airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 exhausts air upwards → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the three-way valve → the upper air flow control group 17 → heat absorption in the sealed cabin 1 → the lower air flow control group 16 → the air dehumidifier 12 → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, and an arrow indicates the air flow direction.
2) When the electrical equipment 18 is performing a heat release, the controller 8 monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzLower limit value W of working temperature of electric equipment 18SlCoefficient delta of lower limit of heat exchangelProduct of (i.e. W)xyz≤δlWslThe controller 8 is controlled according to the lower limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSlTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 to regulate the speed of the air to exhaust downwards, dehumidifying the heat-exchange gas in the heat-exchange unit by the air dehumidifier 12, and opening one or more air inlet and outlet valves K in the lower control airflow set 16 corresponding to the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is locatedlxzThe gas is discharged, and one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located in the upper control airflow group 17 are openeduxzThe gas is sucked in, at the temperature WxyzOf temperature measuring pointsThe bottom-to-top directional convection air is generated around the electrical equipment 18 to accelerate the gas disturbance heat release in the area and increase the temperature of the electrical equipment 18.
The airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 regulates the speed and exhausts downwards → the air dehumidifier 12 → the lower air flow control group 16 → the heat release in the sealed cabin 1 → the upper air flow control group 17 → the three-way valve → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, and the arrow indicates the air flow direction.
For example, the temperature W without shielding by other electrical devices 18xyzWhen the electrical equipment 18 with the temperature measuring point exchanges heat, the controller 8 sequentially opens the air inlet and outlet valves K of the upper control airflow group 17 above the electrical equipment 18uxyAnd a lower control airflow group 16 air inlet and exhaust valve KLxyThe sequence is as follows:
opening the first inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group 17U43And a first inlet/outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L31Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature is measured1；
② opening a second air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group 17U42And a second inlet/outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L32Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located2；
Thirdly, opening the third air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group 17U41And a third intake and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L33Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located3；
Fourthly, opening the fourth air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper air control flow group 17U33And a fourth intake/exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L41Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature is measured4；
Fifth air inlet and outlet valve K of upper control airflow group 17 is openedU32And a fifth intake and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L42Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located5；
Sixthly, open the upper control air flowSixth inlet and exhaust valve K of group 17U31And a sixth intake/exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L43Generating a passing temperature WxyzOf the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located6。
3) Air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation working mode conversion
When the controller 8 monitors the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1Ni<αPNONitrogen content N2<86% and pressure P in air bag 2OiPressure P in the sealed cabin 1 is more than or equal toNiI.e. POi≥PNiWhen the air pressure P of the sealed cabin 1 is higher than the pressure P, the controller 8 converts the internal circulation working mode into the airflow external circulation working mode, and simultaneously the controller 8 controls the decompression exhaust valve 3 of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to exhaust air to ensure that the air pressure P is higher than the pressure P of the sealed cabin 1NiIs greater than the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiWith a pressure-temperature control coefficient λ, i.e. PNi>λPOi. At this time, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22OXEqual to the maximum pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2Oi_maxI.e. POX＝POi_max。
The high-efficiency execution of the air flow external circulation working mode is ensured, the air pressure of the air in the sealed cabin 1 is synchronously improved, the air density is increased, the oxygen content is reduced, and the accurate temperature control is ensured.
Wherein, WxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the temperature sensor, and the (x, y and z) is an integer and is more than or equal to 1; wSlA lower limit for the operating temperature of the electrical device 18; w is a group ofSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment 18; delta. for the preparation of a coatinguIs the upper limit coefficient of heat transfer, 0<δu≤1；δlIs a heat exchange lower limit coefficient of 0<δl≤1；N2Is nitrogen; pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; pOiIs the internal pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2; pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen enriched air bottle 22; pNOIs the ambient atmospheric pressure of the sealed cabin 1; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin 1; FR is the flow rate of the control air flow unit; pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2; lambda is the pressure temperature control coefficient according to the average temperature detected by the temperature sensorWavgPressure ratio coefficient PλCorrelation function f (W) of temperature measurement point and temperature controlxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffH%) to yield λ ═ Warg·Pλ·f(Wxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,H％)。
In the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 volume VOiVolume V of oxygen-enriched air bottle 22OXAnd the volume V of the sealed cabin 1NiAt a certain time, the content N of nitrogen in the sealed cabin 12% depends on the pressure ratio coefficient PλPressure ratio coefficient PλIs the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiWith the pressure P in the capsule 1NiThe product of the ratio of the nitrogen to oxygen separation efficiency eta% of the membrane nitrogen to oxygen separation device 4, i.e.
