CN110823682A - Clamp for ultrahigh-temperature creep test - Google Patents
Clamp for ultrahigh-temperature creep test Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0071—Creep
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- G01N2203/0423—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using screws
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2203/0458—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils characterised by their material
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
一种用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具,包括:两个连接件(1)和两个U型底座(2);U型底座(2)包括两个平行设置的侧壁(21)、以及连接在两个侧壁(21)之间的横臂(22),两个U型底座(2)的开口相反且两个横臂(22)相互垂直;两个连接件(1)的一端分别与两个U型底座(2)的开口可拆卸连接,两个连接件(1)的另一端安装于高温蠕变装置上。具有良好的高温综合性能和优异的热疲劳性能,在1000℃以上的条件下可以超长时间对被测样品施加稳定载荷;同时对被测样品施加的外加压应力可以根据夹具两端的拉应力直接计算出来,结果准确可靠。
A fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test, comprising: two connecting pieces (1) and two U-shaped bases (2); the U-shaped base (2) includes two side walls (21) arranged in parallel, and The transverse arms (22) connected between the two side walls (21), the openings of the two U-shaped bases (2) are opposite and the two transverse arms (22) are perpendicular to each other; one end of the two connecting pieces (1) are respectively It is detachably connected with the openings of the two U-shaped bases (2), and the other ends of the two connecting pieces (1) are installed on the high temperature creep device. It has good high-temperature comprehensive performance and excellent thermal fatigue performance, and can apply a stable load to the tested sample for a long time under the condition of 1000 ℃ or higher; at the same time, the external compressive stress applied to the tested sample can be based on the tensile stress at both ends of the fixture. Calculated directly, the result is accurate and reliable.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及高温蠕变技术领域,特别涉及一种用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具。The invention relates to the technical field of high temperature creep, in particular to a fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test.
背景技术Background technique
高温蠕变是指金属材料在恒温、恒载荷的长期作用下缓慢的产生塑性变形的现象。在高温条件下,蠕变对构件产生的影响十分显著。由于施加应力方式的不同,可分为高温压缩蠕变、高温拉伸蠕变、高温弯曲蠕变和高温扭转蠕变。高温蠕变比高温强度能更有效地预示材料在高温下长期使用时的应变趋势和断裂寿命,是材料的重要力学性能之一,与材料的材质及结构特征有关。High temperature creep refers to the phenomenon that metal materials slowly produce plastic deformation under the long-term action of constant temperature and constant load. Under high temperature conditions, the effect of creep on components is very significant. Due to the different ways of applying stress, it can be divided into high temperature compression creep, high temperature tensile creep, high temperature bending creep and high temperature torsional creep. Compared with high temperature strength, high temperature creep can more effectively predict the strain trend and fracture life of the material when it is used for a long time at high temperature. It is one of the important mechanical properties of the material and is related to the material and structural characteristics of the material.
高温蠕变性能是评价材料力学性能的一个重要指标,国内在材料的高温拉伸蠕变和高温压缩蠕变实验上已有成熟的实验方法并已制定了相应的国家标准,高温拉伸蠕变和高温压缩蠕变实验设备目前也在市场上层出不穷,但当前没有用于1000℃以上的压缩蠕变装置和拉伸蠕变装置,当前的压缩蠕变装置的材料采用的是硬质合金,只能在800℃以下进行压缩蠕变试验。High temperature creep performance is an important index to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials. There are mature experimental methods for high temperature tensile creep and high temperature compression creep experiments of materials in China, and corresponding national standards have been formulated. And high-temperature compression creep experimental equipment is also emerging in the market, but there is currently no compression creep device and tensile creep device above 1000 ° C. The material of the current compression creep device is cemented carbide, only Compression creep test can be performed below 800°C.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
(一)发明目的(1) Purpose of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具,通过采用DZ22材料和DZ125材料制作该夹具,使得该夹具能够在1000℃以上的环境中进行高温压缩蠕变试验。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test. By using DZ22 material and DZ125 material to make the fixture, the fixture can perform high temperature compression creep test in an environment above 1000°C.
