CN102348853A - A deep-water port - Google Patents
A deep-water port Download PDFInfo
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- CN102348853A CN102348853A CN2010800119241A CN201080011924A CN102348853A CN 102348853 A CN102348853 A CN 102348853A CN 2010800119241 A CN2010800119241 A CN 2010800119241A CN 201080011924 A CN201080011924 A CN 201080011924A CN 102348853 A CN102348853 A CN 102348853A
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- harbour
- deck
- mole
- integral type
- deepwater offshore
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/0017—Means for protecting offshore constructions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Abstract
A deep-water port is provided which comprises an upper pier deck, a natural deep-water mooring and an under-deck breakwater portion. The port is a mega-structure constructed of prefabricated modular perforated inter-connected marine structure units. The pier deck/breakwater combination is constructed in deep water, connected by bridge to the coast, independent of dry land or any structure thereon, as well as of any separate breakwater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be positioned at the natural deep water harbour and the constructing method thereof of offshore, particularly, relate to the structure of the deep water harbour that comprises mole, this mole is as the ingredient at said harbour.
Background technology
The rapid globalization development of World Economics has increased the demand to international freight forwarding.The result of increase in demand is that increasing shipping company selects for use delivered payload capability to surpass high cubic container ship (1 TEU or " twenty-foot-equivalent unit "=1445 ft of 14,800 TEU
3=be equal to 20 ' * 8 ' * 8 ' the occupied volume of container) ((J. Svendsen and J. Tiedemann, " The Big Ships Are Coming, " web site article dated July 17,2007:
Http:// containerinfo.co.ohost.de).Although these tjemplons can improve the efficient of freight transportation, yet these freighters can be handled in a harbour surplus the whole world only had 20, and the needs that are transported to the goods final destination from " hinge harbour " that thereupon increase have brought extra cost of transportation and time loss.
The development that can handle the harbour of following very large cargo carrier receives the restriction of thick-and-thin.One of them obstacle is to lack the available coastal soil that is used for the harbour.The limited amount that not only is used for the suitable coastal soil of port development, the coastal soil that is used for other purpose (for example living) also is rare in general.Second restraining factors are that offshore lacks enough dark seawater, and extra dredging and construction waterwall will bring huge cost.For example; Between 2000 to 2005; Kill van Kull channel (New York/New Jersey) deepens to 45 feet from 35 feet; It spends 3.6 hundred million dollars, and this project is foot dark at the dredging passage of building to 50, will in the integral body cost, increase by 900,000,000 dollars again with the project of the freighter that is used for 7000 to 8000 TEU carrying capacity.
Restriction oversized container ship can with one of the new type of deep-water port development more key factor be: the mode that the harbour makes up.From Rome Empire Age, the basic design in harbour did not just change in essence: build mole so that bay (that is, the hydrostatic zone) to be provided, the harbour is built in this bay.Although kept bimillennium; But still there are three deficiencies in this design, and these deficiencies have limited its use in Port Design now: mole is built and has obviously increased the cost in harbour (account for total cost 1/3rd) in (1))---and the cost of mole increases with the extension of its degree of depth; (2) mole need continue to dredge towards a side on land, and this has also increased the cost of harbour maintenance; (3) the wide slope of mole stops ship to be stopped near mole, thereby has wasted bosom in the bay, also be the most useful part simultaneously.
In view of above-mentioned obstacle, seek new Port Design method and seem particularly important.But still lack this new method.At american documentation literature 5,803, in 659 and 6,017,167, Chattey discloses a kind of method of using the modular caisson to make up or extend the harbour.The portability of modular and caisson makes this invention have certain advantage, but harbour itself still is connected the land, therefore can't avoid the needs of the above-mentioned expensive dredging operation in non-enough profundal zones.
Also have some documents to disclose method (for example, american documentation literature 1,816,095,3 of various structure modular submerged breakwaters; 844,125,4,502,816 and 4; 978,247 inventions disclosed), but these mole all are used to prevent Coastal erosion usually, rather than are used in the harbour.Even (for example, United States Patent (USP) 3,614 to be intended to be used for the harbour breakwater structure at those; 866,4,347,017 and 5; 620,280) reduce, simultaneously in the design of Modular units of cost of port and harbour construction, mole and harbour also are to build as the entity that separates.
