CN102323140B - Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test - Google Patents
Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test Download PDFInfo
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- CN102323140B CN102323140B CN201110230495.3A CN201110230495A CN102323140B CN 102323140 B CN102323140 B CN 102323140B CN 201110230495 A CN201110230495 A CN 201110230495A CN 102323140 B CN102323140 B CN 102323140B
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Abstract
A sample and a clamp for a thin walled tube high temperature tensile test. A width of a sample gauge length segment equals to a diameter of bearing apertures on two ends of the sample. A transitional arc is between a boss and the gauge length segment for transition, wherein the transitional arc has a radius half the difference between a gauge length segment width and the bearing aperture diameter of a same specification sample before improvement. Two sliders of the clamp are respectively jointed with a trough inner wall; a male die and a female die are arranged between the two sliders and embedded into inner grooves on the sliders; a convex surface of the male die is cooperated with a concave surface of the female die, and two slides are fixed on a mount through a stop dog; the sample, the male die, the female die and the two sliders are connected on fixed positions through a pin. The sample and the clamp provided by the invention are cooperated to realize accurate positioning, uniform and stable gauge length segment deformation and no wrinkling of the bearing apertures of a thin walled tube high temperature stretching arc sample in the high temperature tensile test, so that tested data expresses performance parameters of a sample material accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material thermoforming field, specifically a kind of sample for high-temperature tensile test of thin-walled tube and fixture.
Background technology
Thin walled tube refers to that the diameter of tubing and the ratio of wall thickness are greater than 20; thin walled tube is because its numerical control cold bending bending moment of its wall thickness is large; manufacturing deficiency, the especially more difficult shaping specification product under small-bend radius such as be prone to wrinkling, pipe outside excessive thinning, break.Under hot bending condition, tubing resistance of deformation reduces, plastic fluidity increases, and can effectively solve an above-mentioned difficult problem.In order to formulate rational numerical control heat bending process parameter and to realize numerical modeling analysis accurately, need at high temperature to thin walled tube arc sample, carry out tension test to obtain the material property parameter of tubing under relevant temperature.No matter thick-wall tube or thin-wall pipes at present, its high temperature tension test sample used is still to adopt traditional hot-stretch arc sample, traditional hot-stretch arc sample is according to the hot-stretch arc sample of State Standard of the People's Republic of China < < Metal Materials At High Temperature tension test > > GB/T.4338-1995 design, gauge length section width is greater than force-bearing hole diameter, what gauge length section was transitioned into boss employing simultaneously is transition right angle, traditional hot-stretch arc sample is mainly for thick-wall tube, for thin-wall pipes, because tube wall thickness is thin, easily near gauge length section is transitioned into the right angle transitional region of boss and force-bearing hole, occurring that stress is concentrated causes gauge length section extremely to rupture, force-bearing hole unstability is wrinkling, its test findings is the mechanical behavior under high temperature of characterization sample material accurately, the fixture for high temperature tension test of standard too simple and can not accurate positioning and clamping not tight.Thin-wall pipes refers to that the ratio of pipe diameter and wall thickness is greater than 20, if by traditional hot-stretch arc sample application and thin-wall pipes, because gauge length section width is greater than the diameter of force-bearing hole, cause in high tension test process force-bearing hole outer edge easily to produce that stress is concentrated and unstability is wrinkling; Traditional hot-stretch sample marking distance section is transitioned into boss and adopts transition right angle, and in drawing by high temperature process, the sample of thin-walled transition right angle herein more easily produces stress and concentrates the abnormal fracture of generation.For traditional high temperature tension test fixture, because it does not have clamping action, holding force is prone to and skids not, and traditional high temperature tension test fixture location is inaccurate is its inherent shortcoming, and mono-kind of patent < < tests the fixture > > (patent announcement number: CN 201222026Y) mainly for the high temperature tension test of minor diameter thin wall pipe whole tube section sample, and be not suitable for clamping large diameter thin wall pipe drawing by high temperature arc sample of high temperature tensile property of thin-walled pipe; Patent < < tensile test fixture > > (patent announcement number: CN 201069347U) because the fixture of inventing is direct and cupping machine clamping device assembles, heating furnace cannot be installed, therefore be difficult to use in high temperature tension test; Patent < < elongation test clamper for universal tester pipe > > (patent announcement number: CN 201222026Y) be mainly the fixture for cold stretch test, can not be for high temperature tension test.Therefore, based on above problem, need to effectively improve drawing by high temperature sample, high temperature tensile clamp is carried out to appropriate design, so that thin walled tube arc sample is unstressed in drawing by high temperature, concentrates, be out of shape evenly and process stabilization.
