CN102323140A - Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test - Google Patents
Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test Download PDFInfo
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- CN102323140A CN102323140A CN201110230495A CN201110230495A CN102323140A CN 102323140 A CN102323140 A CN 102323140A CN 201110230495 A CN201110230495 A CN 201110230495A CN 201110230495 A CN201110230495 A CN 201110230495A CN 102323140 A CN102323140 A CN 102323140A
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Abstract
A sample and a clamp for a thin walled tube high temperature tensile test. A width of a sample gauge length segment equals to a diameter of bearing apertures on two ends of the sample. A transitional arc is between a boss and the gauge length segment for transition, wherein the transitional arc has a radius half the difference between a gauge length segment width and the bearing aperture diameter of a same specification sample before improvement. Two sliders of the clamp are respectively jointed with a trough inner wall; a male die and a female die are arranged between the two sliders and embedded into inner grooves on the sliders; a convex surface of the male die is cooperated with a concave surface of the female die, and two slides are fixed on a mount through a stop dog; the sample, the male die, the female die and the two sliders are connected on fixed positions through a pin. The sample and the clamp provided by the invention are cooperated to realize accurate positioning, uniform and stable gauge length segment deformation and no wrinkling of the bearing apertures of a thin walled tube high temperature stretching arc sample in the high temperature tensile test, so that tested data expresses performance parameters of a sample material accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material thermoforming field, specifically is a kind of sample and anchor clamps that are used for the thin walled tube high temperature tension test.
Background technology
Thin walled tube is meant that the ratio of diameter and wall thickness of tubing is greater than 20; thin walled tube is because its numerical control cold bending bending moment of its wall thickness is big; manufacturing deficiency, especially more difficult shaping specification product under small-bend radius such as be prone to wrinkling, pipe outside excessive thinning, break.The tubing resistance of deformation reduces under the hot bending condition, plastic fluidity increases, and can effectively solve an above-mentioned difficult problem.In order to formulate rational numerical control hot bending process parameter and to realize the accurate values modeling analysis, need at high temperature the thin walled tube arc sample to be carried out tension test to obtain the material property parameter of tubing under the relevant temperature.No matter thick-wall tube or thin-wall pipes at present; The used sample of its high temperature tension test still is to adopt traditional hot-stretch arc sample; Traditional hot-stretch arc sample is the hot-stretch arc sample according to State Standard of the People's Republic of China's " metal material high temperature tension test " GB/T.4338-1995 design; Gauge length section width is greater than the force-bearing hole diameter; What the gauge length section carried out the transition to the boss employing simultaneously is the transition right angle, and traditional hot-stretch arc sample is primarily aimed at thick-wall tube, for thin-wall pipes; Be prone to owing to tube wall thickness is thin near right angle transitional region that the gauge length section carries out the transition to boss and force-bearing hole, to occur that stress is concentrated causes that the gauge length section ruptures unusually, the force-bearing hole unstability is wrinkling, its test findings is the mechanical behavior under high temperature of characterization sample material accurately; The anchor clamps that are used for high temperature tension test of standard too simple and can not accurate positioning and clamping not tight.Thin-wall pipes is meant that the ratio of pipe diameter and wall thickness is greater than 20; Use and thin-wall pipes as if arc sample that traditional hot is stretched; Unstability is wrinkling because gauge length section width greater than the diameter of force-bearing hole, causes in the high tension test process force-bearing hole outer edge to be easy to generate that stress is concentrated; Traditional hot-stretch sample marking distance section carries out the transition to boss and adopts the transition right angle, and in the drawing by high temperature process, the sample of thin-walled the transition right angle here more is prone to produce stress and concentrates the unusual fracture of generation.For traditional high temperature tension test anchor clamps; Because it does not have clamping action; Holding force is prone to inadequately and skids; And traditional high temperature tension test anchor clamps location is inaccurate to be its inherent shortcoming, and patent " a kind of anchor clamps of testing the thin-wall pipes high temperature tensile properties " (patent announcement number: CN 201222026Y) be primarily aimed at the high temperature tension test of minor diameter thin wall pipe whole tube section sample, and be not suitable for clamping large diameter thin wall pipe drawing by high temperature arc sample; Patent " a kind of tensile test fixture " (patent announcement number: CN 201069347U) since the anchor clamps of invention directly and the cupping machine clamping device assemble, heating furnace can't be installed, so be difficult to use in high temperature tension test; Patent " a kind of universal testing machine drawing pipe test fixture " (patent announcement number: mainly be CN 201222026Y), can not be used for high temperature tension test to the anchor clamps of cold stretch test.Therefore,, need effectively improve, the drawing by high temperature anchor clamps are carried out appropriate design, concentrate, be out of shape evenly and process stabilization so that the thin walled tube arc sample is unstressed in drawing by high temperature to the drawing by high temperature sample based on above problem.
