CN102322046A - Doorway type fishway - Google Patents
Doorway type fishway Download PDFInfo
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- CN102322046A CN102322046A CN201110205318A CN201110205318A CN102322046A CN 102322046 A CN102322046 A CN 102322046A CN 201110205318 A CN201110205318 A CN 201110205318A CN 201110205318 A CN201110205318 A CN 201110205318A CN 102322046 A CN102322046 A CN 102322046A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a doorway type fishway, comprising a water flow channel arranged in the dam body. The doorway type fishway is characterized in that a dam body at the low-water-level side of the water flow channel is internally provided with a door No.1 which can be opened and closed, the outer side of the door No.1 is provided with a dam tail gate, the dam body at the high-water-level side of the water flow channel is internally provided with a door No.2 which can be opened and closed, the outer side of the door No.2 is also provided with a dam upper gate, the door No.2 is provided with a plurality of induction water injection holes, a cave between the door No.1 and the door No.2 and the low-water-level side of the dam body are connected by virtue of a cave bypass valve, and the cave is connected with the high-water-level side of the dam body by virtue of a cave water injection regulating valve. By adopting the doorway type fishway provided by the invention, the problem that operating effect of various fishways in modern times is poor is solved, investment is low, no additional land area is occupied, water power consumption is low, operation is not limited by upper water level of a dam, fishes can migrate smoothly and can pass through the dam smoothly to propagate, biological diversity of the water ecosystem can be protected, harmonious co-existence of hydropower engineering and nature can be practicable, and benefit of the doorway type fishway is great.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of door opening formula fish pass, belong to the Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering field.
Background technology
Human can on the river course, build a dam and build a power station, block the passage that fish migration is laid eggs in order to obtain water.The fish quantity of many self-sows is sharply descended, in addition endangered; In order to save these fish, people's regardless of expense of trying every means has been built the artificial water canals (also claiming fish pass) that various confession fish anadromous migrations are crossed the dam.
The fish of reporting the Yi Taipu power station are arranged through 10 kilometers of facility (being commonly called as " fish pass ") total lengths, wherein natural " fish pass " 6 kilometers, 4 kilometers in " fish pass " that manual work is built built up the end of the year in 2002, expensive 1,200 ten thousand dollars.This fish pass fish begins to get into the stepwise artificial water channel after swimming across " good scape " section, river of 6 kilometers long, the water channel bottom is the step flute profile, claims again by " fishway ".This section water channel is wide 8 to 10 meters, and dark 1.2 to 1.5 meters, the centre is blocked by 4 artificial lakes, in order that fish can be obtained having a rest, and reduces the difficulty of construction.
Have the report Haidian District to invest the 6900 ten thousand last village Xin Zha that build and formally launch, fish pass that reaches 158.88 meters of engineering specialized designs is called as Beijing and even northern area article one fish pass.
Mostly the fish pass in modern age is a long ramp type or stepped tank, is provided with a series of energy dissipating baffle-walls in the groove or is provided with the dividing plate of fish pass; Because the technical indicators such as fluidised form of current in the gradient of fish pass, the height of ladder, the fish pass require to exist big gap with the ecology of crossing the dam fish, most of fish pass operations are unsuccessful.Because he not only is subject to fund, also be subject to natural environment and technology; Xinanjiang River hydropower reservoir station (Thousand-Island Lake) for this reason, the mode that has adopted artificial propagation to grow seedlings and throw in, annual all will be toward a large amount of fry of input in the lake.
The place of laying eggs that mandarin sturgeon is main can pass up to Jinsha jiang River; When the seventies and eighties, the Ge Zhou Ba was built; Cancelled the fish pass that designs for mandarin sturgeon, allegedly economized an engineering cost resolutely, reason is that at that time research thinks that the fish pass effect can not get well; The Ge Zhou Ba has designed ship lock but after building up, monitoring can be crossed the parent population of tracing back on the dam almost just not to have been had.
