CN102379372A - Antimicrobial-free breeding method through combined application of packing, feed and potable water strains - Google Patents
Antimicrobial-free breeding method through combined application of packing, feed and potable water strains Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of animal husbandry and particularly relates to an antimicrobial-free breeding method through combined application of packing, feed and potable water strains. The antimicrobial-free breeding method is characterized in that the method comprises the following three steps of: 1) adding packing strains in packing to make a fermenting bed; 2) adding feed strains in feeds; and 3) adding potable water strains in potable water. The antimicrobial-free breeding method through the combined application of the packing, feed and potable water strains has the advantages that the feeding environment is obviously improved, the breeding income is improved, the feeding cost and the breeding risk are reduced and the strong guarantee is provided for obtaining high-quality antimicrobial-free products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the animal husbandry field, be specifically related to the nonreactive cultural method of a kind of bedding and padding, feed and the associating of drinking water using bacterium.
Background technology
Along with the continuous expansion of breeding scale level and the raising of world agriculture economic globalization degree.China's animal husbandry faces unprecedented development space and huge challenge for existence.At present, China's animal husbandry exists many problems and difficulty, and for example: requiring of (1) human major product and byproduct to animal husbandry is increasingly high; (2) eqpidemic disease is more and more serious to the threat of the health of animal population and breeding environment; (3) the crop products price is constantly soaring, causes animal husbandry pressure increasing; (4) the international trade barrier influences the fast development of China's animal husbandry; (5) the breed pollution problem is more and more outstanding, becomes the bottleneck of herding enterprise development, and has caused the great attention of society and government; (6) abuse of antibiotic etc not only to animal, even causes bigger hidden danger to health.
The existence of these problems has produced tremendous influence to animal husbandry, so herding enterprise all begins actively to seek and a kind ofly can improve animal welfare, reduce environmental pollution, can improve the cultural method of consumption safety again.
At present, in animal husbandry is cultured, add useful microorganism species and become a scientific and reasonable technology, but these bacterial classifications of how arranging in pairs or groups have become the project that each enterprise falls over each other to study.
The EM bacterium is that a kind of Mixed Microbes generally comprises gemma bacterium, saccharomycete, actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, lactic acid bacteria etc., cultivates the effectively compound microbial flora that forms through specific process.Can be used for food and add, culture disease control, waste water control etc.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, thalline is shaft-like, oval or sphere, no endogenous spore, Gram-negative.Strict aerobic, organic nutrition type, the nitrogen in the ability fixed air.
Photosynthetic bacteria be occur on the earth the earliest, occurring in nature ubiquity, prokaryotes with original luminous energy synthetic system; It is the general name of under anaerobic not putting the photosynthetic bacterium of oxygen; Be one type of Gram-negative bacteria that does not form the gemma ability, be one type and carry out the microorganism of the synthetic carbohydrate of photosynthesis, amino acid, cellulose family, bioactivator as the energy, the organic matter that can under anaerobism illumination or aerobic dark condition, utilize occurring in nature, sulfide, ammonia etc. as the hydrogen donor carbon source of holding concurrently with light.
Bacillus licheniformis cellular morphology and arrangement are shaft-like, Dan Sheng; Can adjust flora (Bifidobacterium Bifidum, Bacillus acidi lactici, bacteroid, peptostreptococcus are had the growth of promotion effect) imbalance and reach therapeutic purposes, can impel body to produce antibacterial substance, kill pathogenic bacteria (pathogenic bacteria such as staphylococcus, yeast-like fungus are had antagonism).Can produce the resistant activity material, and have unique biological and take the oxygen mechanism of action by force, can suppress the growth and breeding of pathogenic bacteria.
Bacillus subtilis is a kind of of bacillus.The subtilin that produces in the bacillus subtilis thalli growth process, polymyxins, nystatin, gramicidins isoreactivity material, these active materials have the obvious suppression effect to the conditioned pathogen of pathogenic bacteria or autogenous infection.Bacillus subtilis consumes the free oxygen in the environment rapidly, causes the enteron aisle hypoxemia, promotes the growth of useful anaerobic bacteria, and produces organic acid such as lactic acid, reduces the enteron aisle pH value, suppresses other pathogenic bacteria growth indirectly.Thalline self synthesizes enzymes such as AMS, protease, lipase, cellulase, in alimentary canal with animal body in digestive enzymes together play a role; Multiple B family vitamins such as ability synthetic vitamin B1, B2, B6, nicotinic acid, the activity of interferon and macrophage in the raising animal body.
