CN102378711B - 用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法 - Google Patents

用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法 Download PDF

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CN102378711B
CN102378711B CN201080014455.9A CN201080014455A CN102378711B CN 102378711 B CN102378711 B CN 102378711B CN 201080014455 A CN201080014455 A CN 201080014455A CN 102378711 B CN102378711 B CN 102378711B
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spring device
air spring
valve
vehicle
characteristic
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CN102378711A (zh
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M.泰希曼
G.霍雅克
K.西克斯
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Siemens Mobility Austria GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/22Guiding of the vehicle underframes with respect to the bogies
    • B61F5/24Means for damping or minimising the canting, skewing, pitching, or plunging movements of the underframes
    • B61F5/245Means for damping or minimising the canting, skewing, pitching, or plunging movements of the underframes by active damping, i.e. with means to vary the damping characteristics in accordance with track or vehicle induced reactions, especially in high speed mode
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/0152Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit
    • B60G17/0155Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit pneumatic unit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/02Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
    • B60G17/04Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means fluid spring characteristics
    • B60G17/052Pneumatic spring characteristics
    • B60G17/0523Regulating distributors or valves for pneumatic springs
    • B60G17/0525Height adjusting or levelling valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/14Side bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/10Acceleration; Deceleration
    • B60G2400/104Acceleration; Deceleration lateral or transversal with regard to vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/20Speed
    • B60G2400/204Vehicle speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/50Pressure
    • B60G2400/51Pressure in suspension unit
    • B60G2400/512Pressure in suspension unit in spring
    • B60G2400/5122Fluid spring
    • B60G2400/51222Pneumatic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/30Height or ground clearance
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/30Height or ground clearance
    • B60G2500/302Height or ground clearance using distributor valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其中由所述车辆的状态导出离散的状态参数,所述状态参数汇总成参数集,其中还为每个参数集分配确定的高度调节特性,其中通过相应地控制所述空气弹簧装置的至少一个阀来调节分配给所述车辆的确定状态的高度调节特性。

Description

用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法。
背景技术
在轨道车辆中,空气弹簧通常用作车厢与走行部之间的副弹簧,以弹性支承车厢。其在很大程度上与轨道设备的不规则性脱耦并且能够调节在车站中的负载变化所引起的车厢相对于走行部车架的高度变化。
为此,由DE29620200U1公开了一种具有电气动空气调节阀的空气弹簧,其中,为了调节车辆车身相对于走行部车架的高度位置,通过具有电输出信号的高度传感器检测所述高度位置。
通过所述悬架装置,一方面实现了高度位置的准确检测,另一方面可以使悬架装置的特性匹配于不同的运行模式,从而例如在静止运行中车辆车厢相对于走行部车架的高度位置的精确调节具有重要地位,而相反在行驶期间在动态负载时可以不对例如侧倾运动做出反应。
由AT503256公开了一种空气弹簧装置,其中,在空气交换管路中在空气弹簧调节阀与空气弹簧之间连接开关机构,借助所述开关机构可以节流或者中断空气交换管路中的空气流动,从而可以调节空气弹簧装置的高度调节的不同特性。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于改进所述现有技术。
这根据本发明通过用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法实现,在所述方法中由车辆的状态导出离散的状态参数,将这些离散的状态参数汇总为参数集,其中为每个参数集分配确定的高度调节特性,并且在所述方法中通过空气弹簧装置的至少一个阀的相应控制来调节分配给车辆的确定状态的高度调节特性。
根据本发明,通过有限数量的参数集描述车辆的状态,基于此随后调节高度调节特性。
因此,能够通过可电子控制的阀简单地实现所述方法。
可以由空气弹簧装置的压力值导出用于描述车辆状态的重要参数。
对于高度调节特性的调节而言,车辆的运行模式是非常重要,也就是说,车辆是否处于静止状态中、是否处在站台上、是否以较高或较低速度处在自由轨道上,以及在必要时轨道本身的状态如何。
特别有利的是,通过空气弹簧装置的至少一个阀的相应控制来调节车厢相对于行车道的确定高度,其中由空气弹簧装置的压力值导出走行部车架的主悬挂的特性。
在轨道车辆停靠在站台上时,车辆车厢的地板水平提高到站台边沿的高度是重要要求。通过根据本发明在调节高度调节特性时考虑主悬挂的弹簧行程可以非常精确地满足所述要求。
有利的是,作为空气弹簧装置的阀设有至少一个可电子控制的比例阀。这样的具有部分集成的压力传感器的阀可以简单地进行控制并且适用于各种应用。
为了避免在故障情形中空气不受控制地流到空气弹簧中,有利的是,设有另一个阀,其在此情形中被操作并且阻止车厢由于排出空气而不受控制地抬升。
附图说明
根据在附图中示出的实施例更详细地解释本发明:
在附图中示例性地示出:
图1:空气弹簧装置的示意性结构,
图2:空气弹簧装置的阀的特征曲线。
具体实施方式
根据图1的空气弹簧装置包括可电子控制的比例阀,其具有集成的压力传感器1和同样集成的控制逻辑单元,所述控制逻辑单元例如借助于微控制器实现。
借助所述比例阀1可以控制从未示出的储备空气容器经由空气容器管路2和空气弹簧管路3至空气弹簧4的空气供给,或者从空气弹簧4经由空气弹簧管路3和排出口5至环境中的空气排出,并且因此控制空气弹簧4的高度调节特性。
车厢与走行部车架的距离、阀中的压力和关于车辆的运行模式的信息用作用于控制的参数。
车厢与走行部车架的距离通过测量杆6、7和角度传感器8转换为电输入信号。
借助于集成的压力传感器求得压力信号。由所述信号可以得出车辆的负载状态并且由其可以计算出主悬挂的特性。
因此,借助本发明也可以求得车厢相对于行车道的高度并且准确地调节所述高度。这尤其在车辆停留在火车站中时是重要的,以便可以避免车厢地板与站台边沿之间的水平差。
在所述停留期间,快速且准确的高度调节特性是所期望的,也就是说,车辆应当尽可能快速且准确地平衡由乘客下车和上车引起的弹簧行程。
所述与高空气需求联系的特性在行驶期间是不期望的,在此反而应当尽可能平稳地通过空气弹簧的被动弹性特性来补偿由行车道中的不规则性引起的震动。
车辆的运行模式,即对车站中的车辆和在行驶期间的车辆的不同要求因此同样是用于控制空气弹簧装置的高度调节特性的控制的状态参数。
根据本发明,这些值被转换成具有有限数量的值的离散状态参数,并且被汇总成有限数量的参数集。
现在,为每个参数集指派一个确定的高度调节特性,其基本上由比例阀1的特性确定,所述比例阀1的特性近似通过在图2中示出的阀特征曲线K1、K2描述。
在此应考虑:所述阀特征曲线K1、K2不具有线性的变化过程,而具有确定的、阶梯状的变化过程,由此有针对性地规定高度调节特性。
阀特征曲线K1、K2近似描述阀流量D1、D2根据阀角度VW的变化过程,也就是说,根据车厢相对于走行部车架的高度位置。通过阀特征曲线K1、K2的变化来改变空气弹簧装置的高度调节特性。高流量结合小的无流量区域(如在第一特征曲线K1中所示)决定了快速且准确的高度调节,如其在车站区域中所期望的那样,而根据特征曲线K2的低流量结合大的无流量区域是在行驶期间所期望的。
在根据图2的示图中,根据本发明地考虑车辆负载状态以及主悬挂特性导致根据空气弹簧系统中所测量的压力的阀特征曲线K1在横坐标轴上向左平移。这通过纵坐标轴D2从(对应于主悬挂的基准情况的)第二位置平移到第一位置的纵坐标轴D1表示,在所述第一位置中由于负载改变主悬挂状态与基准情况不同。
为了阻止空气在故障情形中不受控制地流到弹簧中,根据本发明设有另一个阀9,其在此情形中借助于控制杆10进行操作并且通过经由排出管路11排出空气来阻止车厢的不受控制的抬升。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其特征在于,由所述车辆的状态导出离散的状态参数,所述状态参数汇总成参数集,此外为每个参数集分配确定的高度调节特性;并且通过相应地控制所述空气弹簧装置(1)的至少一个阀来调节分配给所述车辆的确定状态的高度调节特性,其中所述高度调节特性由空气弹簧装置(1)的比例阀的特性确定,并且所述比例阀的特性通过阀特征曲线K1、K2描述,所述阀特征曲线K1、K2具有确定的、阶梯状的变化过程,由此有针对性地规定高度调节特性。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其特征在于,由所述空气弹簧装置的压力值导出其中一个所述离散的状态参数。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其特征在于,由所述车辆的运行模式导出其中一个所述离散的状态参数。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其特征在于,由车辆车厢与走行部车架的距离导出其中一个所述离散的状态参数。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其特征在于,通过相应地控制所述空气弹簧装置的至少一个阀来调节车厢相对于行车道的确定高度,其中由所述空气弹簧装置的压力值导出走行部的主悬挂的特性。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其特征在于,作为所述空气弹簧装置(1)的阀设有至少一个可电子控制的比例阀。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其特征在于,所述可电子控制的比例阀(1)具有集成的压力传感器。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法,其特征在于,设有另一个阀(9),其在空气不受控制地流到所述弹簧中时被操作。
CN201080014455.9A 2009-04-07 2010-03-29 用于控制车辆的空气弹簧装置的方法 Active CN102378711B (zh)

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AT0054309A AT508044A1 (de) 2009-04-07 2009-04-07 Verfahren zur steuerung einer luftfederanordnung eines fahrzeuges
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PCT/EP2010/054058 WO2010115739A1 (de) 2009-04-07 2010-03-29 Verfahren zur steuerung einer luftfederanordnung eines fahrzeuges

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US9399474B2 (en) 2016-07-26
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