Multilayer combined type vacuum stone molding device
Technical field
The present invention relates to stone material and artificial synthesis stone shaped device field, specifically a kind of multilayer combined type vacuum stone molding device.
Background technology
The existing production technology as architectural coating lithotome, that famine material sawing and grinding two master operations less to crack make sheet material, and be that broken rear stirring further and vacuum vibration two master operations are shaping to its rubble, then make synthetic plate through sawing and grinding step.Along with the scale exploitation of Dunhuang, Gansu Province jade, Inner Mongol rosy quartz and Shanxi obsidian, how the more serious mineral of these high rigidity and crack are carried out to the problem of trans-utilization, in fact challenge is proposed to processing of stone technology, also may form the industry that one is referred to as " jade building materials " thus.Wherein artificial quartz in lump is to resin-based compound, with the pressing element of built-in vibrator, carry out from above firmly pressing the vacuum vibration formation into feature, its thin slabstone is shaping piecewise, and shaping after the thin plate heating cure case that inserts multilayer more respectively complete solidification, the shaping piecewise and solidification of such stone material is separately carried out, and greatly reduces operating efficiency.And shaping for the monolithic of the quartz sand material body compared with large gauge, by the excited frequency of power frequency and the restriction of amplitude, the packing index of its product is difficult to reach 2.5g/cm
3, and its more equipment link makes its complex operation and cost is too high.Chinese patent one " production method of jade type macadam polymerization plate ", application number is 201010538199.5, slashings is adopted to splice the technique of compound again, make it keep certain lumpiness with approximate former structure polymerization and utilize to some extent, but there is the more problem of equipment link in its pressure vibration moulding of rubbing piecewise, does not especially also relate to the buckling deformation problem that certainly exists of splicing composite plate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the above-mentioned shortcoming existed to solve existing stone material shaped device, and provide a kind of multilayer combined type vacuum stone molding device.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of multilayer combined type vacuum stone molding device, comprise the vacuum tank that two ends arrange hermatic door, be placed in the transmission chassis in vacuum tank on double track and be stacked in the template on transmission chassis, vacuum tank pushes up the exhaust tube and vent valve that are respectively equipped with and communicate with vacuum tank inner space outward, vacuum tank top is also fixed with oil cylinder (cylinder), the stopper rod of oil cylinder or cylinder down and stretch into vacuum tank inside, stopper rod end is hinged with the pressing element being positioned at vacuum tank, vacuum tank internal box wall is also provided with heater, wherein, the lifting frequency of described oil cylinder (cylinder) is 0.02-2Hz, the bottom of described vacuum tank is provided with support spring and 2 ~ 6 vibrators, and the vibration frequency of vibrator is 50-300Hz, on described transmission chassis, alignment stacks the template that at least two pieces are provided with frame successively, and frame between each template is supported with some Compress Springs respectively.
During use, first be arranged in be stacked in by being coated with the crack slabstone of glue or slashings and compound transmission chassis is established in each layer template of frame, transmission chassis is pushed in vacuum tank by double track, close the hermatic door on vacuum tank, now will take out vacuum processed in vacuum tank by the exhaust tube at vacuum tank top, and start the oil cylinder (cylinder) at vacuum tank top, the stopper rod of oil cylinder (cylinder) drives the pressing element in vacuum tank to carry out to the multilayer template be stacked on platform transmission chassis the vibration of repeated compression up and down that each lamellar spacing distance changes between 0-100mm, its vibration frequency is 0.02-2Hz, when pressing element decline is compressed template, the clearance distance of its each layer will close and gradually to downward-extension from upper strata, to each template be made by lower and upwards increase clearance distance in the uphill process of pressing element, also start the vibrator be located at bottom vacuum tank simultaneously, the vibration frequency of vibrator is 50-300Hz, with vibrator, bottom vibration is carried out to vacuum tank and template, the vibration formed with the fast lifting of pressing element coordinates, the compound made in each layer template is subject to the impulsive force of both direction, and by the elevating control of pressing element, this two-sided percussion is shifted at each interlayer, in sum, the exciting force that such vibrator produces from vacuum tank bottom and the low frequency exciting force that oil cylinder (cylinder) produces from vacuum tank top, and the vibration processes jointly forming its amplitude variations is coordinated with the Compress Spring between template, the support spring bottom vacuum tank, to promote the compound in each layer template fine and close, the stone composite board plate intensity produced is higher, simultaneously the air-flow of vent valve when discharging vacuum moves impulsive force the compound in template also can be made to produce certain compaction, can repeat the cycling of the extraction vacuum of 2-5 time.After exciting process completes, just carry out heating cure operation in vacuum tank, in heating cure process, pressing element can be fallen to press down each layer template, make each layer template spacing close to zero, utilize the compression stress of pressing element to stop the stone composite board in template to deform in solidification; After heating cure completes, opening encapsulation door transmission chassis sends out each template stacked, and each template is carried out the separation of block-by-block and stripping and complete the composite molding of stone material after cooling with hoisting device.
Further, the Compress Spring number supported between each template described is the proportional arrangement of 1:1 or 1:1.5 or 1:2 by certain one deck and lower one deck, because when the template number of plies is more, the pressure that template is more down subject to can be larger, therefore for ensureing that the distance between each template is consistent substantially, when arranging Compress Spring between template, Compress Spring number can be arranged by the mode increased successively from top to bottom.Wherein, between each template, the supporting way of Compress Spring is: offer several circular holes at the upper surface of each Form board frame, and be connected with in the position of the corresponding circular hole of the lower surface of Form board frame the cylinder matched with circular hole, then Compress Spring is assemblied in Correspondent cy linder on the frame of adjacent two templates up and down and circular hole.
Base plate in described vacuum tank between double track is that boss is arranged, and boss height is lower than the height of transmission chassis; In vacuum tank, two opposite side walls is fixed with short sleeve respectively, be inserted with vertically disposed pull bar in short sleeve, the dual-side of pressing element is connected with fairlead, pull bar interts in the fairlead of pressing element, and pull bar above fairlead is fixed with screens block, be also connected with lifting fixture block bottom pull bar.Wherein, pull bar can carry out playing stable steering effect to pressing element in upper and lower compression process at pressing element, to prevent the problem such as inclination or sideslip of pressing element in motion process, in addition, when pressing element upwards shrinks, the screens block be fixed on above pressing element fairlead on pull bar can be blocked, pull bar is upwards mentioned together with the lifting fixture block being fixed in pull bar bottom, promote fixture block can block again and mention the template be stacked on transmission chassis, just transmission chassis can be exited vacuum tank after mentioning template, and then the pressing element that declines, by pull bar and promote fixture block and template declined and is placed on the boss in vacuum tank between double track, doing so avoids vacuum tank when vibrating, the also and then vibration in vacuum tank of transmission chassis, protect transmission chassis not shattered.
The frame of described each template offers identical hole at same position, in hole, is inserted with positioning vertical column from top to down, pressing element just offers to the position above positioning vertical column the hole that diameter is greater than positioning vertical column diameter.When template is compressed by pressing element, positioning vertical column can play positioning and guiding effect to template, prevents template from occurring sideslip problem when being extruded by pressing element.
Compared with prior art, what the present invention adopted polylith template successively stacks mode, and carry out resiliency supported respectively with Compress Spring, the elastic combination structure of its clearance distance is also controlled with pressing element, the distance between template can be utilized to carry out vacuumizing and heating, also promote the densification of its compound with its template and frame close to compression stress when contacting with each other, prevent the buckling deformation of solidifying the later stage by its extruding force simultaneously; The clearance distance respective change between each template is driven in the lifting of pressing element, and in the synthesis oscillation process formed along with the eigentone of the support spring bottom Compress Spring, vacuum tank between the vibration of bottom and template, formed above it by making certain one deck and carry out impacting below and the condition shifted gradually simultaneously, thus reaching good fine and close effect with moderate compression stress and dual exciting force; By vacuum, add gentle bottom and vibrate three kinds of action methods and can complete glue preferably to the infiltration of crack sheet material and complete its solidification process with the utensil of heating that it is set up simultaneously, transfer to after avoiding strike-through that solidification case brings again loaded down with trivial details and simplify the structure of production line.
The present invention has the shaping function with the sheet material comprehensive process of multi-disc crack of multiple composite plates, also there is the function of buckling deformation in the solidification of restriction composite plate, to stack the structure simplifying forming production line with the feature of resiliency supported, be applicable to the comprehensive processing of the crystalline mineral such as siliceous jade, obsidian, agate and rosy quartz, and have the effect turned waste into wealth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
In figure: 1-vacuum tank, 2-transmission chassis, 3-template, 4-boss, 5-exhaust tube, 6-vent valve, 7-oil cylinder or cylinder, 8-stopper rod, 9-pressing element, 10-heater, 11-support spring, 12-vibrator, 13-Compress Spring, 14-short sleeve, 15-pull bar, 16-screens block, 17-promote fixture block, 18-positioning vertical column.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, apparatus of the present invention are further described, it should be noted that embodiment is illustrative, any restriction is not done to apparatus of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of multilayer combined type vacuum stone molding device, comprise the vacuum tank 1 that two ends arrange hermatic door 4, the template 3 being placed in the transmission chassis 2 in vacuum tank 1 on double track and being stacked on transmission chassis 2, outer top is respectively equipped with the exhaust tube 5 and vent valve 6 that communicate with vacuum tank 1 inner space with vacuum tank 1, vacuum tank 1 is also fixed with oil cylinder or cylinder 7 on pushing up, the stopper rod 8 of oil cylinder or cylinder 7 down and to stretch into vacuum tank 1 inner, stopper rod 8 end is hinged with the pressing element 9 being positioned at vacuum tank 1, vacuum tank 1 internal box wall is also provided with heater 10, wherein, the lifting frequency of described oil cylinder or cylinder 7 is 0.02-2Hz, the bottom of described vacuum tank 1 is provided with support spring 11 and 2 ~ 6 vibrators 12, and the vibration frequency of vibrator 12 is 50-300Hz, on described transmission chassis 2, alignment stacks the template 3 that at least two pieces are provided with frame successively, and frame between each template 3 is supported with some Compress Springs 13 respectively.
When concrete enforcement, Compress Spring 13 number arranged between each template 3 described is the proportional arrangement of 1:1 or 1:1.5 or 1:2 by certain one deck and lower one deck, because when template 3 number of plies is more, the pressure that template 3 is more down subject to upper former 3 is larger, therefore for ensureing that the distance between each template 3 is consistent substantially, when arranging Compress Spring 13 between template 3, Compress Spring 13 number can be arranged by the mode increased progressively successively from top to bottom.Wherein, the supporting way of each template 3 Compress Springs 13 is: offer several circular holes at the upper surface of each template 3 frame, and be connected with in the position of the corresponding circular hole of the lower surface of template 3 frame the cylinder matched with circular hole, then Compress Spring 13 is assemblied in Correspondent cy linder on the frame of adjacent two templates 3 up and down and circular hole.
Base plate between the double track in described vacuum tank 1 is that boss 4 is arranged, and boss 4 height is lower than the height of transmission chassis 2; In vacuum tank 1, two opposite side walls is fixed with short sleeve 14 respectively, vertically disposed pull bar 15 is inserted with in short sleeve 14, the dual-side of pressing element 9 is connected with fairlead, pull bar 15 interts in the fairlead of pressing element 9, and pull bar 15 above fairlead is fixed with screens block 16, be also connected with bottom pull bar 15 and promote fixture block 17.Pull bar 15 1 aspect is for pressing element 9 plays stable steering effect; the rising by pressing element 9 on the other hand; bottom driving pull bar 15, affixed lifting fixture block 17 rises; thus hold up the template 3 that transmission chassis 2 stacks; order transmission chassis 2 can exit vacuum tank 1, and protection transmission chassis 2 is not vibrated by vacuum tank 1 and damages.
The frame of described each template 3 offers identical hole at same position, in hole, is inserted with positioning vertical column 18 from top to down, pressing element 9 just offers to the position above positioning vertical column 18 hole that diameter is greater than positioning vertical column 18 diameter.Positioning vertical column 18 plays stable steering to each layer template 3.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the carbon steel sheet of 10mm thickness to make 8 pieces of templates 3 of band frame, seal ring thickness is 24mm, and integrally, template 3 specification within its frame is 249*129cm for both justified margin and spot welding; It is 38mm that frame upper surface center line along its length gets out diameter respectively, the degree of depth is several circular holes of 30mm, and the diameter that is welded in its template lower surface corresponding circle hole site is 16mm cylinder, the cylinder forming upper and lower two templates 3 can insert with circular hole the structure coordinated, then by length H
ofor 80mm, stiffness K is in the Compress Spring 13 of the 130N/mm cylinder that is assemblied in adjacent two template 3 correspondences up and down and circular hole, start with the gap between first of the superiors piece of template 3 and second piece of template 3, down the number of selection Compress Spring 13 is successively: 4,8,16,32,64,128,256, and the clearance distance between each layer template 3 is remained between 30-40mm respectively; Be installed on the center line at vacuum tank 1 top with two oil cylinders 7, the pressing element 9 that the stopper rod 8 at its break-through vacuum tank 1 top and its both sides arrange pull bar 15 connects, and oil cylinder 7 piston stroke is 600mm; Vibrator 12 3.7KW vibrating motor 6, point two rows coaxially install and reversed operation; Heater 10 adopts heating, makes the temperature inside the box reach 100 DEG C of configurations by 10min; Lay four and exceed in the template 3 at next-door neighbour frame place the square adhesive tape that framed height is 2-3mm, and on template 3 bottom surface the offset plate of lay one deck 4-5mm thickness and cardboard.
The shaping process of this routine composite plate is according to Chinese patent " production method of jade type macadam polymerization plate ", and application number is 201010538199.5 enforcements.After taking out vacuum processed, fall pressing element 9, and with lifting frequency repetitive operation in 10min of 1Hz, Vibration on Start-up device 12 carries out frequency is simultaneously 300Hz vibration, makes the composite plate of vibration and compressed fit shaping; Unsaturated-resin consumption be 9% matrix material with splicing slashings complete shaping after, carry out heating cure with heater 10 with the temperature of 95 DEG C, when heating to 25min, fall pressing element 9 and make the clearance distance of each interlayer template 3 close to zero; After warm-up time reaches 50min, rise pressing element 9 again through release vacuum, opening encapsulation door, send each template 3 and carry out the Post RDBMS of 60min at normal temperatures, piecewise discretely-formed composite plate and template 3 and calmly thick grinding step complete its process.
Embodiment 2
The template 3 of this example shares 3 pieces, and framed height is 35cm, width is 3cm, and framed bottom is bolt fastening structure with template 3; Compress Spring 13 length is 15cm, and mounting means is with embodiment 1, and the Compress Spring number between three pieces of templates, from top to bottom for being respectively 12 and 18, makes the clearance distance between three layers of template remain on about 100mm; Install 2 vibrators 12 in the bottom of vacuum tank 1, carry out through-flow control with its spaced 60 ° of electrical angles and produce the frequency of 50Hz.
This example adopts the Dunhuang of Gansu Guazhou County rosy quartz that is beautiful and Inner Mongol to carry out the shaping of the famine material body of close esting, and its building stones particle diameter is 2-15cm; Compound as blind is the resin of 10% with mass ratio, and the aluminium hydrate powder of 22% and the transparent stone grain of 1-10mm particle diameter are mixed into the material body of thick glutinous shape jointly; 35cm height framed in point two-layer carry out stone arrangement, two-layer lay compound above, but upper strata compound is placed with stack and does not fill completely it, makes vacuum take out power processed and can extend to lower floor; Carry out the elastic compression of carrying out its 3 pieces of templates 3 and the two-layer elasticity of compression 13 in the process vibrated with pressing element 9 with the lifting frequency of 2Hz under vacuo with bottom, the top vibration frequency of its later stage 0.1Hz carries out vibrating and compressing; Famine material body circular saw through cold curing carries out sawing, and its subsequent handling is identical with embodiment 1.The effect that its sheet material is reached good jade effect by the translucence of its close esting and inserts and turned waste into wealth.
Embodiment 3
Basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is: template 3 shares 6 pieces, and the Compress Spring number between every block template is all 8, and Compress Spring 13 mounting means is with embodiment 1; The template 3 of the superiors pushed down by pressing element 9, and carries out lifting compression with the lower frequency of 0.02Hz; The vibrator 12 installed bottom vacuum tank is 4 hydraulic vibration exciters, and the stopper rod of vibrator, through the both sides of pushing up after the base plate of vacuum tank 1 to orlop template 3, carries out to template 3 vibration that vibration frequency is 150Hz.This example to go out with agate and crystal sawing and the slashings ftractureed carries out the close splicing that its gap width is 1-3mm; matrix is the glutinous shape material be mixed into the mylar liquid of 20% mass ratio and aluminium hydrate powder and crystal sand grains; make the siliceous beautiful thin plate that its top layer is artistry splicing, matrix and siliceous beautiful gap thereof are the light-passing boards that polyester liquid is combined into.
Embodiment 4
Though this example is used for having certain crack but the stone material do not ruptured carries out the intensive treatment of vacuum strike-through, the mode of being polymerized with former structure keeps the attribute of its lithotome.The process of vacuum strike-through is: there is minute fissure but the hair plates do not disconnected to the 10-20mm thickness that sawing goes out, among the frame being arranged in 5 pieces of templates 3 piecewise, still resiliency supported is carried out respectively with Compress Spring 13 between each template 3, the number of the Compress Spring 13 between each layer template 3 is all 6, and mounting means is with embodiment 1; With the liquid of epoxy resin and auxiliary agent mixing, one surface or two surfaces are sprayed or are coated with the process of scraping, its resin liquid thickness is that 0.1-1mm transmits chassis 2 and to transmit in template 3 to vacuum tank 1, hold up template 3 backed off after random chassis 2 with pull bar 15 again and then fall template 3, template 3 is put on the boss 4 bottom vacuum tank 1; With heater 10, the early stage that the template 3 stacked and thin plate carry out 35-55 DEG C is heated and gets rid of steam wherein; Carry out vacuum by the vacuum close to-0.1MPa and take out system, and pressing element 9 push down the superiors' template 3 carry out lifting frequency be the compression of 0.02Hz time, Vibration on Start-up device 12 carries out the vibration of 1-3min, and vibration frequency is 200Hz; Carry out the heating cure of 40-55min time by the temperature of 80-95 DEG C of heater 10, and carry out the release of 2-4 time in period of heating---take out the cycling of vacuum processed.Thus form profound glue infiltration by higher vacuum-draw power.
Embodiment 5
Apparatus of the present invention can also be used for shaping sheet can prevent composite plate buckling deformation when heating cure, concrete technology is: the 3 pieces of templates 3 being placed with shaping sheet be successively stacked on transmission chassis 2, still carry out resiliency supported respectively with Compress Spring 13 therebetween, the number of Compress Spring 13 is respectively 6 and 12 from top to bottom, and mounting means is with embodiment 1; After closing hermatic door, carry out 85-100 DEG C heating with heater 10, the time being increased to 85 DEG C from room temperature is 10min; After the heating of 25-40min, drive pressing element 9 to compress the template 3 stacked with oil cylinder 7, the rise that 2-4 secondary frequencies is 0.02Hz, the cycling of falling can be carried out by interval 1-2min therebetween, finally keep impaction state; After cooling, opening encapsulation door, sends transmission chassis 2 and template 3, has both completed the heating cure process of splicing composite plate or synthetic quartz slabstone.