Candida tropicalis is at no O
2The time, decompose monose and produce CO
2And energy; O is arranged
2The time, monose thoroughly is decomposed into CO
2And H
2O.Candida tropicalis has very high nutritive value, particularly contains more protein, and a lot of B family vitamins, nucleic acid and mineral matter also can produce some health care active materials simultaneously.The candida tropicalis fermentation culture medium has the interferon of enhancing to tire, thereby the enhancing body immunologic function is arranged.
Lactobacillus acidophilus belongs to lactobacillus, Gram-positive bacillus, and bar terminal rounded mainly exists in the small intestine, and adjustment gut flora balance suppresses the propagation of enteron aisle undesirable microorganism.Lactobacillus acidophilus has antagonism to pathogenic microorganisms.Lactobacillus acidophilus also can produce lactic acid and acetic acid after in enteron aisle, fermenting, and can improve the utilization rate of calcium, phosphorus, iron; Promote the absorption of iron and vitamin D; Produce vitamin K and Cobastab, can also reduce absorption of cholesterol, and can reduce the injury of radiation human body.
Bafillus natto is to have beneficial bacterium acidproof, heat-resistant quality; Four hours survival rates are 100% under hydrochloric acid in gastric juice, have powerful pathogen simultaneously and suppress ability, are to environment tolerance one of the bacterial classification of small intestine that preferably can go directly in the middle of the various beneficial bacterium; It is ecological to change the animal intestinal flora after oral; The function that helps digest normalization so that defecation is smooth and easy, is kept the body physiological environmental protection.Can produce acid, regulate gut flora, the enhancing animal cell immunity is put should.And can generate multiple protein enzyme (particularly alkali protease), carbohydrase, lipase, amylase, some complicated carbohydrate of degrading plant forage kind, thereby the conversion ratio of raising feed.
Streptococcus fecalis is enterococcus faecalis again.Use the C polysaccharide antigen,, can streptococcus be divided into many crowds according to the Lan Shi serological classification.Streptococcus fecalis belongs to D crowd, and the D group streptococcus divides two types of enterococcus and non-enterococcus.The former comprises streptococcus fecalis, streptococcus faecalis and streptococcus durans, and the latter has bargen's streptococcus and streptococcus equinus.Streptococcus fecalis is an additive for farm animal feed, can prevent and treat the cub fledgling poultry because of the diarrhea that intestinal bacilli illness causes, has the effect of regulating the normal intestinal flora imbalance and promoting growth.
Bifidobacterium can be safeguarded enteron aisle normal bacteria colony balance, suppresses growth of pathogenic bacteria, prevents constipation, diarrhea and gastrointestinal disorders etc.Ability synthetic vitamin, amino acid and raising body reduce cholesterol levels in the blood to the absorption of calcium ion in enteron aisle, prevent and treat hypertension, and improve the anti-lactose property of dairy products, improve digestibility.Safeguard enteron aisle normal bacteria colony balance, suppress growth of pathogenic bacteria, have the disorderly effect of adjustment function of intestinal canal; Synthetic vitamin, amino acid and raising body are to the absorption of calcium ion in enteron aisle; The enhances human body immunity function prevents antibiotic side effect.
Summary of the invention
The nonreactive cultural method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bedding and padding, feed and the associating of drinking water using bacterium; Can each bacterial classification be carried out reasonably combined and then is applied in each link of breed; Avoid the eqpidemic disease and the problem of environmental pollution that occur in the breeding process, improve the quality of animal husbandry major product and byproduct.
The nonreactive cultural method of a kind of bedding and padding of the present invention, feed and the associating of drinking water using bacterium comprises following three aspects:
(1) in bedding and padding, adds bedding and padding and make fermentation bed with this with bacterial classification; It is 1000: 1 that bedding and padding and bedding and padding use the mass ratio of bacterial classification; Wherein, It is 50～10,000,000,000 viable bacterias/g that bedding and padding use the bacterial classification content of bacterial classification, and according to the parts by weight meter, bedding and padding are formulated by 4～5 parts of EM bacterium, 2～3 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and 3～4 parts of photosynthetic bacterias with bacterial classification;
(2) according to adding the standard of 2～4kg feed in the feed per ton with bacterial classification; In feed, add feed and use bacterial classification; Wherein, It is 50～10,000,000,000 viable bacterias/g that feed uses the bacterial content of bacterial classification, and according to the parts by weight meter, feed is formulated by 2～3 parts of bacillus licheniformis and 1 part of bacillus subtilis with bacterial classification;
(3) the drinking water bacterial classification is processed the drinking water bacteria suspension that concentration is 50～10,000,000,000 viable bacterias/mL; The drinking water bacteria suspension compares thin up according to 1: 80～160 quality then; Maintain the standard of 1.5～300,000,000 viable bacterias/kg according to beneficial bacterium valid density in the animal body; In the daily drinking water of biology, add the drinking water bacteria suspension; Wherein, according to the parts by weight meter, the drinking water bacterial classification is formulated by 2～3 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 2～3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2～3 portions of candida tropicalises, 1～2 part of bafillus natto, 1 part of streptococcus fecalis and 1～2 part of Bifidobacterium.