United States Patent (USP) 6,234,714 disclose a kind of harbour with nominal integral type mole.Yet with reference to above-mentioned patent, mole and harbour in fact are structures separately, and wherein mole comprises that facing toward harbour by sand, rubble, rock and/or rubble piles up and the dike that forms the structure of on this dike, placing a plurality of similar caissons to the water side.Therefore, the structure that this design exists mole equally can not be avoided the problems of a large amount of dredging operations, and mole and harbour are not single modular organization.
Therefore, the novel example that still needs a kind of deep water port design and make up.For addressing the above problem, need a kind of deep water port, its mole and the harbour formula that becomes one itself, thus remove the cost of mole structure and maintenance from; Wherein, harbour itself need not extra dredging and just can build in the deep water; And the harbour can be used as absolute construction and builds, and need not to carry out any connection with land the prerequisite of littoral land as port construction or enlarging of therefore no longer need leaving unused.The present invention exists demand for a long time to design for satisfying these.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of solution to the problems described above, and provides the answer about the new mode of Port Design.An object of the present invention is, a kind of change off land deep water port is provided, wherein harbour deck and mole are integrated into single structure, and the harbour deck forms Texas deck, and mole forms the substrate of constructivity truss, and wherein Accommodation is built in the deep water as separate unit.Another object of the present invention is, this integral type harbour is provided, and this harbour is formed by a plurality of prefabricated modular marine structure unit structures with holes, can interconnect between these marine structure unit, to form firm superstructure.Another object of the present invention is the deep water port that provides this band nature deep water to berth method.Another object of the present invention provides embodiment, the integral type harbour construction among these embodiment have following at least one: (a) habitat of benthophyte and animal community; (b) artificial reef.Another object of the present invention provides embodiment, and the integral type deep water port among these embodiment is connected to building, tunnel or the pipeline of land through at least one bridge block.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method of building integral type deepwater offshore port, and build with overtime work below mole in the lump on its harbour deck, middle and upper part.Another object of the present invention is, a kind of method that makes up the integral type deep water port is provided, and wherein the structure of deep water port comprises modular marine structure unit, a plurality of interconnective prefabricated band hole.
In the present invention; Said integral type harbour be above-mentioned any one, wherein, said mole bottom is the shape that cuboid 12 constitutes; This cuboid 12 is formed by six plane surfaces, and it has benchmark summit, bottom ABCD (see figure 1) and upper level summit EFGH; Said cuboid is that the about 1m of the length of side is to how much long cubes of 10km; This cubical non-adjacent angle B, D, E and G are cut, and form surperficial S
B , S
D , S
E And S
G S
B , S
D , S
E And S
G A part that is shaped as sphere, the centre of sphere of this sphere is for from the nearest drift angle of each face, said shape can be the Any shape towards the prominent drum in said cube center also, for example be the ellipsoid or the shape of complicacy more; Four tunnel T have been formed
B , T
D , T
E And T
G , these tunnels cover said cubical center, are interconnected to form tetragonal passage, to make the surface that cuts out; The cross section in said tunnel is optional from cylindrical cross section and other shape; Six plane surfaces that former cubical surface stays are reference plane, and said modular marine structure with holes contacts with other module through these reference planes.
In the present invention; Said integral type harbour is that above any is said; It comprises the platform of at least one construction; This platform has top, harbour deck 1 and mole bottom 2; Said mole bottom be shaped as cuboid 12; This cuboid 12 is formed by N plane surface (following N is an integer, and its value for example equals 4,6,9 etc.), and it has the benchmark summit of N ± first constant bottom and the benchmark summit (following first and second constants are integer) on N ± second constant top; Wherein said harbour is independent of and does ground or any structure on it as the structure that is arranged in deep water.