Summary of the invention
That unusual fracture, force-bearing hole take place is stressed excessive and make the wrinkling and gauge length section of force-bearing hole outward flange unstability be out of shape inhomogeneous unsettled defective for being prone in the drawing by high temperature process of overcoming that hot-stretch arc sample in the prior art exists produces that transition right angle stress that the gauge length section carries out the transition to boss is concentrated; While is not fastening owing to the clamping sample in order to overcome, the inaccurate test figure that causes in clamping location is inaccurate.The present invention proposes a kind of sample and anchor clamps that are used for the thin walled tube high temperature tension test based on above problem.
Middle part of the present invention is the gauge length section, and the two ends of gauge length section have two boss respectively at the sample middle part; And two boss of each end lay respectively on the dual-side of specimen width, and the two ends of sample have force-bearing hole respectively; On the center line that is centered close to the specimen length direction of said force-bearing hole.It is characterized in that the width of described gauge length section is identical with the diameter of the force-bearing hole that is positioned at the sample two ends.Through the transition arc transition, the radius of described transition arc is 1/2 of the difference of the gauge length section width of the same specification sample before improving and force-bearing hole diameter between boss and the gauge length section.
The anchor clamps of the sample of said thin walled tube high temperature tension test comprise fixed mount, two slide blocks, punch, die and four blocks; Two slide blocks are positioned at the draw-in groove of fixed mount, and fit with the inwall of said draw-in groove respectively; Punch and die all between two slide blocks, embed respectively in the inner groovy on the slide block.The convex surface of punch cooperates with the concave surface of die, and through four blocks two slide blocks is fixed on the fixed mount.Through bearing pin sample, convex concave mould and two slide blocks are located by connecting.
Said fixed mount one end and cupping machine are connected; The other end center of fixed mount is useful on the draw-in groove that slide block and mould are installed.Angle between the axis of draw-in groove both sides inner wall surface and fixed mount is 9 °.
The oblique angle on said slide block inclined-plane is 9 °; At the center of slide block, the mounting hole of bearing pin is arranged.
The curvature of the concave surface of die is identical with the curvature of sample outer round surface.The curvature of the convex surface of punch is identical with the curvature of sample internal circular surfaces.The mounting hole that bearing pin is arranged at the center of die and punch.And the position of the bearing pin mounting hole on the position of this bearing pin mounting hole and the slide block is corresponding.
Traditional hot-stretch sample marking distance section width is greater than the diameter of force-bearing hole; Excessive that unstability takes place is wrinkling owing to stressed for not yielding and force-bearing hole in the drawing by high temperature process, and the transition right angle of the employing between gauge length section and the boss is easy to produce stress and concentrates and unusual fracture takes place simultaneously.The width of the gauge length section of the thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample after the improvement is reduced to identical with the force-bearing hole diameter; The used power of the gauge length section of sample distortion reduces in the drawing by high temperature process; Make more easy deformation of gauge length section, reduced the stressed of force-bearing hole simultaneously and the wrinkling trend of force-bearing hole unstability is reduced; The interim form that the gauge length section of the thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample after the improvement carries out the transition to boss adopts transition arc; When thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample is carried out drawing by high temperature; It is concentrated that described transition arc can not produce excessive stress, avoids stress to concentrate and make sample fracture unusually in the drawing by high temperature process.The anchor clamps that are used for high temperature tension test with interlocking structure that the present invention proposes utilize interlocking principle; In the draw-in groove of two slide blocks at fixed mount along axis direction when the draw-in groove mouth moves; The draw-in groove inwall of the skew wall of two slide blocks and V-arrangement shape cooperatively interacts and two slide blocks is constantly clamped; Because two slide block inner groovies embed mould is arranged, sample is housed on the mould, the effect of the final effect of two slide blocks of clamping is to make the mold cramping sample avoid loosening.The anchor clamps with interlocking structure of the thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample after the improvement and the present invention's design cooperatively interact; Final realize the accurate positioning in high temperature tension test of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample, the distortion of gauge length section is uniform and stable and force-bearing hole that unstability does not take place is wrinkling, thereby make the performance parameter of the accurate characterization sample material of the test figure that records.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 hot-stretch arc sample front view;