Wherein, the bedding and padding in aspect (1) are preferably in rice husk, sawdust or the peanut shell one or more combination.When the adding bedding and padding are used bacterial classification in bedding and padding; Preferably carry out according to following steps: the bedding and padding with whole bacterial classifications and 5% stir earlier; Adding 5% bedding and padding again stirs; Last remaining 90% the bedding and padding of adding again stir, and in whipping process, add entry, make in the bedding and padding moisture mass content 40%.
The process that bedding and padding are made is the process of bedding and padding self fermentation in fact; Its objective is that in bedding and padding, adding a considerable amount of bedding and padding on the one hand uses bacterial classification; Going into house for letting animals feed gets ready; The heat that produces through sweat on the other hand kills harmful bacterium, simultaneously for letting animals feed provides certain heat, reduces the production cost of artificial insulation.
Pad material fermentation is in raising house, to pile trapezoidally, cover with gunnysack or straw, summer 5-7d, winter, 10-15d got final product.Also can shorten or prolong fermentation time by increase and decrease bacterial classification quantity and accomplish the end in view according to the production needs.The bedding and padding that ferment are spread out pave, the thickness after paving reaches 40～50cm, can use after placing 24h.Pad material fermentation is one of key object of managing in the standardization aquaculture model, the quality of bedding and padding whether with can reduce management intensity, reduce that eqpidemic disease takes place and to increase culture benefit of close concern to each other, the regular maintenance and the management of bedding and padding just seemed most important.
Observe bedding and padding moisture mass content according to animal drainage situation, make it remain at 40%.As when airborne dust occurring, available clear water carries out surface sprinkling.When the moisture mass content is too high, can suppresses the normal growth breeding of microorganism, thereby influence fermentation efficiency.When finding that moisture is too high, can suitably spread a little dry material dilution excessive moistures.
Because the catabolism of microorganism has ammonia sometimes and produces in the colony house, can use bacterial classification more through the bedding and padding that add in bedding and padding, and be aided with and strengthen the reduction ammonia concentration or eliminate of ventilating.
Bedding and padding will not lump, not pile up and be advisable with the surface according to ight soil situation decision stirring number of times.
The bedding and padding temperature is the main index of confirming.The fermentation bed surface temperature remains at 20～30 ℃, fermentation bed down 30 centimeters be core fermentation layer, its temperature does not change with seasonal variations, can remain at about 40 ℃.Based on this rule, the temperature of results of regular determination core fermentation layer can determine whether to need to add bacterial classification.If temperature descends, and not that moisture is crossed low or too high factor and caused, can suitably add bedding and padding and solve with bacterial classification.
In the aspect (3), hour can suitably improve the dilution ratio of drinking-water, then will suitably turn down the dilution ratio of drinking water when opposite amount of drinking water is big with bacteria suspension with bacteria suspension at institute's domesticated animal amount of drinking water.
The present invention does not add any antibiotic in whole breeding process, reduce aquaculture cost, and avoided the healthy hidden danger of antibiotic to animal and human's body.