Figure GDA0003594037450000221
Pressure ratio coefficient PλThe larger the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin 1, the faster the heat exchange speed, and conversely, the lower the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin 1, the slower the heat exchange speed.

Claims (1)

1. A phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high altitude areas is characterized by comprising a sealed cabin (1), a bidirectional airflow control unit, a heat exchange unit, an oxygen enrichment preparation unit, an airflow control unit, a sensor group and a controller (8);
the sealed cabin (1) is heat-insulating, waterproof, airtight and pressure-bearing and is horizontally installed according to the geographical environment;
the bidirectional airflow control unit is arranged at a corner of the bottom in the sealed cabin (1) and is respectively connected with an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit and the airflow control unit;
the control airflow unit is divided into an upper control airflow group (17) and a lower control airflow group (16), and the upper control airflow group (17) and the lower control airflow group (16) are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in the sealed cabin (1);
the heat exchange unit is arranged outside the sealed cabin (1) and close to the sealed cabin (1), gas in the sealed cabin (1) enters the heat exchanger (32) soaked in the phase change material (27) through the upper air inlet and outlet (28) and the lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit for circulating heat exchange, and the temperature of the electrical equipment (18) in the sealed cabin (1) is adjusted;
except that the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) is arranged at the top outside the sealed cabin (1), other components are arranged at one side, close to the edge, of the top inside the sealed cabin (1), and the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin (1) and is arranged in a high-altitude environment;
the sensor group is respectively arranged on the top in the sealed cabin (1) and the electrical equipment (18), is connected with the controller (8) through a communication circuit and outputs sensor data;
the controller (8) is embedded in a cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin and is respectively connected with all the sensors, the bidirectional airflow control unit, the oxygen enrichment preparation unit and equipment for controlling the airflow unit through data input and output interfaces;
the bidirectional airflow control unit consists of a five-way through valve, a bidirectional speed regulation fan (14), an air filter (13), an air flow sensor (6) and an air dehumidifier (12);
the No. 1 channel in the five-through valve is connected with an outlet of an air filter (13), and an inlet of the air filter (13) is positioned outside the sealed cabin (1) and filters gas entering the sealed cabin (1); a 2 nd channel in the five-through valve is connected with an upper air inlet and outlet (28) of the heat exchange unit, and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit is connected with a 3 rd channel in the five-through valve; the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with one end of a bidirectional speed regulating fan (14) through a gas transmission pipeline (30); a 5 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with a 2 nd channel of a three-way valve of the airflow control unit through a gas transmission pipeline (24); the five-through valve is also provided with a through valve (31), when heat exchange is needed through a heat exchanger (32), the through valve (31) is closed, a pressure difference is formed between an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit, and air flow exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit; when heat exchange (32) through the heat exchanger is not needed, the through valve (31) is opened, an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit in the five-way through valve are communicated to form equal air pressure, and air flow stops flowing and does not exchange heat with the heat exchange unit;
one end of a bidirectional speed regulating fan (14) is connected with the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve through a gas transmission pipeline (30), and a gas flow sensor (6) is installed on the gas transmission pipeline; the other end of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) is connected with one end of an air dehumidifier (12), and the other end of the air dehumidifier (12) is connected with one end of a lower control airflow group (16); wherein, the data output end of the gas flow sensor (6) is connected with the controller (8) through a data line; the controller (8) monitors the airflow direction and flow of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) through the gas flow sensor (6), and controls the exhaust direction and flow of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) according to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function;
the heat exchange unit consists of a heat exchanger (32) and a heat exchange phase change material (27); the heat exchange phase-change material (27) is placed in the heat-insulation tank body (33), and the heat exchanger (32) is soaked in the heat exchange phase-change material (27); the heat exchanger (32) is provided with an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29), the upper air inlet and outlet (28) is connected with the 2 nd channel in the five-way through valve, and the lower air inlet and outlet (29) is connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-way through valve; the gas in the sealed cabin (1) exchanges heat with the heat exchange phase change material (27) through the heat exchanger (32), and the temperature of the gas in the sealed cabin (1) is adjusted;
when hot air flows for heat exchange, hot air flows through a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit to enter, heat is exchanged with the heat exchange phase change material (27) through a heat exchanger (32), exchanged cold air flow is discharged from an upper air outlet (28) of the heat exchange unit, and air convection from top to bottom is formed in the sealed cabin (1);
