CN111755642A - Phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high-altitude area - Google Patents

Phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high-altitude area Download PDF

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CN111755642A
CN111755642A CN202010574467.2A CN202010574467A CN111755642A CN 111755642 A CN111755642 A CN 111755642A CN 202010574467 A CN202010574467 A CN 202010574467A CN 111755642 A CN111755642 A CN 111755642A
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air
oxygen
sealed cabin
pressure
valve
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CN111755642B (en
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王哲
赵勇
陈卓
国建鸿
杨子龙
王一波
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6562—Gases with free flow by convection only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/80—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

A phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high altitude areas comprises a sealed cabin, an oxygen enrichment preparation unit, a bidirectional airflow control unit, a heat exchange unit, an airflow control unit, a temperature sensor and a controller. The sealed cabin is a heat-insulating, waterproof, airtight and pressure-bearing cabin body. The bidirectional airflow control unit is arranged at a corner of the bottom in the sealed cabin; the control airflow units are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in the sealed cabin; the heat exchange unit is arranged outside the sealed cabin, and gas in the sealed cabin exchanges heat with a water body or a phase change material through the heat exchanger; the oxygen-enriched preparation units except the oxygen-enriched air bag are all arranged on one side, close to the edge, of the top in the sealed cabin; the temperature sensors are distributed on the electrical equipment in the sealed cabin; the controller is embedded in the door of the sealed cabin and receives sensor data and equipment control. Through technologies such as compressed air, phase-change material heat exchange, membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, directional temperature control, dustproof, fire prevention, improvement heat exchange efficiency, electrical equipment does not have derating work.

Description

Phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high-altitude area
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sealed cabin.
Background
It is known that in high altitude areas, air is thin, the air density is smaller, the atmospheric pressure is reduced, the air viscosity coefficient is increased, the number of air molecules is reduced, the molecular touch is reduced, and the convective heat transfer capacity of air is reduced.
The altitude is 1000 m higher, the air temperature is reduced by about 6.5 ℃, and the atmospheric pressure is reduced by about 11 KPa. At the height of 5000m, the oxygen content and the atmospheric pressure of the atmosphere are both about 60 percent of those of plain areas, the heat release coefficient is reduced by 21 percent compared with the value on the sea level, the heat transferred by convective heat transfer is also reduced by 21 percent, and the temperature rise of products is increased.
According to the Barson's law, the dielectric strength of the medium changes into a concave curve along with the air pressure, namely, under the atmospheric environment, the higher the altitude or the lower the air pressure, the lower the dielectric strength, and the flashover distance of the direct current and the alternating current electric arcs increases along with the increase of the altitude or the reduction of the air pressure.
"normal and special use conditions" in the national standard GB11022 "functional technical requirements of high-voltage switchgear and control equipment standards", wherein a height above sea level of more than 1000 meters is a special use condition. The national standard GBT3859.1-2013, 5.3.1.4, states that "if operating at a site over 1000 meters altitude, the capacity of the equipment should be de-rated", the de-rated use of the equipment would result in increased manufacturing and application costs, expenses.
High altitude areas typically employ containers or house electrical equipment indoors. The space of container is little, and electrical equipment installation density is high, therefore the heat transfer becomes one of the key point of guaranteeing the reliable work of electrical equipment, along with the increase of height above sea level, air density further reduces, and air compression, heat exchange efficiency greatly reduced, quick effectual heat transfer seem especially important. And because the day and night temperature difference in high-altitude areas is large, the air in the container expands in the daytime to exhaust the air, and contracts at night to absorb dust and moist air, so that the insulation degree of the electrical equipment is reduced, which is a great potential safety hazard, and dust prevention also becomes one of the key points for ensuring the reliable operation of the electrical equipment.
At present, air conditioners or fans are mostly adopted to exhaust air in a scattered mode to form air convection, and due to the fact that air flow is blocked due to the arrangement mode of electrical equipment, temperature of all electrical equipment needing heat exchange cannot be controlled uniformly and effectively. Along with the increase of the placing density of the electrical equipment, the effective heat exchange possibility is greatly reduced. Especially, the air conditioner temperature control is to control the temperature of all electrical equipment parts in the box, and the electrical equipment parts which do not need temperature control consume energy, so that the waste of temperature control power consumption is caused. Meanwhile, long-time mechanical rotation of the air conditioner motor leads to reduction in service life, dust pollution leads to reduction in insulation degree, and fire may accompany.
In recent years, new energy technology has emerged to promote the rapid development of energy storage technology, and a large-scale battery energy storage cabinet is one of typical applications. However, the fire and explosion of the energy storage battery cabinet mostly occur at the alarm end, and besides the reasons of the battery, the energy storage battery cabinet also has the reasons of poor temperature control effect, reduced insulation strength due to dust accumulation, satisfaction of the environment of combustion air and the like. And several at present counter measures, like container formula energy storage automatic fire extinguishing system, adopt detection device such as sensor to detect temperature, smoke and just take fire control measure control condition after accidents such as burning take place, mostly passive fire control system measures after the fact, have caused certain loss of property this moment. Therefore, an active fire protection system is needed to solve the problem of safety protection of the energy storage system and reduce or avoid the occurrence of fire accidents.
The electric equipment sealed cabin system suitable for the high-altitude area is provided for reducing the use cost of electric equipment in the high-altitude area, preventing dust and fire, improving the installation density of the electric equipment and providing necessary oxygen-enriched air for workers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a phase change heat exchange electric equipment sealed cabin system for a high-altitude area in order to reduce the use cost of electric equipment in the high-altitude area, prevent dust and fire, improve the installation density of the electric equipment and provide necessary oxygen-enriched air for workers.
In order to quickly improve the air density of a sealed cabin, reduce the oxygen content and accurately and efficiently exchange heat for electrical equipment, the invention adopts an air compression technology, a directional temperature control technology, a sensible heat or latent heat exchange technology and a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation technology:
according to the invention, air is pressed into the sealed cabin based on the air compressor, so that a positive pressure air environment is formed in the sealed cabin, the air pressure is controlled between 80KPa and 100KPa, and the air density in the sealed cabin is improved.
The invention is based on the Barson's law: gas insulation breakdown voltage UfPressure P with gasaFunctional relationship with product of electrode gap d: u shapef＝f(PαD), U for non-constant air temperaturefF (α × d), α is the relative density of the gas, and by increasing the air density to a certain degree, the gas insulation breakdown voltage U is increasedf。
Based on the principle that air flows from high air pressure to low air pressure, the invention quickly disturbs local air flow at a certain position in the sealed cabin by changing the difference between the upper air pressure and the lower air pressure at the position, changes the traditional method for comprehensively exchanging heat in the sealed cabin, realizes local directional heat exchange and reduces the heat exchange cost. The directional heat exchange is to restrict the airflow to only flow on the heat-exchanged electrical equipment by controlling the path and the direction of the airflow so as to perform directional heat exchange on the electrical equipment.
Based on sensible heat or latent heat exchange technology, the invention utilizes the characteristics of large specific heat capacity of water body of 4.2 multiplied by 103J/(kg ℃) and variable heat storage of phase-change material, adopts the heat exchanger to exchange heat with gas in the sealed cabin through the water body or the phase-change material, and ensures that the electrical equipment of the sealed cabin works in an ideal state.
The invention adopts membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation technology to separate nitrogen and oxygen based on the relation between the air pressure of compressed air in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the ambient pressure and the compressed air pressure of the sealed cabin and the relation between the pressure difference between the oxygen-enriched air bag inside and outside the sealed cabin. The molecular size of oxygen is 2.8 multiplied by 3.9, compared with the molecular size of nitrogen being 3.0 multiplied by 4.1, the diffusion rate of oxygen in a polymer membrane is larger than that of nitrogen, when the air compressed in the sealed cabin passes through the polymer membrane arranged between the sealed cabin and the oxygen-enriched air bag, most of nitrogen is isolated in the sealed cabin, and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle. The proportion of 78 percent of nitrogen to 21 percent of oxygen in the sealed cabin is controlled within the range of 86 percent of nitrogen and 14 percent of oxygen, so that the content of oxygen in the air in the sealed cabin is reduced, the sealed cabin has no combustion condition, and the fire disaster is avoided. Meanwhile, oxygen-enriched air obtained in the oxygen-enriched air bag can supply oxygen for people.
The invention can ensure that the electrical equipment applied at low altitude can work normally in the sealed cabin at high altitude, and meanwhile, the invention can prevent fire, dust and water.
The invention relates to a phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for a high altitude area, which consists of a sealed cabin, an oxygen enrichment preparation unit, a bidirectional airflow control unit, a heat exchange unit, an airflow control unit, a sensor group and a controller.
The sealed cabin is heat-insulating, waterproof, airtight and pressure-bearing and can be horizontally installed according to the geographic environment.
The bidirectional airflow control unit is arranged at a corner of the bottom in the sealed cabin and is respectively connected with the upper air inlet and the lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit and the airflow control unit.
The control airflow unit is divided into an upper control airflow group and a lower control airflow group which are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in the sealed cabin.
The heat exchange unit is arranged outside the sealed cabin and close to the sealed cabin, such as below the outside of the sealed cabin. And the gas in the sealed cabin enters the heat exchanger soaked in the water body or the phase-change material through the upper gas inlet and the lower gas inlet of the heat exchange unit for circulating heat exchange, so that the temperature of the electrical equipment in the sealed cabin is regulated.
Except that the oxygen-enriched air bag is arranged at the top outside the sealed cabin, other components are arranged at one side of the top in the sealed cabin, which is close to the edge of the top, and the oxygen-enriched air bag is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin and is arranged in a high-altitude environment.
The sensor group is respectively arranged on the top in the sealed cabin and the electrical equipment and is connected with the controller through a communication line to output sensor data.
The controller is embedded in a cabin door of the sealed cabin and is respectively connected with the sensor, the bidirectional airflow control unit, the oxygen enrichment preparation unit and equipment for controlling the airflow unit through the data input interface and the data output interface through the communication line and the control line.
The bidirectional airflow control unit consists of a five-way through valve, a bidirectional speed regulating fan, an air filter, an air flow sensor and an air dehumidifier.
The five-way through valve is characterized in that the 1 st channel in the five-way through valve is connected with an outlet of an air filter, and an inlet of the air filter is arranged outside the sealed cabin and used for filtering gas entering the sealed cabin; the 2 nd channel in the five-way through valve is connected with the upper air inlet and outlet of the heat exchange unit, and the lower air inlet and outlet of the heat exchange unit is connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-way through valve; the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with one end of the bidirectional speed regulating fan through a gas pipeline; the 5 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with the 2 nd channel in the three-way valve of the airflow control unit through the gas transmission pipeline; the five-way through valve is also provided with a through valve, when heat exchange is needed through the heat exchanger, the through valve is closed, a pressure difference is formed between an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet of the heat exchange unit, and air flow exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit; when heat exchange is not needed through the heat exchanger, the through valve is opened, so that an upper air inlet and an upper air outlet and a lower air inlet of the heat exchange unit in the five-way through valve are communicated to form equal air pressure, and air flow stops flowing and does not exchange heat with the heat exchange unit.
The upper end of the bidirectional speed regulating fan is connected with the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve through a gas transmission pipeline, and a gas flow sensor is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline; the lower end of the bidirectional speed regulation fan is connected with one end of an air dehumidifier, and the other end of the air dehumidifier is connected with one end of the lower control airflow group. Wherein, the data output end of the gas flow sensor is connected with the controller through a data line. The controller monitors the airflow direction and flow of the bidirectional speed regulation fan through the gas flow sensor, and controls the exhaust direction and flow of the bidirectional speed regulation fan according to the simulation function of the system.