Summary of the invention
For concentrating, easily producing of overcoming that hot-stretch arc sample in prior art the exists transition right angle stress that gauge length section is transitioned into boss there is abnormal fracture, force-bearing hole stressed excessive and make the wrinkling and inhomogeneous unsettled defect of gauge length section distortion of force-bearing hole outward flange unstability in drawing by high temperature process; Simultaneously in order to overcome because clamping sample is not fastening, the inaccurate test figure causing of clamping position is inaccurate.Based on above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of sample for high-temperature tensile test of thin-walled tube and fixture.
Middle part of the present invention is gauge length section, at the two ends of sample middle part gauge length section, has respectively two boss; And two boss of each end lay respectively on the dual-side of specimen width, and there is respectively force-bearing hole at the two ends of sample; On the center line that is centered close to specimen length direction of described force-bearing hole.It is characterized in that, the width of described gauge length section is identical with the diameter of force-bearing hole that is positioned at sample two ends.Between boss and gauge length section, by transition arc transition, the radius of described transition arc is 1/2 of the gauge length section width of same specification sample before improving and the difference of force-bearing hole diameter.
The fixture of the sample of described high-temperature tensile test of thin-walled tube comprises fixed mount, two slide blocks, punch, die and four blocks; Two slide blocks are positioned at the draw-in groove of fixed mount, and fit with the inwall of described draw-in groove respectively; Punch and die all, between two slide blocks, embed respectively in the inner groovy on slide block.The convex surface of punch coordinates with the concave surface of die, and by four blocks, two slide blocks is fixed on fixed mount.By bearing pin, sample, convex concave mould and two slide blocks are located by connecting.
Described fixed mount one end and cupping machine are connected; The other end center of fixed mount is useful on the draw-in groove that slide block and mould are installed.Angle between draw-in groove both sides inner wall surface and the axis of fixed mount is 9 °.
The oblique angle on described slide block inclined-plane is 9 °; At the center of slide block, there is the mounting hole of bearing pin.
The curvature of the concave surface of die is identical with the curvature of sample outer round surface.The curvature of the convex surface of punch is identical with the curvature of sample internal circular surfaces.The mounting hole that has bearing pin at the center of die and punch.And the position of this bearing pin mounting hole is corresponding with the position of bearing pin mounting hole on slide block.
Traditional hot-stretch sample marking distance section width is greater than the diameter of force-bearing hole, in drawing by high temperature process, excessive that unstability occurs is wrinkling due to stressed for not yielding and force-bearing hole, and the transition right angle of the employing between gauge length section and boss is easy to produce stress and concentrates and abnormal fracture occurs simultaneously.The width of the gauge length section of the thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample after improvement is reduced to identical with force-bearing hole diameter, in drawing by high temperature process, the gauge length section of sample is out of shape power used and is reduced, gauge length section is more easily out of shape, has reduced the stressed of force-bearing hole simultaneously and the wrinkling trend of force-bearing hole unstability is reduced; The interim form that the gauge length section of the thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample after improvement is transitioned into boss adopts transition arc, when thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample is carried out to drawing by high temperature, described transition arc can not produce excessive stress and concentrate, and avoids stress to concentrate and sample is extremely ruptured in drawing by high temperature process.The fixture for high temperature tension test with interlocking structure that the present invention proposes utilizes interlocking principle, when moving along axis direction to draw-in groove mouth in the draw-in groove of two slide blocks at fixed mount, the draw-in groove inwall of the skew wall of two slide blocks and V-arrangement shape cooperatively interacts and two slide blocks is constantly clamped, because embedding, two slide block inner groovies have mould, sample is housed on mould, and the effect of the final effect of two slide blocks of clamping is to make mold cramping sample avoid loosening.The fixture with interlocking structure of the thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample after improvement and the present invention's design cooperatively interacts, finally realizing the uniform and stable and force-bearing hole of the accurate positioning in high temperature tension test of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample, gauge length section distortion, that unstability does not occur is wrinkling, thereby makes the performance parameter of the accurate characterization sample material of test figure that records.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 hot-stretch arc sample front view;
Fig. 2 thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample front view;
Fig. 3 thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample three-dimensional plot;
The three-dimensional explosive view of Fig. 4 fixture
The structural representation of Fig. 5 fixture;
The structural representation of Fig. 6 fixed mount;
Fig. 7 slide block and mould three-dimensional plot.Wherein:
1. boss 2. gauge length section 3. transition arc 4. force-bearing hole 5. fixed mounts
6.V shape groove 7.V shape groove inwall 8. slide block 9. slide block inner groovy 10. punch
11. convex mould surface 12. die surface 13. die 14. slide block outer surfaces
15. pivot pin 16. blocks
Embodiment
The present embodiment is a kind of sample for high-temperature tensile test of thin-walled tube.When tubing specification reaches D/t > 20, pipe diameter/wall thickness is greater than 20, and the tubing of specification is thin walled tube like this.It is that Ф 76.2 * 1.0668mm (diameter * wall thickness) thin-wall stainless steel is made that the present embodiment adopts specification, and wherein D/t=71.43 is greater than 20, belongs to thin walled tube.Described sample comprises gauge length section 2, transition arc 3, boss 1 and the force-bearing hole 4 of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2.The present embodiment is that the hot-stretch arc sample improvement of same specification in prior art is obtained to thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample.
The present embodiment is the lath-shaped that middle part is narrow, two ends are wide.The middle part of described sample is gauge length section 2, and the width of this gauge length section 2 is identical with the diameter of force-bearing hole 4 that is positioned at sample two ends, and in the present embodiment, the diameter of force-bearing hole 4 is 10mm, and the width of gauge length section 2 is also 10mm.On the center line that is centered close to specimen length direction of described force-bearing hole 4.There are respectively two boss 1 at two ends in sample middle part gauge length section 2; And two boss 1 of each end lay respectively on the dual-side of specimen width.Between boss 1 and gauge length section 2, pass through transition arc 3 transition, the radius of described transition arc 3 is 1/2 of the gauge length section width of same specification sample before improving and the difference of force-bearing hole 4 diameters, in the present embodiment, the difference of the gauge length section width of the same specification sample before improvement and force-bearing hole 4 diameters is 6mm, therefore the radius of transition arc 3 is 3mm.
The present embodiment has also proposed a kind of fixture of the sample for above-mentioned high-temperature tensile test of thin-walled tube.As shown in Figure 3, the specimen holder of described high-temperature tensile test of thin-walled tube comprises fixed mount 5, two slide blocks 8, punch 10, die 13 and blocks 16.Two slide blocks 8 are positioned at the draw-in groove of fixed mount 5, and fit with the inwall of described draw-in groove respectively.Punch 10 and die 13 all, between two slide blocks 8, embed respectively in the inner groovy 9 on slide block; The convex surface of punch 10 coordinates with the concave surface of die 13, and by block 16, punch 10 and die 13 in the inner groovy 9 on two slide blocks 8 and embedding slide block is fixed on fixed mount 5.The bare terminal end of convex concave mould clamping sample, convex concave mould is to embed in the groove 9 of two slide block 8 madial walls, the width of draw-in groove is identical with the width of two slide blocks 8, by bearing pin, sample, convex concave mould and two slide blocks 8 is located by connecting.
