CN109163973B - Thin-walled tube sample loading device - Google Patents
Thin-walled tube sample loading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109163973B CN109163973B CN201811165199.8A CN201811165199A CN109163973B CN 109163973 B CN109163973 B CN 109163973B CN 201811165199 A CN201811165199 A CN 201811165199A CN 109163973 B CN109163973 B CN 109163973B
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0274—Tubular or ring-shaped specimens
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thin-walled tube sample loading device, which relates to the field of crack propagation measurement and comprises a clamp and a sleeve, wherein the clamp consists of a first semi-cylinder, a first cube, a second semi-cylinder and a second cube, one end of the first semi-cylinder is fixedly connected with one surface of the first cube, one end of the second semi-cylinder is fixedly connected with the second cube, the sleeve comprises a first semi-sleeve and a second semi-sleeve, the first semi-sleeve is sleeved on the first semi-cylinder, and the second semi-sleeve is sleeved on the second semi-cylinder. According to the invention, through reasonable clamp design, the thin-walled tube sample does not generate large plastic deformation in the cracking process, the design of the half casing pipe effectively prevents the influence of galvanic corrosion on crack propagation, and meanwhile, the sizes of the clamp and the half casing pipe can be correspondingly changed according to the size of the thin-walled tube sample, so that the universality is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crack propagation measurement, in particular to a thin-walled tube sample loading device.
Background
The axial crack propagation rate of the thin-walled tube is obtained, and the method has important significance for evaluating the behaviors of fatigue, corrosion fatigue, stress corrosion (SCC) cracking and the like of the thin-walled tube. Because the wall thickness of the thin-wall pipe is very thin, the cracking process of the thin-wall pipe has obvious plastic deformation and does not meet the requirement of linear elastic fracture mechanics, and therefore, the quantitative obtaining of the crack propagation rate of the thin-wall pipe is very difficult. First, the geometry of the thin walled tube does not meet the specimen profile and loading requirements specified by the ASTM standard. The traditional slow strain rate stretching method generally uses a stretched sample of a flattened thin-walled tube, and changes of a microstructure of a material and redistribution of internal stress are introduced, so that great uncertainty is caused. Secondly, if a thin-wall tubular sample with the same geometric shape as the thin-wall tube is used, the correct stress distribution state of the tubular material is difficult to simulate at high temperature by adopting a unidirectional tensile test; meanwhile, due to the small deformation amount, the fracture performance of the low-plasticity material is difficult to be evaluated correctly in the unidirectional tensile test.
At present, the test methods widely used for measuring the crack propagation of structural materials all adopt standard samples recommended by national standards. According to the requirements of fracture mechanics, the crack propagation measurement needs to meet the strain criterion of the plane of the crack tip, which puts requirements on the thickness of a standard sample. The wall thickness of a common thin-walled tube sample is much smaller than the tube diameter, and the plane strain criterion of fracture mechanics cannot be met. If the thin-walled tube sample after flattening is adopted, the thickness of the thin-walled tube sample cannot meet the requirement, and extra stress is introduced due to flattening, so that the experimental result is influenced.
In addition, some studies have used a slow strain rate tensile method, which uses the energy at break (area enclosed by the load-elongation curve), elongation at break, time to failure, area of plastic reduction (% RA), and percent along grain fracture (% IG) to evaluate stress corrosion sensitivity. The slow tensile test method has the advantages of being capable of rapidly evaluating the stress corrosion cracking sensitivity of specific metal and environment combination, short in test period and high in test repeatability, but the method cannot distinguish crack initiation and crack propagation, cannot clearly give a crack propagation rate, and can underestimate and exaggerate the stress corrosion sensitivity.
For any test method for evaluating the fracture performance of thin-walled tubes, improvements in test design and analytical means are required so that crack propagation or fracture behavior can be correctly evaluated.
Accordingly, those skilled in the art have endeavored to develop a thin-walled tube sample loading structure. In the loading process, the reasonable clamp design ensures that the sample does not generate large plastic deformation in the cracking process and still approximately meets the plane strain fracture condition.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thin-walled tube sample loading structure device, which can satisfy one-way cracking without severe plastic deformation by adding a rotatable clamp inside a thin-walled tube sample, so that the tip of the crack satisfies the plane strain criterion of fracture mechanics.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a thin-walled tube sample loading device which comprises a clamp and a sleeve, wherein the clamp consists of a first semi-cylinder, a first cube, a second semi-cylinder and a second cube, one end of the first semi-cylinder is fixedly connected with one surface of the first cube, the flat surface of the first semi-cylinder is flush with the end surface corresponding to the first cube, one end of the second semi-cylinder is fixedly connected with the second cube, and the flat surface of the second semi-cylinder is flush with the end surface corresponding to the second cube; the sleeve comprises a first half sleeve and a second half sleeve, the first half sleeve is sleeved on the first half cylinder, and the second half sleeve is sleeved on the second half cylinder.