Fig. 2 thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample front view;
Fig. 3 thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample three-dimensional plot;
The three-dimensional explosive view of Fig. 4 anchor clamps
The structural representation of Fig. 5 anchor clamps;
The structural representation of Fig. 6 fixed mount;
Fig. 7 slide block and mould three-dimensional plot.Wherein:
1. boss 2. gauge length sections 3. transition arcs 4. force-bearing holes 5. fixed mounts
6.V shape groove 7.V shape groove inwall 8. slide blocks 9. slide block inner groovies 10. punch
11. convex mould surface 12. dies surface 13. dies, 14. slide block outer surfaces
15. pivot pin 16. blocks
Embodiment
Present embodiment is a kind of sample that is used for the thin walled tube high temperature tension test.When the tubing specification reaches D/t＞20, promptly pipe diameter/wall thickness is greater than 20, and the tubing of specification is thin walled tube like this.It is that Ф 76.2 * 1.0668mm (diameter * wall thickness) thin-wall stainless steel is processed that present embodiment adopts specification, and wherein D/t=71.43 belongs to thin walled tube greater than 20.Described sample comprises gauge length section 2, transition arc 3, boss 1 and the force-bearing hole 4 of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Present embodiment is that the hot-stretch arc sample improvement of same specification in the prior art is obtained thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample.
Present embodiment is the lath-shaped that the middle part is narrow, two ends are wide.The middle part of described sample is a gauge length section 2, and the width of this gauge length section 2 is identical with the diameter of the force-bearing hole that is positioned at the sample two ends 4, and in the present embodiment, the diameter of force-bearing hole 4 is 10mm, and the width of gauge length section 2 also is 10mm.On the center line that is centered close to the specimen length direction of said force-bearing hole 4.The two ends of gauge length section 2 have two boss 1 respectively at the sample middle part; And two boss 1 of each end lay respectively on the dual-side of specimen width.Pass through transition arc 3 transition between boss 1 and the gauge length section 2; The radius of described transition arc 3 is 1/2 of the difference of the gauge length section width of the same specification sample before improving and force-bearing hole 4 diameters; In the present embodiment; The gauge length section width of the same specification sample before improving and the difference of force-bearing hole 4 diameters are 6mm, so the radius of transition arc 3 is 3mm.
Present embodiment has also proposed a kind of anchor clamps that are used for the sample of above-mentioned thin walled tube high temperature tension test.As shown in Figure 3, the specimen holder of described thin walled tube high temperature tension test comprises fixed mount 5, two slide blocks 8, punch 10, die 13 and blocks 16.Two slide blocks 8 are positioned at the draw-in groove of fixed mount 5, and fit with the inwall of said draw-in groove respectively.Punch 10 and die 13 all between two slide blocks 8, embed respectively in the inner groovy 9 on the slide block; The convex surface of punch 10 cooperates with the concave surface of die 13, and through block 16 punch 10 in the inner groovy 9 on two slide blocks 8 and the embedding slide block is fixed on the fixed mount 5 with die 13.The bare terminal end of convex concave mould clamping sample, convex concave mould are to embed in the groove 9 of two slide blocks, 8 madial walls, and the width of draw-in groove is identical with the width of two slide blocks 8, through bearing pin sample, convex concave mould and two slide blocks 8 is located by connecting.
As shown in Figure 5.Fixed mount 5 integral body are right cylinder, and its outer round surface is stepped.Fixed mount 5 one ends are smaller diameter end, and the outer round surface of this smaller diameter end has screw thread, are used for fixed mount 5 and cupping machine are connected.There is draw-in groove at the other end center of fixed mount 5, is used to install slide block and mould.Draw-in groove is from the end face of fixed mount 5 middle parts to this fixed mount other end.The width at the notch place of said draw-in groove makes this draw-in groove V-shaped less than the bottom land of draw-in groove; Angle between the both sides inner wall surface of draw-in groove and the axis of fixed mount 5 is 9 °.At the outer round surface of fixed mount 5, symmetry be fixed with 4 blocks, and described 4 blocks are divided into two groups, lay respectively at place, draw-in groove two side
At fixed mount 5 one side outer round surface, symmetry be fixed with 2 blocks 16, and described block lays respectively at the both sides of draw-in groove notch.At fixed mount 5 opposite side outer round surface, also symmetry be fixed with 2 blocks, and described block lays respectively at the both sides of draw-in groove notch.
