CN115573297A

CN115573297A - Coastal pontoon bridge

Info

Publication number: CN115573297A
Application number: CN202110688379.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨俊�
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-06-21
Filing date: 2021-06-21
Publication date: 2023-01-06

Abstract

A coastal pontoon bridge is characterized in that a sea area is selected in a coastal shallow water area, a floating breakwater, a pontoon head and a serial coastal pontoon bridge ship are built, a classic pontoon bridge or a caisson is connected, a coastal pontoon bridge system is built and connected to the shore land, and vehicles, personnel, equipment and materials are loaded and unloaded by the ship stopping on the pontoon head, and the large amount of transportation is carried out between the shore land and the pontoon head quickly through the pontoon bridge. Military, the system can be used for establishing a temporary coast pontoon bridge to quickly convey a large amount of personnel materials to shore after landing for war victory; or vice versa, from shore to vessel. Civil use, can be used for building a coastal pontoon bridge at the seaside without ports and wharfs and loading and unloading goods for ships at berth; the device can also be used for coastal emergency rescue, and people, materials and equipment can be transported or evacuated in an emergency by temporarily building a coastal pontoon bridge.

Description

Coastal pontoon bridge

The pontoon bridge is a floating bridge formed by connecting boats or floating bodies. The device is mainly used for overcoming river obstacles in military. The coastal pontoon bridge provided by the invention is to build the pontoon bridge between the sea and the land on the shore as the name implies, and is more complex than the pontoon bridge in the classical sense; firstly, erecting a floating breakwater in shallow sea near a coast to form a temporary harbor basin which greatly reduces the influence of waves; secondly, a floating dock is placed in the temporary harbor basin in the shallow sea instead of leading the ship from the bank to the opposite bank; and the third is that the pontoon bridge leading from the pontoon head to the coastal land needs to be connected in series by a special coastal pontoon bridge ship, and the pontoon bridge body in the classical meaning can be connected in series in an intertidal zone, floats up in the tide rising process, is in hard contact with the beach in the tide falling process, and has to ensure that the pontoon bridge is uninterrupted no matter in the tide rising or tide falling condition, so that the vehicle can pass between the pontoon head and the coastal land conveniently, and the aim is to quickly transport a large amount of material and equipment personnel between the sea and the land. In a word, a small sea area is selected in a coastal and nearshore shallow water area, a floating breakwater, a pontoon head and a pontoon bridge are built, and the pontoon bridge on the coast is connected to land on the shore, so that vehicles can conveniently run on the pontoon head from a ship parked on the pontoon head and then run on the land on the shore through the pontoon bridge, or the operation is carried out in the reverse direction.

In military affairs, a landing combat attack party controls a plurality of beach and coast areas outside ports and docks, one area is selected, namely a temporary harbor pool with wave and wind preventing functions, a floating dock and a pontoon bridge are established in a shallow sea area unexpected by enemies, and the coastal pontoon bridge is built, so that a large amount of personnel, materials and equipment are conveyed to the shore in a short time. Likewise, a defense can also build such a seashore pontoon bridge for rapid transport or evacuation of personnel and material installations.

There are two civil application scenarios. The first is that such a seashore pontoon bridge can be built in a sea island lacking infrastructure to ship ore to the outside, and a pontoon can be built at a lower cost to ship ore to a cargo ship docked at the pontoon. In the aspect of emergency rescue, in an island or coastal area where tsunami earthquake occurs, if an original wharf is damaged and rescue is urgently needed, the coastal pontoon bridge can be built as a temporary pontoon for quickly conveying or evacuating personnel and material equipment.

Technical Field

1. Relates to a floating breakwater and even relates to an offshore oil containment boom.

2. Relates to a pontoon (pontoon), a deck barge or a semi-submersible ship and the like.

3. Relates to the ship and water traffic technology, such as pontoon bridges, landing boats, trimarans and the like.

4. Relates to the technology and mechanical equipment for earthwork construction, estuary construction and road construction.

5. Relates to subjects and technologies of marine and offshore hydrology, climate, landform and the like.

6. Relates to the use of tugboats and anchor boats.

Technical Field

1. The floating breakwater has a certain academic exploration, and has a certain range of practical application in some ports and seaside farms. In the present invention, the floating breakwater needs to be reinforced and, if necessary, to be multiply installed.

2. The pontoon, also called the wharf boat, according to needs, needs a plurality of wharfs to link together and form a pontoon sometimes, can also refute and serve as interim pontoon with the deck with semi-submersible vessel for berth naval vessel loads and unloads goods and materials, personnel and equipment etc.. The deck barge is divided into an unpowered deck barge and a self-propelled deck barge, and sometimes the deck barge is required to be used as a pontoon during offshore engineering construction, for example, the deck barge can be used as a temporary pontoon during the construction process of an offshore wind farm. Semi-submersible vessels usually have a wide main deck and are superior in wind and wave resistance to deck barges or pontoons, but the use cost of the semi-submersible vessel is much higher.

3. The pontoon bridge is a floating bridge formed by connecting boats or floating bodies and is mainly used for overcoming river obstacles in military. Landing boats are small boats and transport or carrying military strength tools that navigate in the ocean; it is commonly used during an amphibious attack to transport or carry landing military forces (e.g., infantry and combat vehicle) from sea to shore. The trimaran shares a main deck and an upper structure, two side pieces of the trimaran can only be regarded as appendages, the displacement of the trimaran only accounts for less than 10% of the total displacement, and the length of each piece is less than one third of the total length of the ship. The main function of the sheet body is to improve the stability and wave resistance of the ship. The invention relates to a pontoon bridge, a landing boat (ship) and a trimaran concept and technology, wherein the pontoon bridge is connected to coastal land from a pontoon head, the classical pontoon bridge is mainly used for inland river traffic, and when near-shore shallow sea is used for connecting the coastal land, the pontoon bridge needs to be modified, including but not limited to wind and wave resistance, stability and modification of connecting devices so as to be suitable for coastal environments (additionally patented).

4. Since the coastal pontoon bridge is a channel established between the offshore and the land, the possibility of construction in the field without infrastructures such as roads and the like and on coastal mudflats is high, in the process of constructing the pontoon bridge, earth and stone engineering construction and road engineering construction are inevitably needed, even a temporary Bailey bridge needs to be constructed, a certain amount of construction machinery and personnel need to be equipped, and the construction ship can be used for construction in harbors.

5. In the second time of war, the army has abundant landing practice. Between suitable coastal land and beach and extremely shallow underwater bank slope, the army uses caisson as road bed, builds trestle, and puts the springboard of landing ship on trestle to form channel, so that the vehicle can quickly pass between land and landing ship.

6. Tugboats and anchor boats. The tug is divided into a harbor serving as a tug and an ocean tug. The floating breakwaters, the floating docks, the coastal pontoon bridges and the pontoon bridges of the coastal pontoon bridges need to be towed by tugboats in place or positioned in an auxiliary manner when sea areas and sites are built. The floating breakwaters, the floating docks, the coastal pontoon bridges and the pontoon bridges need to be anchored and positioned, and anchor boats are used.

Disclosure of Invention

The coastal pontoon bridge mainly comprises a floating breakwater, a pontoon head, a coastal pontoon bridge ship (which is additionally applied with a utility model patent) and a pontoon bridge (or a caisson) which is paved in an intertidal zone. The pontoon may be an unpowered deck barge, a self-propelled deck barge, or a semi-submersible vessel.

The aim is to build a temporary wind-sheltering and wave-preventing harbor pool in the shallow sea close to a coastline, build a floating pier and a pontoon bridge (formed by connecting a plurality of coastal pontoon bridge ships, a classical pontoon bridge and even a caisson in an end-to-end manner) adapting to sea conditions in the temporary wind-sheltering and wave-preventing harbor pool, communicate with land on the shore, and rapidly transport a large amount of personnel and material equipment between the land and the pontoon bridge.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general arrangement of the coastal pontoon bridge.

