CN102322896B - Omnibearing measurement device and method for tunnel TSP (Total Suspended Particulate) geometric parameter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an omnibearing measurement device and method for a tunnel TSP (Total Suspended Particulate) geometric parameter. The device comprises a depth measuring scale, wherein the depth measuring scale and a pitch measuring scale are vertically arranged and can be connected in a sliding mode by virtue of an annular fixer; the end part of the depth measuring scale is provided with a water level base; the water level base is spirally connected with and mediates a circular water level by virtue of a plurality of pins; the circular water level is vertically connected with a height measuring scale by virtue of a vertical fixer; the water level base is connected with an extending plate; the water level base and the extending plate are parallel to the depth measuring scale; and the circular water level is provided with a dip angle survey meter. According to the omnibearing measurement device, the TSP shotpoint geometric parameter can be simultaneously measured. The omnibearing measurement device adapts to the complex measurement environment of the tunnel, the measurement method is simple and accurate, and the measurement time is saved.

Description

Device and method for all-round measurement of tunnel TSP geometric parameters

technical field

The invention relates to a tunnel parameter measuring device and method.

Background technique

As an indispensable part of the dynamic design and construction of tunnel information, advanced geological prediction timely predicts the adverse geological conditions in front of the tunnel face in order to take effective measures in advance to avoid geological disasters and ensure the safety of tunnel construction. It has been recognized by the engineering community. wide recognition. Tunnel Seismic Prospecting (TSP) is one of the main methods of non-destructive long-term advance geological prediction during the construction period, and has become one of the most widely used prediction methods in the information construction of long tunnels. The measurement of blasthole geometric parameters is an important part of the preparation work before TSP data collection, and it is crucial to the accuracy of subsequent processing. Only on the premise of accurate measurement data can the accuracy of processing results be guaranteed and the accuracy of advanced geological prediction can be improved. Rate. The geometric parameters of blastholes required for TSP advanced geological prediction include hole depth, hole height, hole spacing, inclination and azimuth, while the TSP 203plus system is only equipped with an electronic goniometer and a hand-held laser rangefinder, which can measure the blasthole more accurately. The inclination angle of the hole and the distance from each blasthole to the receiving hole, while the tunnel measurement environment and methods are complex, it is impossible to accurately measure parameters such as hole depth, hole height and azimuth angle, which affects the accuracy of the measurement results.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, and provide a kind of tunnel TSP geometric parameter all-round measuring device and method, this device is simple in structure, easy to measure, ensures the accuracy of TSP geometric parameter measurement, thereby obtains accurate geometric parameter data, obtains Data processing results consistent with the actual geological conditions improve the accuracy of advanced geological forecasts and truly realize tunnel information construction.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An all-round measuring device for tunnel TSP geometric parameters, including a depth measuring ruler. The depth measuring ruler and the hole distance measuring ruler are vertically arranged and the two are slidably connected by a ring holder. The end of the depth measuring ruler is provided with a level base, and the level The base connects and adjusts the circular level through multiple foot screws. The circular level is vertically connected to the height measuring ruler through a vertical fixer. The base of the level is connected with an extension plate. The base of the level and the extension plate are parallel to the depth measuring ruler. There is an inclinometer on the device.

One side of the circular level is provided with a vertical adjustment rod, and the two ends of the vertical adjustment rod are respectively provided with a vertical top plate and an azimuth measuring device. rotate one end.

The azimuth measuring device is a quarter disk with double-layer scale lines.

A laser is installed on the height measuring ruler, and the laser can slide along the height measuring ruler.

The annular fixer can not only slide along the depth measuring ruler and the hole distance measuring ruler, but also make the depth measuring ruler and the hole distance measuring ruler rotate mutually. Described foot screw has three.