Furthermore, the sleeve is made of ceramic.
Furthermore, the extending end of the first semi-cylinder is provided with a first semi-circular groove along the width direction of the straight surface thereof, the extending end of the second semi-cylinder is provided with a second semi-circular groove along the straight surface thereof, and the first semi-circular groove corresponds to the second semi-circular groove in position and can form a circular through hole after being tightly attached together.
Further, a rotation pin is further included, the rotation pin being configured to be inserted into the circular through hole.
Further, the rotation pin is a ceramic rotation pin.
Further, the rotation pin has a diameter of 3 mm.
Further, a first through hole is formed in the middle of the first cube, and a second through hole is formed in the middle of the second cube.
Furthermore, the first half sleeve is provided with a third half slot at a position corresponding to the first half slot, and the second half sleeve is provided with a fourth half slot at a position corresponding to the second half slot.
Further, the side length of the first cube and the second cube is 16 mm.
Further, the length of the first semi-cylinder and the second semi-cylinder is 29.5 mm.
The invention has the following positive technical effects:
1. through the support of the clamp, the thin-walled tube sample is ensured not to generate large plastic deformation in the loading process, and the fracture mechanics criterion of plane strain is met;
2. loading the thin-walled tube sample through the clamp can research the axial crack propagation behavior of the thin-walled tube sample;
3. the thin-walled tube sample and the clamp are insulated by the sleeve, so that the crack expansion behavior is not influenced due to galvanic corrosion in a corrosive environment;
4. when the size of the thin-wall pipe sample is changed, the sizes of the clamp and the sleeve are changed correspondingly.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fixture according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a thin-walled tube sample according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the thin walled tube sample of a preferred embodiment of the present invention before and after loading.
Description of the reference numerals
The device comprises a sleeve 1, a first semi-cylinder 2, a first cube 3, a second semi-cylinder 4, a second cube 5, a rotating pin 6, a thin-wall tube sample 7, a first semi-sleeve 11, a second semi-sleeve 12, a first semi-circular groove 21, a second semi-circular groove 41, a first through hole 31, a second through hole 51, a first open groove 71 and a second open groove 72.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a thin-walled tube sample loading device, including a fixture and a casing 1, where the fixture is composed of a first semi-cylinder 2, a first cube 3, a second semi-cylinder 4, and a second cube 5. 2 one end of first halfcylinder and 3 one side fixed connection of first square, and the straight face of first halfcylinder 2 flushes with the terminal surface that 3 first squares correspond, 4 one ends of second halfcylinder and 5 fixed connection of second square, and the straight face of second halfcylinder 4 flushes with the terminal surface that 5 second squares correspond. The face that first halfcylinder 2 and second square 5 flush can hug closely together with the one face that second halfcylinder 4 and second square 5 flush, and first halfcylinder 2 and second halfcylinder 4 form the cylinder. Preferably, the overall structure of the clamp is axisymmetrically arranged.
The sleeve 1 comprises a first half sleeve 11 and a second half sleeve 12, wherein the first half sleeve 11 is sleeved on the first half cylinder 2, and the second half sleeve 12 is sleeved on the second half cylinder 4. When the first half cylinder 2 and the second half cylinder 4 are tightly attached together to form a cylinder, the first half sleeve 11 and the second half sleeve 12 are also tightly attached together to form the sleeve 1. The sleeve 1 prevents the thin-walled tube sample 7 from directly contacting with the clamp, so that galvanic corrosion between the thin-walled tube sample 7 and the clamp in a corrosive environment is avoided. Preferably, the sleeve 1 is made of ceramic.
The first semicircular groove 21 is formed in the extending end of the first semicircular cylinder 2 along the width direction of the straight surface of the first semicircular cylinder, the second semicircular groove 41 is formed in the extending end of the second semicircular cylinder 4 along the straight surface of the second semicircular cylinder, the first semicircular groove 21 corresponds to the second semicircular groove 41 in position, and a circular through hole can be formed after the first semicircular groove 21 and the second semicircular groove are tightly attached together.
The first half-sleeve 11 is provided with a third half-slot at a position corresponding to the first half-slot 21, the second half-sleeve 12 is provided with a fourth half-slot at a position corresponding to the second half-slot 41, and a circular hole can be formed when the third half-slot and the fourth half-slot are tightly attached together. Preferably the circular hole is the same diameter as the circular through hole formed by the first semicircular slot 21 and the second semicircular slot 41.