Three Gorges Dam is at the upper reaches, Ge Zhou Ba, just do not repaiied fish pass naturally, at present mandarin sturgeon mainly be exactly artificial propagation release and natural dam under two approach of laying eggs, the urban conservation area has also been established in the Changjiang river below the Ge Zhou Ba, but it is said that effect is not very good.Though Ge Zhou Ba and Three Gorges Dam have all designed ship lock, can there be fish seldom to get into the upper reaches through ship lock, quantity is certainly seldom, and is little to the effect of breeding.
Summary of the invention
Problems such as the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of door opening formula fish pass, it is poor to efficiently solve present fish pass operational effect, and construction investment is huge, need take very big land area, and the fish pass operation also receives the restriction of upper pond level, and the water loss of energy is big.
The invention is characterized in: a kind of door opening formula fish pass; Comprise the water stream channel that is positioned at dam body; It is characterized in that: be provided with No. 1 able to turn on or off door in the dam body of said water stream channel low water stage side; Be provided with No. 2 able to turn on or off doors in the dam body of said water stream channel high water level side, said No. 2 doors are provided with several and induce water injection hole.
Bypass valve links to each other with dam body low water stage side through the cavern in the cavern that forms between said No. 1 door and No. 2 doors, and water injection regulating valve links to each other with dam body high water level side through the cavern in the cavern that forms between said No. 1 door and No. 2 doors.
Advantage of the present invention: the invention solves the problem of present various fish pass operational effect differences, its investment is little, does not account for land area in addition; Water can consume few, and operation does not receive the restriction of water level on the dam, and fish migration is unimpeded; The fish of many self-sows are multiplied and lived on the mistake dam swimmingly; Make the aquatic ecosystem bio-diversity be able to protection, the coexistence of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering and natural harmony is implemented, its benefit tool is big.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the invention one structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the invention one state one structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the invention one state two structural representations.
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the invention two-state one structural representation, No. 1 cavern-5, door-1, No. 2 door-2, No. 3 door-3, a cavern-4, two wherein, transom window-6.
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the invention two-state two structural representations.
Fig. 6 is embodiment of the invention two-state three structural representations.
The specific embodiment
With reference to figure 1; A kind of door opening formula fish pass; Comprise the water stream channel (1-1) that is positioned at dam body (1); Be provided with able to turn on or off No. 1 door (2) in the dam body of said water stream channel low water stage side, be provided with able to turn on or off No. 2 doors (3) in the dam body of said water stream channel high water level side, said No. 2 doors (3) are provided with some water injection holes (5) of inducing.
Bypass valve (10) links to each other with dam body low water stage side through the cavern in the cavern (6) that above-mentioned No. 1 door (2) and No. 2 doors (3) form, and also water injection regulating valve (11) links to each other with dam body high water level side through the cavern in the cavern (6) of said No. 1 door (2) and No. 2 doors (3) formation.
Above-mentioned No. 1 door (2) and No. 2 doors (3) all are hinged in the dam body (1).
The outside of above-mentioned No. 1 door (2) also is provided with dam tail gates (7), and the outside of said No. 2 doors (3) also is provided with dam upper lock gate (4).
Above-mentioned dam upper lock gate (4) is outer also to be provided with in order to intercept the trashrack (8) of harmful drift.
No. 1 door (2) in the above-mentioned water stream channel (1-1) and the both sides up and down of No. 2 doors (3) are respectively arranged with in order to intercept the barrier blocks (9) of No. 1 door and No. 2 excessive rotations of door.
In conjunction with the said structure characteristics, with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention operates as follows:
A. when fish migration during season, keep dam upper lock gate, dam tail gates to continue to open, open cavern's bypass valve then, make by the hydraulic pressure in the cavern that forms between No. 1 door and No. 2 doors progressively to descend and close with the hydraulic pressure of dam body low water stage side;
When b. step a accomplishes, open door No. 1, close bypass valve, current are through inducing the water injection hole inflow hole indoor on No. 2 doors, and through cavern's water injection regulating valve adjustment cavern discharge, make and produce the current attitude that the best is induced the migration fish the cavern in;
C. when step b completion, there is the migrant childhood of some in the cavern, closes door No. 1; Hydraulic pressure in the cavern progressively rises, and when hydraulic pressure is close with dam body high water level side hydraulic pressure in the cavern, opens door then No. 2; Migration fish in the cavern gets in the storehouse, accomplishes the fish migration and crosses the dam.