The invention also discloses the method that is used to build deepwater offshore integral type harbour.The method comprising the steps of as follows: make up mole and the harbour deck that links to each other with said submerged breakwater under the deck; And (b), the shape of cuboid 12 being built up in said mole bottom, this cuboid 12 is formed by N plane surface, and has the benchmark summit of N ± first constant bottom and the benchmark summit on N ± second constant top.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has showed and has been used to make up a mole embodiment of the modular marine structure unit 10 on deck 2 (this patent transfers Kent and Alkon for prior art, United States Patent (USP) 7,226,245) under water;
Fig. 2 has showed how precast module type unit 10 is transported to Post Office;
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have wherein showed the position of Modular units 10 for the top view at assembling harbour with the mode of sectional drawing, said Modular units is showed in one embodiment to some extent;
Fig. 5 is an assembling view, showed modular organization unit 10 be how to interconnect, to form bottom, mole deck 2;
Fig. 6 showed harbour deck, top 1 and bottom, mole deck 2, and the good harbour of this construction is how to be seated in the water for building the view at good harbour 100;
Fig. 7 is the sectional drawing at harbour 100, showed by Modular units 10 to be built into bottom, mole deck 2, and the relative position between Texas deck 1 and the bottom, deck 2 and the two position with respect to water;
Fig. 8 has showed the bay that comprises integral type deep water port 100.
The specific embodiment
Obviously; For a person skilled in the art; Although several embodiment of the present invention are different on the details that makes up; But do not influence its essence; Therefore; The present invention is not limited to the description of accompanying drawing and manual, and is only pointed like claim, and its scope only by to said claim the most wide in range explanation confirm.
For describing the present invention, define following term:
Mole: receive the barrier that wave impact designs for preventing bay or seashore;
Modular marine structure with holes unit: be used for underwater structures, it has opening or passage, and in the time of in being immersed in water body, water can pass through this opening or passage.
Referring to Fig. 1, wherein showed an embodiment of modular marine structure with holes unit 10, it is shaped as cuboid 12, and this cuboid 12 is formed by six plane surfaces, and it has bottom benchmark summit ABCD and top base summit EFGH.In the embodiment shown, suppose that non-limitingly this cuboid is how much long cubes of the about 10m of the length of side.In this example, said cubical four non-adjacent angle B, D, E and G are cut, and form surperficial S
B , S
D (invisible), S from the visual angle of Fig. 1
E And S
G In specific embodiment shown in Figure 1, S
B , S
D , S
E And S
G A part that is shaped as sphere, the centre of sphere of this sphere is for from the nearest drift angle of each face, said shape also can be the Any shape (for example ellipsoid or more complicated shape) towards the prominent drum in said cube center.Four tunnel T have been formed
B , T
D , T
E And T
G , these tunnels cover said cubical center, are interconnected to form tetragonal passage, to make the surface that cuts out.Shown tunnel has cylindrical cross section, can certainly be other shape.Six plane surfaces (the for example surface 14 that is formed by limit DFGH) that former cubical surface forms are reference plane, and said modular marine structure with holes contacts with other module through these reference planes.These surfaces must be enough greatly, stably module is placed on the foundation of approximate horizontal in the assembling process guaranteeing.
In specific embodiment shown in Figure 1, (reinforcing diagonal beams RDBs) extends along six diagonal of the plane surface of former cubical formation and forms modular marine structure with holes by strengthening cant beam.Said reinforcement cant beam can comprise strengthening part, and for example steel bar 32, and embeds the material in the strengthening part, for example concrete.Cube face at the module corner forms recess 42.When two to eight modular marine structure unit 10 were provided with around common corner, these recesses formed cavity, and mould or injection cement paste as cast concrete engage to form corner.As shown in Figure 1, also can form similar recess 52 along said diagonal.
Fig. 1 has showed a design example of modular maritime works with holes unit, but the construction of bottom, deck 2 is not limited to this concrete design of Modular units 10.
To Fig. 4, wherein showed the different structure stage at bottom, deck 2 and integral type harbour 100 referring to Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 has showed the details of a break deck bottom 2 of completion.Interconnecting between the above-mentioned single modular maritime works with holes unit illustrated in diagram.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 have showed integral type deepwater offshore port 100, and it comprises harbour deck, top 1 and bottom, deck 2.Harbour deck, said top is built by the material that is suitable in salt solution, using and is formed.Design harbour deck, said top, with the large vessel of berthing, be used for from the pedestal of the equipment of ship loading and unloading goods and as being loaded in the interim set-point that container ship maybe will be transferred to the goods of container terminal as heavy duty crane and other.Embodiment has showed the Texas deck with rectangular profile among Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, but because the modular characteristic that the harbour makes up, and the shape of said Texas deck is according to self needs at the harbour that will build and different.
Bottom, said deck directly is seated on the natural seabed, be to be formed by precast module type maritime works unit 10 structures that are built on the bank, and said Texas deck is seated on the top of this megaplex.Each parts interconnects (referring to Fig. 5) on non-irrigated depressed place.After said modular maritime works unit interconnects, just build up one deck platform at least.Can on the top of this platform, build further structure, and this platform self is just as the foundation of these structures.When after accomplishing said engineering on the non-irrigated depressed place, in said non-irrigated depressed place, pour water so that said platform with and on all structures floating.Then said platform towing (floating state) is arranged in the final position of deep water to it, can allows water to get in the inner cavity in modular maritime works unit at this place,, thereby build the mole harbour so that said maritime works unit is submerged in the seabed.Said parts also can interconnect on wet dock and harbour, afterwards it are dragged to the final position.
Because bottom, said deck is made up of unit with holes, itself just can be used as effective mole, makes its shoreward side have water on the one hand, can also make Texas deck as the freighter harbour simultaneously, and need not to build independent special mole.Said unit with holes can also be used as animals and plants crowd's habitat under water, and therefore, bottom, said deck can be as the artificial reef base.
Claims (11)
1. an integral type deepwater offshore harbour (100); It comprises the platform of at least one construction; This platform has top, harbour deck (1) and mole bottom (2); Said mole bottom be shaped as cuboid (12); This cuboid (12) is formed by N plane; And have benchmark summit, bottom and upper level summit, wherein, said harbour is seated in the deep water as being independent of the building of doing ground and going up any structure.
2. integral type deepwater offshore according to claim 1 harbour, wherein, said mole bottom be shaped as cuboid (12), this cuboid (12) is formed by six plane surfaces, and has bottom benchmark summit ABCD and upper level summit EFGH; Said cuboid is that the about 1m of the length of side is to how much long cubes of 10km; This cubical non-adjacent angle B, D, E and G are cut, and form surperficial S
B , S
D , S
E And S
G S
B , S
D , S
E And S
G A part that is shaped as the surface that is selected from the following: its centre of sphere is positioned at the sphere of immediate corner, the Any shape of prominent drum towards said cubical center, ellipsoid, or more complicated shape; In cubical, be formed centrally and assemble four tunnel T are arranged
B , T
D , T
E And T
G , the tetragonal passage that the surface that cuts out is interconnected with formation; The cross section in said tunnel is cylindrical cross section or other shape; Six plane surfaces that stay on the former cubical surface are reference plane, more than modular marine structure with holes contact with other module through these reference planes.
3. an integral type deepwater offshore harbour (100); It comprises the platform of at least one construction; This platform has top, harbour deck (1) and mole bottom (2), it is characterized in that: said harbour is seated in the deep water as being independent of the building of doing ground and going up any structure.
4. integral type deepwater offshore according to claim 1 harbour; Said harbour comprise a plurality of can modular marine structure unit, interconnective prefabricated band hole (10), it is characterized in that: said harbour is the single structure that is integrated with harbour deck, bottom, deck and built-in mole.
5. integral type deepwater offshore according to claim 4 harbour is characterized in that: said harbour further comprises one or more in the following: be used for the device that natural deep water berths; Seabed animals and plants crowd's habitat; And artificial reef.
6. integral type deepwater offshore according to claim 1 harbour is characterized in that: said harbour further comprises the bridge that said deepwater offshore port is connected to dried ground.
7. integral type deepwater offshore according to claim 1 harbour is characterized in that: said harbour further comprises the pipeline that said deepwater offshore port is connected to dried ground.
8. integral type deepwater offshore according to claim 1 harbour is characterized in that: said harbour further comprises the tunnel that said deepwater offshore port is connected to dried ground.
9. method of building deepwater offshore integral type harbour is characterized in that: said method comprises that (a) builds the step on bottom, deck mole and the harbour deck that links to each other with bottom, said deck mole; And (b) shape of said mole bottom being formed the step of cuboid (12), this cuboid (12) is formed by N plane surface, and has benchmark summit, bottom and upper level summit.
10. method of building deepwater offshore integral type harbour is characterized in that: said method comprises the step of building bottom, deck mole and the harbour deck that links to each other with bottom, said deck mole.
11. method according to claim 10 is characterized in that:, form said harbour through modular marine structure unit, prefabricated band hole being installed and these element of construction being connected mutually.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14474509P | 2009-01-15 | 2009-01-15 | |
| US61/144,745 | 2009-01-15 | ||
| PCT/IL2010/000036 WO2010082198A2 (en) | 2009-01-15 | 2010-01-14 | A deep-water port |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102348853A true CN102348853A (en) | 2012-02-08 |
Family
ID=42340168
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010800119241A Pending CN102348853A (en) | 2009-01-15 | 2010-01-14 | A deep-water port |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120051845A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2376712A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5658168B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102348853A (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1007892A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010082198A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9683346B2 (en) | 2009-01-15 | 2017-06-20 | Ocean Brick Systems (O.B.S.) Ltd. | Perforated structure mountable onto a seabed |
| EP3305988B1 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2021-03-17 | Neptunetech Ltd. | Energy dissipater |
| NL2024156B1 (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-07-19 | Marine Innovations And Eng B V | Underwater modular structure, module of or for said underwater modular structure and method of constructing an underwater modular structure |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3383869A (en) * | 1965-01-18 | 1968-05-21 | Canadian Patents Dev | Marine piers |
| US3958426A (en) * | 1971-03-02 | 1976-05-25 | Sigurd Heien | Offshore harbor tank and installation |
| CN2504319Y (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2002-08-07 | 苏棋福 | Wave eliminating perforated sinkbox |
| WO2003002827A1 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-09 | Tamnor Management & Consulting Ltd. | Modular marine structures |
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| US3614866A (en) | 1969-02-21 | 1971-10-26 | Kyowa Concrete Kogyo Sapporo S | Polypod structure for civil engineering uses |
| US3877233A (en) * | 1972-08-28 | 1975-04-15 | Reid Middleton & Associates In | Floating breakwater system |
| US3765353A (en) * | 1973-02-02 | 1973-10-16 | Us Navy | Module connectors |
| US3844125A (en) | 1973-07-13 | 1974-10-29 | J Williams | Anti-erosion device |
| ZA743522B (en) * | 1974-06-04 | 1975-10-29 | J Watson | Floating breakwater |
| US4067285A (en) * | 1975-04-02 | 1978-01-10 | Jones Robert M | Modular floating structure |
| FR2449164A1 (en) | 1979-02-14 | 1980-09-12 | Sogreah | ARTIFICIAL BLOCK FOR MARITIME AND RIVER STRUCTURES |
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| JPS61294016A (en) * | 1985-06-20 | 1986-12-24 | Ohbayashigumi Ltd | Method and apparatus for refloating of gravity-type underwater structure |
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2010
- 2010-01-14 US US13/144,394 patent/US20120051845A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-01-14 BR BRPI1007892A patent/BRPI1007892A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-14 JP JP2011545837A patent/JP5658168B2/en active Active
- 2010-01-14 EP EP10706752A patent/EP2376712A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-01-14 WO PCT/IL2010/000036 patent/WO2010082198A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-01-14 CN CN2010800119241A patent/CN102348853A/en active Pending
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| US3383869A (en) * | 1965-01-18 | 1968-05-21 | Canadian Patents Dev | Marine piers |
| US3958426A (en) * | 1971-03-02 | 1976-05-25 | Sigurd Heien | Offshore harbor tank and installation |
| CN2504319Y (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2002-08-07 | 苏棋福 | Wave eliminating perforated sinkbox |
| WO2003002827A1 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-09 | Tamnor Management & Consulting Ltd. | Modular marine structures |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI1007892A2 (en) | 2018-03-13 |
| WO2010082198A2 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| WO2010082198A3 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
| JP2012515280A (en) | 2012-07-05 |
| JP5658168B2 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
| US20120051845A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
| EP2376712A2 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
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