In the embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a rotating pin 6. The rotation pin 6 can be inserted into a circular through hole formed by the first semicircular groove 21 and the second semicircular groove 41 in close contact with each other, and the jig can be rotated around the rotation pin 6. Preferably, the rotating pin 6 is provided in a cylindrical shape, and the material of the rotating pin is ceramic, so as to play a role of insulation.
The thin-wall tube samples 7 with different sizes are matched by setting different sizes of the clamp and the rotating pin 6, so that the thin-wall tube samples 7 are prevented from deforming in the loading process.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first cube 3 is provided with a first through hole 31, preferably, the axial direction of the first through hole 31 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first semi-cylinder 2, and the second cube 5 is provided with a second through hole 51, preferably, the axial direction of the second through hole 51 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the second semi-cylinder 4. The first through hole 31 and the second through hole 51 provide an upward loading force and a downward loading force, respectively, during testing.
In the embodiment of the invention, the two ends of the thin-wall tube sample 7 are provided with the first open groove 71 and the second open groove 72, the first open groove 71 is a machining crack, and the second open groove 72 is used for avoiding deformation in the stretching process.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the first semi-cylindrical body 2 has a length of 29.5mm, a radius of 6.730mm, a tolerance range of 0.020mm, a radius of the first semi-circular groove 21 of 1.65mm, and an axial distance from the axis of the first semi-circular groove 21 to the end of the first semi-cylindrical body 2 extending outward is 3.65 mm; 3 length of side 16mm of first square, first through-hole 31 diameter 6.2mm, 31 axle centers of first through-hole are apart from first square 3 and the straight face of first semicolumn 2 and flush the terminal surface distance that corresponds and be 10mm, apart from the distance 9.5mm of the terminal surface of first square 3 and the 2 links of first semicolumn.
The overhanging end of first semicolumn 2 is equipped with a gamma type portion, and the vertical portion height of gamma type portion is 1mm, and the first side of vertical portion is 0.8mm apart from the straight face of first semicolumn 2, and vertical portion second side is 1.5mm apart from the arc surface edge of first semicolumn 2, and the horizontal part thickness of gamma type portion is 1mm, and the overhanging end of horizontal part flushes with the 2 arc surface edges of first semicolumn, and the horizontal part terminal surface 30 cuts to one side.
Because the whole structure of the clamp is axially symmetrically arranged, the length of the second semi-cylinder 4 is 29.5mm, the radius of the second semi-cylinder is 6.730mm, the error range is 0.020mm, the radius of the second semi-slot 41 is 1.65mm, and the axial distance between the axis of the second semi-slot 41 and the end part of the outward extending end of the second semi-cylinder 4 is 3.65 mm; (ii) a The 5 length of sides of second square 16mm, second through-hole 51 diameter 6.2mm, 31 axle centers of first through-hole are apart from the flat face of second square 5 and second halfcylinder 4 and flush the terminal surface distance that corresponds and be 10mm, apart from the distance 9.5mm of the terminal surface of second square 5 and second halfcylinder 4 link.
Furthermore, the overhanging end of the second semi-cylinder 4 is also symmetrically provided with a gamma-shaped part with the same size.
As shown in FIG. 3, the thin walled tube specimen 7 has an outer radius of 8.740mm and an inner radius of 7.730 mm; 2 grooves of the first open groove 71 are symmetrically arranged, the width of the groove opening is 0.500mm, and the depth of the groove opening is 2 mm; the 2 grooves of the second open groove 72 are symmetrically arranged, the width of the groove opening is 0.500mm, and the depth of the groove opening is 3 mm.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, it is a schematic diagram of the change situation of the thin-walled tube sample 7 before and after loading, when loading, a/W value is satisfied, where a is the distance from the loading line to the crack tip, and W is the distance from the loading line to the rotation axis, and in the rotation process of the device, the loading force is concentrated on the front section of the thin-walled tube sample 7, and the back is not stressed, so the deformation is mainly concentrated on the crack tip at the first end of the thin-walled tube sample 7.
Due to the adoption of a loading mode of unilateral stretching, the method greatly reduces the plastic zone of the crack tip of the thin-wall tube sample 7, and the thin-wall tube sample 7 has thinner wall thickness and small radian of the bending of a fracture zone, so that the fracture process of the thin-wall tube sample 7 can be approximately considered as a plane strain process, and the evaluation criterion of fracture mechanics is met.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811165199.8A CN109163973B (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Thin-walled tube sample loading device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811165199.8A CN109163973B (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Thin-walled tube sample loading device |
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| CN109163973A CN109163973A (en) | 2019-01-08 |
| CN109163973B true CN109163973B (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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| CN110108577B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2021-11-19 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | Axial bending loading device for thin-wall structure |
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| KR20000009204A (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-02-15 | 이계철 | Grip for tension test of buried pipe |
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