when cold air flows for heat exchange, cold air enters through an upper air inlet and outlet (28) of the heat exchange unit, heat is exchanged between the heat exchanger (32) and the heat exchange phase-change material (27), the exchanged hot air flow is discharged from a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit, air convection from bottom to top is formed in the sealed cabin (1), and heat exchange between the sealed cabin (1) and the heat exchange unit is realized;
the oxygen-enriched preparation unit consists of an oxygen-enriched air bag (2), a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), an oxygen-enriched air bottle (22), an oxygen-enriched air output pipeline (7) and a pressure-reducing exhaust valve (3); the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) has a heat preservation function; the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is arranged at one side close to the top in the sealed cabin (1), an air inlet (21) and an air outlet (23) are arranged at two ends of the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22), and a gas check valve is arranged in the air inlet (21); the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) is arranged between the top of the sealed cabin (1) and the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2), the upper part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) is arranged in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2), and the lower part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) is connected with a three-way valve in the control airflow unit; the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) reduces the oxygen content of air in the sealed cabin (1) by utilizing the pressure difference between the pressure of compressed air in the sealed cabin (1) and the environment pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); the separated oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and an oxygen-enriched air bottle (22);
the decompression exhaust valve (3) is arranged at the upper part of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and is exposed in the atmospheric environment, the bottom of the decompression exhaust valve (3) is communicated with the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2), the control end of the decompression exhaust valve (3) is connected with the controller (8) and is controlled by the controller (8) to be opened or closed under the control of the pressure of the gas in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); an oxygen-enriched air output pipeline (7) is laid along one side of the inner top of the sealed cabin (1), one end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline (7) is connected with an air outlet (5) at the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2), the other end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline (7) is connected with an air inlet (21) of an oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) on the same side of the inner top of the sealed cabin (1), and an air outlet (23) of the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is connected with an oxygen-enriched exhaust valve (9) and an oxygen-enriched exhaust valve (10) which are respectively arranged in a door and outside the sealed cabin (1) through the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline;
the air flow control unit consists of an upper air flow control group (17), a lower air flow control group (16) and a three-way valve; the upper control airflow group (17) is provided with an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve KuxyThe lower control airflow group (16) is provided with an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve Klxy(ii) a Wherein, the three-way valve contains a switch valve K3-1(ii) a The 1 st channel of the three-way valve is connected with a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit; the 2 nd channel of the three-way valve is connected with one end of a gas transmission pipeline (24), and the other end of the gas transmission pipeline (24) is connected with the 5 th channel of the five-way through valve; the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve is connected with an upper control airflow group (17);
the upper control airflow group (17) is of a tree structure, and a main pipeline (26) is connected with the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve; the tail end of each tree-shaped branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KuxyAt the ends of a plurality of tree-like branch pipesAir inlet and outlet valve KuxyAre all hung at the top in the sealed cabin (1); wherein, a main pipeline (26) in the upper control airflow group (17) is provided with a gas flow velocity sensor (6);
the lower control airflow group (16) is of a tree structure, a main pipeline (25) is connected with one end of an air dehumidifier (12), the other end of the air dehumidifier (12) is connected with one end of a bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), and the tail end of each tree branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KlxyAir inlet and outlet valve K at tail end of multiple tree branch pipelineslxyAre all paved at the bottom in the sealed cabin (1);
an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)uxyAnd an air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)lxyAre connected with a controller (8) and control corresponding air inlet and outlet valves K in an upper control airflow group (17) according to the optimal temperature control range of each electrical device (18) in the sealed cabin (1)uxyAnd the corresponding air inlet and outlet valve K in the lower control airflow group (16)lxyOpen or close;
