CN102363259B - Molding method for casting and forging structure piece of wheelchair frame - Google Patents

Molding method for casting and forging structure piece of wheelchair frame Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102363259B
CN102363259B CN 201110283392 CN201110283392A CN102363259B CN 102363259 B CN102363259 B CN 102363259B CN 201110283392 CN201110283392 CN 201110283392 CN 201110283392 A CN201110283392 A CN 201110283392A CN 102363259 B CN102363259 B CN 102363259B
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forging
casting
blank
strand
stainless steel
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CN102363259A (en
Inventor
曲荣生
孙永恒
刘玉新
林超
刘放顺
崔春阳
王艺
张作家
赵文举
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Harbin Hafei Industry Co Ltd
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Harbin Hafei Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a molding method for casting and forging a structure piece of a wheelchair frame, which comprises the steps of: sawing and cutting an aluminum cast ingot with the outer circle of phi 200mm with a material trade mark of 6061 into blank with the length of 800mm; smelting; pouring; modeling; cutting a dead head; charging a casting blank, heating and fixing the temperature at 530 DEG C; forging and pressing the casting blank by a 5000-ton oil press and a forging mould; forging and pressing to obtain a forged piece; etching and washing; treating with solid solution; and manually correcting the specific deformation degree of the forged piece. The precast blank is cast and molded by the method, the shape of the blank is good in consistency, the shape of a curved surface is easy to control, a casting material can be cyclically utilized, and the material utilization can be furthest improved; and the batch production practice proves that the finished forged piece produced by a casting and forging technological process has no forging defects, the thermal treatment performance meets the demand, and the final status of the forged piece completely accords with user demand.

