CN102353971B - Miniaturized low energy ion detector with low power consumption - Google Patents
Miniaturized low energy ion detector with low power consumption Download PDFInfo
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- CN102353971B CN102353971B CN 201110179895 CN201110179895A CN102353971B CN 102353971 B CN102353971 B CN 102353971B CN 201110179895 CN201110179895 CN 201110179895 CN 201110179895 A CN201110179895 A CN 201110179895A CN 102353971 B CN102353971 B CN 102353971B
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Abstract
The invention provides a miniaturized low energy ion detector with low power consumption. The detector comprises sensors and a circuit system portion, wherein the circuit system portion is connected with output terminals of the sensors. And the detector is characterized in that: there are two sensors; and each the sensor includes 180-degree deflecting electrodes, a cylindrical electrostatic analyzer with 90 degrees to 120 degrees, and an electron multiplier. Each the deflecting electrode is used for enabling a field of view of a polar angle direction to be realized into 180 degrees; and the deflecting electrodes, the cylindrical electrostatic analyzer and the electron multiplier are successively in series connection to form a hollow U-shaped passage. Besides, the two sensors, which are arranged in an opposite direction and are sheathed with each other, are used for realizing horizontal and opposite arrangement of the two 180-degree deflecting electrodes, thereby realizing a 360-degree scanning range. In addition, the circuit system portion consists of two preamplifiers, a high voltage circuit, a DA converter, an AD converter, an interface circuit, a power supply system and an FDGA unit. Charge signals of the two electron multipliers are respectively input to the two preamplifiers for amplification and the FDGA unit carries out counting, so that ion detection is completed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low energy ion detector of a kind of miniaturization, low-power consumption, this detector can be used for the detection of the low energy ion of the aspects such as terrestrial space, survey of deep space, particularly a kind of low energy ion detector of miniaturization low-power consumption.
Background technology
Low energy ion is one of main object of space physics, space environment and space weather research, also is the important component part of all kinds of spacecraft orbit space environments, reaching safely mission life at rail and have material impact spacecraft.
Miniaturization, low-power consumption are the developing direction of low energy ion detector, and the resource-constrained especially for the spacecraft of survey of deep space requires the volume of load little, power consumption is little.At present volume and the power consumption of the domestic instrument of surveying for the space low energy ion are all larger, can't adapt to the development trend of the miniaturization of space exploration load and low-power consumption.
The low energy ion detector of prior art comprises: sensor and Circuits System.
At present the sensor of the domestic instrument of surveying for the space low energy ion all adopts the semisphere electrostatic analyzer, and the volume of this alanysis device is larger.Realize the detection of semisphere electrostatic analyzer 360 degree polar angles, need to use the microchannel plate of annular, and the area of annular microchannel plate is larger.Because the semisphere electrostatic analyzer uses a plurality of anodes to realize measurement of angle, therefore to realize the angular resolution of 22.5 ° in 360 ° of polar angle directions, then need 16 anodes and described Circuits System part also need adopt 16 prime amplifiers, this has just increased size, quality and the power consumption of instrument.
Described 16 prime amplifiers amplify the charge signal of electron-multiplier output, the output digital pulse signal is to functions such as the operation control of chip microcontroller instrument, data acquisition process, kind and the quantity of the chip that needs like this are more, the size of circuit board is also very large, and the power consumption of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is also larger.For realizing the efficient operation of instrument, the DA converter and the AD converter that link to each other with single-chip microcomputer can only be selected the parallel interface device, but the size of parallel interface device is large, and power consumption is high, causes whole circuit board size and power consumption all large.