From the attached drawings of the specification, most of the unfolded coastal pontoon bridge part 3 is a whole formed by a floating breakwater, a floating dock and the coastal pontoon bridge and the pontoon bridge (or a caisson), respectively. The main body of the coastal pontoon bridge and the surrounding shallow sea, beach and land are composed as follows according to Arabic numerals in the figure:

1 is a floating dock;

2 is coast pontoon bridge + pontoon bridge (or caisson);

3 is a floating breakwater;

4, shallow sea and beach;

5 is a coastline;

gray areas, represented by 6, are land

Detailed Description

The coastal pontoon bridge is generally divided into three states, namely a standby state, a use preparation state and a use state.

And a standby state. The floating breakwater, the coast pontoon bridge, the pontoon bridge and other auxiliary mechanical equipment can be stored and placed on the pontoon head. The floating breakwater, the coast pontoon bridge and the pontoon bridge are placed on the pontoon head in a stacking and reinforcing mode. Other ancillary machinery may be stored on the pontoon or may be temporarily removed from the pontoon when needed or desired and placed on the ancillary vessel.

The ready state is used. The pontoon is towed to a destination sea area by a tugboat, or sails to the destination sea area by self power with self-sailing capability, or is loaded to the destination sea area by a semi-submersible ship for unloading. Preferably, the predetermined sea area is selected to have a water depth of at least about 10 m to 20 m so that the vessel is in position for the purpose of sailing, and the floating breakwaters, coastal pontoon and ancillary mechanical equipment may be unloaded simultaneously after anchoring the pontoon. The floating breakwater is unfolded and anchored, and a temporary harbor pool capable of resisting waves is formed in front of the pontoon, so that a ship subsequently loaded with vehicle equipment can be conveniently berthed to the pontoon to be unloaded; a floating breakwater is unfolded and anchored in a water area with a certain distance from two sides of a preset built coastal pontoon bridge ship serial connection body so as to protect a floating bridge which is built by equipment such as a coastal pontoon bridge ship and the like and leads to the land from being attacked by sea waves. The required number of coastal pontoon ships are unfolded, connected and anchored to build a floating bridge to land. According to the specific situation, a classic pontoon bridge or a floatable or non-floatable trestle bridge formed by connecting caissons is laid in an intertidal zone. In intertidal zones and beaches, engineering machinery such as a bulldozer, an excavator and the like is required to excavate, build and level temporary foundations and road surfaces.

In a use state, a ship carrying a plurality of vehicle devices stops at the pontoon, and the vehicle drives out of the ship through the springboard to the pontoon, runs through the built coast pontoon bridge and runs to the land. Or in the opposite direction, from land through a seashore pontoon bridge to a pontoon and into a vessel resting on the pontoon, or loading and unloading cargo material at the pontoon and repeatedly transporting it between the pontoon and land.

Claims

1. The coastal pontoon bridge comprises a floating breakwater, a pontoon head and a coastal pontoon bridge ship which are connected in series.

2. According to claim 1, in coastal and offshore shallow water areas, a temporary passage is established to be connected to shore land by constructing a floating breakwater, a pontoon and a pontoon bridge, so that vehicles can travel from a ship docked at the pontoon to the pontoon, and then to shore land through the pontoon bridge, or vice versa.

3. According to claim 1, the coastal pontoon is further applied to a conventional pontoon for laying in an intertidal zone, connecting a coastal pontoon ship to a shore land, and for this purpose, bay construction and earth and stone construction machinery are used, as well as a classical pontoon or caisson.

4. According to claim 1, the construction and positioning of the coastal pontoon bridge requires the use of tugboats and anchor boats.

5. According to claim 1, the coastal pontoon bridge is used in military applications for establishing temporary pontoons for rapid mass transport of personnel to and from shore after landing for victory operations, or for rapid mass evacuation of personnel from shore.

6. According to claim 1, the seashore pontoon bridge is used for civil use for building a pontoon system at seaside without port terminals for loading and unloading cargo to and from a docked ship; and can also be used for coastal emergency rescue and for emergency transportation or evacuation of personnel, supplies and equipment.