(二)技术方案(2) Technical solutions
为解决上述问题,根据本发明的一个方面,本发明提供了一种用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具,包括:两个连接件和两个U型底座;U型底座包括两个平行设置的侧壁、以及连接在两个侧壁之间的横臂,两个U型底座的开口相反且两个横臂相互垂直;两个连接件的一端分别与两个U型底座的开口可拆卸连接,两个连接件的另一端安装于高温蠕变装置上。In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test, comprising: two connecting pieces and two U-shaped bases; The side walls and the transverse arms connected between the two side walls, the openings of the two U-shaped bases are opposite and the two transverse arms are perpendicular to each other; one end of the two connecting pieces is detachably connected to the openings of the two U-shaped bases respectively , the other ends of the two connectors are installed on the high temperature creep device.
进一步的,侧壁上靠近U型底座开口的位置处设有第一连接孔,连接件的一端设置有第二连接孔,第二连接孔与第一连接孔相对应;销子依次穿过第一连接孔和第二连接孔,使得连接件与U型底座可拆卸连接。Further, a first connecting hole is provided on the side wall near the opening of the U-shaped base, and one end of the connecting piece is provided with a second connecting hole, and the second connecting hole corresponds to the first connecting hole; the pins pass through the first connecting hole in turn. A connecting hole and a second connecting hole enable the connecting piece to be detachably connected to the U-shaped base.
进一步的,连接件包括:固定连接的第一连接部和第二连接部;第一连接部为圆柱形的螺纹连接件,可拆卸连接在高温蠕变装置的拉杆上;第二连接部与U型底座可拆卸连接,第二连接孔设置在第二连接部上。Further, the connecting piece includes: a first connecting part and a second connecting part that are fixedly connected; the first connecting part is a cylindrical threaded connecting piece, which is detachably connected to the pull rod of the high temperature creep device; the second connecting part is connected to the U The base is detachably connected, and the second connection hole is arranged on the second connection part.
进一步的,连接件、U型底座、以及销子采用DZ125材料制成。Further, the connecting piece, the U-shaped base, and the pin are made of DZ125 material.
进一步的,高温蠕变装置的拉杆采用DZ22材料制成。Further, the tie rod of the high temperature creep device is made of DZ22 material.
进一步的,被测样品上施加的外加压应力计算公式:Further, the calculation formula of the external compressive stress applied on the tested sample is:
σ=F/N;σ=F/N;
其中,σ为被测样品上施加的外加压应力,F为连接件受到的拉力,N为被测样品的受力面积。。Among them, σ is the external compressive stress exerted on the tested sample, F is the tensile force received by the connector, and N is the stressed area of the tested sample. .
进一步的,第一连接部的螺纹按照6g精度制造;第一连接部的螺纹中心与第一连接部的同轴度不超过0.01mm。Further, the thread of the first connection part is manufactured according to 6g precision; the coaxiality between the center of the thread of the first connection part and the first connection part does not exceed 0.01 mm.
进一步的,拉杆和第一连接部的同轴度不超过0.05mm,并具有互换性。Further, the coaxiality between the tie rod and the first connecting portion is not more than 0.05mm, and is interchangeable.
进一步的,第二连接孔的轴线和第一连接孔的纵轴中心线垂直相交,且位移度和垂直度不大于0.05mm;第二连接孔的轴线对槽的两平面垂直度超过0.05mm。Further, the axis of the second connecting hole and the center line of the longitudinal axis of the first connecting hole perpendicularly intersect, and the displacement and perpendicularity are not greater than 0.05mm; the axis of the second connecting hole is perpendicular to the two planes of the slot exceeding 0.05mm.