D. after step c accomplishes, close door No. 2, continue repeating step a, b, c.
The practical implementation process: the present invention's " door opening formula fish pass " sees shown in Figure 1, it by on No. 1 door, No. 2 door, cavern and cavern's bypass valve, cavern and cavern's water injection regulating valves, monitor operating system (not marking among the figure), the dam, dam tail gates etc. form; No. 1 door is a closed structure, and this door is closed does not just have the water loss of energy; No. 2 doors are provided with induces water injection hole, through inducing water injection hole to cavern's water filling, makes can form in the cavern to have the current attitude of inducing the migration fish; The cavern is the place of compiling as fish; Cavern's bypass valve can rush down the pressure in the cavern when opening, and makes No. 1 door two side hydraulic pressures close, is convenient to the unlatching of No. 1 door; The cavern induces the current attitude in water injection regulating valve scalable cavern, can induce the migration fish better; Monitoring and operating system are in order to opening and closing of in good time realization door; On the dam, the dam tail gates can supply to keep in repair subsequent use, drain grating gets into fish pass to prevent harmful drift.
In non-fish migration season, fish pass does not move, and No. 1 door, No. 2 doors are closed, and do not produce the water loss of energy;
In fish migration season, keep dam tail gates, dam upper lock gate to open all the time; Open cavern's bypass valve earlier, cavern's hydraulic pressure is descended, open No. 1 door; Close cavern's bypass valve, No. 2 doors induce water injection hole to cavern's water filling, the flow of adjustment cavern water injection regulating valve; Make to form in the cavern to have the flowing water attitude of inducing the migration fish, straddling fish stocks compile in the cavern, see Fig. 2.Through monitoring or timing, close door No. 1, cavern's hydraulic pressure progressively rises and near level pressure on the dam, opens No. 2 door, and the straddling fish stocks in the cavern just get into the reservoir area smoothly like this, accomplish the purpose of dam migration, see Fig. 3.Close door then No. 2, open cavern's bypass valve again, open No. 1 door such as Fig. 2; Get into second and take turns attracting; So return again, go round and begin again, its cycle can be according to straddling fish stocks internal exchange denseness of set policer operation in the cavern; Also can adopt regularly the door of control fish pass, the electronic or hydraulic pressure of the optional usefulness of its operational power is realized.
For the bigger hurdle He Ba of the height of water under the dam on the dam, can adopt two caverns or many caverns structure, can avoid straddling fish stocks in the cavern, to bear excessive variation in water pressure, see Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6.Wherein, among Fig. 4, No. 2 door is closed, and No. 3 door is closed, and a cavern bypass valve is opened (not marking among the figure), and No. 1 door is opened, and bypass valve cuts out, cavern attracting state, and door induces water injection hole to induce water injection hole greater than No. 3 doors because of No. 2, two cavern's drawdown; Among Fig. 5, No. 1 door is closed, and No. 2 doors are opened, and the fish in the cavern get into two caverns, and door is airtight because of No. 1, and No. 3 door is induced the hole water filling, the water levels rising of two caverns; Among Fig. 6, No. 2 door is closed, and No. 3 door is opened, and two cavern fish cross the dam and get into the reservoir area, and cavern's bypass valve is opened (not marking among the figure), and No. 1 door is opened, and bypass valve cuts out, and No. 2 door is induced the hole water filling, cavern attracting state.
The above person is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all changes of doing according to technical scheme of the present invention when the function that is produced does not exceed the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. door opening formula fish pass; Comprise the water stream channel that is positioned at dam body; It is characterized in that: be provided with No. 1 able to turn on or off door in the dam body of said water stream channel low water stage side, be provided with No. 2 able to turn on or off doors in the dam body of said water stream channel high water level side, said No. 2 doors are provided with several and induce water injection hole.
2. door opening formula fish pass according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: bypass valve links to each other with dam body low water stage side through the cavern in the cavern that forms between said No. 1 door and No. 2 doors, and water injection regulating valve links to each other with dam body high water level side through the cavern in the cavern that forms between said No. 1 door and No. 2 doors.
