CN103741652A - Design for fish ways of ecological dam - Google Patents
Design for fish ways of ecological dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN103741652A CN103741652A CN201310689793.8A CN201310689793A CN103741652A CN 103741652 A CN103741652 A CN 103741652A CN 201310689793 A CN201310689793 A CN 201310689793A CN 103741652 A CN103741652 A CN 103741652A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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Abstract
The invention relates to the design for fish ways of an ecological dam, in particular to a rotating door structure which can be driven by water power or electric power and can allow fish to freely come in and go out of the two sides of the dam in a wet season or in a dry season. The problem of contradiction between dam building and ecological protection is well solved. The rotating door structure is horizontally located in a dam body and communicated with a water body on the high water level side of the dam and a water body on the lower water level side of the dam through a duct. A lower water rotating door and an upper water rotating door form a set, spindles of the two doors are meshed through gears, the rotating directions of the two doors are opposite, the lower water rotating door is a driving rotating door and rotated under the push of high water level side water power, and the upper water rotating door is a driven rotating door and pushed by the lower water rotating door through the gears. The length and the width of the lower water rotating door are slightly larger than the length and the width of the upper water rotating door, and therefore it is guaranteed that the pushing force of the lower water rotating door is larger than resistance of the upper water rotating door.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fish pass design of ecological dam, particularly one can be by waterpower or power-actuated, no matter in the wet season or can both allow fish free in and out the rotary door structure of dam dry season.
Background technology
How to reduce and build dam to ecological harm, all the time be a problem being difficult to resolve, but also there is the next work of god, Dujiang weir is exactly a model, and this integrates irrigation, controls flood, provides the Large Hydro-Junction engineering of life and the many-sided function of industrial water use, the wisdom of having condensed the Ancient Times in China people, design science, rationally distributed, successfully solved fish mouth and divided water, the hydraulic engineering problem of many complexity such as big vast sand discharge, the diversion of Aguarius mouth is rushed down on blown sand weir, and the water resource of Ming River is utilized fully.Add maintenance easy.Cheap and the effect of expense is huge obviously, so can also continue to play a role in Dujiang weir after more than 2260 years.
Moderns but can not find the dam scheme of perfectly building all the time, the water level of Poyang Lake becomes one of Three Gorges maximum " sequelae ", obtaining national Ministry of Water Resources checks and accepts, the < < Three Gorges Projects of being born by Jiangxi Province Institute of Hydro-Technical Research show the impact research > > in Poyang Lake and Jiangxi " five rivers " after using, Three Gorges Projects are moved Poyang Lake water level are affected to general performance for " to let out in advance high water of phase not high, the retaining phase, low water was lower ", it is the retaining phase in annual October to November that Three Gorges Reservoir is dispatched the period that Poyang Lake water level is had the greatest impact, cause shifting to an earlier date of Poyang Lake low water and arid, aggravation.Since mid-October in this year, be subject to continue inside the province impact short of rain and that Upper Yangtze River water reduces, Poyang Lake significantly shifts to an earlier date dry season, has shifted to an earlier date approximately two months more throughout the year, and the part mountain area affected resident that drinks water exceedes 1,000,000.November in 2013 16 o'clock on the 14th Poyang Lake planetesimal stations 7.99 meters of water levels, lower than the drought of 8 meters of the Poyang Lakes position of restricting water supply, only high 0.88 meter than the lowest ever known water level at 7.11 meters, Poyang Lake planetesimal station.
Jiangxi does not change all the time Poyang Lake and builds dam resolution, since the eighties in last century, this project was once suggested several times, in recent years, the method of operation after Jiangxi Province builds up for Poyang Lake dam adjusts, and by " adjust withered control flood ", is adjusted into " adjusting withered uncomfortable flood " but expert thinks that building dam still can not be ignored the negative effect of the aspects such as the ecology of initiation, environment.Wherein of greatest concern is once 2009,15 experts including academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have jointly submitted a consultation report to State Council, think if Poyang Lake is built dam, can local environment be produced and be had a strong impact on, some are in imminent danger, Species of Rare Fish from Qingdao, birds be the danger that because of its habitat, with looking for food has not existed and will have population to lose, meanwhile, Poyang Lake is built dam also affects the metropolitan water supply security in downstream.
In addition, Yangtze finless porpoise is the distinctive rare fresh water mammal of China, belongs to national second class protection animal, is mainly distributed in master stream, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River and Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake two Great Lakes.In recent years, along with variation and the mankind's activity aggravation of the Changjiang river, Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake water environment, Yangtze finless porpoise population quantity presents fast-descending trend, if Poyang Lake is built dam Yangtze finless porpoise, also just can not go back to grandmother house again.