进一步的,U型底座的两个侧壁对其纵轴中心的平行度在全长范围内不大于0.1mm;U型底座的两个侧壁的对称平面应与其纵轴中心线重合,位移度超过0.05mm。Further, the parallelism of the two side walls of the U-shaped base to the center of its longitudinal axis shall not be greater than 0.1 mm in the entire length; more than 0.05mm.
(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects
本发明的上述技术方案具有如下有益的技术效果:The above-mentioned technical scheme of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
结构简单,易于安装和使用;Simple structure, easy to install and use;
高温拉伸蠕变夹具采用DZ22材料,高温压缩蠕变夹具采用DZ125材料,具有良好的高温综合性能和优异的热疲劳性能,在1000℃以上的条件下可以超长时间对被测样品施加稳定载荷;The high temperature tensile creep clamp adopts DZ22 material, and the high temperature compression creep clamp adopts DZ125 material, which has good high temperature comprehensive performance and excellent thermal fatigue performance, and can apply a stable load to the tested sample for a long time under the condition of 1000℃ or higher. ;
对被测样品施加的外加压应力可以根据本申请的夹具两端的拉应力直接计算出来,结果准确可靠。The external compressive stress applied to the sample to be tested can be directly calculated according to the tensile stress at both ends of the clamp of the present application, and the result is accurate and reliable.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的结构图;Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the clamp for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention;
图2是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的剖视图;Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the clamp for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention;
图3是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的立体图;Fig. 3 is the perspective view of the clamp for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention;
图4是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的U型底座的结构图;Fig. 4 is the structural diagram of the U-shaped base of the clamp for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention;
图5是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的连接件的结构图;Fig. 5 is the structural diagram of the connector of the clamp for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention;
图6是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的一实施例的连接件的尺寸图;Fig. 6 is the dimension drawing of the connector of an embodiment of the fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention;
图7是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的一实施例的U型底座的尺寸图。FIG. 7 is a dimension drawing of a U-shaped base of an embodiment of the fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention.
附图标记:Reference number:
1-连接件;2-U型底座;3-销子;11-第二连接孔;12-第一连接部;13-第二连接部;14-垫片;21-侧壁;22-横臂;23-第一连接孔。1-connector; 2-U-shaped base; 3-pin; 11-second connection hole; 12-first connection part; 13-second connection part; 14-washer; 21-side wall; 22-transverse arm; 23-the first connecting hole.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了,下面结合具体实施方式并参照附图,对本发明进一步详细说明。应该理解,这些描述只是示例性的,而并非要限制本发明的范围。此外,在以下说明中,省略了对公知结构和技术的描述,以避免不必要地混淆本发明的概念。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Also, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present invention.
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的结构图、图2是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的剖视图、图3是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的立体图。Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test provided by the present invention, and Fig. 3 is provided by the present invention for ultra-high temperature A perspective view of the jig for the creep test.
本发明提供了一种用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具,包括:两个连接件1和两个U型底座2;U型底座2包括两个平行设置的侧壁21、以及连接在两个侧壁21之间的横臂22,两个U型底座2的开口相反且两个横臂22相互垂直;两个连接件1的一端分别与两个U型底座2的开口可拆卸连接,两个连接件1的另一端安装于高温蠕变装置上。The present invention provides a fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test, comprising: two connecting
可选的,U型底座2采用横截面为矩形的长方形弯折而成,或通过将横臂22和两个侧壁21焊接而成,其中两个平行侧壁21的一端开口,另一端与横臂22连接。Optionally, the U-shaped
使用时,本申请的夹具中的各个部件是已拆分的状态,两个U型底座2的开口相反且两个横臂22的平面互相垂直,将被测样品先放置在两个横臂22的平面之间,再将该夹具的其他部件进行组合。最后将两个连接件1分别连接在高温蠕变装置的拉杆上,就可以进行压缩蠕变试验。When in use, each component in the fixture of the present application is in a disassembled state, the openings of the two
具体地,当进行高温拉伸蠕变试验时,直接将被测样品的两端安装在高温蠕变装置的拉杆上,对高温蠕变装置的拉杆作用拉力,此时被测样品的两端受到相反方向的拉力,以此对被测样品进行拉伸,达到拉伸蠕变的效果。Specifically, when the high-temperature tensile creep test is performed, the two ends of the tested sample are directly installed on the tie rod of the high-temperature creep device, and a tensile force is applied to the tie rod of the high-temperature creep device. At this time, the two ends of the tested sample are subjected to The tensile force in the opposite direction stretches the tested sample to achieve the effect of tensile creep.