As shown in Figure 6.The structure of 2 slide blocks 8 is identical.A surface of slide block 8 is the plane, and another surface is the inclined-plane, and the oblique angle on this inclined-plane is 9 °.Slide block inner groovy 9 is arranged on the plane of slide block 8, and the physical dimension of this slide block inner groovy 9 is being embedded as die 13 and punch 10 suitable respectively.At the center of slide block 8 length directions and Width, the mounting hole of bearing pin 15 is arranged, through this bearing pin 15 slide block 8 and die 13 and punch 10 are connected.
Mould is a rectangular block shape, comprises die 13 and punch 10.A surface of die 13 is the plane, and another surface is a concave surface; The curvature of said concave surface is identical with the curvature of sample outer round surface.A surface of punch 10 is the plane, and another surface is a convex surface; The curvature of said convex surface is identical with the curvature of sample internal circular surfaces.
At die 13 and the length direction center of punch 10 and the joint place at Width center, the mounting hole of bearing pin 15 is arranged, and the position of bearing pin 15 mounting holes on the position of these bearing pin 15 mounting holes and the slide block 8 is corresponding.
After slide block 8 is packed draw-in groove into; Because the both sides inwall 7 of draw-in groove is smooth; Slide block 8 easy on and off are slided; Simultaneously the V-arrangement shape of draw-in groove 6 constantly clamps two slide blocks 8 to lower slider, and four blocks 16 through draw-in groove 6 edges are used for anti-limited slip block 8 along the moving radially of fixed mount 5, thereby realization constantly clamps sample mould; Effectively avoid thin-wall pipes drawing by high temperature sample force-bearing hole 4 places to produce that stress is concentrated, anchor clamps can not clamp sample and locate not accurate enough and defective such as process of the test instability, simple to operate, accurate positioning simultaneously.
Whole test needs two fixed mounts 5, four identical slide blocks 8, two cover convex concave mould, two bearing pins 15 and thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc samples.The use that cooperatively interacts of the anchor clamps with interlocking structure of the present invention's improved thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample and design makes the thin walled tube sample material performance parameter of obtaining to the thin walled tube high temperature tension test that test figure characterized more accurate.Thin-wall pipes is because its wall thickness; Its high temperature tension test requires higher to sample; If adopt hot-stretch arc sample of the prior art; defectives such as the right angle transition section that the gauge length section carries out the transition to boss ruptures unusually, the force-bearing hole unstability is wrinkling appear in the high temperature arc tensile sample of thin-walled easily in the drawing by high temperature process, so hot-stretch arc sample of the prior art is not suitable for the thin-wall pipes high temperature tension test; Simultaneously the anchor clamps on the standard tensile testing machine can not guarantee thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample is accurately located and guaranteed that clamping is loosening; Designed the anchor clamps that are used for high temperature tension test with interlocking structure to these defectives, the thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample after being used for anchor clamps that high temperature draws tension test and cooperate improving of the present invention can guarantee that the test figure of obtaining reflects the performance parameter of sample material really and accurately.The concrete process of the test of the anchor clamps with interlocking structure of the present invention's improved thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample and design is following:
1, earlier two fixed mounts 5 are fastened on the cupping machine, the axis that requires two fixed mounts 5 point-blank, and the notch of fixed mount 5 aligns each other and aligns.
2, two punch 10 are embedded into respectively in two slide blocks 8; Then with bare terminal end intrados of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample punch 10 of fitting; Require the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of sample to overlap with the center of circle of the through hole of applying punch 10 central authorities of institute; Die face with die 13 fits on the convex globoidal of this bare terminal end of sample then; Require the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of sample to overlap with the center of circle of the through hole of applying die 10 central authorities of institute equally, with a slide block 8 nested firmly these dies 13, at this moment the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of the center of circle of the center of circle of two slide blocks, 8 central authorities, convex concave mould central authorities and this end bare terminal end of sample is point-blank again; Form a long through hole, pass this through hole with a bearing pin two slide blocks 8, convex concave mould and sample are connected.