At present domestic patent search system is there are no similar result for retrieval.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of and no matter in wet season or dry season, can both allow fish free in and out the rotary door structure of dam, as people enters hotel's revolving door, water and the fish of the upper and lower both sides of active swap dam.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to the fish pass design of ecological dam, particularly one can be by waterpower or power-actuated, no matter in the wet season or can both allow fish free in and out the rotary door structure of dam dry season.
Dam rotary door structure of the present invention is lying in dam body, by the upper and lower water body of Guo Shuihan UNICOM dam.
Further, described dam rotary door structure is take the upper water revolving door of a lower water revolving door and as one group, the main shaft of two has engaged gears, rotation direction is relative, lower water revolving door is active rotation door, rotation under high water level side waterpower promotes, upper water revolving door is driven revolving door, by gear, by lower water revolving door, is promoted.The length of lower water revolving door and width are slightly larger than length and the width of water revolving door, to guarantee that the thrust of lower water revolving door is greater than the resistance of upper water revolving door.
Further, the absolute altitude of described dam rotary door structure water revolving door on it is lower than the absolute altitude of lower water revolving door, with guarantee dry season upper water valve locate completely dam low water stage side below the water surface, and can be driven by motor.
Further, each upper and lower water revolving door of described dam rotary door structure has 3 above door-plates, to the water of dam body upper and lower sides and fish are exchanged during rotation, the door-plate of each revolving door has certain radian, cancave cambered surface is to dam high water level side, and convex globoidal is to dam low water stage side.
Further, no matter door-plate is in which kind of position for described dam rotary door structure, can substantially cut off the water body of dam both sides.
Further, described dam rotary door structure can be by driven by power, also can be by hydro powered, and the wet season, dry season was take driven by power as main take hydro powered as main.
Further, the size of described its duct of dam rotary door structure and door-plate is much larger than the size of fish, and its rotating speed is lower, can not form injury to fish.
Dam rotary door structure of the present invention makes fish have a passage that throughout the year can pass in and out dam both sides, has solved well the contradiction of building dam and ecological protection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of one group of ecological dam fish pass design
Under the high-order side water body of 1-dam 2-dam 3-dam low level side water body 4-, water culvert 7-gear 8-gear 9-door-plate 10-motor is crossed by the upper water revolving door 6-of water revolving door 5-UNICOM
Fig. 2 be within 2008, announce plan to build Poyang Lake ecological hydro-junction project planning design sketch
the specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, be that the Poyang Lake ecological hydro-junction project planning design sketch of planning to build of announcing for 2008 is illustrated.
Figure is the Poyang Lake ecological hydro-junction project planning design sketch of planning to build between Chang Ling, Lushan District and screen peak, Hukou County
Multi-purpose project arranges that Poyang Lake water-control project dam site is positioned at Poyang Lake and enters river road, the about 12km in the sub-county town of upper determinative star, converges a mouthful about 27km down to the Changjiang river, 116 ° 07, Wei Dong footpath, geographical position ', 29 ° 32 of north latitude ', the whole drainage areas of dam site control Poyang Lake water system.Dam site left bank is mountain, Chang Ling, and mountain top elevation is 129m; Right bank is Ping Feng mountain, and mountain top elevation is 149.2m; The wide about 2.8km of lake surface between two mountains.Dam site place landform is more symmetrical, and two sides are rock side slope, and landform, geological conditions are better; The deep bank Ping Feng mountain of keeping right of water channel master, buried depth of bedrock is relatively shallow.Multi-purpose project arrange: owing to entering the deep bank Ping Feng mountain of keeping right of river road master, its buried depth of bedrock is relatively shallow, according to landform geological conditions, power station factory building keep right bank arrange, sluice keeps left seashore and arranges, navigation lock disposal is in both sides.According to requirements such as the flood discharge of multi-purpose project, generating, shipping, ecological protections, on same axis, be furnished with the facilities such as sluice, power station, ship lock, fish pass and log chute.The preliminary planning of multi-purpose project key facility is to arrange as follows from east orientation west: ship lock (1), fish pass (1), power station, fish pass (2), sluice, log chute, ship lock (2).Multi-purpose project key construction scale is of a size of: flood retention, sluice: design maximum flood discharge flow 38200m3/s, be divided into 74 holes, 16 meters of every hole clear span, total clear span 1184m, beam overall 1482m.Power station: adopt 10 of bulb through-flow units, single-machine capacity 20MW, total installation of generating capacity 200MW.Factory building overall width 280m.Ship lock: press II level navigation channel (by the recent navigation planning of our province, the exit of a lake～Nanchang is secondary navigation channel) is set.At hinge, each side establish one of ship lock, lock chamber effective size is (length × wide × water depth on sill) 200m × 34m × 4.5m.Fish pass: at two ends, power station, respectively establish one, fish pass, groove clear span 4m, when the flood discharge of Poyang Lake water-control project is used, fish can freely pass through from sluice.Log chute: between left side ship lock and sluice, arrange that chain type bamboo wood crosses dam machine, be convenient to water levels of upstream and downstream poor when larger bamboo wood cross dam.