the upper control airflow group (17) passes through a three-way valve K3-1The air-conditioning system is switched by connecting a five-way through valve, a heat exchange unit, a two-way speed regulation fan (14) and an air dehumidifier (12) with a lower control airflow group (16); under the action of a bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), the air convection in the sealed cabin (1) is controlled, and the air flow reaches an air dehumidifier (12) through a lower air flow control group (16), an upper air flow control group (17) in the sealed cabin (1), a three-way valve, a heat exchange unit and the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), so that the internal circulation of the air flow is realized;
when the upper control airflow group (17) passes through the three-way valve K3-1When the switch is connected with the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit, under the exhaust action of the bidirectional speed regulation fan (14), air outside the sealed cabin (1) passes through the air filter (13) of the bidirectional airflow control unit, the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit, the bidirectional speed regulation fan (14), the air dehumidifier (12), the lower control airflow group (16) and the sealed cabin (1) for heat exchange, and then passes through the upper control airflow group (17) and the three-way valve K3-1The membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit are discharged through the decompression exhaust valve (3) to realize air flow external circulation;
thus, the sealed cabin (1) is internally provided withThe two working modes of air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation are realized by a three-way valve K3-1The switching of (2) is realized;
when the air flow internal circulation working mode is executed, the controller (8) controls the three-way valve K3-1The switching of the upper control airflow group (17) and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) is cut off, the input passage of an air filter (13) of a bidirectional airflow control unit is closed, the upper control airflow group (17) is communicated with the airflow passage of a lower control airflow group (16) through a five-way through valve, a heat exchange unit, a bidirectional speed regulating fan (14) and an air dehumidifier (12), and a certain air inlet and exhaust valve K in the upper control airflow group (17)uxyAnd a certain air inlet and outlet valve K in the lower control airflow group (16)lxyWhen the temperature-regulating air conditioner is opened, the air flow is accelerated to disturb the air in the corresponding area under the action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), so that the temperature of the electrical equipment (18) in the area is regulated;
the air convection path at this time is: three-way valve K3-1→ quintuplet through valve → heat exchange unit → bidirectional speed regulation fan (14) exhaust → air dehumidifier (12) → lower airflow control group (16) → inside sealed cabin (1) → upper airflow control group (17) → three-way valve K3-1The arrows indicate the direction of air flow;
when the air flow external circulation working mode is executed, the controller (8) controls the three-way valve K3-1Switching, namely switching on an air flow passage of the upper control air flow group (17) and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) and switching off the air flow passage of the upper control air flow group (17) and the five-way through valve; simultaneously opening an air filter (13) and establishing a five-way through valve and an air input passage outside the sealed cabin (1); at the moment, gas outside the sealed cabin (1) is filtered by an air filter (13), exhausted by a five-way through valve, a two-way speed-regulating fan (14), an air dehumidifier (12) and a lower control airflow group (16) are introduced into the sealed cabin (1), and then oxygen-enriched gas is discharged from an upper control airflow group (17) and a three-way valve to a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4);
when all the air inlet and outlet valves K of the upper control airflow group (17)uxyAnd all the air inlet and outlet valves K of the lower control airflow group (16)lxyWhen the air-tight cabin is opened, under the exhaust action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), air outside the air-tight cabin (1) is quickly introduced into the air-tight cabin (1), and the pressure in the air-tight cabin (1) is controlled by the controller (8)Maintained at alpha PNO～100KPaIn the range, alpha is the air density ratio coefficient, PNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment of the sealed cabin (1), the nitrogen content N2More than or equal to 86 percent, and simultaneously oxygen-enriched air is obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22);
the air convection path is as follows: air outside the sealed cabin (1) → the quintuplet through valve → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) exhaust air guide → the air filter (13) → the air dehumidifier (12) → the lower airflow control group (16) → the sealed cabin (1) inside → the upper airflow control group (17) → the three-way valve → the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) → the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) → the pressure-reducing exhaust valve (3), and arrows indicate the air flow direction;
the sensor group comprises a temperature sensor, a gas pressure difference sensor (19) and a nitrogen sensor (20);
the temperature sensors are installed on key heat exchange monitoring points of each electrical device (18) according to the attributes and the placing positions of the electrical devices (18) in the sealed cabin (1), and the data output end of each temperature sensor is connected with the controller (8) through a data line; the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the nitrogen sensor (20) are arranged at the central position of the top of the sealed cabin (1), the data output end of the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the data output end of the nitrogen sensor (20) are connected with the controller (8) through communication lines, and the change of the air pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealed cabin (1) and the content N of the humidity H% and the nitrogen are monitored2%; the nitrogen sensor (20) comprises a humidity sensor;