At present domestic instrument electrostatic analyzer high pressure and the multiplier high pressure of surveying for the space low energy ion respectively needs a cover high voltage generating circuit, and the size of circuit and power consumption all can be larger like this.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for overcoming defects, the invention provides a kind of low energy ion detector of miniaturization low-power consumption.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of low energy ion detector of miniaturization low-power consumption, this detector comprises sensor and the Circuits System part that links to each other with the sensor output terminal, and described Circuits System part is characterized in that also for described sensor provides required high pressure:
The concrete number of described sensor is two, and each sensor all comprises: one 180 ° of deflecting electrodes, one 90 °～120 ° cylindricality electrostatic analyzers and an electron-multiplier; Wherein, described deflecting electrode realizes that the visual field of polar angle direction is 180 °;
Described deflecting electrode, cylindricality electrostatic analyzer and electron-multiplier are connected successively, form " U " shape path of a hollow; Described two sensors form two " U " shape structures altogether, and described two " U " structures are fit in opposite directions, be used for to realize two 180 degree deflecting electrode is parallel laying on the contrary, and then realize 360 ° of sweep limits.
In the technique scheme, described Circuits System comprises: two prime amplifiers and comprise the FPGA unit of tally function; The charge signal of described two electron-multipliers output is input to respectively two prime amplifiers and amplifies, and the output digital pulse signal of described prime amplifier is inputted described FPGA unit and counted, and finishes ion detection.
In the technique scheme, the function of described FPGA unit also comprises: log-compressed unit, control module and some serial line interfaces.
Described Circuits System also comprises: high-tension circuit, DA converter, AD converter and interface circuit; Described DA converter links to each other with described FPGA unit by serial line interface with AD converter; Power-supply system, this power-supply system is converted to the inner required low-tension supply of detector with outside input power.
Described DA converter is exported low-voltage simulation amount signal under the control of described FPGA unit, this analog signals is respectively the setting high-voltage value of described deflecting electrode, electrostatic analyzer and electron-multiplier; Described high-tension circuit is converted to deflecting electrode high pressure, electrostatic analyzer high pressure and electron-multiplier high pressure with the low pressure of DA converter output;
Described AD converter gathers each analog quantity engineering parameter in the detector operational process, and the signal that gathers is inputted described FPGA unit store and send;
Described interface circuit links to each other with described FPGA unit, is used for receiving the order that external unit injects described FPGA unit, and science data and the engineering parameter of described FPGA unit collection sent to external unit.
The invention has the advantages that, at first changed the structure of electrostatic analyzer, used the channel electron multiplier of small size after the structural change of electrostatic analyzer, simultaneously in order to realize that 360 degree sweep limits are provided with deflecting electrode to the entrance of this electrostatic analyzer, and two sensors are laid cleverly, above improvement greatly reduces whole size sensor and volume under the condition that does not change sweep limit and resolution, this spacecraft for resource-constrained has important use meaning; Secondly, Circuits System has also been made improvement for the neotectonics that adapts to sensor component, and this further reduces again size, weight and the power consumption of whole detector, has greatly improved the low energy ion detector of prior art.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is sensor construction synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is circuit system structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
The accompanying drawing sign:
1, deflecting electrode 2, electrostatic analyzer 3, electron-multiplier
Embodiment
Describe in further detail of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment.
The present invention proposes the low energy ion detector of a kind of miniaturization, low-power consumption, and this detector can be used for the detection of the low energy ion of the aspects such as terrestrial space, survey of deep space, and as shown in table 1 this of the key technical indexes of this detector shows to be the key technical indexes.
Table 1
Detector of the present invention also comprises sensor and Circuits System two parts, and wherein the two is the integrated design.
As shown in Figure 1, this figure is the structural representation of the improved sensor of the present invention.Sensor of the present invention comprises deflecting electrode, electrostatic analyzer and electron-multiplier.
Wherein, the entrance of sensor is deflecting electrode 1, be used for selecting the direction of incident ion, pressure reduction between two deflection is used for determining the direction of selected incident ion, namely only have with the ion of two deflecting electrode A and the incident direction of B institute making alive coupling and can enter into the electrostatic analyzer that links to each other later with deflecting electrode, by two added voltages of electrode are scanned, just can realize the scanning to the incident ion direction.
Electron-multiplier 3 is used for the ion of electrostatic analyzer outlet is amplified, and its output signal is the charge pulse signal, this charge pulse signal input circuit components of system as directed.
As one of inventive point of the present invention, described electrostatic analyzer 2 adopts the cylindricality electrostatic analyzer, can greatly reduce volume with respect to this cylindricality electrostatic analyzer of the semisphere electrostatic analyzer of prior art.