Applying the above-mentioned device to realize the omni-directional measurement method of the tunnel TSP geometric parameters includes the following steps:

A. Insert the depth measuring ruler into the blasthole to be tested, and read the depth value of the blasthole through the scale on the depth measuring ruler;

B. Move the hole distance measuring ruler to the side wall, place one end of the hole distance measuring ruler near the blasthole, and read the scale value of the hole distance measuring ruler corresponding to the current blasthole, which is the distance between the two blastholes;

C. Level the circular level through the adjusting foot screw on the level base so that the bubble of the circular level is centered. Rotate the inclination measuring device counterclockwise to make it contact with the extension plate of the level base. The scale value pointed by the pointer is the gun. Hole inclination.

The all-round measuring method of the tunnel TSP geometric parameter also includes the following steps:

a. Rotate the vertical adjustment rod left and right to make the vertical roof close to the side wall of the tunnel, and ensure that the vertical adjustment rod is perpendicular to the side wall. The scale value pointed by the pointer on the azimuth measuring device connected to the vertical adjustment rod is the azimuth of the blast hole;

b. Adjust the position of the laser on the height measuring ruler so that it is on the same level as the blasthole, and the scale value pointed by the pointer on the laser is the height of the blasthole.

The device of the invention is suitable for the complex measurement environment of the tunnel, the measurement method is simple and accurate, and the measurement time is saved.

The invention studies the omnidirectional measurement method of the TSP geometric parameter of the tunnel, and solves the problems of complicated measurement method and long measurement time in the complex measurement environment of the tunnel. Connecting the measuring instruments of various geometric parameters together is more suitable for the complex measurement environment of the tunnel compared with the previous research, the measurement method is simple and accurate, and the measurement time is saved.

The invention solves the problems of complex measurement methods and long measurement time in the complex measurement environment of the tunnel, and has the following advantages:

1. It can measure the geometric parameters of TSP shot point at the same time;

2. The vertical fixer can ensure that the height measuring ruler is perpendicular to the ground;

3. Measuring personnel can divide the work, measure at the same time or separately, saving measurement time;

4. The setting of the circular level can determine the level surface and improve the accuracy of the inclination measurement data;

5. The laser is used to determine the plane where the blast hole is located to improve the accuracy of the measurement data of the blast hole height;

6. The vertical roof can ensure that the vertical adjustment rod is perpendicular to the side wall of the tunnel, improving the accuracy of the azimuth measurement data.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the azimuth measuring device

Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural view of the ring fixator

Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural view of the vertical fixer

1. Depth measuring ruler; 2. Hole distance measuring ruler; 3. Ring fixer; 4. Circular level; 5. Level base; 6. Foot screw; 7. Vertical adjustment rod; 8. Vertical top plate; 9. Inclination measuring device; 10, extension plate; 11, height measuring ruler; 12, laser device; 13, azimuth measuring device; 14, vertical fixer.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

An all-round measuring device for tunnel TSP geometric parameters, including a depth measuring ruler 1, the depth measuring ruler 1 and the hole distance measuring ruler 2 are vertically arranged and the two are connected by a ring holder 3, and the ring holder 3 can be moved along the depth measuring ruler 1 Sliding with the hole distance measuring ruler 2, or rotating around the depth measuring ruler 1, the end of the depth measuring ruler 1 is provided with a level base 5, and the level base 5 is connected and leveled by multiple (preferably three) foot screws 6 Circular level 4, circular level 4 is vertically connected to height measuring ruler 11 through vertical fixer 14, leveling base 5 is connected with extension plate 10, leveling base 5, extension plate 10 are parallel to depth measuring ruler 1, circular level The device 4 is provided with an inclination measuring device 9 .

One side of the circular level 4 is provided with a vertical adjustment rod 7, and the two ends of the vertical adjustment rod 7 are respectively provided with a vertical top plate 8 and an azimuth measuring device 13, and the vertical adjustment rod 7 can be positioned on the plane determined by the circular level 4. Rotate around the end where the azimuth measuring device 13 is located.

The azimuth measuring device is a quarter disk with double-layer scale lines.

A laser 12 is installed on the height measuring ruler 11 , and the laser 12 can slide along the height measuring ruler 11 .