The invention has the advantages that: in breeding process; More than three aspect Combined application; Add scientific and reasonable feeding and management; Obtain under the condition of suitable growth temperature at the assurance letting animals feed,, reduce ill probability through being harmful to growing of bacterium in drinking-water and the advantageous effect inhibition feeding environment of feed with microorganism.Because of ight soil need not handled, when reducing workload, can protect surrounding enviroment and underground water not contaminated.The bedding and padding of handling through the regular period microbial fermentation finally can form the high-quality organic fertilizer, increase income.The present invention has obviously improved feeding environment, has improved the breed income, reduced feeding cost and has cultured risk, for obtaining high-quality nonreactive product powerful guarantee is provided.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with instance the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment 1:
This instance is example with the feeding of broiler, comprises following 3 aspects:
(1) in bedding and padding, adds bedding and padding and make fermentation bed with this with bacterial classification; It is 1000: 1 that bedding and padding and bedding and padding use the mass ratio of bacterial classification; Wherein, It is 7,000,000,000 viable bacterias/g that bedding and padding use the bacterial classification content of bacterial classification, and according to the parts by weight meter, bedding and padding are formulated by 4 parts of EM bacterium, 2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and 4 parts of photosynthetic bacterias with bacterial classification;
(2) according to adding the standard of 3kg feed in the feed per ton with bacterial classification; In feed, add feed and use bacterial classification, wherein, it is 8,000,000,000 viable bacterias/g that feed uses the bacterial classification content of bacterial classification; According to the parts by weight meter, feed is formulated by 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis and 1 part of bacillus subtilis with bacterial classification;
(3) the drinking water bacterial classification is mixed with the drinking water bacteria suspension that concentration is 8,000,000,000 viable bacterias/mL; The drinking water bacteria suspension compares thin up according to 1: 100 quality then; Beneficial bacterium valid density maintains the standard of 300,000,000 viable bacterias/kg in according to animal body; In biological drinking water, add the drinking water bacteria suspension after diluting; Wherein, according to the parts by weight meter, the drinking water bacterial classification is formulated by 3 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 portions of candida tropicalises, 2 parts of bafillus nattos, 1 part of streptococcus fecalis and 2 parts of Bifidobacteriums.
Each item achievement data that present embodiment obtains is following:
(1) general index:
| Project | Breeding cycle | Feedstuff-meat ratio | Deliver average weight for sale | Survival rate | Case fatality rate | Antibiotic uses |
| Numerical value | 42d | 1.65∶1 | 2.65Kg | 93.7％ | 0 | Do not have |
(2) the residual detection of medicine: (detecting index is standard with the weight of animals)
| Sequence number | Project | Result (μ g/Kg) | Sequence number | Project | Result (μ g/Kg) |
| 1 | Nitroimidazole | Do not detect | 9 | Clenbuterol | 0 |
| 2 | Sulfanilamide (SN) (15) | 0 | 10 | Quinolone (13) | 0 |
| 3 | Tetracycline (4) | Do not detect | 11 | Salbutamol | 0 |
| 4 | Chloramphenicol | 0 | 12 | Ractopamine | 0 |
| 5 | Nitrofurazone | 0 | 13 | ROX | 0 |
| 6 | Furaltadone | 0 | 14 | Tylosin | 0 |
| 7 | Furantoin | 0 | 15 | Lincomycin | 0 |
| 8 | Furazolidone | 0 | 16 | Erythromycin | 0 |
Embodiment 2:
It is example that present embodiment is raised with the meat duck, comprises following 3 aspects:
(1) in bedding and padding, adds bedding and padding and make fermentation bed with this with bacterial classification; It is 1000: 1 that bedding and padding and bedding and padding use the mass ratio of bacterial classification; Wherein, It is 8,500,000,000 viable bacterias/g that bedding and padding use the bacterial classification content of bacterial classification, and according to the parts by weight meter, bedding and padding are formulated by 4 parts of EM bacterium, 2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and 4 parts of photosynthetic bacterias with bacterial classification;
(2) according to adding the standard of 3kg feed in the feed per ton with bacterial classification; In feed, add feed and use bacterial classification, wherein, it is 9,000,000,000 viable bacterias/g that feed uses the bacterial classification content of bacterial classification; According to the parts by weight meter, feed is formulated by 2～3 parts of bacillus licheniformis and 1 part of bacillus subtilis with bacterial classification;
(3) the drinking water bacterial classification is mixed with the drinking water bacteria suspension that concentration is 9,000,000,000 viable bacterias/mL; The drinking water bacteria suspension was according to 1: 80 ratio thin up then; Beneficial bacterium valid density maintains the standard of 200,000,000 viable bacterias/kg in according to animal body; In biological drinking water, add the drinking water bacteria suspension after diluting; Wherein, according to the parts by weight meter, the drinking water bacterial classification is formulated by 3 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2 portions of candida tropicalises, 2 parts of bafillus nattos, 1 part of streptococcus fecalis and 2 parts of Bifidobacteriums.