Owing to only use the cylindricality electrostatic analyzer can't realize surveying the function of a plurality of ion incidence angles, the scan electrode that therefore need to increase in cylindricality electrostatic analyzer front the selection of ion incidence angle is deflecting electrode 1, and this combination can reach the purpose of surveying a plurality of ionic incident angles.
Further, a scan electrode can only realize that the visual field of polar angle direction is 180 °, in order to realize 360 ° polar angle visual field, needs two cover scan electrodes 1.
As shown in Figure 1, sensor design the part of two symmetries (represent respectively with thick line and fine rule among the figure, each part includes a scan electrode, a cylindricality electrostatic analyzer and an electron-multiplier), two parts are identical, dexterously two parts are staggered in together among the design, take full advantage of the inner space, so that the size of sensor further reduces.Because the visual field of every part polar angle direction is 180 °, then total visual field of two parts polar angle direction is 360 °.By above-mentioned measure, realized the miniaturization of sensor, and its visual field can reach the index of semisphere electrostatic analyzer.
Owing to used the electrostatic analyzer 2 of cylindricality, therefore can substitute the larger annular microchannel plate of employed area in the semisphere electrostatic analyzer with the less electron-multiplier of volume, be conducive to realize the miniaturization of instrument.
The Circuits System part
The Circuits System part comprises: prime amplifier, high-tension circuit, DA converter, AD converter, FPGA unit, interface circuit and power-supply system as shown in Figure 2.The functional description of each unit is lifted as follows:
The DA converter, output low-voltage simulation amount signal under the control of FPGA unit, this analog signals is respectively the setting value of deflecting electrode high pressure, electrostatic analyzer high pressure and electron-multiplier high pressure.
High-tension circuit, the low pressure that the DA converter is exported is converted to deflecting electrode high pressure, electrostatic analyzer high pressure and electron-multiplier high pressure.
AD converter, each analog quantity engineering parameter in the acquisition instrument operational process.
Interface circuit is responsible for and external device communication, receives and injects order, and science data and the engineering parameter that collects sent.
Power-supply system is converted to the required power supply of instrument internal with outside input power.
As previously mentioned, the prime amplifier number has reduced circuit board size and power consumption far less than the number of the needed prime amplifier of dome-type electrostatic analyzer among the design.
The functions such as the operation control of the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system realization instrument that uses in the alternative original low energy ion detector in use FPGA unit, data acquisition process, can greatly reduce like this kind and the quantity of required chip, save the size of circuit board, and by selecting the FPGA of low-power consumption, its power consumption also Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system than traditional is little.
Owing to used FPGA, DA converter and AD converter can be selected the device of serial line interface, and the size of series interface part is little more a lot of than the size of parallel interface device, and power consumption is also little, helps to reduce circuit board size and power consumption.
At present domestic instrument electrostatic analyzer high pressure and the multiplier high pressure of surveying for the space low energy ion respectively needs a cover high voltage generating circuit, if this detector is also taked same design, then need three cover high voltage generating circuits (deflecting electrode high pressure, electrostatic analyzer high pressure and multiplier high pressure), the size of circuit and power consumption all can be larger like this.Adopt a cover high voltage generating circuit among the design, then with the high-voltage modulation circuit this road High voltage output is modulated the needed deflecting electrode high pressure of sensor, electrostatic analyzer high pressure and multiplier high pressure, thereby reduce circuit size and power consumption, and the high-voltage modulation circuit can be realized the rapid scanning of high pressure, is conducive to improve the temporal resolution of instrument.
Among the design except realizing miniaturization and low-power consumption, FPGA in the electronics has also realized log-compressed, science data boil down to one byte with two bytes, data transfer rate is original 1/2nd like this, can reduce the required data downstream bandwidth of instrument, because data downstream limited bandwidth in survey of deep space, this seems even more important in survey of deep space.