A kind of all-round measuring method of tunnel TSP geometric parameter, comprises the following steps:

A. Insert the depth measuring ruler 1 into the blasthole to be tested, and read the depth value of the blasthole through the scale on the depth measuring ruler 1;

B. Move the hole distance measuring ruler 2 to the side wall, place one end of the hole distance measuring ruler 2 at the adjacent blasthole, and read the scale value of the hole distance measuring ruler 2 corresponding to the current blasthole, which is the distance between the two blastholes;

C. Use the three foot screws 6 on the level base 5 to level the air bubble in the circular level 4, and rotate the inclinometer 9 counterclockwise to make it contact with the extension plate 10 of the level base. The scale value pointed by the pointer is is the inclination angle of the blast hole;

D. Rotate the vertical adjustment rod 7 left and right to make the vertical top plate 8 close to the side wall of the tunnel, and ensure that the vertical adjustment rod is perpendicular to the side wall. The scale value pointed by the pointer on the azimuth measuring device 13 connected to the vertical adjustment rod 7 is the blast hole Azimuth;

E. Adjust the position of the laser 12 on the height measuring ruler 11 so that it is on the same level as the blasthole, and the scale value pointed by the pointer on the laser is the height of the blasthole.

The depth measuring ruler and the hole distance measuring ruler are slidably connected through a ring holder, and the ring holder can move along the depth measuring ruler or the hole distance measuring ruler; the base of the level and the extension plate are parallel to the depth measuring ruler; The three foot screws make the bubble of the circular level center, and the vertical adjustment rod connected with the circular level can be rotated left and right in the horizontal plane with the edge of the right front of the circular level in Figure 1 (lower right in Figure 2) as the axis, so that the vertical top plate is tight. Attach the side wall of the tunnel to ensure that the vertical adjustment rod is perpendicular to the side wall, and the azimuth measuring device that rotates with the vertical adjustment rod to measure the azimuth angle of the blast hole; the axis of the vertical fixer is perpendicular to the surface of the circular level to ensure that the height measuring ruler is vertical On the horizontal plane, determine the horizontal plane where the blast hole is located by moving the laser on the height measuring ruler up and down.

Claims (2)

1. the comprehensive measurement mechanism of using tunnel TSP geometric parameter is realized the comprehensive measuring method of tunnel TSP geometric parameter, device comprises depth measuring ruler, depth measuring ruler slidably is connected by annular fixator with the vertical setting of hole pitch measuring ruler and both, the end of depth measuring ruler is provided with the level base, the level base connects by a plurality of foot screws and the adjusting circular bubble, circular bubble is connected by vertical fixator and height measuring rule are vertical, the level base is connected to extension board, the level base, extension board is parallel with depth measuring ruler, and circular bubble is provided with inclination angle measurer; One side of described circular bubble is provided with the vertical adjusting bar, and an end of vertical adjusting bar is provided with the vertical top board other end and is provided with azimuth counter, and the vertical adjusting bar can rotate by the end around the azimuth counter place in the determined plane of circular bubble; Slidably laser instrument is installed on the described height measuring rule;

It is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

A. depth measuring ruler is inserted in the big gun to be measured hole, read the blast hole depth value by the scale on the depth measuring ruler;

B. mobile hole pitch measuring ruler places place, contiguous big gun hole to abutment wall with hole pitch measuring ruler one end, reads when hole pitch measuring ruler scale value corresponding to forward gun hole, is two borehole spacings;

C. by the foot screw leveling circular bubble on the level base, make the circular bubble bubble placed in the middle, be rotated counterclockwise inclination angle measurer, its extension board with the level base is contacted, pointer indication scale value is inclination angle, big gun hole.

2. the comprehensive measuring method of tunnel according to claim 1 TSP geometric parameter is characterized in that, and is further comprising the steps of:

A. left rotation and right rotation vertical adjusting bar makes vertical top board be close to tunnel side wall, guarantees the vertical adjusting bar perpendicular to abutment wall, is position angle, big gun hole with pointer indication scale value on the azimuth counter that the vertical adjusting bar links to each other;

B. regulate the laser positions on the height measuring rule, itself and big gun hole are on the same level face, pointer indication scale value is big gun hole height value on the laser instrument.

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