As shown in Figure 5.Fixed mount 5 integral body are right cylinder, and its outer round surface is stepped.Fixed mount 5 one end are smaller diameter end, and the outer round surface of this smaller diameter end has screw thread, for fixed mount 5 and cupping machine are connected.There is draw-in groove at the other end center of fixed mount 5, for slide block and mould are installed.Draw-in groove self-retaining frame 5 middle parts are to the end face of this fixed mount other end.The width at the notch place of described draw-in groove is less than the bottom land of draw-in groove, makes this draw-in groove V-shaped; Angle between the both sides inner wall surface of draw-in groove and the axis of fixed mount 5 is 9 °.At the outer round surface of fixed mount 5, symmetrical be fixed with 4 blocks, and 4 described blocks are divided into two groups, lay respectively at place, draw-in groove two side
At fixed mount 5 one side outer round surface, symmetrical be fixed with 2 blocks 16, and described block lays respectively at the both sides of draw-in groove notch.At fixed mount 5 opposite side outer round surface, be also symmetrically fixed with 2 blocks, and described block lays respectively at the both sides of draw-in groove notch.
As shown in Figure 6.The structure of 2 slide blocks 8 is identical.A surface of slide block 8 is plane, and another surface is inclined-plane, and the oblique angle on this inclined-plane is 9 °.In the plane of slide block 8, have slide block inner groovy 9, the physical dimension of this slide block inner groovy 9 is being embedded as suitable by die 13 and punch 10 respectively.At the center of slide block 8 length directions and Width, there is the mounting hole of bearing pin 15, by this bearing pin 15, slide block 8 and die 13 and punch 10 are connected.
Mould is rectangular block shape, comprises die 13 and punch 10.A surface of die 13 is plane, and another surface is concave surface; The curvature of described concave surface is identical with the curvature of sample outer round surface.A surface of punch 10 is plane, and another surface is convex surface; The curvature of described convex surface is identical with the curvature of sample internal circular surfaces.
At the length direction center of die 13 and punch 10 and the joint place at Width center, have the mounting hole of bearing pin 15, and the position of these bearing pin 15 mounting holes is corresponding with the position of bearing pin 15 mounting holes on slide block 8.
When slide block 8 packs into after draw-in groove, because the both sides inwall 7 of draw-in groove is smooth, can make slide block 8 easy on and off slide, the V-arrangement shape of draw-in groove 6 constantly clamps two slide blocks 8 of down sliding simultaneously, and four blocks 16 by draw-in groove 6 edges are for anti-limited slip block 8 moving radially along fixed mount 5, thereby realize, sample mould is constantly clamped, defect, simple to operate, the accurate positioning simultaneously such as effectively avoid thin-wall pipes drawing by high temperature sample force-bearing hole 4 places to produce that stress are concentrated, fixture can not clamp sample and it is not accurate enough to locate and process of the test is unstable.
Whole test needs two fixed mounts 5, four identical slide blocks 8, two cover convex concave mould, two bearing pins 15 and thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc samples.The fixture with interlocking structure of the present invention's improved thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample and design is used in conjunction with each other, and the thin walled tube sample material performance parameter that the test figure that makes to obtain for high-temperature tensile test of thin-walled tube characterizes is more accurate.Thin-wall pipes is due to its wall thickness, its high temperature tension test requires higher to sample, if adopt hot-stretch arc sample of the prior art; the defects such as the right angle transition section that gauge length section is transitioned into boss ruptures extremely, force-bearing hole unstability is wrinkling easily appear in the high temperature arc tensile sample of thin-walled in drawing by high temperature process, so hot-stretch arc sample of the prior art is not suitable for thin-wall tube high-temperature tensile test; Fixture on standard tensile testing machine can not guarantee thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample accurately locate and guarantee that clamping is not loosening simultaneously, for these faultiness designs there is the fixture for high temperature tension test of interlocking structure, of the present inventionly for high temperature, draw the fixture of tension test to coordinate the thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample after improving can guarantee that the test figure of obtaining reflects the performance parameter of sample material really and accurately.The concrete process of the test of the fixture with interlocking structure of the present invention's improved thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample and design is as follows:
1, first two fixed mounts 5 are fastened on cupping machine, require the axis of two fixed mounts 5 point-blank, and the notch of fixed mount 5 mutually aligns and aligns.