Description

Wheelchair frame structural member casting and forging molding method
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to casting and forge process technology, is exactly a kind of wheelchair frame structural member casting and forging molding method specifically.
(2) background technology
Forging is widely used in important force structure position on the various device with its superior mechanical performance, wherein aluminum alloy forge piece becomes the maximum forging of application in the non-ferrous metal forging with its lightweight, corrosion-resistant advantage such as good again, in fields such as automobile, Aero-Space, locomotive, shipbuildings very widely application is arranged, its output is only second to the ferrous metal forging.The wheelchair frame structural member is the important stress members on a kind of wheelchair, the former employing steel-pipe welding of offshore company forms, but weight is heavier, profile is common not to have sight, there are the material use problems such as rate is low, and operation is loaded down with trivial details in the structural parts whole forging molding process of domestic research and development and the forging that Technology for Heating Processing is produced.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wheelchair frame structural member casting and forging molding method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: step is as follows:
Step 1: blanking: be that 6061 cylindrical φ 200mm aluminium ingot casting sawing becomes the long blank of 800mm with material trademark;
Step 2: melting: place crucible to heat blank, 650 ℃ of constant temperatures are heated to fusing;
Step 3: mould assembly: rising head and mold cavity surface smearing release agent at casting mould, close tight casting mould, the fastening clamp;
Step 4: cast: contain 4.5 kilograms of the liquid aluminium get after the blank fusing with crucible, be poured into die cavity to die cavity from the sprue gate and be full of fully;
Step 5: removing from mould: open geometrical clamp, molded blank is taken out in the casting mould die sinking;
Step 6: cut rising head: utilize toothless saw excision rising head, obtain strand;
Step 7: cleaning defective: cleaning finishing strand emits port part and blemish;
Step 8: homogenizing annealing: 530 ℃ of strand shove charge heating constant temperatures; Insulation: 4 hours, can carry out mold pressing production after strand was cooled to 470 ℃ with stove after insulation finished;
Step 9: forging mold preheating: heating constant temperature: 400 ℃; Insulation: 4 hours;
Step 10: mold pressing: utilize 5000 tons of hydraulic presses and forging mold that the strand that step 8 obtains is forged and pressed, obtain forging after the forging and pressing;
Step 11: cut edge: utilize 800 tons of punch presses and edger that forging is carried out cold-trim(ming) after the forging cooling;
Step 12: erosion is washed: 1: ungrease treatment: with the forging stock stainless steel framework of packing into, immersed the alkali groove 10-15 minute, tank liquor temperature: 50-60 ℃; 2: the warm water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immersed warm water tank 1-4 minute, water temperature: 50-60 ℃; 3: cold water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immersed cold rinse bank 1-4 minute, water temperature: room temperature; 4: pickling: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerses nitric acid groove 0.5-3min till the light; 5: cold water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerses cold rinse bank flushing 1-4 minute, water temperature: room temperature; 6: naturally oven dry;
Step 13: cleaning defective: cleaning polishing forging blemish;
Step 14: solution treatment: heating constant temperature: 530 ℃; Insulation: 1.5 hours; Immediately entry after forging is come out of the stove, forging time of staying in water is not less than 15 minutes, is not more than 17 seconds transfer time; Water temperature: 30-50 ℃;
Step 15: proofread and correct: the forging after utilizing 5000 tons of hydraulic presses and straightening die to solution treatment is proofreaied and correct;
Step 10 six: artificial aging: forging shove charge heating, constant temperature: 155 ℃; Insulation: 10 hours;
Step 10 seven: manual synchronizing: carry out manual synchronizing for the concrete deformation extent of forging;
Step 10 eight: erosion is washed: forging is lost wash the surface that obtains cleaning, operate same step 12;
Step 10 nine: cleaning defective: forging is carried out monolithic finish eliminate burr or the defective of colliding with.
A kind of wheelchair frame structural member of the present invention casting and forging molding method, for solving the production problem of pre-roughcast, adopt casting and forging molding, be that pre-roughcast adopts casting, then obtain the finished product forging through compression molding, the such shape high conformity of blank, curve form is easy to control, the casting process material can be recycling simultaneously, improved to greatest extent stock utilization; In order to eliminate forging defect, adopt at twice compression molding, certain under-voltage amount is reserved in for the first time mold pressing, thoroughly repaiies wound after the mold pressing; The forging warpage is serious in the forging process, adopts twice correcting process to eliminate the forging buckling deformation here.Batch production facts have proved that the finished product forging of producing does not have forging defect under this cast forging process flow process, heat treatment performance meets the requirements, and the forging end-state meets user's request fully.
(4) description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is wheelchair frame structural member forging profile schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is wheelchair frame structural member forging strand profile schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that wheelchair frame structural member forging model cavity is arranged schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that wheelchair frame structural member forging straightening die die cavity is arranged schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is wheelchair frame structural member forging edger structural representation;
Fig. 6 is wheelchair frame structural member forging strand casting mould structure schematic diagram.
(5) specific embodiment
The invention will be further described for example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1: in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 6, and a kind of wheelchair frame structural member of the present invention casting and forging molding method, step is as follows:
Step 1: blanking: be that 6061 cylindrical φ 200mm aluminium ingot casting sawing becomes the long blank of 800mm with material trademark;
Step 2: melting: place crucible to heat blank, 650 ℃ of constant temperatures are heated to fusing;
Step 3: mould assembly: rising head and mold cavity surface smearing release agent at casting mould, close tight casting mould, the fastening clamp;