3. door opening formula fish pass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said No. 1 door and No. 2 Men Jun are hinged in the dam body.
4. door opening formula fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outside of said No. 1 door also is provided with the dam tail gates, and the outside of said No. 2 doors also is provided with the dam upper lock gate.
5. door opening formula fish pass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said dam upper lock gate also is provided with outward in order to intercept the trashrack of harmful drift.
6. door opening formula fish pass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: No. 1 door in the said water stream channel and the both sides up and down of No. 2 doors are respectively arranged with in order to intercept the barrier blocks of No. 1 door and No. 2 excessive rotations of door.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 described door opening formula fish pass, it is characterized in that: operate as follows,
A. when fish migration during season, keep dam upper lock gate, dam tail gates to continue to open, open cavern's bypass valve then, make by the hydraulic pressure in the cavern that forms between No. 1 door and No. 2 doors progressively to descend and close with the hydraulic pressure of dam body low water stage side;
When b. step a accomplishes, open door No. 1, close bypass valve, current are through inducing the water injection hole inflow hole indoor on No. 2 doors, and through cavern's water injection regulating valve adjustment cavern discharge, make and produce the current attitude that the best is induced the migration fish the cavern in;
C. when step b completion, there is the migrant childhood of some in the cavern, closes door No. 1; Hydraulic pressure in the cavern progressively rises, and when hydraulic pressure is close with dam body high water level side hydraulic pressure in the cavern, opens door then No. 2; Migration fish in the cavern gets in the storehouse, accomplishes the fish migration and crosses the dam;
D. after step c accomplishes, close door No. 2, continue repeating step a, b, c.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110205318A CN102322046A (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2011-07-21 | Doorway type fishway |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110205318A CN102322046A (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2011-07-21 | Doorway type fishway |
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| CN102322046A true CN102322046A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201110205318A Pending CN102322046A (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2011-07-21 | Doorway type fishway |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103590375A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-19 | 烟台桑尼橡胶有限公司 | Ecological air bag supporting dam |
| CN103603327A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 烟台桑尼橡胶有限公司 | Supporting gate dam provided with biological channel |
| CN103741652A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-23 | 丁钟宇 | Design for fish ways of ecological dam |
| CN106087906A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-09 | 罗富强 | A kind of ecological dam with fish migration passage |
| CN107905186A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-13 | 成都芯云天科技有限公司 | Integrate the spiral shape building type fish pass system of sightseeing and drift function |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61126211A (en) * | 1984-11-22 | 1986-06-13 | Marushima Suimon Seisakusho:Kk | Fish pass installation |
| CN2554228Y (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-06-04 | 张金生 | Channel for fish swiming counter-flow through dam |
| CN2692206Y (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-04-13 | 于明 | River dam biotunnel |
| CN101638889A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-02-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Step-type fish passage facilities suitable for steep slope of high dam and control method |
-
2011
- 2011-07-21 CN CN201110205318A patent/CN102322046A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61126211A (en) * | 1984-11-22 | 1986-06-13 | Marushima Suimon Seisakusho:Kk | Fish pass installation |
| CN2554228Y (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-06-04 | 张金生 | Channel for fish swiming counter-flow through dam |
| CN2692206Y (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-04-13 | 于明 | River dam biotunnel |
| CN101638889A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-02-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Step-type fish passage facilities suitable for steep slope of high dam and control method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 宋敬德等人: "老龙口水力枢纽工程中鱼道的设计研究", 《海洋水产研究》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103590375A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-19 | 烟台桑尼橡胶有限公司 | Ecological air bag supporting dam |
| CN103603327A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 烟台桑尼橡胶有限公司 | Supporting gate dam provided with biological channel |
| CN103741652A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-23 | 丁钟宇 | Design for fish ways of ecological dam |
| CN106087906A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-09 | 罗富强 | A kind of ecological dam with fish migration passage |
| CN107905186A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-13 | 成都芯云天科技有限公司 | Integrate the spiral shape building type fish pass system of sightseeing and drift function |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |