CN102338096B - 立式自吸泵 - Google Patents

立式自吸泵 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102338096B
CN102338096B CN201010238241.1A CN201010238241A CN102338096B CN 102338096 B CN102338096 B CN 102338096B CN 201010238241 A CN201010238241 A CN 201010238241A CN 102338096 B CN102338096 B CN 102338096B
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pump
impeller
deflector
fixed
ring
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CN102338096A (zh
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项光辉
姜祥勋
陈怀玉
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Wenzhou Kangerda Industry Co Ltd
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Wenzhou Kangerda Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201010238241.1A priority Critical patent/CN102338096B/zh
Priority to US13/812,529 priority patent/US20130189124A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2011/070749 priority patent/WO2012013030A1/zh
Priority to BR112013001997-2A priority patent/BR112013001997B1/pt
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Priority to US15/245,370 priority patent/US9841030B2/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/026Selection of particular materials especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08Sealings
    • F04D29/16Sealings between pressure and suction sides
    • F04D29/165Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/167Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for liquid pumps of a centrifugal flow wheel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18Rotors
    • F04D29/22Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2261Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures
    • F04D29/2266Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures for sealing or thrust balance
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D9/00Priming; Preventing vapour lock
    • F04D9/007Preventing loss of prime, siphon breakers
    • F04D9/008Preventing loss of prime, siphon breakers by means in the suction mouth, e.g. foot valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D9/00Priming; Preventing vapour lock
    • F04D9/02Self-priming pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/20Rotors
    • F05B2240/30Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/20Inorganic materials, e.g. non-metallic materials
    • F05B2280/2006Carbon, e.g. graphite
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/20Inorganic materials, e.g. non-metallic materials
    • F05B2280/2007Carbides
    • F05B2280/20071Carbides of silicon
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/40Organic materials
    • F05B2280/4005PTFE [PolyTetraFluorEthylene]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种立式自吸水泵,包括泵体、电机和介质回流阻隔装置。泵体的内腔由隔断板分隔成气液分离室和储液室,隔断板的上表面上固定有导流体,电机固定在泵体的顶面上且电机带动泵轴垂直向下穿入泵体内腔中,泵轴的下端固定有叶轮,叶轮的外圆与导流体轴向通孔的内壁之间形成回流间隙通道,介质回流阻隔装置包括上、下相对设置的静环和动环以及弹性支承套,动环嵌装在叶轮上,弹性支承套固定在导流体的上表面上,静环嵌装在弹性支承环的下表面上。本发明在泵正常工作时,介质回流阻隔装置中的弹性支承套在液体压力的作用下产生向下变形,使动、静环紧密接触阻断回流间隙通道,因此克服了因循环回流而产生的容积损失,提高了泵效率。

Description

立式自吸泵
技术领域
本发明涉及泵,具体涉及立式自吸泵。
背景技术
自吸泵能够在进液管内不用充满液体(但泵体中必须有足够的液体)的情况下启动泵,泵本身能自动排除进液管内的气体,而后进入正常工作。泵在初次启动时必须灌入足够的液体,以后启动时则由存留在泵体内的液体来保证泵能再次启动。自吸泵从工作原理上可分为内混合和外混合两种型式,内混式是指在叶轮进口附近进行气液混合,而外混合是指在叶轮外缘处进行气、液混合。外混合式自吸泵的结构如图1所示,泵第一次启动前,首先在其泵腔内灌满水,泵启动后,叶轮1高速旋转,将叶轮流道2中的液体排出,于是在叶轮1的进液口处形成负压,进液管4内的空气被吸入泵腔内,与泵腔内的液体混合生成气液混合物,气液混合物再经叶轮1上叶轮流道2排出至泵腔上部的气液分离室,由于出口面积的突然增大,流速急剧下降,气液产生分离,析出的空气通过泵的出水管5排出,而液体由于比重大下沉,经回流间隙3回流到叶轮1的外缘处,继续与吸入的空气混合,如此反复循环,逐渐将进液管4中的空气排尽,使液体进入泵腔内,完成自吸过程。
然而,上述结构的自吸泵,由于回流间隙3的存在,正常工作时,存在着介质在压力作用下不间断地循环回流,造成了极大的容积效率损失,经试验测算,其容积效率损失约为8%左右,从而严重降低了泵的整体效率,由于效率的降低,泵达不到正常的流量、扬程,同时还增加了能耗。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是解决水泵效率低的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案是提供一种立式自吸水泵,包括泵体、电机和介质回流阻隔装置。
所述泵体的内腔由隔断板分隔成上、下设置的气液分离室和储液室,隔断板上设有通孔,隔断板的上表面上固定有导流体,导流体设有轴向通孔以及与该轴向通孔相通的径向导流孔,导流体的轴向通孔与隔板上的通孔同轴;所述电机固定在泵体的顶面且驱动垂直向下穿入泵体内腔中的泵轴转动,泵轴的下端固定有叶轮,所述叶轮设置在导流体的轴向通孔内,叶轮的外圆与轴向通孔的内壁之间的间隙形成回流间隙通道;所述介质回流阻隔装置包括上、下相对设置的静环和动环以及弹性支承套,所述动环嵌装在叶轮上且其上端面高于叶轮的上端面,所述弹性支承套的外缘向下延伸形成支脚,该支脚固定在导流体的上表面上,所述静环嵌装在弹性支承环的下表面上。
在上述方案中,所述动环和静环的材质为硬质合金、碳化硅、陶瓷、石墨或聚四氟乙烯。
本发明,在叶轮的上端面上设置有介质回流阻隔装置,在泵正常工作时,介质回流阻隔装置中的弹性支承套在液体压力的作用下产生向下变形,使动、静环紧密接触阻断回流间隙通道,因此克服了因循环回流而产生的容积损失,提高了泵效率5%-8%。
附图说明
图1为现有自吸泵结构示意图;
图2为本发明的结构示意图;
图3为本发明的介质回流阻隔装置结构示意图;
图4为本发明的介质回流阻隔装置工作状态示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作出详细的说明。
如图2所示,本发明包括泵体10、电机20和介质回流阻隔装置30。
所述泵体10具有一个内腔,该内腔由隔断板11分隔成上、下设置的气液分离室12和储液室13,气液分离室12上设有出液管14,出液管14上设有止回阀15,储液室13上设有进液管16,进液管16上设有真空破坏阀17。
隔断板11上设有通孔,气液分离室12和储液室13通过该通孔相连通,隔断板11的上表面上固定有导流体18,导流体18设有轴向通孔以及与该轴向通孔相通的径向导流孔19,导流体18的轴向通孔与隔断板11上的通孔同轴。
所述电机20固定在泵体10的顶面上且电机20带动垂直向下穿入泵体10的内腔中的泵轴21转动,泵轴21的下端固定有叶轮22,叶轮22的内部设有叶轮流道23,叶轮22设置在导流体18的轴向通孔内,叶轮流道23的进口与储液室13相通,叶轮流道23的出口通过导流体18的径向导流孔19与气液分离室12相通,叶轮22的外圆周面与导流体18的轴向通孔的内壁之间的间隙形成回流间隙通道24。
所述介质回流阻隔装置30的结构如图3所示,包括上、下相对设置的静环32、动环31和弹性支承套33,动环31嵌装在叶轮22的上端面上且动环31的上端面高于叶轮22的上端面,弹性支承套33具有一圆环形的本体,该圆环形本体的外缘向下延伸形成支脚,支脚的下端设有凸缘,凸缘通过压块34固定在导流体18的上表面上,静环32嵌装在弹性支承套33的本体的下表面上且静环32的下端面突出于弹性支承套33的本体的下表面。动环31和静环32相对的端面均作镜面磨削加工,其材质可根据介质的不同情况分别选用硬质合金、碳化硅、陶瓷、石墨或F4(聚四氟乙烯)等。
下面结合图2、图3和图4对本发明的使用过程加以说明。
如图2、图3所示,本发明启动抽真空时,弹性支承套33在其本身弹力的作用下,动环31和静环32分离,气液分离室12分离出的液体经由动环31和静环32之间的间隙进入叶轮22外圆与导流体18之间的回流间隙通道24回流到叶轮22的外圆处,与从进液管16中吸入的空气进行气液混合,再由叶轮22排出至气液分离室12进行气液分离,如此反复循环,不断排除进液管16中的空气,完成抽真空启动程序,图3中箭头方向为液体流动方向。
当抽真空完成进入正常工作时,如图4所示,随着泵腔内水压升高,叶轮22排出的液体压力作用在弹性支承套33的上表面上,使其上表面产生向下的变形,压迫静环32的下端面紧密贴合动环31的上端面,从而形成密封,阻断了介质的继续回流,从根本上克服因循环回流而产生的容积损失,提高了泵的效率5%-8%,图4箭头方向为液体流动方向。
泵停止工作时,止回阀15迅速关闭,阻断了出液管14中高位介质的回流,同时泵进液管上的真空破坏阀17同步打开,空气进入进液管16,破坏了进液管16里的真空状态,彻底避免了因虹吸现象所引发的泵内介质回流排空的缺陷,水泵储液室中始终保持着被抽送介质,实现了一次引流灌液,水泵终身自吸的目的。
本发明不局限于上述最佳实施方式,任何人应该得知在本发明的启示下作出的结构变化,凡是与本发明具有相同或相近的技术方案,均落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.立式自吸泵,包括:
泵体,其内腔由隔断板分隔成上、下设置的气液分离室和储液室,隔断板上设有通孔,隔断板的上表面上固定有导流体,导流体设有轴向通孔以及与该轴向通孔相通的径向导流孔,导流体的轴向通孔与隔板上的通孔同轴;
电机,固定在泵体的顶面上且驱动垂直向下穿入泵体内腔中泵轴转动,泵轴的下端固定有叶轮,所述叶轮设置在导流体的轴向通孔内,叶轮的外圆与轴向通孔的内壁之间的间隙形成回流间隙通道;
其特征在于,还包括介质回流阻隔装置,所述介质回流阻隔装置包括上、下相对设置的静环和动环以及弹性支承套,所述动环嵌装在叶轮上且其上端面高于叶轮的上端面,所述弹性支承套的外缘向下延伸形成支脚,该支脚固定在导流体的上表面上,所述静环嵌装在弹性支承环的下表面上。
2.如权利要求1所述的立式自吸泵,其特征在于所述动环和静环的材质为硬质合金、碳化硅、陶瓷、石墨或聚四氟乙烯。
CN201010238241.1A 2010-07-28 2010-07-28 立式自吸泵 Active CN102338096B (zh)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201010238241.1A CN102338096B (zh) 2010-07-28 2010-07-28 立式自吸泵
US13/812,529 US20130189124A1 (en) 2010-07-28 2011-01-28 Vertical self-priming pump
PCT/CN2011/070749 WO2012013030A1 (zh) 2010-07-28 2011-01-28 立式自吸泵
BR112013001997-2A BR112013001997B1 (pt) 2010-07-28 2011-01-28 a bomba de auto-escorvamento verticias
US15/245,370 US9841030B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2016-08-24 Vertical self-priming pump

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CN201010238241.1A CN102338096B (zh) 2010-07-28 2010-07-28 立式自吸泵

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CN102338096A CN102338096A (zh) 2012-02-01
CN102338096B true CN102338096B (zh) 2015-09-09

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WO (1) WO2012013030A1 (zh)

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CN103527494B (zh) * 2013-09-30 2015-12-23 合肥工业大学 一种用于离心泵的自吸装置
CN107620713A (zh) * 2017-08-10 2018-01-23 曹后存 一种新型卫生自吸泵
CN107816450B (zh) * 2017-09-27 2024-09-20 江苏建安泵业制造有限公司 一种用于车载介质卸出的泵型系统
CN109869258A (zh) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-11 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 一种高水头水泵水轮机转轮双密封减压结构
CN110319026B (zh) * 2019-04-25 2024-04-19 台州瑞亿机电有限公司 一种旋流自吸泵
CN115247649B (zh) * 2020-10-19 2024-05-28 兰州理工大学 一种无密封自吸泵
CN112096617B (zh) * 2020-10-26 2023-11-17 大连海特泵业有限公司 立式自吸泵
CN115573919B (zh) * 2022-10-08 2024-03-15 利欧集团浙江泵业有限公司 一种兼顾汽蚀与水力性能的立式自吸泵结构

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BR112013001997A2 (pt) 2016-06-14
CN102338096A (zh) 2012-02-01
US20130189124A1 (en) 2013-07-25
WO2012013030A1 (zh) 2012-02-02
US9841030B2 (en) 2017-12-12
BR112013001997B1 (pt) 2021-02-02
US20160363124A1 (en) 2016-12-15

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