the controller (8) consists of a CPU; the input interface of the controller (8) is connected with the output interfaces of the temperature sensor, the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the nitrogen sensor (20) through data lines; the output interface of the controller (8) is connected with each air inlet and outlet valve K in the control air flow unit through a control linexyThe pressure-reducing exhaust valve (3), the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), the five-way through valve, the three-way valve and the air dehumidifier (12) are connected;
the control process of the controller (8) on the electric equipment sealed cabin system is as follows:
1) establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
According to the placing position of the electrical equipment (18) in the sealed cabin (1),The position coordinate of the heat exchange monitoring point, the difference P between the pressure in the sealed cabin (1) and the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)dffThe flow velocity FR and the humidity H% of the air flow, and a correlation function f (W) of temperature measurement and temperature control is establishedxyz,Kuxy,Klxy,Pdff,FR,H％)；
2) Control method under air flow external circulation working mode
Firstly, when the cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller (8) detects PNO＝PNiWhen in use, the pressure-reducing exhaust valve (3) is controlled to exhaust the gas in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2);
② when the sealing cabin door (11) is in a closed state
When the controller (8) monitors that the cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin is closed, the air filter (13) is controlled to be opened, and the controller (8) executes an airflow external circulation working mode; due to POi<PNiThe air in the sealed cabin (1) is separated into nitrogen and oxygen through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), the nitrogen is reserved in the sealed cabin (1), and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bag (2);
thirdly, the working mode of the air flow external circulation and the internal circulation is switched
When the controller (8) monitors N in the sealed cabin (1)2>86% and α PNO≤PNi≤100KPaWhile the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)β>POi≤PNiAt the moment, the controller (8) executes an air flow internal circulation working mode to exchange heat for the electrical equipment (18);
3) control method in air flow internal circulation working mode
Directional heat exchange of electrical equipment (18)
The heat absorption mode and the heat release mode of the electrical equipment (18) in the air flow internal circulation working mode are as follows:
Figure FDA0003594037440000051
heat absorption mode
The controller (8) monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≥δuWsuAccording to the temperature measuring point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxy,Klxy,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the air inlet and outlet valve corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the electrical equipment (18), and controlling the airflow at the temperature W of the airflow under the action of pressure after the air is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzThe electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is positioned generates directional convection air from top to bottom to realize the temperature WxyzThe directional heat absorption of the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located;
Figure FDA0003594037440000052
heat release pattern
The controller (8) monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≤δlWslAccording to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxy,Klxy,PdffFR, H%), opening the air inlet and outlet valves corresponding to the airflow unit, and allowing the air to exchange heat with the heat exchange unit under the action of pressure at WxyzThe electric equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is positioned generates convection air which is oriented from bottom to top and measures the temperature WxyzThe electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located supplies heat directionally;
second, the working modes of the air flow internal circulation and the external circulation are switched
When the pressure in the sealed cabin (1) is alpha PNO≤PNi≤100KPa、POi<PNiWhen the air flow is in the air flow internal circulation working mode, the air flow internal circulation working mode is converted into an air flow external circulation working mode;
when the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)Ni<αPNOWhile the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3) exhausts the gas to ensure that P isNi>λPOiEnsuring the execution of the air flow external circulation working mode;
the directional heat exchange is to control the path and direction of the airflow to restrict the airflow to only flow on the heat-exchanged electrical equipment, so as to perform the positioning heat exchange on the electrical equipment;
f(Wxyz,Kuxy,Klxy,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement and control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin (1); FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; w is a group ofxyzA temperature sensor being a certain temperature measuring pointThe measured temperature x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the upper control airflow set, the lower control airflow set and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyIs an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve in the upper control air flow group (17); k islxyIs an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve in the lower control air flow group (16); p isdffIs the difference between the pressure in the sealed cabin (1) and the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); w is a group ofSlIs the lower limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18); wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment (18); deltauIs an upper limit coefficient of heat transfer, 0<δu≤1；δlIs a heat exchange lower limit coefficient of 0<δl≤1；N2Is nitrogen; alpha is the air density ratio coefficient; p isNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin (1); pNmaxIs the upper limit value of the pressure in the sealed cabin (1); p isOiThe pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22); p isβIs the pressure limiting threshold of the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3); pNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin (1) is located;