It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although with reference to embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, do not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the low energy ion detector of a miniaturization low-power consumption, this detector comprises sensor and the Circuits System part that links to each other with the sensor output terminal, described Circuits System part is also for described sensor provides required high pressure, and this detector is characterized in that for the detection of low energy ion:
Described sensor is 2, and each sensor all comprises: one 180 ° of deflecting electrodes, one 90 °～120 ° cylindricality electrostatic analyzers and an electron-multiplier; Wherein, described deflecting electrode realizes that the visual field of polar angle direction is 180 °;
The connection of connecting successively of the deflecting electrode of described sensor, cylindricality electrostatic analyzer and electron-multiplier forms " U " shape path of a hollow; Described two in opposite directions fit settings of sensor be used for to realize two 180 degree deflecting electrode are parallel laying on the contrary, and then realize 360 ° of sweep limits.
2. the low energy ion detector of miniaturization low-power consumption according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Circuits System comprises: two prime amplifiers and comprise the FPGA unit of tally function;
The charge signal of described two electron-multipliers output is input to respectively two prime amplifiers and amplifies, and the output digital pulse signal of described prime amplifier is inputted described FPGA unit and counted, and finishes ion detection.
3. the low energy ion detector of miniaturization low-power consumption according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described FPGA unit also comprises: log-compressed unit, control module and some serial line interfaces.
4. the low energy ion detector of miniaturization low-power consumption according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described Circuits System also comprises: high-tension circuit, DA converter, AD converter and interface circuit; Described DA converter links to each other with described FPGA unit by serial line interface with AD converter;
Described DA converter is exported low-voltage simulation amount signal under the control of described FPGA unit, this analog signals is respectively the setting high-voltage value of described deflecting electrode, electrostatic analyzer and electron-multiplier; Described high-tension circuit is converted to deflecting electrode high pressure, electrostatic analyzer high pressure and electron-multiplier high pressure with the low pressure of DA converter output;
Described AD converter gathers each analog quantity engineering parameter in the detector operational process, and the signal that gathers is inputted described FPGA unit store and send;
Described interface circuit links to each other with described FPGA unit, is used for receiving the order that external unit injects described FPGA unit, and the science data of FPGA unit collection and the engineering parameter of storage are sent to external unit.
5. the low energy ion detector of miniaturization low-power consumption according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described Circuits System also comprises power-supply system, and this power-supply system is converted to the inner required low-tension supply of detector with outside input power.
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| CN 201110179895 CN102353971B (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2011-06-29 | Miniaturized low energy ion detector with low power consumption |
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| CN 201110179895 CN102353971B (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2011-06-29 | Miniaturized low energy ion detector with low power consumption |
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| CN102353971A CN102353971A (en) | 2012-02-15 |
| CN102353971B true CN102353971B (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105990089B (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | A kind of measurement apparatus for space ion and neutral atom |
| CN106568832A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-04-19 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Sensor apparatus for measuring energy and component of space thermal plasma |
| CN112799120B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2024-03-22 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Dual-channel electrostatic analyzer for synchronous measurement of ions and electrons |
| CN113534232B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2024-04-09 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Device and method for synchronously measuring ionized layer neutral molecules and charged particles |
| CN111487483B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-05-24 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Compact type space charged particle detector structure based on microchannel plate |
| CN112526585A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Detector and detection method for in-situ measurement of track neutral gas particle velocity |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1196828A (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-10-21 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Photoelectronic material, device using same and method for manufacturing same |
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| US7858276B2 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-12-28 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Method for determining suitability of a resist in semiconductor wafer fabrication |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1196828A (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-10-21 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Photoelectronic material, device using same and method for manufacturing same |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 低能离子束辅助大面积制备纳米点阵列;俞国军等,1;《核技术》;20071210;第30卷(第12期);995-997 * |
| 俞国军等,1.低能离子束辅助大面积制备纳米点阵列.《核技术》.2007,第30卷(第12期),995-997. |
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Address after: 100190 No. two south of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 1 Patentee after: NATIONAL SPACE SCIENCE CENTER, CAS Address before: 100190 No. two south of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 1 Patentee before: Space Science & Applied Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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Granted publication date: 20130213 Termination date: 20210629 |