2, two punch 10 are embedded into respectively in two slide blocks 8, then by a punch 10 of a bare terminal end intrados laminating of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample, require the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of sample to overlap with the center of circle of the through hole of laminating punch 10 central authorities of institute, then the die face of die 13 is fitted on the convex globoidal of this bare terminal end of sample, require equally the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of sample to overlap with the center of circle of the through hole of fitted die 10 central authorities, again with nested firmly this die 13 of slide block 8, at this moment the center of circle of two slide block 8 central authorities, the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of this end bare terminal end of the center of circle of convex concave mould central authorities and sample is point-blank, form a long through hole, with a bearing pin, pass this through hole by two slide blocks 8, convex concave mould and sample are connected.
3, by another bare terminal end intrados laminating another one punch 10 of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample, require equally the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of sample to overlap with the center of circle of the through hole of laminating punch 10 central authorities of institute, then the die face of another die 13 is fitted on the convex globoidal of this bare terminal end of sample, require the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of sample to overlap with the center of circle of the through hole of fitted die 10 central authorities, again with nested firmly this die 13 of slide block 8, the center of circle of two slide block 8 central authorities, the center of circle of the force-bearing hole 4 of this end bare terminal end of the center of circle of convex concave mould central authorities and sample is point-blank, form a long through hole, with another bearing pin, pass this through hole by two slide blocks 8, convex concave mould and sample are connected.
4,, after two of thin walled tube drawing by high temperature arc sample bare terminal ends clamp, first the whole one end having clamped is put into the draw-in groove of a fixed mount 5, and blocked with four blocks 16 on fixed mount 5, by the screw fastening on four blocks 16.
5, adjust the stretching platform of testing machine, distance between two fixed mounts 5 is reached and the other end of the sample integral body having clamped can be put into the draw-in groove of another one fixed mount 5, with four blocks 16 on fixed mount 5, blocked equally, by the screw fastening on four blocks 16.
6, by above-mentioned steps, the complete clamping of sample is complete, then heat, while reaching the high-temperature temperature of setting, carry out high temperature tension test.
Claims (1)
1. for a sample for high-temperature tensile test of thin-walled tube, the middle part of sample is gauge length section (2), at the two ends of sample middle part gauge length section (2), has respectively two boss (1); And two boss (1) of each end lay respectively on the dual-side of specimen width, and there is respectively force-bearing hole (4) at the two ends of sample; The center of circle of described force-bearing hole (4) is positioned on the center line of specimen length direction; It is characterized in that, the width of described gauge length section (2) is identical with the diameter of force-bearing hole (4) that is positioned at sample two ends; Between boss (1) and gauge length section (2), by transition arc (3) transition, the radius of described transition arc (3) is 1/2 of the gauge length section width of same specification sample before improving and the difference of force-bearing hole (4) diameter; Same specification sample before described improvement is according to the hot-stretch arc sample of State Standard of the People's Republic of China < < Metal Materials At High Temperature tension test > > GB/T.4338-1995 design.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110230495.3A CN102323140B (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2011-08-11 | Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test |
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| CN201110230495.3A CN102323140B (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2011-08-11 | Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test |
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| CN102323140A CN102323140A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
| CN102323140B true CN102323140B (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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| CN102323140A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
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Application publication date: 20120118 Assignee: Jiangsu New Hengji Special Equipment Co., Ltd. Assignor: Northwestern Polytechnical University Contract record no.: 2015320000218 Denomination of invention: Sample and clamp for thin walled tube high temperature tensile test Granted publication date: 20140820 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20150415 |
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