the method for establishing the correlation function between the temperature measurement point and the temperature control is as follows:
according to the placing position of the electrical equipment (18) in the sealed cabin (1) and the position coordinates of the heat exchange monitoring points of the electrical equipment (18), a temperature sensor is installed, and each temperature measuring point measured by the temperature sensor and an air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17) are establisheduxyAnd an air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)lxyBy applying a pressure P to the sealed chamber (1)NiWith the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiDifference P ofdff＝PNi-POiGas heat exchange simulation of the heat exchange monitoring points of the electrical equipment (18) is carried out to obtain a temperature measuring point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxy,Klxy,PdffFR, H%); the controller (8) monitors the data of the temperature sensor, the nitrogen sensor (20), the gas flow rate sensor (6), the air humidity sensor and the air pressure sensor (19) in real time and according to the content N of the nitrogen in the sealed cabin (1)2Percentage, pressure PNiGas flow rate FR, temperature W detected at each temperature measuring pointxyzAnd the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiMaking a corresponding control strategy;
wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxy,Klxy,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin (1); FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; wxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of an upper control airflow group (17), a lower control airflow group (16) and the temperature sensor, wherein (x, y and z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyAn air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the upper control airflow group (17); klxyAn air inlet valve and an air outlet valve of the lower control airflow group (16); p isdffIs the difference between the pressure in the sealed cabin (1) and the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2);
the control process in the air flow outer circulation working mode is as follows:
the controller (8) controls a switching valve K in the three-way valve3-1An airflow passage of an upper air flow control group (17) and an airflow passage of a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) are connected, the airflow passage of the upper air flow control group (17) passing through a three-way valve, a bidirectional speed regulation fan (14), an air dehumidifier (12) and a lower air flow control group (16) is disconnected, at the moment, because a through valve (31) is in an open state, an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of a heat exchange unit are communicated, so that the gas pressure between the upper air inlet and outlet (28) and the lower air inlet and outlet (29) is equal, and the gas cannot enter a heat exchanger (32) of the heat exchange unit; the controller (8) monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1) in real time through the nitrogen sensor (20), the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin (1)2％；
The airflow circulation path under the airflow external circulation working mode is as follows:
air outside the sealed cabin (1) → an air filter (13) → a five-way through valve → a bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) regulates speed and exhausts air downwards → an air dehumidifier (12) → a lower airflow control group (16) → the sealed cabin (1) interior → an upper airflow control group (17) → a three-way valve → a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) → an oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and an oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) → a pressure-reducing exhaust valve (3), and arrows indicate the flowing direction of the air flow;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) when the door (11) of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller (8) detects that the internal pressure and the external pressure of the sealed cabin (1) are equal through the air pressure difference sensor (19), namely PNO＝PNiAt the moment, the controller (8) controls the decompression exhaust valve (3) to be opened, and the gas of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit is emptied; at this time, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is generated by the action of the gas check valve (21) of the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)OXMaintaining the maximum pressure P of the gas in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)Oi_maxPressure equalisation at the moment, i.e. POX＝POi_maxSupplying oxygen to the staff;
2) when the door (11) of the sealed cabin is in a closed state