Step 4: cast: contain 4.5 kilograms of the liquid aluminium get after the blank fusing with crucible, be poured into die cavity to die cavity from the sprue gate and be full of fully;
Step 5: removing from mould: open geometrical clamp, molded blank is taken out in the casting mould die sinking;
Step 6: cut rising head: utilize toothless saw excision rising head, obtain strand;
Step 7: cleaning defective: cleaning finishing strand emits port part and blemish;
Step 8: homogenizing annealing: 530 ℃ of strand shove charge heating constant temperatures; Insulation: 4 hours, can carry out mold pressing production after strand was cooled to 470 ℃ with stove after insulation finished;
Step 9: forging mold preheating: heating constant temperature: 400 ℃; Insulation: 4 hours;
Step 10: mold pressing: utilize 5000 tons of hydraulic presses and forging mold that the strand that step 8 obtains is forged and pressed, obtain forging after the forging and pressing;
Step 11: cut edge: utilize 800 tons of punch presses and edger that forging is carried out cold-trim(ming) after the forging cooling;
Step 12: erosion is washed: 1: ungrease treatment: with the forging stock stainless steel framework of packing into, immersed the alkali groove 10-15 minute, tank liquor temperature: 50-60 ℃; 2: the warm water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immersed warm water tank 1-4 minute, water temperature: 50-60 ℃; 3: cold water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immersed cold rinse bank 1-4 minute, water temperature: room temperature; 4: pickling: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerses nitric acid groove 0.5-3min till the light; 5: cold water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerses cold rinse bank flushing 1-4 minute, water temperature: room temperature; 6: naturally oven dry;
Step 13: cleaning defective: cleaning polishing forging blemish;
Step 14: solution treatment: heating constant temperature: 530 ℃; Insulation: 1.5 hours; Immediately entry after forging is come out of the stove, forging time of staying in water is not less than 15 minutes, is not more than 17 seconds transfer time; Water temperature: 30-50 ℃;
Step 15: proofread and correct: the forging after utilizing 5000 tons of hydraulic presses and straightening die to solution treatment is proofreaied and correct;
Step 10 six: artificial aging: forging shove charge heating, constant temperature: 155 ℃; Insulation: 10 hours;
Step 10 seven: manual synchronizing: carry out manual synchronizing for the concrete deformation extent of forging;
Step 10 eight: erosion is washed: forging is lost wash the surface that obtains cleaning, operate same step 12;
Step 10 nine: cleaning defective: forging is carried out monolithic finish eliminate burr or the defective of colliding with.
Embodiment 2: in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 6, and a kind of wheelchair frame structural member of the present invention casting and forging molding method, step is as follows:
Step 1: blanking: be that 6061 cylindrical φ 200mm ingot casting sawing becomes the long blank of 800mm with material trademark;
Step 2: melting: place crucible to heat constant temperature blank: 650 ℃, be heated to fully fusing;
Step 3: mould assembly: at casting mould (Fig. 6) rising head and mold cavity surface smearing release agent, close tight casting mould, the fastening clamp;
Step 4: cast: contain 4.5 kilograms of the liquid aluminium get after the blank fusing from sprue gate 1(Fig. 6 with crucible) is poured into die cavity and is full of fully, be poured into the rising head die cavity from rising head 2,3 successively again and be full of liquid aluminium;
Step 5: removing from mould: open geometrical clamp, slowly with the casting mould upper and lower mould separately, take out molded blank;
Step 6: cut rising head: utilize toothless saw to cut the redundance acquisition strands (Fig. 2) such as rising head;
Step 7: cleaning defective: cleaning finishing strand rising head cutting part and surface defect of bloom;
Step 8: homogenizing annealing: constant temperature is heated in the strand shove charge: 530 ℃, insulation: 4 hours, can carry out mold pressing production after strand was cooled to 470 ℃ with stove after insulation finished;
Step 9: forging mold preheating: with forging mold shove charge heating, constant temperature: 400 ℃, be incubated 4 hours;
Step 10: mold pressing: utilize 5000 tons of hydraulic presses and forging die (Fig. 6) to carry out mold pressing, mold pressing front mold die cavity and forging surface spraying oil base graphitic lubricant, lubricated namely need the spraying evenly obtains the forging with burr after the mold pressing;
Step 11: cut edge: after the forging with burr at room temperature cools off, utilize 800 tons of punch presses and edger (Fig. 5) to cut edge;
Step 12: erosion is washed: 1: ungrease treatment: with the forging stock stainless steel framework of packing into, immerse alkali groove (composition: NaOH concentration: 80-120g/L, Na 2CO 3Concentration: 25-30g/L), soak time 10-15 minute, tank liquor temperature: 50-60 ℃; 2: the warm water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerses warm water tank (composition: water for industrial use), soaked water temperature: 50-60 ℃ 1-4 minute; 3: cold water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerse cold rinse bank (composition: mobile water for industrial use), washing time 1-4 minute, water temperature: room temperature; 4: pickling: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerses nitric acid groove (composition: HNO 3, concentration: 200-300g/L), soak time: 0.5-3min is till the light; 5: cold water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerse cold rinse bank (composition: mobile water for industrial use), washing time 1-4 minute, water temperature: room temperature; 6: naturally oven dry;
Step 13: cleaning defective: remaining burr and forging blemish when polishing finishing forging is cut edge;
Step 14: solution treatment: heating constant temperature: 530 ℃; Insulation: 1.5 hours; Immediately entry after forging is come out of the stove moves up and down in water and is no less than 6 times,, forging can not surface in the whipping process, and forging time of staying in water is not less than 15 minutes, is not more than 17 seconds transfer time; Water temperature: 30-50 ℃;
Step 15: proofread and correct: utilize 5000 tons of hydraulic presses and straightening die (Fig. 4) that forging is proofreaied and correct to eliminate part torsional deformation and buckling deformation;
Step 10 six: artificial aging: forging shove charge heating, constant temperature: 155 ℃; Insulation: 10 hours;
Step 10 seven: manual synchronizing: proofread and correct to eliminate residual deformation after straightening die is proofreaied and correct for the different deformation extent of each forging, obtain to meet the forging of customer requirements;
Step 10 eight: erosion is washed: forging is lost wash the acquisition clean surface, operate same step 12;
Step 10 nine: cleaning defective: forging is carried out monolithic finish eliminate burr or the defective of colliding with, and polishing forging surface.