优选的,高温蠕变装置的拉杆上连接有套筒,该套筒为中空,且内部设置有内螺纹,被测样品的两端形成为与套筒的内螺纹相匹配的螺纹组件,以将被测样品的两端分别与套筒螺纹连接。Preferably, a sleeve is connected to the tie rod of the high temperature creep device. The sleeve is hollow and has internal threads. Both ends of the sample to be tested are respectively connected with the sleeve thread.
可选的,被测样品与套筒还可采用卡扣连接。Optionally, the sample to be tested and the sleeve can also be connected by snaps.
当进行高温压缩蠕变试验时,先将被测样品放置在两个U型底座2的两个横臂22之间,再进行组合夹具,最后将组合好且带有被测样品的夹具安装在高温蠕变装置的拉杆上。对高温蠕变装置的拉杆作用拉力,此时两个横臂22分别受到相反方向的拉力,向彼此靠拢,因此导致设置在两个横臂22之间的被测样品受到挤压,受到压应力,由施加拉应力转变为压应力,以此达到压缩蠕变的效果。When the high temperature compression creep test is performed, the sample to be tested is first placed between the two
在一实施例中,侧壁21上靠近U型底座2开口的位置处设有第一连接孔23,连接件1的一端设置有第二连接孔11,第二连接孔11与第一连接孔23相对应;销子3依次穿过第一连接孔23和第二连接孔11,使得连接件1与U型底座2可拆卸连接。In one embodiment, a first connecting
具体地,连接件1不仅可以连接和固定两个相互垂直且开口相反的U型底座2,还可以固定整个夹具,使其在使用过程中受到拉应力的同时不偏移方向,更加准确的压缩被测试样,提高压缩质量和准确度。Specifically, the
在一实施例中,连接件1包括:固定连接的第一连接部12和第二连接部13;第一连接部12为圆柱形的螺纹连接件,可拆卸连接在高温蠕变装置的拉杆上;第二连接部13上设置有第二连接孔11。In one embodiment, the
具体地,第二连接部13用于连接和固定U型底座2;圆柱形的螺纹连接件与高温蠕变装置的拉杆连接的套筒相匹配,以将夹具固定在高温蠕变装置上。Specifically, the
在一实施例中,连接件1、U型底座2、以及销子3采用DZ125材料制成。In one embodiment, the
在一实施例中,高温蠕变装置的拉杆采用DZ22材料制成。In one embodiment, the tie rod of the high temperature creep device is made of DZ22 material.
具体地,上述材料能够使得被测样品在1000℃以上的环境中进行高温拉伸或压缩蠕变试验,且由该材料制成的夹具使用寿命长,不易断裂;且工作过程中不易变形,拉伸或压缩的精确高、质量好。Specifically, the above-mentioned materials can enable the tested samples to undergo high-temperature tensile or compressive creep tests in an environment above 1000 °C, and the clamps made of this material have a long service life and are not easy to break; High precision and good quality of extension or compression.
在一实施例中,被测样品上施加的外加压应力计算公式为:In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the external compressive stress applied on the tested sample is:
σ=F/N;σ=F/N;
其中,σ为被测样品上施加的外加压应力,F为连接件1的两端受到的拉力,N为被测样品的受力面积。Among them, σ is the external compressive stress exerted on the tested sample, F is the tensile force on both ends of the
具体地,当进行高温拉伸蠕变试验时,被测样品的两端受到的是外加拉应力;当进行高温压缩蠕变试验时,被测样品受到的是由外加拉应力转变为的压应力。此时施加在夹具的两个连接件1两端的拉应力就是,被测样品受到的外加压应力;两个U型底座2的横臂22平面与被测样品的接触面积则为被测样品的受力面积。Specifically, when a high-temperature tensile creep test is performed, both ends of the tested sample are subjected to an applied tensile stress; when a high-temperature compressive creep test is performed, the tested sample is subjected to a compressive stress transformed from the applied tensile stress. . At this time, the tensile stress applied to the two ends of the two connecting
通过下述实施例对本申请的夹具进行说明。The jig of the present application will be described by the following examples.
实施例:Example:
图6是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的一实施例的连接件1的尺寸图,图7是本发明提供的用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具的一实施例的U型底座2的尺寸图。请参看图6和图7,其中单位均为毫米。第一连接部12是外径为M18的螺柱,其长60mm,且第一连接部12的螺纹按照6g精度制造。为保证压缩试验的精度,同时夹具在使用过程中不发生偏移,第一连接部12的螺纹中心与第一连接部12的同轴度不超过0.01mm。FIG. 6 is a dimension drawing of the
优选的,拉杆上的套筒和第一连接部12的同轴度不超过0.05mm,并具有互换性,保证能够适应不同的被测样品。Preferably, the coaxiality between the sleeve on the tie rod and the first connecting
优选的,第二连接部13为立方体,第二连接孔11的直径为8.5mm,且第二连接孔11的圆心设置在该立方体的中心位置处。第一连接孔23与第二连接孔11的直径相同,其设置在侧壁21上远离开口位置的15mm处。第二连接孔11的轴线和第一连接孔23的纵轴中心线垂直相交,且保证安装精度,位移度和垂直度均不大于0.05mm;第二连接孔11的轴线对槽的两平面垂直度超过0.05mm。Preferably, the
优选的,U型底座2的两个侧壁21对其纵轴中心的平行度在全长范围内不大于0.1mm;U型底座2的两个侧壁21的对称平面应与其纵轴中心线重合,位移度超过0.05mm。Preferably, the parallelism of the two
上述参数以及精度要求使得在对被测样品施加应力的过程中,夹具和被测样品均不会发生位置偏移,保证被测样品在试验的过程中受到准确的压应力。同时能够保证最终计算的压应力准确可靠。The above parameters and accuracy requirements ensure that neither the fixture nor the tested sample will shift in position during the process of applying stress to the tested sample, ensuring that the tested sample is subjected to accurate compressive stress during the test. At the same time, it can ensure that the final calculated compressive stress is accurate and reliable.
本发明旨在保护一种用于超高温蠕变试验的夹具,包括:两个连接件1和两个U型底座2;U型底座2包括两个平行设置的侧壁21、以及连接在两个侧壁21之间的横臂22,两个U型底座2的开口相反且两个横臂22相互垂直;两个连接件1的一端分别与两个U型底座2的开口可拆卸连接,两个连接件1的另一端安装于高温蠕变装置上。结构简单,易于安装和使用;高温拉伸蠕变夹具采用DZ22材料,高温压缩蠕变夹具采用DZ125材料,具有良好的高温综合性能和优异的热疲劳性能,在1000℃以上的条件下可以超长时间对被测样品施加稳定载荷;对被测样品施加的外加压应力可以根据本申请的夹具两端的拉应力直接计算出来,结果准确可靠。The present invention aims to protect a fixture for ultra-high temperature creep test, comprising: two connecting
应当理解的是,本发明的上述具体实施方式仅仅用于示例性说明或解释本发明的原理,而不构成对本发明的限制。因此,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。此外,本发明所附权利要求旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求范围和边界、或者这种范围和边界的等同形式内的全部变化和修改例。It should be understood that the above-mentioned specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principle of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims of this invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
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