3, with another bare terminal end intrados applying another one punch 10 of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample; Require the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of sample to overlap equally with the center of circle of the through hole of applying punch 10 central authorities of institute; Die face with another die 13 fits on the convex globoidal of this bare terminal end of sample then; Require the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of sample to overlap with the center of circle of the through hole of applying die 10 central authorities of institute; Again with a slide block 8 nested firmly these dies 13; The center of circle of the center of circle of the center of circle of two slide blocks 8 central authorities, convex concave mould central authorities and the force-bearing hole 4 of this end bare terminal end of sample is point-blank, forms a long through hole, passes this through hole with another bearing pin two slide blocks 8, convex concave mould and sample are connected.
4, after two of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample bare terminal end clampings well, integral body one end that clamping is good is put into the draw-in groove of a fixed mount 5 earlier, and with four blocks on the fixed mount 5 16 it is blocked, with fastening the getting final product of screw on four blocks 16.
5, the stretching platform of adjustment testing machine; Make distance between two fixed mounts 5 reach can clamping is good the whole other end of sample put into the draw-in groove of another one fixed mount 5; It is blocked equally, with fastening the getting final product of screw on four blocks 16 with four blocks on the fixed mount 5 16.
6, finish through the above-mentioned steps clamping that sample is complete, heat then, carry out high temperature tension test when reaching the high-temperature temperature of setting and get final product.
Claims (5)
1. sample that is used for the thin walled tube high temperature tension test, the middle part of sample is gauge length section (2), at the two ends of sample middle part gauge length section (2) two boss (1) is arranged respectively; And two boss (1) of each end lay respectively on the dual-side of specimen width, and the two ends of sample have force-bearing hole (4) respectively; The center of circle of said force-bearing hole (4) is positioned on the center line of specimen length direction; It is characterized in that the width of described gauge length section (2) is identical with the diameter of the force-bearing hole that is positioned at the sample two ends (4); Through transition arc (3) transition, the radius of described transition arc (3) is 1/2 of the difference of the gauge length section width of the same specification sample before improving and force-bearing hole (4) diameter between boss (1) and the gauge length section (2).
2. anchor clamps that are used for the sample of the said thin walled tube high temperature tension test of claim 1; It is characterized in that the anchor clamps of the sample of said thin walled tube high temperature tension test comprise fixed mount (5), two slide blocks (8), punch (10), die (13) and four blocks (16); Two slide blocks (8) are positioned at the draw-in groove of fixed mount (5), and fit with the inwall of said draw-in groove respectively; Punch (10) and die (13) all are positioned between two slide blocks (8), embed respectively in the inner groovy (9) on the slide block; The convex surface of punch (10) cooperates with the concave surface of die (13), and through four blocks (16) two slide blocks (8) is fixed on the fixed mount (5); Through bearing pin (15) sample, convex concave mould and two slide blocks (8) are located by connecting.
3. like the said a kind of anchor clamps that are used for the sample of thin walled tube high temperature tension test of claim 2, it is characterized in that fixed mount (5) one ends and cupping machine are connected; The other end center of fixed mount (5) is useful on the draw-in groove that slide block and mould are installed; Angle between the axis of described draw-in groove both sides inner wall surface and fixed mount (5) is 9 °.
4. like the said a kind of anchor clamps that are used for the sample of thin walled tube high temperature tension test of claim 2, it is characterized in that the oblique angle on slide block (8) inclined-plane is 9 °; There is the mounting hole of bearing pin (15) at center in slide block (8).
5. like the said a kind of anchor clamps that are used for the sample of thin walled tube high temperature tension test of claim 2, it is characterized in that the curvature of the concave surface of die (13) is identical with the curvature of sample outer round surface; The curvature of the convex surface of punch (10) is identical with the curvature of sample internal circular surfaces; The mounting hole that bearing pin (15) are arranged at the center of die (13) and punch (10); And the position of bearing pin (15) mounting hole on the position of this bearing pin (15) mounting hole and the slide block (8) is corresponding.
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| CN201110230495.3A CN102323140B (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2011-08-11 | Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test |
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| CN201110230495.3A CN102323140B (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2011-08-11 | Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test |
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Application publication date: 20120118 Assignee: Jiangsu New Hengji Special Equipment Co., Ltd. Assignor: Northwestern Polytechnical University Contract record no.: 2015320000218 Denomination of invention: Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test Granted publication date: 20140820 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20150415 |
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