Claims (1)

1. wheelchair frame structural member casting and forging molding method, it is characterized in that: step is as follows:
Step 1: blanking: be that 6061 cylindrical φ 200mm aluminium ingot casting sawing becomes the long blank of 800mm with material trademark;
Step 2: melting: place crucible to heat blank, 650 ℃ of constant temperatures are heated to fusing;
Step 3: mould assembly: rising head and mold cavity surface smearing release agent at casting mould, close tight casting mould, the fastening clamp;
Step 4: cast: contain 4.5 kilograms of the liquid aluminium get after the blank fusing with crucible, be poured into die cavity to die cavity from the sprue gate and be full of fully;
Step 5: removing from mould: open geometrical clamp, molded blank is taken out in the casting mould die sinking;
Step 6: cut rising head: utilize toothless saw excision rising head, obtain strand;
Step 7: cleaning defective: cleaning finishing strand emits port part and blemish;
Step 8: homogenizing annealing: 530 ℃ of strand shove charge heating constant temperatures; Insulation: 4 hours, can carry out mold pressing production after strand was cooled to 470 ℃ with stove after insulation finished;
Step 9: forging mold preheating: heating constant temperature: 400 ℃; Insulation: 4 hours;
Step 10: mold pressing: utilize 5000 tons of hydraulic presses and forging mold that the strand that step 8 obtains is forged and pressed, obtain forging after the forging and pressing;
Step 11: cut edge: utilize 800 tons of punch presses and edger that forging is carried out cold-trim(ming) after the forging cooling;
Step 12: erosion is washed: 1: ungrease treatment: with the forging stock stainless steel framework of packing into, immersed the alkali groove 10-15 minute, tank liquor temperature: 50-60 ℃; 2: the warm water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immersed warm water tank 1-4 minute, water temperature: 50-60 ℃; 3: cold water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immersed cold rinse bank 1-4 minute, water temperature: room temperature; 4: pickling: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerses nitric acid groove 0.5-3min till the light; 5: cold water washing: the stainless steel framework that forging stock will be housed immerses cold rinse bank flushing 1-4 minute, water temperature: room temperature; 6: naturally oven dry;
Step 13: cleaning defective: cleaning polishing forging blemish;
Step 14: solution treatment: heating constant temperature: 530 ℃; Insulation: 1.5 hours; Immediately entry after forging is come out of the stove, forging time of staying in water is not less than 15 minutes, is not more than 17 seconds transfer time; Water temperature: 30-50 ℃;
Step 15: proofread and correct: the forging after utilizing 5000 tons of hydraulic presses and straightening die to solution treatment is proofreaied and correct;
Step 10 six: artificial aging: forging shove charge heating, constant temperature: 155 ℃; Insulation: 10 hours;
Step 10 seven: manual synchronizing: carry out manual synchronizing for the concrete deformation extent of forging;
Step 10 eight: erosion is washed: forging is lost wash the surface that obtains cleaning, operate same step 12;
Step 10 nine: cleaning defective: forging is carried out monolithic finish eliminate burr or the defective of colliding with.
CN 201110283392 2011-09-22 2011-09-22 Molding method for casting and forging structure piece of wheelchair frame Expired - Fee Related CN102363259B (en)

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CN102699636B (en) * 2012-06-18 2015-08-19 西南大学 The liquid forging Rolling compund manufacturing process of 6082 aluminium alloy different cross section large rings
CN104694857B (en) * 2013-12-05 2016-08-24 北京航星机器制造有限公司 Thin-walled inlets structure Cast aluminium alloy gold cabin section method for controlling heat treatment deformation
CN104741592B (en) * 2015-03-19 2020-02-11 新荣株式会社 Continuous casting and forging device for manufacturing aluminum automobile parts and manufacturing method using same
CN105234634A (en) * 2015-10-22 2016-01-13 苏州胜利精密制造科技股份有限公司 Machining method of liquid crystal television set support
CN105401018B (en) * 2015-11-14 2018-05-15 合肥市易远新材料有限公司 A kind of high-strength tenacity ultrafine crystal deformed aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN107697855A (en) * 2017-08-30 2018-02-16 宁波韧霸货叉有限公司 A kind of high rigidity fork of forklift truck
CN108746469B (en) * 2018-05-17 2020-05-15 湖北三环锻造有限公司 Cold and hot combined trimming process for aluminum alloy forging
CN115194083A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-10-18 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Production method of aluminum alloy rear steering knuckle of casting and forging combined passenger car

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CN1861288A (en) * 2005-05-10 2006-11-15 徐名钧 Procedure for processing aluminium alloy products
CN101486087A (en) * 2009-02-11 2009-07-22 江苏大学 Casting and forging combined technique of aluminum alloy linkage rod

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