Each item achievement data that present embodiment obtains is following:
(1) general index:
| Project | Breeding cycle | Feedstuff-meat ratio | Deliver average weight for sale | Survival rate | Case fatality rate | Antibiotic uses |
| Numerical value | 42d | 1.86∶1 | 3.12Kg | 93.1％ | 0 | Do not have |
(2) the residual detection of medicine: (detecting index is standard with the weight of animals)
| Sequence number | Project | Result (μ g/Kg) | Sequence number | Project | Result (μ g/Kg) |
| 1 | Nitroimidazole | Do not detect | 9 | Clenbuterol | 0 |
| 2 | Sulfanilamide (SN) (15) | 0 | 10 | Quinolone (13) | 0 |
| 3 | Tetracycline (4) | Do not detect | 11 | Salbutamol | 0 |
| 4 | Chloramphenicol | 0 | 12 | Ractopamine | 0 |
| 5 | Nitrofurazone | 0 | 13 | ROX | 0 |
| 6 | Furaltadone | 0 | 14 | Tylosin | 0 |
| 7 | Furantoin | 0 | 15 | Lincomycin | 0 |
| 8 | Furazolidone | 0 | 16 | Erythromycin | 0 |
Claims (3)
1. the nonreactive cultural method of bedding and padding, feed and the associating of drinking water using bacterium is characterized in that comprising following three aspects:
(1) in bedding and padding, adds bedding and padding and make fermentation bed with this with bacterial classification; It is 1000: 1 that bedding and padding and bedding and padding use the mass ratio of bacterial classification; Wherein, It is 50～10,000,000,000 viable bacterias/g that bedding and padding use the bacterial classification content of bacterial classification, and according to the parts by weight meter, bedding and padding are formulated by 4～5 parts of EM bacterium, 2～3 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and 3～4 parts of photosynthetic bacterias with bacterial classification;
(2) according to adding the standard of 2～4kg feed in the feed per ton with bacterial classification; In feed, add feed and use bacterial classification; Wherein, It is 50～10,000,000,000 viable bacterias/g that feed uses the bacterial content of bacterial classification, and according to the parts by weight meter, feed is formulated by 2～3 parts of bacillus licheniformis and 1 part of bacillus subtilis with bacterial classification;
(3) the drinking water bacterial classification is processed the drinking water bacteria suspension that concentration is 50～10,000,000,000 viable bacterias/mL; The drinking water bacteria suspension compares thin up according to 1: 80～160 quality then; Maintain the standard of 1.5～300,000,000 viable bacterias/kg according to beneficial bacterium valid density in the animal body; In the daily drinking water of biology, add the drinking water bacteria suspension; Wherein, according to the parts by weight meter, the drinking water bacterial classification is formulated by 2～3 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 2～3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 2～3 portions of candida tropicalises, 1～2 part of bafillus natto, 1 part of streptococcus fecalis and 1～2 part of Bifidobacterium.
2. the nonreactive cultural method of bedding and padding according to claim 1, feed and the associating of drinking water using bacterium is characterized in that bedding and padding in the aspect (1) are one or more combination in rice husk, sawdust or the peanut shell.
3. the nonreactive cultural method of bedding and padding according to claim 1, feed and the associating of drinking water using bacterium; When it is characterized in that the adding bedding and padding are used bacterial classification in bedding and padding in the aspect (1); Earlier the bedding and padding with whole bacterial classifications and 5% stir, and add 5% bedding and padding again and stir, and last remaining 90% the bedding and padding of adding again stir; And in whipping process, add entry, make in the bedding and padding moisture mass content 40%.
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| CN 201110293447 CN102379372B (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | Antimicrobial-free breeding method through combined application of packing, feed and potable water strains |
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| CN102379372B CN102379372B (en) | 2013-05-08 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104351501A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-02-18 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Feed for improving feeding welfare quality of yellow feather broilers as well as production method and feeding method |
| CN108783046A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-13 | 福建省农业科学院 | A kind of application process that probiotics is raised pigs on the big column of fermentation bed |
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| CN101712927A (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-05-26 | 北京普仁生态技术有限公司 | Preparation method for culturing ecological convenient bacteria |
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| CN101712927A (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-05-26 | 北京普仁生态技术有限公司 | Preparation method for culturing ecological convenient bacteria |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104351501A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-02-18 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Feed for improving feeding welfare quality of yellow feather broilers as well as production method and feeding method |
| CN108783046A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-13 | 福建省农业科学院 | A kind of application process that probiotics is raised pigs on the big column of fermentation bed |
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