When the controller (8) monitors that the cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin is closed, the controller (8) controls the bidirectional speed regulating fan (14) to exhaust, gas outside the sealed cabin (1) is filtered by the air filter (13) and dehumidified by the air dehumidifier (12), air is introduced into the sealed cabin (1), the air density in the sealed cabin (1) is improved, and the oxygen content is reduced; due to the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) of the oxygen-enriched preparation unitOiIs the atmospheric pressure P of the environmentNOI.e. POi＝PNOThe pressure P of the air entering the sealed cabin (1)NiIs greater than the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiI.e. POi<PNiThe air pressed in the sealed cabin (1) passes through a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit to isolate and retain nitrogen in the sealed cabin (1), and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag (2);
3) air flow external circulation and air flow internal circulation working mode conversion
When the controller (8) monitors the pressure alpha P in the sealed cabin (1)NO≤PNi≤100KPaAnd nitrogen content N2When the oxygen content in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is more than or equal to 86 percent, the oxygen content is increased to O2Not less than 29 percent, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiRespectively less than or equal to the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)NiAnd a pressure limiting threshold value P of the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3)βI.e. Pβ>POi≤PNi(ii) a At the moment, the control airflow external circulation working mode is switched to the airflow internal circulation working modeIn the mode, a through valve (31) in the five-through valve is closed, and gas in the sealed cabin (1) exchanges heat through a heat exchange unit;
the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiIs greater than the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)OXWhen is at POi>POXThe oxygen-enriched air is automatically compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) to keep the gas pressure alpha P of the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)NO≤POX≤100KPa；
Wherein, N2Is nitrogen; o is2Is oxygen; pOiIs the pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin (1); pβIs the pressure limiting threshold of the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3); alpha is the air density ratio coefficient; w is a group ofavgIs the average temperature detected by the temperature sensor; p isOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22); w is a group ofSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment (18); pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); pNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin (1) is located;
the control process in the air flow internal circulation working mode is as follows:
the controller (8) controls the three-way valve to switch, disconnects the airflow channels of the upper control airflow group (17) and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), and connects the airflow channels of the upper control airflow group (17) and the lower control airflow group (16) through the three-way valve, the five-way through valve, the two-way speed regulating fan (14), the air dehumidifier (12) and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device; closing an air inlet channel of the air filter (13) and a through valve (31) in the five-through valve to ensure that the gas in the sealed cabin (1) exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit; the controller (8) monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1) in real time through the nitrogen sensor (20), the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin (1)2％；
The control process of the heat absorption mode and the heat release mode of the electrical equipment (18) in the air flow internal circulation working mode is as follows:
1) when the heat absorption mode of the electrical equipment (18) is executed, the controller (8) monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzIs not less than the upper limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18)SUCoefficient delta to heat exchange upper limituProduct of (i), i.e. Wxyz≥δuWsuDuring the operation, the controller (8) is controlled according to the upper limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18)SUTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxy,Klxy,PdffFR, H%), controlling the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) to regulate the speed upwards and exhaust, and opening one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located in the upper control airflow group (17)uxyThe gas is discharged, and one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment (18) with the temperature measuring point in the lower control airflow group (16) are openedlxySucking in gas; the gas is subjected to heat exchange by a dehumidification and heat exchange unit of an air dehumidifier (12), and at the moment, the temperature is WxyzDirectional convection air from top to bottom is generated around the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located, so that the disturbance heat dissipation of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment (18) is reduced;
the airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) exhausts air upwards → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the three-way valve → the upper airflow control group (17) → heat absorption in the sealed cabin (1) → the lower airflow control group (16) → the air dehumidifier (12) → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), and arrows indicate airflow flowing directions;
2) when the heat release of the electrical equipment (18) is executed, the controller (8) monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzLess than or equal to the lower limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18)SlCoefficient delta of lower limit of heat exchangelProduct of (i.e. W)xyz≤δlWslThe controller (8) is controlled according to the lower limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18)SlTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxy,Klxy,PdffFR, H%), controlling a bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) to regulate the speed of the fan to exhaust air downwards, dehumidifying air in a heat exchanger (32) in a heat exchange unit through an air dehumidifier (12), and opening one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located in a lower control airflow set (16)lxyThe gas is discharged, and one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment (18) with the temperature measuring point in the upper control airflow group (17) are openeduxySucking gas in; at this time, at a temperature WxyzDirectional convection air from bottom to top is generated around the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located, so that the disturbance heat release of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment (18) is increased;