The heat exchange unit consists of a heat exchanger and a heat exchange water body or a phase change material. The heat exchange water body or the phase change material is placed in the heat insulation tank body. The heat exchanger is soaked in the heat exchange water body or the phase change material. The heat exchanger is provided with two ports of an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet, the upper air inlet is connected with the 2 nd channel in the five-way through valve, and the lower air inlet and outlet is connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-way through valve; the temperature of the gas in the sealed cabin is adjusted through the heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the heat exchange water body or the phase change material.
When hot air flows for heat exchange, hot air flows through the lower air inlet and the lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit to enter, heat is exchanged with a heat exchange water body or a phase change material through the heat exchanger, exchanged cold air flow is discharged from the upper air outlet of the heat exchange unit, and air convection from top to bottom is formed in the sealed cabin.
When cold air flows for heat exchange, cold air enters through the upper air inlet and the lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit, heat is exchanged between the heat exchanger and a heat exchange water body or a phase-change material, exchanged hot air flows are discharged from the lower air inlet and the lower air outlet of the heat exchange unit, air convection from bottom to top is formed in the sealed cabin, and heat exchange between the sealed cabin and the heat exchange unit is achieved.
The oxygen-enriched preparation unit consists of an oxygen-enriched air bag, a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, an oxygen-enriched air bottle, an oxygen-enriched air output pipeline and a pressure-reducing exhaust valve. The oxygen-enriched air bag has a heat preservation function, is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin and is arranged in a high-altitude environment. The oxygen-enriched air bottle is arranged at one side close to the top in the sealed cabin, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged at two ends of the oxygen-enriched air bottle, and an air check valve is arranged in the air inlet. The membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is installed between the top of the sealed cabin and the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag, the upper part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is arranged in the oxygen-enriched air bag, the lower part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is connected with a three-way valve in the control airflow unit, and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device reduces the oxygen content of air in the sealed cabin by utilizing the difference between the compressed air pressure in the sealed cabin and the ambient pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag. The separated oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag and an oxygen-enriched air bottle.
The pressure reducing exhaust valve is installed on the upper part of the oxygen-enriched air bag and exposed to the atmospheric environment, the bottom of the pressure reducing exhaust valve is communicated with the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag, and the control end of the pressure reducing exhaust valve is connected with the controller and is controlled to be opened or closed by the controller and the gas pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag. The oxygen-enriched air output pipeline is laid along one side of the top in the sealed cabin, one end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline is connected with an air outlet at the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag, the other end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline is connected into an air inlet of an oxygen-enriched air bottle at the same side of the top in the sealed cabin, and an air outlet of the oxygen-enriched air bottle is connected with oxygen-enriched exhaust valves which are respectively installed inside and outside a cabin door of the sealed cabin through the oxygen. When the staff needs the oxygen-enriched air, the breathing mask connector is connected with the oxygen-enriched exhaust valve. Because the air inlet of the oxygen-enriched air bottle is internally provided with the air check valve, the air pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle is increased along with the increase of the air pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag, but is not decreased along with the decrease of the air pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag.
The air flow control unit consists of an upper air flow control group, a lower air flow control group, a plurality of air inlet and outlet valves and a three-way valve. Wherein, the three-way valve contains a switching valve K3_1. The 1 st channel of the three-way valve is connected with a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit; the 2 nd channel of the three-way valve is connected with one end of the gas transmission pipeline; the other end of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with the 5 th channel in the five-way through valve, and the gas transmission pipeline is positioned between the five-way through valve and the three-way valve; and the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve is connected with the upper control airflow group.
The upper control airflow group is of a tree-shaped structure, the main pipeline is connected with the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve, and the tail end of each tree-shaped branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KuxyAir inlet and outlet valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelinesuxyAre all hung at the top of the sealed cabin.
The lower control airflow group is of a tree-shaped structure, the main pipeline is connected with one end of the dehumidifier, the other end of the dehumidifier is connected with one end of the bidirectional speed regulation fan, and the tail end of each tree-shaped branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KlxyAir inlet and outlet valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelineslxyAre all paved and installed at the bottom in the sealed cabin.
All air inlet and outlet valves in the airflow control unit are connected with a controller, and the controller controls the opening or closing of the corresponding air outlet valves according to the optimal temperature control range of each piece of electrical equipment in the sealed cabin.
The upper control airflow group is connected with the lower control airflow group through an air pipeline, a five-way through valve, a heat exchange unit, a two-way speed regulation fan and a dehumidifier between the five-way through valve and the three-way valve by switching of the three-way valve. Under the action of the bidirectional speed regulation fan, the gas in the sealed cabin is controlled to pass through the lower control airflow group, the sealed cabin, the upper control airflow group, the three-way valve, the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit and the bidirectional speed regulation fan to the dehumidifier, so that the internal circulation of the airflow is realized.
When the upper control airflow group is connected with the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit through the switching of the three-way valve, under the exhaust action of the bidirectional speed regulation fan, air outside the sealed cabin passes through an air filter, a five-way through valve, the bidirectional speed regulation fan, a dehumidifier and the lower control airflow group in the bidirectional airflow control unit to exchange heat in the sealed cabin, then passes through the upper control airflow group, the three-way valve, the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit, the oxygen enrichment air bag and the oxygen enrichment air bottle, and is exhausted through the pressure reduction exhaust valve, so that the external circulation of the airflow is realized.
Therefore, two working modes of air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation are arranged in the sealed cabin, and the two working modes are realized by switching of the three-way valve.
When the air flow internal circulation working mode is executed, the controller respectively controls the three-way valve K3The switching of the upper control airflow group and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device is carried out by disconnecting the airflow passage of the upper control airflow group and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, closing the input passage of the air filter of the bidirectional airflow control unit, and connecting the upper control airflow group through the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit, the bidirectional speed regulation fan, the dehumidifier and the airflow passage of the lower control airflow groupOne or more exhaust valves K in the upper control airflow groupuxyAnd one or more exhaust valves K in the lower control airflow grouplxyWhen the temperature-regulating fan is opened, the airflow accelerates the gas disturbance to the corresponding area under the action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, so that the temperature of the electrical equipment in the area is regulated.
The air convection path is as follows: the three-way valve → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the two-way speed regulation fan exhausts → the dehumidifier → the lower air flow control group → the sealed cabin → the upper air flow control group → the three-way valve.
When the air flow external circulation working mode is executed, the controller respectively controls the three-way valve K3Switching, namely switching on an airflow passage of the upper control airflow group and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, switching off the airflow passages of the upper control airflow group and the five-through valve, and simultaneously opening an air filter to establish the five-through valve and an air input passage outside the sealed cabin. At the moment, the gas outside the sealed cabin is filtered by an air filter, exhausted by a five-way through valve, a bidirectional speed-regulating fan, a dehumidifier and a lower control airflow group are pressed into the sealed cabin, and then the oxygen-enriched gas is discharged from an upper control airflow group and a three-way valve to a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device.
When all air inlet and exhaust valves K of the upper control airflow groupuxyAnd all air inlet and exhaust valves K of lower control airflow grouplxyWhen the air pressure-regulating valve is opened, under the action of air exhaust of bidirectional speed-regulating fan the air outside the sealed cabin can be quickly pressed into the sealed cabin, and under the control of controller the pressure in the sealed cabin can be respectively maintained at α PNO～100KPaIn the range, α is the air density ratio coefficient, PNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the sealed cabin is located, and the nitrogen content N2More than or equal to 86 percent, and simultaneously oxygen-enriched air is obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle.
The air convection path is as follows: air outside the sealed cabin → an air filter → a five-way through valve → a bidirectional speed-regulating fan exhausts air downwards → an air dehumidifier → a lower air flow control group → inside the sealed cabin → an upper air flow control group → a three-way valve → a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device → an oxygen-enriched air bag and an oxygen-enriched air bottle → a pressure-reducing exhaust valve.
Therefore, the gas density is improved, the oxygen concentration in the sealed cabin is reduced, and oxygen-enriched air is obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle.
The sensor group comprises a temperature sensor, a gas pressure difference sensor and a nitrogen sensor. The temperature sensors are arranged on key heat exchange monitoring points of each electrical device according to the attributes and the placement positions of the electrical devices in the sealed cabin, and the data output end of each temperature sensor is connected with the controller through a data line. The air pressure difference sensor and the nitrogen sensor are arranged at the center of the top of the sealed cabin, the data output end of the air pressure difference sensor and the data output end of the nitrogen sensor are connected with the controller through communication lines, and the change of the air pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealed cabin and the content of humidity and nitrogen are monitored. Wherein the nitrogen gas sensor comprises a humidity sensor. The controller is composed of a CPU. The input interface of the controller is connected with all the sensor output ports through data lines, and the output interface of the controller is connected with all the valves, the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, the five-way through valve, the three-way valve, the air filter and the air dehumidifier through control lines.
The control process of the controller on the electrical equipment sealed cabin system is as follows:
1) establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
According to the placing position of the electrical equipment, the position coordinates of the heat exchange monitoring point and the pressure difference P between the inside of the sealed cabin and the oxygen-enriched air bagdffEstablishing a correlation function between temperature measurement points and temperature control according to the flow velocity FR and the humidity H percent of the air flow: f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)。
2) Control process in air flow external circulation working mode
Firstly, when the cabin door of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller detects PNO＝PNiAnd when the air bag is used, the pressure-reducing exhaust valve is controlled to exhaust the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag.
② when the sealing cabin door is in the closing state
When the controller monitors that the cabin door of the sealed cabin is closed, the filter is opened, and an airflow external circulation working mode is executed; due to POi＜PNiThe air in the sealed cabin realizes the nitrogen-oxygen separation through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, and the nitrogen is kept in a sealed stateIn the capsule, the oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag.
Thirdly, the working mode of the air flow external circulation and the air flow internal circulation is switched
When the controller monitors N in the sealed cabin2> 86% and α PNO≤PNi≤100KPaPressure P in oxygen-enriched air bagβ＞POi≤PNiAnd at the moment, the controller executes an airflow internal circulation working mode to exchange heat for the electrical equipment.
3) Control process in air flow internal circulation working mode
Directional heat exchange for electric equipment
The heat absorption mode and the heat release mode of the electrical equipment in the air flow internal circulation working mode are as follows:
Figure BDA0002550829800000071
heat absorption mode
The controller monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≥uWsuAccording to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the air intake and exhaust valve corresponding to the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located, and controlling the airflow to be at the temperature W under the action of pressure after the gas is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzThe electric equipment where the temperature measuring point is positioned generates directional convection air from top to bottom to realize the temperature WxyzAnd the electric equipment where the temperature measuring point is located absorbs heat.
Figure BDA0002550829800000072
Exothermic mode
The controller monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≤lWslAccording to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the air intake and exhaust valve corresponding to the electric equipment where the temperature measuring point is located, and controlling the air to flow at W under the action of pressure after the air is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzTemperature point generation on electrical equipmentConvection air from bottom to top is oriented to realize temperature WxyzThe directional heat release of the temperature measuring point.
Second, the working modes of the air flow internal circulation and the air flow external circulation are switched
Pressure α P in the sealed cabinNO≤PNi≤100KPa、POi＜PNiAnd when the air flow internal circulation working mode is switched to the air flow external circulation working mode.
When the pressure P in the sealed cabinNi＜αPNOWhile reducing pressure and exhausting the air to ensure that P isNi＞λPOiAnd the efficient execution of the airflow external circulation working mode is ensured.
The directional heat exchange is to control the path and direction of the airflow to restrict the airflow to only flow on the heat-exchanged electrical equipment, so as to perform directional heat exchange on the electrical equipment.
Wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit;u0 < the upper limit coefficient of heat transferu≤1；lThe lower limit coefficient of heat exchange is 0 <l≤1；WxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the upper and lower control airflow groups and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) are more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyThe air inlet and exhaust valve is an upper control airflow group; klxyAir intake and exhaust valves of lower control airflow set α is air density ratio coefficientdffThe pressure difference between the inside of the sealed cabin and the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag is adopted; wSlThe lower limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment; wSUThe upper limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment; pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin; pNmaxThe upper limit value of the pressure in the sealed cabin; pβA pressure limiting threshold value for the pressure reducing exhaust valve; pOiThe pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag; pOXThe pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle; pNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment in which the capsule is located.
The control process of the controller on the sealed cabin system of the invention is concretely as follows:
1. establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
And installing a temperature sensor according to the placing position of the electrical equipment in the sealed cabin and the position coordinates of the heat exchange monitoring point of the electrical equipment. Air inlet and exhaust valve K for establishing each temperature measuring point and upper control airflow groupuxyAnd an air inlet and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow grouplxyBy correlating against the pressure P in the capsuleNiWith the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiDifference P ofdff＝PNi-POiAnd simulating gas heat exchange of the heat exchange monitoring points of the electrical equipment by the flow velocity FR and the humidity H% of the gas flow to obtain a temperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)。
The controller monitors all sensor data in real time and controls the nitrogen content N in the sealed cabin according to the data2Percentage, pressure sensor PNiGas flow rate sensor FR, temperature W of each temperature sensorxyzAnd pressure P in the oxygen-enriched gas bagOiAnd making a corresponding control strategy.
Wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; wxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of an upper control airflow group, a lower control airflow group and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) are more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyThe air inlet and exhaust valve is an upper control airflow group; klxyAn air inlet and exhaust valve for the lower control airflow group; pdffIs the pressure difference between the inside of the sealed cabin and the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag.
2. Control process in air flow external circulation working mode
The controller controls a switching valve in the three-way valve, switches on an airflow passage of the upper control airflow set and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device, and switches off the airflow passage of the upper control airflow set through the three-way valve, the bidirectional speed regulating fan, the air dehumidifier and the lower control airflow set, at the moment, because the five-way through valve is in an open state, the upper air inlet and outlet and the lower air inlet and outlet of the heat exchange unit are communicated, so that the upper air inlet and outlet and the lower air inlet and outlet are communicated, andand the pressure of the gas between the lower gas inlet and the lower gas outlet is equal, so that the gas cannot enter the heat exchanger of the heat exchange unit. The controller monitors and analyzes the gas pressure P in the sealed cabin in real time through the nitrogen sensor, the air pressure difference sensor and the temperature sensorNiGas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin2％。
The airflow circulation path under the airflow external circulation working mode is as follows: air outside the sealed cabin → an air filter → a five-way through valve → a two-way speed regulation fan speed regulation exhaust → an air dehumidifier → a lower air flow control group → inside the sealed cabin → an upper air flow control group → a three-way valve → a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device → an oxygen-enriched air bag and an oxygen-enriched air bottle → a pressure reduction exhaust valve, and an arrow indicates the air flow direction.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) when the door of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller detects that the internal pressure and the external pressure of the sealed cabin are equal through the air pressure difference sensor, namely PNO＝PNiAnd at the moment, the controller controls the decompression exhaust valve to be opened to evacuate the gas in the oxygen-enriched air bag of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit. At the moment, due to the action of the gas check valve of the oxygen-enriched air bottle, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottleOXMaintaining the maximum pressure P of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air bagOi_maxPressure equalisation at the moment, i.e. POX＝POi_maxAnd oxygen is supplied to workers.
2) When the door of the sealed cabin is in a closed state
When the controller monitors that the cabin door of the sealed cabin is closed, the controller controls the bidirectional speed regulating fan to exhaust, gas outside the sealed cabin is filtered by the air filter and dehumidified by the air dehumidifier, and air is pressed into the sealed cabin, so that the air density in the sealed cabin is improved, and the oxygen content in the sealed cabin is reduced. Due to the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag of the oxygen-enriched preparation unitOiIs the atmospheric pressure P of the environmentNOI.e. POi＝PNOThe pressure P of the gas introduced into the sealed cabinNiGreater than the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bagOiI.e. POi＜PNiThe air introduced into the sealed cabin passes through the air bagThe membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of the oxygen preparation unit keeps nitrogen in a sealed cabin in an isolated mode, and oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag.
3) Air flow external circulation and air flow internal circulation working mode conversion
When the controller detects that the pressure in the sealed cabin is α PNO≤PNi≤100KPaAnd nitrogen content N2When the oxygen content in the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle is more than or equal to 86 percent, the oxygen content in the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle is increased to O2Not less than 29 percent, the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiRespectively less than or equal to the gas pressure P in the sealed cabinNiAnd pressure limiting threshold value P of pressure reducing exhaust valveβI.e. Pβ＞POi≤PNi. At the moment, the air flow external circulation working mode is controlled to be switched to the air flow internal circulation working mode, the through valve in the five-through valve is closed, and the gas in the sealed cabin exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit.
Oxygen-enriched air bag gas pressure POiIs greater than the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottleOXWhen is, i.e. POi＞POXThe oxygen-enriched air is automatically compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bottle, and the gas pressure α P of the oxygen-enriched air bottle is maintainedNO≤POX≤100KPa。
Wherein N is2Is nitrogen; o is2Is oxygen; pOiThe internal pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag; pNiPressure in the sealed chamber, α air density ratio coefficient, PβIs a pressure limiting threshold of the pressure reducing exhaust valve; wavgThe average temperature detected by the temperature sensor at the temperature measuring point; pOXThe pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle; pNOThe atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin is located; wSUThe upper limit temperature of the electrical equipment; pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag gas.
Therefore, the gas density in the sealed cabin is improved, the oxygen content in the sealed cabin is reduced, and simultaneously oxygen-enriched air is obtained in the oxygen-enriched air bag and the oxygen-enriched air bottle.
3. Control process in air flow internal circulation working mode
The controller controls the three-way valve to switch and disconnectAnd the air flow channels of the air control flow group and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device are communicated with the air flow channels of the upper air control flow group, the five-way through valve, the two-way speed regulation fan, the air dehumidifier and the lower air control flow group, and the through valve in the filter air inlet channel and the five-way through valve are closed, so that the air in the sealed cabin exchanges heat through the heat exchanger in the heat exchange unit. The controller monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin in real time through the nitrogen sensor, the air pressure difference sensor and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin2％。
Under the air current inner loop mode of operation, there are two kinds of modes of heat absorption and heat release to electrical equipment:
1) when the heat absorption working mode of the electrical equipment is executed, the controller monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzThe upper limit value W is larger than or equal to the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSUUpper limit coefficient of heat transferuProduct of (i), i.e. Wxyz≥uWsuThe controller is based on the upper limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSUTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), the controller controls the bi-directional speed-regulating fan to regulate speed and exhaust upwards, opens one or more air inlet and exhaust valves corresponding to the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located in the upper control airflow set to exhaust the gas, opens one or more air inlet and exhaust valves corresponding to the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located in the lower control airflow set to suck the gas, and exchanges heat with the gas through the air dehumidifier dehumidification and heat exchange unit. At this time, at a temperature WxyzDirectional heat exchange convection air from top to bottom is generated around the electrical equipment at the temperature measuring point, so that the disturbance heat dissipation of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment is reduced.
The airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan exhausts air upwards → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the three-way valve → the upper air flow control group → the sealed cabin absorbs heat → the lower air flow control group → the air dehumidifier → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, and an arrow indicates the air flow direction.
2) When the heat release working mode of the electrical equipment is executed, the controller monitors a certain modeTemperature W of a temperature measuring pointxyzLower limit value W less than or equal to working temperature of electrical equipmentSlLower limit coefficient of heat exchangelProduct of (i), i.e. Wxyz≤lWslThe controller is based on the lower limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSlTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) and air heat convection principle, the heat exchange gas in the heat exchange unit is dehumidified by an air dehumidifier by controlling the speed regulation of a bidirectional speed regulation fan to exhaust downwards, one or more air inlet and exhaust valves corresponding to the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located in a lower control airflow set are opened to exhaust the gas, one or more air inlet and exhaust valves corresponding to the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located in an upper control airflow set are opened to suck the gas, and at the moment, the temperature W is measuredxyzThe directional heat exchange convection air from bottom to top is generated around the electrical equipment where the temperature measuring point is located, so that the disturbance heat release of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment is improved.
The airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan regulates speed and exhausts air downwards → the air dehumidifier → the lower air flow control group → heat release in the sealed cabin → the upper air flow control group → the three-way valve → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan, and an arrow indicates the air flow direction.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: for temperature W without shielding by other electrical equipmentxyzWhen the electrical equipment at which the temperature measuring point is located exchanges heat, the controller sequentially opens the air inlet and outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group above the electrical equipmentuxyAnd a lower control airflow group air inlet and outlet valve KLxyThe sequence is as follows:
① opening the first inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow groupU43And a first air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL31Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of electrical equipment where temperature measuring point is located1；
② opening the second inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow groupU42And a second air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL32Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of electrical equipment where temperature measuring point is located2；
③ open upper controlThird air inlet and outlet valve K of airflow groupU41And a third air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL33Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of electrical equipment where temperature measuring point is located3；
④ opening the fourth inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow groupU33And a fourth air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL41Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of electrical equipment where temperature measuring point is located4；
⑤ opening the fifth inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow groupU32And a fifth air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL42Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of electrical equipment where temperature measuring point is located5；
⑥ opening the sixth inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow groupU31And a sixth air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow groupL43Generating a passing temperature WxyzAir flow Q of electrical equipment where temperature measuring point is located6。
3) Air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation working mode conversion
When the controller monitors the pressure P in the sealed cabinNi＜αPNONitrogen content N2< 86% and pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiGreater than or equal to the pressure P in the sealed cabinNiI.e. POi≥PNiWhen the air pressure P of the sealed cabin is increased, the controller switches the air flow internal circulation working mode to the air flow external circulation working mode, and simultaneously controls the decompression exhaust valve of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to exhaust air to ensure that the air pressure P of the sealed cabin is increasedNiGreater than the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched gas bagOiMultiplied by a pressure-temperature control coefficient λ, i.e. PNi＞λPOi. At this time, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottleOXEqual to the maximum pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOi_maxI.e. POX＝POi_max。
Therefore, the efficient execution of the air flow external circulation working mode can be ensured, the pressure of the air in the sealed cabin is synchronously improved, the air density is increased, the oxygen content is reduced, and the accurate temperature control is ensured.
Wherein, WxyzX, y, z are temperatures measured by a temperature sensor at a temperature measuring pointRepresenting the position coordinates of the upper control airflow group, the lower control airflow group and the temperature sensor, wherein (x, y, z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; wSlThe lower limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment; wSUThe upper limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment; n is a radical of2Is nitrogen; pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin; pOiThe internal pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag; pOXThe pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle; pNOThe atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin is located;u0 < the upper limit coefficient of heat transferu≤1；lThe lower limit coefficient of heat exchange is 0 <lLess than or equal to 1, α is the air density ratio coefficient, H% is the humidity in sealed cabin, FR is the air flow rate of air flow unit, POi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag gas; lambda is a pressure temperature control coefficient according to the average temperature W detected by the temperature sensoravgPressure ratio coefficient PλCorrelation function f (W) of temperature measurement point and temperature controlxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffH%) to yield λ ═ Warg·Pλ·f(Wxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,H％)。
In the volume V of the oxygen-enriched air bagOiVolume V of oxygen-enriched air bottleOXAnd the volume V of the sealed cabinNiAt a certain time, the nitrogen content N in the sealed cabin2% depending on the pressure ratio coefficient PλPressure ratio coefficient PλIs the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bagOiWith the pressure P in the capsuleNiThe product of the ratio and the nitrogen-oxygen separation efficiency of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of η percent, i.e.
Figure BDA0002550829800000121
Pressure ratio coefficient PλThe larger the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin, the faster the heat exchange speed, and conversely, the lower the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin, the slower the heat exchange speed.
The sealed cabin system of the invention has the following characteristics:
the sensible heat or latent heat exchange technology is adopted, so that the problem of low air rarefied heat exchange efficiency at high altitude is solved;
optimizing and controlling an exhaust path, and realizing accurate temperature control and energy consumption reduction;
low oxygen content is used to avoid fire;
the sealed cabin works at positive pressure, so that dust is prevented from entering, and the insulating strength is improved;
drying the air, avoiding a reduction in the degree of insulation;
the electric equipment in the high-altitude area can be prevented from derating, and the cost is reduced;
oxygen-enriched air can provide oxygen for high-altitude workers;
the redundancy is high, the compensation capability is strong, and the service life is longer compared with that of an air conditioner and a fan;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sealed cabin system for phase change heat exchange electrical equipment according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the equipment placement of the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a three-way valve structure of the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment capsule system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a five-way valve of the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment capsule system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a control method of the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high altitude areas of the present invention is composed of a sealed cabin 1, a bidirectional airflow control unit, a heat exchange unit, a control airflow unit, an oxygen enrichment preparation unit, a sensor group and a controller 8.
The sealed cabin 1 is heat-insulating, waterproof, airtight and pressure-bearing and can be horizontally installed according to the geographic environment.
The bidirectional airflow control unit is arranged at the bottom corner in the sealed cabin 1 and is respectively connected with an upper air inlet and outlet 28, a lower air inlet and outlet 29 and a control airflow unit of the heat exchange unit.
The control airflow unit is divided into an upper control airflow group 17 and a lower control airflow group 16, and the upper control airflow group 17 and the lower control airflow group 16 are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in the sealed cabin 1.
The heat exchange unit is arranged outside the sealed cabin 1 and close to the sealed cabin 1, and the heat exchange unit shown in figure 1 is arranged outside the sealed cabin 1 and below the bottom of the sealed cabin 1. The gas in the sealed cabin 1 enters a heat exchanger 32 soaked in water or phase-change material 27 through an upper gas inlet 28 and a lower gas inlet 29 of the heat exchange unit for circulating heat exchange, and the temperature of the electrical equipment 18 in the sealed cabin 1 is adjusted.
Except that the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 is arranged at the top outside the sealed cabin 1, other components are arranged at the top in the sealed cabin 1 and on one side close to the edge of the top, and the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin 1 and is arranged in a high-altitude environment.
The sensor group is respectively arranged on the top in the sealed cabin 1 and the electrical equipment 18, is connected with the controller 8 through a communication line and outputs sensor data.
The controller 8 is embedded in a cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin and is respectively connected with all sensors, the bidirectional airflow control unit, the oxygen enrichment preparation unit and equipment for controlling the airflow unit through data input and output interfaces.
The bidirectional airflow control unit shown in fig. 4 is composed of a five-way through valve, a bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, an air filter 13, an air flow sensor 6 and an air dehumidifier 12.
The No. 1 channel in the five-way through valve is connected with the outlet of the air filter 13, and the inlet of the air filter 13 is positioned outside the sealed cabin 1 and filters the gas entering the sealed cabin 1; the 2 nd channel in the five-way through valve is connected with the upper air outlet 28 of the heat exchange unit, and the lower air inlet 29 of the heat exchange unit is connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-way through valve; the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with one end of the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 through a gas transmission pipeline 30; the 5 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with the 2 nd channel in the three-way valve of the airflow control unit through the air transmission pipeline 24; the five-way through valve is also provided with a through valve 31, when heat exchange is needed through a heat exchanger 32, the through valve 31 is closed, a pressure difference is formed between the upper air inlet and outlet 28 and the lower air inlet and outlet 29 of the heat exchange unit, and air flow exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit; when heat exchange is not needed through the heat exchanger 32, the through valve 31 is opened, so that the upper air inlet 28 and the lower air inlet 29 of the heat exchange unit in the five-way through valve are communicated, equal air pressure is formed, and air flow stops flowing and does not exchange heat with the heat exchange unit.
The upper end of the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 is connected with the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve through a gas transmission pipeline 30, and a gas flow sensor 6 is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline; the lower end of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 is connected with one end of the air dehumidifier 12, and the other end of the air dehumidifier 12 is connected with one end of the lower control airflow group 16. Wherein, the data output end of the gas flow sensor 6 is connected with the controller 8 through a data line. The controller 8 monitors the airflow direction and flow of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 through the gas flow sensor 6, and controls the exhaust direction and flow of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 according to the simulation function of the system.
The heat exchange unit consists of a heat exchanger 32 and a heat exchange water body or phase change material 27. The heat exchange water body or the phase-change material 27 is placed in the heat-preservation tank body 33, and the heat exchanger 32 is soaked in the heat exchange water body or the phase-change material 27. The heat exchanger 32 is provided with an upper air outlet 28 and a lower air inlet 29, the upper air outlet 28 is connected with the 2 nd channel in the five-way through valve, and the lower air inlet 29 is connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-way through valve; the gas in the sealed cabin 1 exchanges heat with the heat exchange water body or the phase change material 27 through the heat exchanger 32, and the temperature of the gas in the sealed cabin 1 is adjusted.
When hot air flows for heat exchange, hot air flows through the lower air inlet and outlet 29 of the heat exchange unit to enter, heat is exchanged with a heat exchange water body or a phase change material 27 through the heat exchanger 32, exchanged cold air flow is discharged from the upper air inlet and outlet 28 of the heat exchange unit, and air convection from top to bottom is formed in the sealed cabin 1;
when cold air flows for heat exchange, the cold air enters through the upper air outlet 28 of the heat exchange unit, exchanges heat with a heat exchange water body or a phase change material 27 through the heat exchanger 32, the exchanged hot air flow is discharged through the lower air inlet 29 of the heat exchange unit, air convection from bottom to top is formed in the sealed cabin 1, and heat exchange between the sealed cabin 1 and the heat exchange unit is realized.
The oxygen-enriched preparation unit consists of an oxygen-enriched air bag 2, a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4, an oxygen-enriched air bottle 22, an oxygen-enriched air output pipeline 7 and a pressure-reducing exhaust valve 3. The oxygen-enriched air bag 2 has a heat preservation function, is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin 1 and is arranged in a high-altitude environment. The oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is arranged at one side close to the top in the sealed cabin 1, the two ends of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 are respectively provided with an air inlet 21 and an air outlet 23, and the air inlet 21 is internally provided with an air check valve. The membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 is installed between the top of the sealed cabin 1 and the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, the upper part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 is arranged in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, the lower part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 is connected with a three-way valve for controlling an air flow unit, and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 reduces the oxygen content of air in the sealed cabin 1 by utilizing the pressure of compressed air in the sealed cabin 1 and the ambient pressure difference of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2. The separated oxygen-enriched air is compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22.
The decompression exhaust valve 3 is arranged at the upper part of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and is exposed to the atmospheric environment, the bottom of the decompression exhaust valve 3 is communicated with the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, and the control end of the decompression exhaust valve 3 is connected with the controller 8 and is controlled by the controller 8 and the gas pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 to be opened or closed. An oxygen-enriched air output pipeline 7 is laid along one side of the top in the sealed cabin 1, one end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline 7 is connected with an air outlet 5 at the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, the other end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline 7 is connected with an air inlet 21 of an oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 at the same side of the top in the sealed cabin 1, and an air outlet 23 of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is connected with an oxygen-enriched exhaust valve 9 and an oxygen-enriched exhaust valve 10 outside the door which are respectively installed in a cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin through the oxygen. When the staff needs the oxygen-enriched air, the breathing mask connector is connected with the oxygen-enriched exhaust valve. Because the air inlet 21 of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is internally provided with the air check valve, the air pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is increased along with the increase of the air pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2, but is not decreased along with the decrease of the air pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the control airflow unit consists of an upper control airflow group 17, a lower control airflow group 16 and a three-way valve K3-1And (4) forming. The upper control airflow group 17 is provided with an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve KuxyThe lower control airflow group 16 is provided with an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve Klxy. Wherein, the three-way valve contains a switching valve K3-1. The 1 st channel of the three-way valve is connected with a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit; the 2 nd channel of the three-way valve is connected with one end of a gas pipeline 24; the other end of the gas transmission pipeline 24 is connected with the 5 th channel in the five-way through valve, and the gas transmission pipeline 24 is positioned between the five-way through valve and the three-way valve; the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve is connected with an upper control airflow group 17.
The upper control airflow group 17 is of a tree-shaped structure, the main pipeline 26 is connected with the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve, and the tail end of each tree-shaped branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KuxyAir inlet and outlet valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelinesuxyAre all hung at the top in the sealed cabin 1.
The lower control airflow group 16 is of a tree structure, a main pipeline 25 is connected with one end of the air dehumidifier 12, the other end of the air dehumidifier 12 is connected with one end of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, and the tail end of each tree branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KlxyAir inlet and exhaust valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelineslxyAre laid at the bottom in the sealed cabin 1.
Air inlet and exhaust valve K of upper control airflow group 17 of control airflow unituxyAnd an air inlet and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16lxyAre connected with the controller 8 and control the corresponding air inlet and outlet valve K in the upper control airflow group 17 according to the optimal temperature control range of each electrical device 18 in the sealed cabin 1uxyAnd the corresponding air inlet and exhaust valve K in the lower control airflow group 16lxyOpen or close.
The upper control airflow group 17 passes through a three-way valve K3-1The switching of the air flow is connected with a lower control airflow group 16 through a five-through valve, a heat exchange unit, a bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 and an air dehumidifier 12. Under the action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, the air in the sealed cabin 1 is controlled to pass through the lower air flow control group 16, the sealed cabin 1, the upper air flow control group 17, the three-way valve, the heat exchange unit and the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 to reach the air dehumidifier 12, so that the internal circulation of the air flow is realized.
When the upper control airflow group 17 passes through the three-way valve K3-1Membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device of switching and oxygen-enriched preparation unitThe device 4 is connected, under the exhaust action of the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14, the air outside the sealed cabin 1 passes through the air filter 13 of the bidirectional airflow control unit, the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit, the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14, the air dehumidifier 12, the lower airflow control group 16, the heat exchange in the sealed cabin 1, and then passes through the upper airflow control group 17 and the three-way valve K3-1The membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4, the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit are discharged through the decompression exhaust valve 3, and the air flow external circulation is realized.
Therefore, two working modes of air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation are arranged in the sealed cabin 1 and pass through the three-way valve K3-1Is implemented.
When the air flow internal circulation working mode is executed, the controller 8 respectively controls the three-way valve K3-1The switching of the upper control airflow group 17 and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 is cut off, the input passage of the air filter 13 of the bidirectional airflow control unit is closed, the airflow passages of the upper control airflow group 17, the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit, the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14, the air dehumidifier 12 and the lower control airflow group 16 are connected, and one exhaust valve K in the upper control airflow group 17uxyAnd an exhaust valve K in the lower control airflow group 16lxyWhen the temperature regulating device is opened, the airflow is accelerated under the action of the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 to disturb the gas in the corresponding area, so that the temperature of the electrical equipment 18 in the area is regulated.
The air convection path is as follows: three-way valve K3-1→ five through valve → heat exchange unit → bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 exhaust → air dehumidifier 12 → lower air flow control group 16 → sealed cabin 1 inside → upper air flow control group 17 → three-way valve K3-1。
When the air flow external circulation working mode is executed, the controller 8 controls the three-way valve K3-1The switching of the five-way through valve is to connect the upper control airflow group 17 and the airflow passage of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 and disconnect the upper control airflow group 17 and the airflow passage of the five-way through valve. Simultaneously, the air filter 13 is opened, and a five-way through valve and an air input passage outside the sealed cabin 1 are established. At the moment, the air outside the sealed cabin 1 is filtered by an air filter 13, exhausted by a five-way through valve, a two-way speed regulation fan 14, pressurized by an air dehumidifier 12 and a lower control airflow group 16Enters the sealed cabin 1 and then is discharged with oxygen-enriched gas from the upper control gas flow group 17 and the three-way valve to the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4.