the airflow circulation path is as follows: the speed-regulating air blower (14) regulates speed to exhaust air downwards → the air dehumidifier (12) → the lower air flow control group (16) → heat release in the sealed cabin (1) → the upper air flow control group (17) → the three-way valve → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the two-way speed-regulating air blower (14), and an arrow indicates the air flow direction;
for temperature W without shielding other electrical equipment (18)xyzWhen the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located exchanges heat, the controller (8) sequentially opens the air inlet and outlet valves K of the upper control airflow group (17) above the electrical equipment (18)uxyAnd the air inlet and outlet valves K of the lower control airflow group (16)lxyThe sequence is as follows:
opening a first air inlet and exhaust valve K of an upper control airflow group (17)U43And a first air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L31Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located1；
Opening a second air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)U42And a second air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L32Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located2；
Thirdly, opening a third air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)U41And a third air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L33Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located3；
Fourthly, opening a fourth air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper air control flow group (17)U33And a fourth air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L41Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located4；
Fifth air inlet and exhaust valve K of upper control airflow group (17) is openedU32And a fifth inlet/outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L42Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located5；
Sixthly air inlet and exhaust valve K for opening upper control air flow (17) groupU31And a sixth inlet/outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L43Generating a passing temperature WxyzOf the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located6；
3) Air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation working mode conversion
When the controller (8) monitors the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)Ni<αPNONitrogen content N2<86 percent and the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiGreater than or equal to the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)NiI.e. POi≥PNiWhen in use, the controller (8) converts the air flow internal circulation working mode into the air flow external circulation working mode, and simultaneously the controller (8) controls the decompression exhaust valve (3) of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to exhaust air so as to ensure the air pressure P of the sealed cabin (1)NiIs greater than the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiWith a pressure-temperature control coefficient λ, i.e. PNi>λPOi(ii) a At this time, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)OXEqual to the maximum pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)Oi_maxI.e. POX＝POi_max；
Wherein, WxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of an upper control airflow group (17), a lower control airflow group (16) and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) are more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; wSlA lower limit for the operating temperature of the electrical equipment (18); wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment (18); deltauIs the upper limit coefficient of heat transfer, 0<δu≤1；δlIs a heat exchange lower limit coefficient of 0<δl≤1；N2Is nitrogen; p isNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; pOiIs the internal pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); p isOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22); p isNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin (1) is located; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin (1); FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; p isOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); λ is the pressure temperature control coefficient according toAccording to the average temperature W detected by the temperature sensoravgPressure ratio coefficient PλCorrelation function f (W) between temperature measurement point and temperature controlxyz,Kuxy,Klxy,PdffH%) to yield: λ ═ Warg·Pλ·f(Wxyz,Kuxy,Klxy,Pdff,H％)；
In the volume V of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiVolume V of oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)OXAnd the volume V of the sealed cabin (1)NiAt a certain time, the nitrogen content N in the sealed cabin (1)2% depends on the pressure ratio coefficient PλPressure ratio coefficient PλIs the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiWith the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)NiThe product of the ratio of the nitrogen to the oxygen separation efficiency eta% of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), i.e.
Figure FDA0003594037440000111
Pressure ratio coefficient PλThe larger the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin (1), the faster the heat exchange speed, and conversely, the lower the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin (1), the slower the heat exchange speed.
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