When all the air inlet and exhaust valves K of the upper control airflow group 17uxyAnd all the air inlet and exhaust valves K of the lower control airflow group 16lxyWhen the air pressure-regulating sealed cabin is opened, air outside the sealed cabin 1 is quickly pressed into the sealed cabin 1 under the exhaust action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, and the pressure in the sealed cabin 1 is kept at α P under the control of the controller 8NO～100KPaIn the range, α is the air density ratio coefficient, PNOThe atmospheric pressure of the environment altitude where the sealed cabin 1 is located; nitrogen content N2Not less than 86%, and oxygen-enriched air is obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22.
The air convection path is as follows: air outside the sealed cabin → the five-way through valve → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 for exhausting air → the air filter 13 → the air dehumidifier 12 → the lower air flow control group 16 → inside the sealed cabin 1 → the upper air flow control group 17 → the three-way valve → the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 → the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 → the pressure-reducing exhaust valve 3.
Thereby improving the gas density and reducing the oxygen concentration in the sealed cabin 1, and simultaneously the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 obtain oxygen-enriched air.
The sensor group comprises a temperature sensor, a gas pressure difference sensor 19 and a nitrogen sensor 20; the temperature sensors are arranged on key heat exchange monitoring points of each electrical equipment 18 according to the attributes and the placement positions of the electrical equipment 18 in the sealed cabin 1, and the temperature W measured by the temperature measuring point of each temperature sensorxyzIs connected to the controller 8 via a data line. The air pressure difference sensor 19 and the nitrogen sensor 20 are arranged at the central position of the top of the sealed cabin 1, the data output end of the air pressure difference sensor 19 and the data output end of the nitrogen sensor 20 are connected with the controller 8 through communication cables, and the change of the air pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealed cabin 1, the humidity H percent and the content N of nitrogen are monitored2% of the total weight of the composition. Among them, the nitrogen sensor 20 includes a humidity sensor.
The controller 8 consists of a CPU; the input interface of the controller 8 is connected with each temperature sensor, each air pressure difference sensor 19 and each nitrogen sensor 20 through data linesAn outlet connection; the output interface of the controller 8 is connected with each exhaust valve K in the control airflow unit through a control linexyThe pressure-reducing exhaust valve 3, the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, the five-way through valve, the three-way valve, the air filter 13 and the air dehumidifier 12.
The control process of the controller on the electrical equipment sealed cabin system is as follows:
1) establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
According to the placing position of the electrical equipment 18 in the sealed cabin 1, the position coordinates of the temperature measuring point and the pressure difference P between the inside of the sealed cabin 1 and the oxygen-enriched air bag 2dffAnd establishing a temperature measuring point and temperature control correlation function by using the airflow flow rate FR and the humidity H percent: f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)。
2) Control method under air flow external circulation working mode
Firstly, when the cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller 8 detects PNO＝PNiWhen the air bag is used, the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3 is controlled to exhaust the air of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2.
② when the sealing cabin door 11 is in the closing state
When the controller 8 monitors that the cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin is closed, the air filter 13 is controlled to be opened, and the controller 8 executes an airflow external circulation working mode; due to POi＜PNiAnd the air in the sealed cabin 1 is separated from the nitrogen and the oxygen through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4, the nitrogen is reserved in the sealed cabin 1, and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bag 2.
Thirdly, the working mode of the air flow external circulation and the internal circulation is switched
When the controller 8 monitors N in the sealed cabin 12> 86% and α PNO≤PNi≤100KPaWhile the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2β＞POi≤PNiAt this point, the controller 8 executes an air flow internal circulation mode of operation to exchange heat for the electrical device 18.
3) Control method under internal airflow circulation working mode
18 oriented heat exchange of electrical equipment
The control of the heat absorption mode and the heat release mode of the electrical device 18 in the air flow internal circulation operation mode is as follows
Figure BDA0002550829800000171
Heat absorption mode
The controller 8 monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≥uWsuAccording to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the air inlet and outlet valve corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the electrical equipment 18, and controlling the airflow at the temperature W under the action of the pressure of the gas after heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzThe electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located generates directional convection air from top to bottom to realize the temperature WxyzThe orientation of the electrical device 18 in which the temperature measurement point is located absorbs heat.
Figure BDA0002550829800000172
Exothermic mode
The controller 8 monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≤lWslAccording to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the corresponding air inlet and outlet valves, and controlling the airflow unit to open the corresponding air inlet and outlet valves at the temperature W under the action of the pressure of the gas subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzConvection air oriented from bottom to top is generated on the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is positioned, and the temperature W is measuredxyzThe electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measurement point is located provides heat directionally.
Second, the working modes of the air flow internal circulation and the external circulation are switched
Pressure α P when the sealed cabin 1 is pressurizedNO≤PNi≤100KPa、POi＜PNiAnd when the air flow internal circulation working mode is switched to the air flow external circulation working mode.
When the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1Ni＜αPNOWhile the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3 exhausts to make PNi＞λPOiAnd the execution of the air flow outer circulation working mode is ensured. Wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; wxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the upper and lower control airflow sets and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyTo control a certain exhaust valve of the air flow group 17; klxyAn exhaust valve of the lower control airflow group 16;u0 < the upper limit coefficient of heat transferu≤1；lThe lower limit coefficient of heat exchange is 0 <lNot more than 1, α is the air density ratio coefficient, PdffThe pressure difference between the inside of the sealed cabin and the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag is adopted; wSlA lower limit for the operating temperature of the electrical device 18; wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment 18; pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; pN maxThe upper limit value of the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; pOiThe pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag 2; pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22; pNOThe atmospheric pressure of the environment altitude where the sealed cabin 1 is located; pβIs the pressure limiting threshold of the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3.
The directional heat exchange is to control the path and direction of the airflow to restrict the airflow to only flow on the heat-exchanged electrical equipment, so as to perform directional heat exchange on the electrical equipment.
As shown in fig. 5, the control method of the capsule system of the present invention is specifically as follows:
1. establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
Installing temperature sensors according to the placing position of the electrical equipment 18 in the sealed cabin 1 and the position coordinates of the temperature measuring points of the electrical equipment, and establishing each temperature measuring point measured by the temperature sensors and the air inlet and exhaust valve K of the upper control airflow group 17uxyAnd an air inlet and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16lxyBy the pressure P1 in the capsuleNiWith the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiDifference P ofdff＝PNi-POiSimulating the gas heat exchange of the heat exchange monitoring points of the electrical equipment 18 by the flow velocity FR and the humidity H percent of the gas flow to obtain a temperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)。
The controller 8 monitors the data of the temperature sensor, the nitrogen sensor 20, the gas flow rate sensor 6, the air humidity sensor and the air pressure sensor 19 in real time and according to the content N of the nitrogen in the sealed cabin 12Percentage, pressure PNiGas flow rate FR, temperature W of temperature measurement point of each temperature sensorxyzAnd pressure P in the oxygen-enriched gas bagOiAnd analyzing, judging and making a corresponding control strategy.
Wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is the simulation function of the temperature point of each temperature sensor and the control airflow unit; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin; FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; wxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of an upper control airflow group, a lower control airflow group and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) are more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyTo control a certain exhaust valve of the air flow group 17; klxyAn exhaust valve of the lower control airflow group 16; pdffIs the pressure difference between the inside of the sealed cabin 1 and the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2.
2. Control method under air flow external circulation working mode
The controller 8 controls the switching valve K in the three-way valve3_1The air flow paths of the upper air flow control group 17 and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 are connected, the air flow paths of the upper air flow control group 17 through the three-way valve, the two-way speed regulation fan 14, the air dehumidifier 12 and the lower air flow control group 16 are disconnected, at this time, because the five-way through valve 31 is in an open state, the upper air inlet and outlet 28 and the lower air inlet and outlet 29 of the heat exchange unit are communicated, so that the air pressure between the upper air inlet and outlet 28 and the lower air inlet and outlet 29 is equal, and the air cannot enter the heat exchanger 32 of the heat exchange unit. The controller 8 monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1 in real time through the nitrogen sensor 20, the air pressure difference sensor 19 and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin 12％。
The airflow circulation path under the airflow external circulation working mode is as follows:
air outside the sealed cabin 1 → the air filter 13 → the five-way through valve → the two-way speed regulation fan 14 speed regulation induced air → the air dehumidifier 12 → the lower air flow control group 16 → inside the sealed cabin 1 → the upper air flow control group 17 → the three-way valve → the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 → the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 → the pressure reduction vent valve 3, and the arrow indicates the air flow direction.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) when the cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller 8 detects the equality of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the sealed cabin 1 through the air pressure difference sensor 19, namely PNO＝PNiAt this time, the controller 8 controls the decompression exhaust valve 3 to be opened, and the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit is emptied of gas. At this time, due to the action of the gas check valve of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22OXMaintaining the maximum pressure P of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2Oi_maxPressure equalisation at the moment, i.e. POX＝POi_maxAnd oxygen is supplied to the workers.
2) When the door 11 of the sealed cabin is in a closed state
When the controller 8 monitors that the cabin door 11 of the sealed cabin is closed, the controller 8 controls the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14 to exhaust, gas outside the sealed cabin 1 is filtered by the air filter 13 and dehumidified by the air dehumidifier 12, air is introduced into the sealed cabin 1, the air density in the sealed cabin 1 is improved, and the oxygen content in the sealed cabin 1 is reduced. Due to the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 of the oxygen-enriched preparation unitOiIs the atmospheric pressure P of the environmentNOI.e. POi＝PNOPressure P in the capsule 1NiGreater than the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiI.e. POi＜PNiThe air introduced into the sealed cabin 1 passes through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to isolate nitrogen and remain in the sealed cabin 1, and the oxygen enrichment air is compressed into the oxygen enrichment air bag 2.
3) Air flow external circulation and air flow internal circulation working mode conversion
When the controller 8 detects the pressure α P in the sealed cabin 1NO≤PNi≤100KPaAnd nitrogen content N2≥86％At this time, the oxygen content in the air in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is increased to O2Not less than 29 percent, and the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiRespectively less than or equal to the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1NiAnd a pressure limiting threshold P of the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3βI.e. Pβ＞POi≤PNi. At this time, the air flow external circulation working mode is controlled to be switched to the air flow internal circulation working mode, the through valve 31 in the five-through valve is closed, and the air in the sealed cabin 1 exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit.
Gas pressure P of oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiGreater than the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22OXWhen is, i.e. POi＞POXThe oxygen-enriched air is automatically compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22, and the gas pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22 is maintained at α PNO≤POX≤100KPa。
Wherein N is2Is nitrogen; o is2Is oxygen; pOiIs the pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag 2; pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; pβThe pressure limiting threshold value of the pressure reducing exhaust valve 3, α is the air density ratio coefficient, WavgIs the average temperature detected by the temperature sensor; pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22; wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment 18; pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 gas; pNOIs the ambient atmospheric pressure at which the capsule 1 is located.
Thereby improving the gas density in the sealed cabin 1 and reducing the oxygen concentration in the sealed cabin 1, and simultaneously, oxygen-enriched air is obtained in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 and the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22.
3. Control method under air flow internal circulation working mode
The controller 8 controls the three-way valve to switch, the airflow channel of the upper control airflow group 17 and the airflow channel of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4 are disconnected, the airflow channel of the upper control airflow group 17, which passes through the three-way valve, the five-way through valve, the bidirectional speed regulating fan 14, the air dehumidifier 12 and the lower control airflow group 16, is connected, the air inlet channel of the air filter 13 and the through valve 31 in the five-way through valve are closed, and the air in the sealed cabin 1 is subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchanger 32 of the heat exchange unit. Controller 8 senses through nitrogenThe device 20, the air pressure difference sensor 19 and the temperature sensor are used for monitoring and analyzing the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1 in real timeNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin 12％。
The air flow internal circulation working mode is a heat absorption mode and a heat release mode for the electrical equipment 18:
1) when the heat absorption mode of the electrical apparatus 18 is executed, the controller 8 monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzNot less than the upper limit value W of the operating temperature of the electrical equipment 18SUUpper limit coefficient of heat transferuProduct of (i), i.e. Wxyz≥uWsuThe controller 8 is controlled according to the upper limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipment 18SUTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 to regulate the speed upwards and exhaust, and opening one or more air inlet and exhaust valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located in the upper control airflow group 17uxzThe gas is discharged, and one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located in the lower control airflow group 16 are openedlxzThe air is sucked in and then is subjected to heat exchange through the dehumidification and heat exchange unit of the air dehumidifier 12. At this time, at a temperature WxyzDirectional convection air from top to bottom is generated around the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located, so that the disturbance heat dissipation of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment 18 is reduced.
The airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 exhausts air upwards → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the three-way valve → the upper air flow control group 17 → heat absorption in the sealed cabin 1 → the lower air flow control group 16 → the air dehumidifier 12 → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, and an arrow indicates the air flow direction.
2) When the electrical equipment 18 is performing a heat release, the controller 8 monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzLower limit value W of working temperature of electric equipment 18SlLower limit coefficient of heat exchangelProduct of (i), i.e. Wxyz≤lWslThe controller 8 is controlled according to the lower limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipmentSlTemperature measurement point and temperature controlCorrelation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the bi-directional speed-regulating fan 14 to speed-regulate and exhaust air downwards, dehumidifying the heat-exchange gas in the heat-exchange unit by the air dehumidifier 12, and opening one or more air inlet and outlet valves K in the lower-control airflow set 16 corresponding to the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is locatedlxzThe gas is discharged, and one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment 18 where the temperature measuring point is located in the upper control airflow group 17 are openeduxzThe gas is sucked in, at the temperature WxyzThe directional convection air from bottom to top is generated around the electrical equipment 18 at the temperature measuring point, so that the gas disturbance heat release in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment 18 is increased.
The airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14 regulates the speed and exhausts downwards → the air dehumidifier 12 → the lower air flow control group 16 → the heat release in the sealed cabin 1 → the upper air flow control group 17 → the three-way valve → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan 14, and the arrow indicates the air flow direction.
For example, the temperature W without shielding by other electrical devices 18xyzWhen the electrical equipment 18 with the temperature measuring point exchanges heat, the controller 8 sequentially opens the air inlet and outlet valves K of the upper control airflow group 17 above the electrical equipment 18uxyAnd a lower control airflow group 16 air inlet and exhaust valve KLxyThe sequence is as follows:
① opening the first inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group 17U43And a first intake/exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L31Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located1；
② opening the second inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group 17U42And a second intake/exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L32Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located2；
③ opening the third inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group 17U41And a third intake and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L33Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located3；
④ open at the upper partFourth air inlet and outlet valve K of air flow control group 17U33And a fourth intake/exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L41Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located4；
⑤ opening the fifth inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control air flow group 17U32And a fifth intake and exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L42Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located5；
⑥ opening the sixth inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control air flow group 17U31And a sixth intake/exhaust valve K of the lower control airflow group 16L43Generating a passing temperature WxyzOf the electrical apparatus 18 at which the temperature measurement point is located6。
3) Air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation working mode conversion
When the controller 8 monitors the pressure P in the sealed cabin 1Ni＜αPNONitrogen content N2Less than 86% and pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiPressure P in the sealed cabin 1 is more than or equal toNiI.e. POi≥PNiWhen the air pressure P of the sealed cabin 1 is higher than the pressure P, the controller 8 converts the internal circulation working mode into the airflow external circulation working mode, and simultaneously the controller 8 controls the decompression exhaust valve 3 of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to exhaust air to ensure that the air pressure P is higher than the pressure P of the sealed cabin 1NiIs greater than the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiMultiplied by a pressure-temperature control coefficient λ, i.e. PNi＞λPOi. At this time, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22OXEqual to the maximum pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2Oi_maxI.e. POX＝POi_max。
The high-efficiency execution of the air flow external circulation working mode is ensured, the air pressure of the air in the sealed cabin 1 is synchronously improved, the air density is increased, the oxygen content is reduced, and the accurate temperature control is ensured.
Wherein, WxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the temperature sensor, and the (x, y and z) is an integer and is more than or equal to 1; wSlA lower limit for the operating temperature of the electrical device 18; wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment 18;u0 < the upper limit coefficient of heat transferu≤1；lThe lower limit coefficient of heat exchange is 0 <l≤1；N2Is nitrogen; pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; pOiIs the internal pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2; pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle 22; pNOIs the ambient atmospheric pressure of the sealed cabin 1; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin 1; FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2 gas; lambda is a pressure temperature control coefficient according to the average temperature W detected by the temperature sensoravgPressure ratio coefficient PλCorrelation function f (W) of temperature measurement point and temperature controlxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffH%) to yield λ ═ Warg·Pλ·f(Wxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,H％)。
In the volume V of the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiVolume V of oxygen-enriched air bottle 22OXAnd the volume V of the sealed cabin 1NiAt a certain time, the nitrogen content N in the sealed cabin 12% depends on the pressure ratio coefficient PλPressure ratio coefficient PλIs the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag 2OiWith the pressure P in the capsule 1NiThe product of the ratio and the nitrogen-oxygen separation efficiency η% of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device 4, i.e. the ratio
Figure BDA0002550829800000221
Pressure ratio coefficient PλThe larger the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin 1, the faster the heat exchange speed, and conversely, the lower the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin 1, the slower the heat exchange speed.

Claims (13)

1. A phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high altitude areas is characterized by comprising a sealed cabin (1), a bidirectional airflow control unit, a heat exchange unit, an oxygen enrichment preparation unit, an airflow control unit, a sensor group and a controller (8);
the sealed cabin (1) is heat-insulating, waterproof, airtight and pressure-bearing and is horizontally installed according to the geographical environment;
the bidirectional airflow control unit is arranged at a corner of the bottom in the sealed cabin (1) and is respectively connected with an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit and the airflow control unit;
the control airflow unit is divided into an upper control airflow group (17) and a lower control airflow group (16), and the upper control airflow group (17) and the lower control airflow group (16) are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom in the sealed cabin (1);
the heat exchange unit is arranged outside the sealed cabin (1) and close to the sealed cabin (1), gas in the sealed cabin (1) enters a heat exchanger (32) soaked in a water body or a phase change material (27) through an upper gas inlet and outlet (28) and a lower gas inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit for circulating heat exchange, and the temperature of electrical equipment (18) in the sealed cabin (1) is adjusted;
except that the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) is arranged at the top outside the sealed cabin (1), other components are arranged at one side, close to the edge, of the top in the sealed cabin (1), and the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) is arranged at the top of the right side of the sealed cabin (1) and is arranged in a high-altitude environment;
the sensor group is respectively arranged on the top in the sealed cabin (1) and the electrical equipment (18), is connected with the controller (8) through a communication circuit and outputs sensor data;
the controller (8) is embedded in a cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin and is respectively connected with all the sensors, the bidirectional airflow control unit, the oxygen enrichment preparation unit and equipment for controlling the airflow unit through data input and output interfaces.
2. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional airflow control unit consists of a five-way through valve, a bidirectional speed regulating fan (14), an air filter (13), an air flow sensor (6) and an air dehumidifier (12);
the 1 st channel in the five-way through valve is connected with an outlet of an air filter (13), and an inlet of the air filter (13) is positioned outside the sealed cabin (1) and filters gas entering the sealed cabin (1); a 2 nd channel in the five-way through valve is connected with an upper air inlet and outlet (28) of the heat exchange unit, and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit is connected with a 3 rd channel in the five-way through valve; a 4 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with one end of a bidirectional speed regulating fan (14) through a gas transmission pipeline (30); the 5 th channel in the five-way through valve is connected with the 2 nd channel of the three-way valve of the airflow control unit through a gas transmission pipeline (24); the five-way through valve is also provided with a through valve (31), when heat exchange is needed through a heat exchanger (32), the through valve (31) is closed, a pressure difference is formed between an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit, and air flow exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit; when heat exchange (32) through the heat exchanger is not needed, the through valve (31) is opened, so that an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit in the five-way through valve are communicated to form equal air pressure, and air flow stops flowing and does not exchange heat with the heat exchange unit;
one end of the bidirectional speed regulating fan (14) is connected with the 4 th channel in the five-way through valve through a gas transmission pipeline (30), and a gas flow sensor (6) is installed on the gas transmission pipeline; the other end of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) is connected with one end of an air dehumidifier (12), and the other end of the air dehumidifier (12) is connected with one end of a lower control airflow group (16); wherein, the data output end of the gas flow sensor (6) is connected with the controller (8) through a data line; the controller (8) monitors the airflow direction and flow of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) through the gas flow sensor (6), and controls the exhaust direction and flow of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) according to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function.
3. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange unit consists of a heat exchanger (32) and a heat exchange water body or a phase change material (27); the heat exchange water body or the phase-change material (27) is placed in the heat-insulation tank body (33), and the heat exchanger (32) is soaked in the heat exchange water body or the phase-change material (27); the heat exchanger (32) is provided with an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29), the upper air inlet and outlet (28) is connected with the 2 nd channel in the five-way through valve, and the lower air inlet and outlet (29) is connected with the 3 rd channel in the five-way through valve; the gas in the sealed cabin (1) exchanges heat with a heat exchange water body or a phase change material (27) through a heat exchanger (32), and the temperature of the gas in the sealed cabin (1) is adjusted;
when hot air flows for heat exchange, hot air flows through a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit to enter, heat is exchanged with a heat exchange water body or a phase change material (27) through a heat exchanger (32), exchanged cold air flow is discharged from an upper air outlet (28) of the heat exchange unit, and air convection from top to bottom is formed in the sealed cabin (1);
when cold air flows for heat exchange, cold air enters through an upper air inlet and outlet (28) of the heat exchange unit, heat is exchanged with a heat exchange water body or a phase change material (27) through a heat exchanger (32), exchanged hot air flows are discharged through a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of the heat exchange unit, air convection from bottom to top is formed in the sealed cabin (1), and heat exchange between the sealed cabin (1) and the heat exchange unit is realized.
4. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 1, wherein: the oxygen-enriched preparation unit consists of an oxygen-enriched air bag (2), a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), an oxygen-enriched air bottle (22), an oxygen-enriched air output pipeline (7) and a pressure-reducing exhaust valve (3); the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) has a heat preservation function; the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is arranged at one side close to the top in the sealed cabin (1), an air inlet (21) and an air outlet (23) are arranged at two ends of the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22), and a gas check valve is arranged in the air inlet (21); the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) is arranged between the top of the sealed cabin (1) and the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2), the upper part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) is arranged in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2), and the lower part of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) is connected with a three-way valve in the control airflow unit; the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) reduces the oxygen content of air in the sealed cabin (1) by utilizing the pressure of compressed air in the sealed cabin (1) and the environmental pressure difference of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); the separated oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and an oxygen-enriched air bottle (22);
the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3) is arranged at the upper part of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and is exposed to the atmospheric environment, the bottom of the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3) is communicated with the inside of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2), and the control end of the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3) is connected with the controller (8) and is controlled by the controller (8) and the pressure of the gas in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) to be opened or closed; the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline (7) is laid along one side of the top in the sealed cabin (1), one end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline (7) is connected with an air outlet (5) at the bottom of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2), the other end of the oxygen-enriched air output pipeline (7) is connected into an air inlet (21) of an oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) at the same side of the top in the sealed cabin (1), and an air outlet (23) of the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is connected with an oxygen-enriched exhaust valve (9) and an oxygen-enriched exhaust valve (10) outside the door which are respectively installed in the sealed cabin (1) through the oxygen-enriched air.
5. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 1, wherein: the control airflow unit consists of an upper control airflow group (17), a lower control airflow group (16) and a three-way valve; the upper control airflow group (17) is provided with an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve KuxyThe lower control airflow group (16) is provided with an air inlet valve K and an air outlet valve Klxy(ii) a Wherein, the three-way valve contains a switching valve K3-1(ii) a The 1 st channel of the three-way valve is connected with a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit; the 2 nd channel of the three-way valve is connected with one end of a gas transmission pipeline (24), and the other end of the gas transmission pipeline (24) is connected with the 5 th channel of the five-way through valve; the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve is connected with an upper control airflow group (17);
the upper control airflow group (17) is of a tree structure, and a main pipeline (26) is connected with the 3 rd channel of the three-way valve; the tail end of each tree-shaped branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KuxyAir inlet and outlet valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelinesuxyAre all hung at the top in the sealed cabin (1); wherein, a main pipeline (26) in the upper control airflow group (17) is provided with a gas flow velocity sensor (6);
the lower control airflow group (16) is of a tree-shaped structure, a main pipeline (25) is connected with one end of an air dehumidifier (12), the other end of the air dehumidifier (12) is connected with one end of a bidirectional speed regulation fan (14), and the tail end of each tree-shaped branch pipeline is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve KlxyAir inlet and exhaust valve K at tail end of multiple tree-shaped branch pipelineslxyAre all paved at the bottom in the sealed cabin (1);
an air inlet and exhaust valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)uxyAnd an air inlet and exhaust valve K of a lower control airflow group (16)lxyAre connected with a controller (8) and control corresponding air inlet and outlet valves K in an upper control airflow group (17) according to the optimal temperature control range of each electrical device (18) in the sealed cabin (1)uxyAnd a corresponding air inlet and exhaust valve K in the lower control airflow group (16)lxyOpen or close;
the upper control airflow group (17) passes through a three-way valve K3-1The switching is carried out, and the air is connected with a lower control airflow group (16) through a five-way through valve, a heat exchange unit, a two-way speed regulation fan (14) and an air dehumidifier (12); under the action of a bidirectional speed regulating fan (14), the air convection in the sealed cabin (1) is controlled, and the air flow reaches an air dehumidifier (12) through a lower control air flow group (16), an upper control air flow group (17) in the sealed cabin (1), a three-way valve, a heat exchange unit and the bidirectional speed regulating fan (14), so that the internal circulation of the air flow is realized;
when the upper control airflow group (17) passes through the three-way valve K3-1When the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit is connected, under the exhaust action of the bidirectional speed regulation fan (14), air outside the sealed cabin (1) passes through the air filter (13) of the bidirectional airflow control unit, the five-way through valve, the heat exchange unit, the bidirectional speed regulation fan (14), the air dehumidifier (12), the lower control airflow group (16) and the sealed cabin (1) to exchange heat, and then passes through the upper control airflow group (17) and the three-way valve K3-1The membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit are discharged through the decompression exhaust valve (3), so that the external circulation of the airflow is realized;
thus, two working modes of air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation are arranged in the sealed cabin (1), and the two working modes are realized through a three-way valve K3-1Is implemented.
6. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 5, wherein: when the air flow internal circulation working mode is executed, the controller (8) controls the three-way valve K3-1The switching of the upper control airflow group (17) and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) is cut off, the input passage of an air filter (13) of a bidirectional airflow control unit is closed, the upper control airflow group (17) is connected to the airflow passage of a lower control airflow group (16) through a five-way through valve, a heat exchange unit, a bidirectional speed regulating fan (14) and an air dehumidifier (12), and a certain exhaust valve K in the upper control airflow group (17)uxyAnd an exhaust valve K in the lower control airflow group (16)lxyWhen the temperature-regulating air conditioner is opened, the air flow is accelerated to disturb the air in the corresponding area under the action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), so that the temperature of the electrical equipment (18) in the area is regulated;
the air convection path is as follows: three-way valve K3-1→ five through valve → heat exchange unit → bidirectional speed regulation fan (14) exhaust → air dehumidifier (12) → lower airflow control group (16) → inside of sealed cabin (1) → upper airflow control group (17) → three-way valve K3-1The arrows indicate the direction of air flow.
7. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 5, wherein: when the air flow external circulation working mode is executed, the controller (8) controls the three-way valve K3-1Switching, namely switching on an air flow passage of the upper control air flow group (17) and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) and switching off the air flow passage of the upper control air flow group (17) and the five-way through valve; simultaneously opening an air filter (13) and establishing a five-way through valve and an air input passage outside the sealed cabin (1); at the moment, gas outside the sealed cabin (1) is filtered by an air filter (13), exhausted by a five-way through valve, a two-way speed regulation fan (14), an air dehumidifier (12) and a lower control airflow group (16) are introduced into the sealed cabin (1), and then the oxygen-enriched gas is discharged from an upper control airflow group (17) and a three-way valve to a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4);
when all the air inlet and exhaust valves K of the upper control airflow group (17)uxyAnd all the air inlet and exhaust valves K of the lower control airflow group (16)lxyWhen the air-tight cabin is opened, under the exhaust action of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), air outside the air-tight cabin (1) is quickly introduced into the air-tight cabin (1), and the pressure in the air-tight cabin (1) is kept at α P under the control of the controller (8)NO～100KPaIn the range, α is the air density ratio coefficient, PNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment of the sealed cabin (1), and the nitrogen content N2Not less than 86%, and oxygen-enriched air is obtained from the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22);
the air convection path is as follows: air outside the sealed cabin (1) → the five-way through valve → the bidirectional speed regulation fan (14) exhausts and draws air → the air filter (13) → the air dehumidifier (12) → the lower airflow control group (16) → the sealed cabin (1) inside → the upper airflow control group (17) → the three-way valve → the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) → the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) → the pressure reduction exhaust valve (3), and arrows indicate the air flowing direction.
8. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 1, wherein: the sensor group comprises a temperature sensor, a gas pressure difference sensor (19) and a nitrogen sensor (20);
the temperature sensors are arranged on key heat exchange monitoring points of each electrical device (18) according to the attributes and the placement positions of the electrical devices (18) in the sealed cabin (1), and the data output end of each temperature sensor is connected with the controller (8) through a data line; the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the nitrogen sensor (20) are arranged at the central position of the top of the sealed cabin (1), the data output end of the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the data output end of the nitrogen sensor (20) are connected with the controller (8) through communication lines, and the change of the air pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealed cabin (1) and the content N of the humidity H percent and the nitrogen are monitored2Percent; the nitrogen sensor (20) includes a humidity sensor.
9. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 1, wherein: the controller (8) is composed of a CPU; the input interface of the controller (8) is connected with the output interfaces of the temperature sensor, the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the nitrogen sensor (20) through data lines; the output interface of the controller (8) is connected with each exhaust valve K in the control airflow unit through a control linexyThe pressure-reducing exhaust valve (3), the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), the five-way through valve, the three-way valve and the air dehumidifier (12).
10. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 1, wherein: the control process of the controller (8) on the electric equipment sealed cabin system is as follows:
1) establishing correlation function between temperature measurement point and temperature control
According to the placing position of the electrical equipment (18) in the sealed cabin (1), the position coordinates of the heat exchange monitoring point, and the difference P between the pressure in the sealed cabin (1) and the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)dffThe flow velocity FR and the humidity H% of the air flow, and a correlation function f (W) of the temperature measurement point and the temperature control is establishedxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,FR,H％)；
2) Control method under air flow external circulation working mode
Firstly, when the cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller (8) detects PNO＝PNiWhen in use, the pressure-reducing exhaust valve (3) is controlled to exhaust the gas in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2);
② when the sealing cabin door (11) is in a closed state
When the controller (8) monitors that the cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin is closed, the air filter (13) is controlled to be opened, and the controller (8) executes an airflow external circulation working mode; due to POi＜PNiThe air in the sealed cabin (1) is separated into nitrogen and oxygen through the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), the nitrogen is reserved in the sealed cabin (1), and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bag (2);
thirdly, the working mode of the air flow external circulation and the internal circulation is switched
When the controller (8) monitors N in the sealed cabin (1)2> 86% and α PNO≤PNi≤100KPaWhile the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)β＞POi≤PNiAt the moment, the controller (8) executes an airflow internal circulation working mode to exchange heat for the electrical equipment (18);
3) control method under air flow internal circulation working mode
Directional heat exchange of electrical equipment (18)
The heat absorption mode and the heat release mode of the electrical equipment (18) in the air flow internal circulation working mode are as follows:
Figure FDA0002550829790000061
heat absorption mode
The controller (8) monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≥uWsuAccording to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), controlling the airflow unit to open the air intake and exhaust valve corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the electrical equipment (18), and controlling the airflow at the temperature W under the action of pressure after the air is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange unitxyzThe electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is positioned generates a directional pair from top to bottomFlowing air to realize temperature WxyzThe directional heat absorption of the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located;
Figure FDA0002550829790000062
exothermic mode
The controller (8) monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyz≤lWslAccording to the temperature measurement point and the temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%), opening the air inlet and outlet valves corresponding to the air flow unit, and heating the air at W under pressure after the air is exchanged heat by the heat exchange unitxyzThe electric equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is positioned generates convection air which is oriented from bottom to top and is used for measuring the temperature WxyzThe electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located supplies heat directionally;
second, the working modes of the air flow internal circulation and the external circulation are switched
When the pressure in the sealed cabin (1) is α PNO≤PNi≤100KPa、POi＜PNiWhen the air flow is in the external circulation mode, the air flow internal circulation mode is switched to the air flow external circulation mode;
when the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)Ni＜αPNOWhile the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3) exhausts the gas to ensure that P isNi＞λPOiEnsuring the execution of the air flow external circulation working mode;
the directional heat exchange is to control the path and direction of the airflow to restrict the airflow to only flow on the heat-exchanged electrical equipment, so as to perform the positioning heat exchange on the electrical equipment;
f(Wxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin (1); FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; wxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of the upper and lower control airflow groups and the temperature sensor, (x, y and z) are more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyIs an air inlet and exhaust valve in an upper control airflow group (17); klxyIs an air inlet and exhaust valve in the lower control airflow group (16); pdffFor the pressure and the rich in the sealed cabin (1)The difference of the pressure in the oxygen air bag (2); wSlIs the lower limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18); wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment (18);u0 < the upper limit coefficient of heat transferu≤1；lThe lower limit coefficient of heat exchange is 0 <l≤1；N2Is nitrogen, α is air density ratio coefficient, PNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin (1); pNmaxIs the upper limit value of the pressure in the sealed cabin (1); pOiThe pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22); pβIs the pressure limiting threshold of the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3); pNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin (1) is located.
11. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 10, wherein: the method for establishing the correlation function of the temperature measurement point and the temperature control is as follows:
according to the arrangement position of the electrical equipment (18) in the sealed cabin (1) and the position coordinates of the heat exchange monitoring points of the electrical equipment (18), a temperature sensor is installed, and each temperature measuring point measured by the temperature sensor and an air inlet and exhaust valve K of the upper control airflow group (17) are establisheduxyAnd an air inlet and exhaust valve K of a lower control airflow group (16)lxyBy applying a pressure P to the sealed chamber (1)NiWith the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiDifference P ofdff＝PNi-POiAnd the gas flow velocity FR and the humidity H percent of the gas heat exchange simulation of the heat exchange monitoring point of the electrical equipment (18) to obtain a temperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%); the controller (8) monitors the data of the temperature sensor, the nitrogen sensor (20), the gas flow rate sensor (6), the air humidity sensor and the air pressure sensor (19) in real time and according to the content N of the nitrogen in the sealed cabin (1)2Percentage, pressure PNiGas flow rate FR, temperature W detected at each temperature measuring pointxyzAnd the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiMaking a corresponding control strategy;
wherein, f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H%) is a correlation function of temperature measurement points and temperature control; h% is in the sealed cabin (1)Humidity; FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; wxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent the position coordinates of an upper control airflow group (17), a lower control airflow group (16) and the temperature sensor, wherein (x, y and z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; kuxyAn air inlet and exhaust valve of the upper control airflow group (17); klxyAn air inlet and exhaust valve of the lower control airflow group (16); pdffIs the difference between the pressure in the sealed cabin (1) and the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2).
12. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 10, wherein: the control process in the air flow external circulation working mode is as follows:
the controller (8) controls a switching valve K in the three-way valve3-1The method comprises the following steps of switching on an airflow passage of an upper control airflow group (17) and a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), switching off the airflow passage of the upper control airflow group (17) through a three-way valve, a bidirectional speed regulating fan (14), an air dehumidifier (12) and a lower control airflow group (16), and communicating an upper air inlet and outlet (28) and a lower air inlet and outlet (29) of a heat exchange unit because a five-way communication valve (31) is in an open state, so that the air pressure between the upper air inlet and outlet (28) and the lower air inlet and outlet (29) is equal, and the air cannot enter a heat exchanger (32) of the heat exchange unit; the controller (8) monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1) in real time through the nitrogen sensor (20), the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin (1)2％；
The airflow circulation path under the airflow external circulation working mode is as follows:
air outside the sealed cabin (1) → an air filter (13) → a five-way through valve → a bidirectional speed regulation fan (14) speed regulation downward exhaust → an air dehumidifier (12) → a lower air flow control group (16) → inside the sealed cabin (1) → an upper air flow control group (17) → a three-way valve → a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) → an oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and an oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) → a pressure reduction exhaust valve (3), and arrows indicate the air flow direction;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) when the cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin is in an open state
The controller (8) detects that the internal pressure and the external pressure of the sealed cabin (1) are equal through the air pressure difference sensor (19), namely PNO＝PNiAt the moment, the controller (8) controls the decompression exhaust valve (3) to be opened, and the gas of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit is emptied; at this time, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is generated by the action of the gas check valve (21) of the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)OXMaintaining the maximum pressure P of the gas in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)Oi_maxPressure equalisation at the moment, i.e. POX＝POi_maxOxygen is supplied to the staff;
2) when the cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin is in a closed state
When the controller (8) monitors that the cabin door (11) of the sealed cabin is closed, the controller (8) controls the bidirectional speed regulating fan (14) to exhaust, gas outside the sealed cabin (1) is filtered by the air filter (13) and dehumidified by the air dehumidifier (12), air is introduced into the sealed cabin (1), the air density in the sealed cabin (1) is improved, and the oxygen content is reduced; due to the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) of the oxygen-enriched preparation unitOiIs the atmospheric pressure P of the environmentNOI.e. POi＝PNOThe pressure P of the air entering the sealed cabin (1)NiIs greater than the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiI.e. POi＜PNiThe air pressed in the sealed cabin (1) passes through a membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4) of the oxygen-enriched preparation unit to isolate and retain nitrogen in the sealed cabin (1), and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed into an oxygen-enriched air bag (2);
3) air flow external circulation and air flow internal circulation working mode conversion
When the controller (8) detects the pressure α P in the sealed cabin (1)NO≤PNi≤100KPaAnd nitrogen content N2When the oxygen content in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2) and the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is more than or equal to 86 percent, the oxygen content is increased to O2Not less than 29 percent, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiRespectively less than or equal to the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)NiAnd a pressure limiting threshold P of the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3)βI.e. Pβ＞POi≤PNi(ii) a At the moment, the air flow external circulation working mode is controlled to be converted into the air flow internal circulation working mode, and the five-way through valve is connectedThe through valve (31) is closed, and the gas in the sealed cabin (1) exchanges heat through the heat exchange unit;
the gas pressure P of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiIs greater than the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)OXWhen is, i.e. POi＞POXThe oxygen-enriched air is automatically compressed into the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22), and the gas pressure α P of the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22) is maintainedNO≤POX≤100KPa；
Wherein N is2Is nitrogen; o is2Is oxygen; pOiIs the pressure inside the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin (1); pβThe pressure limiting threshold value of the pressure reducing exhaust valve (3), α is the air density ratio coefficient, WavgIs the average temperature detected by the temperature sensor; pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22); wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment (18); pOi_maxThe maximum pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); pNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment where the sealed cabin (1) is located.
13. The electrical equipment pod system of claim 10, wherein: the control process in the air flow internal circulation working mode is as follows:
the controller (8) controls the three-way valve to switch, disconnects the airflow channels of the upper control airflow group (17) and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), and connects the airflow channels of the upper control airflow group (17) and the lower control airflow group (16) through the three-way valve, the five-way through valve, the two-way speed regulating fan (14), the air dehumidifier (12) and the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device; closing an air inlet channel of the air filter (13) and a through valve (31) in the five-way through valve, and enabling the gas in the sealed cabin (1) to exchange heat through a heat exchange unit; the controller (8) monitors and analyzes the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1) in real time through the nitrogen sensor (20), the air pressure difference sensor (19) and the temperature sensorNiPressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiAverage temperature WavgAnd the nitrogen content N in the air in the sealed cabin (1)2％；
The control process of the heat absorption mode and the heat release mode of the electrical equipment (18) in the air flow internal circulation working mode is as follows:
1) when executing electricityWhen the gas equipment (18) is in a heat absorption mode, the controller (8) monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzIs not less than the upper limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18)SUUpper limit coefficient of heat transferuProduct of (i), i.e. Wxyz≥uWsuDuring the operation, the controller (8) is controlled according to the upper limit value W of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18)SUTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H percent) to control the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) to regulate the speed upwards and exhaust, and open one or more air inlet and exhaust valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located in the upper control airflow group (17)uxzThe gas is discharged, and one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment (18) with the temperature measuring point in the lower control airflow group (16) are openedlxzSucking gas in; the gas is subjected to heat exchange by a dehumidification and heat exchange unit of an air dehumidifier (12), and at the moment, the temperature is WxyzDirectional convection air from top to bottom is generated around the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located, so that the disturbance heat dissipation of the gas in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment (18) is reduced;
the airflow circulation path is as follows: the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) exhausts air upwards → the five-way through valve → the heat exchange unit → the three-way valve → the upper air flow control group (17) → heat absorption in the sealed cabin (1) → the lower air flow control group (16) → the air dehumidifier (12) → the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), and an arrow indicates an air flow flowing direction;
2) when the heat release of the electrical equipment (18) is executed, the controller (8) monitors the temperature W of a certain temperature measuring pointxyzLower limit value W of working temperature of electric equipment (18) or lessSlLower limit coefficient of heat exchangelProduct of (i), i.e. Wxyz≤lWslDuring the operation, the controller (8) controls the lower limit value W according to the operating temperature of the electrical equipment (18)SlTemperature measurement point and temperature control correlation function f (W)xyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffFR, H percent) to control the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) to regulate the speed of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan to exhaust downwards, dehumidify the air in the heat exchanger (32) in the heat exchange unit through the air dehumidifier (12), and open one or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located in the lower control airflow group (16)lxzThe gas is discharged, and the upper control gas flow group is opened(17) One or more air inlet and outlet valves K corresponding to the electrical equipment (18) with the temperature measuring pointuxzSucking gas in; at this time, at a temperature WxyzDirectional convection air from bottom to top is generated around the electrical equipment (18) where the temperature measuring point is located, so that the gas disturbance heat release in the area is accelerated, and the temperature of the electrical equipment (18) is increased;
the airflow circulation path is as follows: the speed-regulating downward air exhausting of the bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14) → air discharging of the air dehumidifier (12) → lower air flow control group (16) → heat releasing in the sealed cabin (1) → upper air flow control group (17) → three-way valve → five-way through valve → heat exchange unit → bidirectional speed-regulating fan (14), and an arrow indicates the air flow flowing direction;
for temperature W without shielding other electrical equipment (18)xyzWhen the electrical equipment (18) at which the temperature measuring point is located exchanges heat, the controller (8) sequentially opens the air inlet and outlet valves K of the upper control airflow group (17) above the electrical equipment (18)uxyAnd the air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)LxyThe sequence is as follows:
① opens the first inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)U43And a first air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L31Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located1；
② opens the second inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)U42And a second air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L32Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located2；
③ opens the third inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)U41And a third air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L33Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located3；
④ opens the fourth inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)U33And a fourth air inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L41Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located4；
⑤ opens the fifth inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control airflow group (17)U32And lower controlA fifth air inlet and outlet valve K of the air flow group (16)L42Generating a passing temperature WxyzThe air flow Q of the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located5；
⑥ opening the sixth inlet/outlet valve K of the upper control air flow (17) groupU31And a sixth inlet and outlet valve K of the lower control airflow group (16)L43Generating a passing temperature WxyzOf the electrical apparatus (18) at which the temperature measurement point is located6；
3) Air flow internal circulation and air flow external circulation working mode conversion
When the controller (8) monitors the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)Ni＜αPNONitrogen content N2Less than 86 percent and the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiGreater than or equal to the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)NiI.e. POi≥PNiWhen in use, the controller (8) converts the air flow internal circulation working mode into the air flow external circulation working mode, and simultaneously the controller (8) controls the decompression exhaust valve (3) of the oxygen enrichment preparation unit to exhaust air so as to ensure the air pressure P of the sealed cabin (1)NiIs greater than the gas pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiMultiplied by a pressure-temperature control coefficient λ, i.e. PNi＞λPOi(ii) a At this time, the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)OXEqual to the maximum pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)Oi_maxI.e. POX＝POi_max；
Wherein, WxyzThe temperature measured by a temperature sensor at a certain temperature measuring point, x, y and z respectively represent an upper control airflow group (17), a lower control airflow group (16) and a position coordinate of the temperature sensor, wherein (x, y and z) is more than or equal to 1, and x, y and z are integers; wSlIs the lower limit of the working temperature of the electrical equipment (18); wSUAn upper operating temperature limit for the electrical equipment (18);u0 < the upper limit coefficient of heat transferu≤1；lThe lower limit coefficient of heat exchange is 0 <l≤1；N2Is nitrogen; pNiIs the pressure in the sealed cabin 1; pOiIs the internal pressure of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2); pOXIs the pressure in the oxygen-enriched air bottle (22); pNOIs the atmospheric pressure of the environment of the sealed cabin (1); h% is the humidity in the sealed cabin (1); FR is the airflow speed of the control airflow unit; pOi_maxIs an oxygen-enriched air bag (2)) Maximum pressure of gas; λ is a pressure temperature control coefficient based on the average temperature W detected by the temperature sensoravgPressure ratio coefficient PλCorrelation function f (W) of temperature measurement point and temperature controlxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,PdffH%) to yield: λ ═ Warg·Pλ·f(Wxyz,Kuxz,Klxz,Pdff,H％)；
In the volume V of the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiVolume V of oxygen-enriched air bottle (22)OXAnd the volume V of the sealed cabin (1)NiAt a certain time, the nitrogen content N in the sealed cabin (1)2% depends on the pressure ratio coefficient PλPressure ratio coefficient PλIs the pressure P in the oxygen-enriched air bag (2)OiWith the pressure P in the sealed cabin (1)NiThe product of the ratio and the nitrogen-oxygen separation efficiency η% of the membrane nitrogen-oxygen separation device (4), i.e. the ratio
Figure FDA0002550829790000111
Pressure ratio coefficient PλThe larger the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin (1), the faster the heat exchange speed, and conversely, the lower the nitrogen content generated in the sealed cabin (1), the slower the heat exchange speed.
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