From scheme, can find out, so-called fish pass is only respectively to have established one at two ends, power station, groove clear span 4m, and when the flood discharge of Poyang Lake water-control project is used, fish can freely pass through from sluice.While this means not flood discharge, fish just can not come and go.
The object of the invention is to resolve the contradiction of building dam and ecological protection, that is to say, when building dam, to fish, stay the door freeing in and out together.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and 1-2 group fish pass is respectively set in the thing both sides of dam, take one group of fish pass wherein, as example, illustrates that the main composition of fish pass is as follows in conjunction with Fig. 1:
Dam rotary door structure is lying in dam body 1, by the Guo Shuihan of UNICOM 6 UNICOM's dam high water level side water body 2 and low water stage side water bodys 3, take 5 as one groups of the upper water revolving doors of a lower water revolving door 4 and, both sides have respectively UNICOM to cross water letter 6, the main shaft of two has gear 7 and 8 interlocks, rotation direction is relative, lower water revolving door 4 is active rotation door, under promoting, high water level side waterpower turns clockwise (left view direction), upper water revolving door 5 is driven revolving door, by gear 7 and 8, by lower water revolving door 4, promoted, direction of rotation is for being rotated counterclockwise (left view direction).The length of lower water revolving door 4 and width are slightly larger than length and the width of water revolving door 5, to guarantee that the thrust of lower water revolving door 4 is greater than the resistance of upper water revolving door 5.
The absolute altitude of upper water revolving door 5 is lower than the absolute altitude of lower water revolving door 4, with guarantee dry season upper water revolving door 5 locate completely dam low water stage side 3 below the water surface, can be driven by motor 10.
Each upper and lower water revolving door has 3 above door-plates 9, to the water of dam body upper and lower sides and fish are exchanged during rotation, each door-plate 9 has certain radian, and cancave cambered surface is to dam high water level side water body 2, and convex globoidal is to dam low water stage side water body 3.
No matter door-plate 9 is in which kind of position, can substantially cut off the water body 2 and 3 of dam both sides.
Upper water revolving door 5 can be driven by motor 10, also can turn 4 hydro powered by water valve, and the wet season, dry season was take driven by power as main take hydro powered as main.
The size of fish pass, the size of upper and lower water valve and intensity, rotary speed etc. need to carry out respectively determining after laboratory simulation and calculation for different dam environment.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments.Everyly belong to apparent variation or the still row in protection scope of the present invention of variation that technical scheme of the present invention extends out.
Claims (9)
1. the rotary door structure that can allow fish free in and out dam.
2. the rotary door structure of dam according to claim 1, is lying in dam body, by the water body of duct UNICOM dam high water level side and low water stage side.
3. dam rotary door structure according to claim 1 is take the upper water revolving door of a lower water revolving door and as one group, the main shaft of two has engaged gears, rotation direction is relative, lower water revolving door is active rotation door, rotation under high water level side waterpower promotes, upper water revolving door is driven revolving door, by gear, by lower water revolving door, is promoted.
4. the absolute altitude of dam rotary door structure according to claim 1 water valve on it is lower than the absolute altitude of water valve, with guarantee dry season upper water valve locate completely dam low water stage side below the water surface.
5. the length of dam rotary door structure water valve according to claim 3 and width are slightly larger than length and the width of water valve, to guarantee that the thrust of water valve is greater than the resistance of upper water valve.
6. each upper and lower water valve of dam rotary door structure according to claim 1 has 3 above door-plates, to water upper and lower dam body and fish are exchanged during rotation, each door-plate has certain radian, and cancave cambered surface is to dam high water level side, and convex globoidal is to dam low water stage side.
7. no matter door-plate is in which kind of position for dam rotary door structure according to claim 1, can substantially cut off the water body of dam both sides.
8. dam rotary door structure according to claim 1 can be by driven by power, also can be by hydro powered, and the wet season, dry season was take driven by power as main take hydro powered as main.
9. the size of its duct of dam rotary door structure according to claim 1 and door-plate is much larger than the size of fish, and its rotating speed is lower, can not form injury to fish.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310689793.8A CN103741652A (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2013-12-05 | Design for fish ways of ecological dam |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310689793.8A CN103741652A (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2013-12-05 | Design for fish ways of ecological dam |
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| CN103741652A true CN103741652A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310689793.8A Pending CN103741652A (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2013-12-05 | Design for fish ways of ecological dam |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104863099A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-26 | 三峡大学 | Fish downstream dam passing system |
| CN104988886A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽理工大学 | Water power revolving door type fishway |
| CN108651394A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-10-16 | 丁建兵 | A kind of automatic fishing device and its fishing method for river sluice gate |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2138145Y (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-07-14 | 朱唯争 | Underneath fish tunnel under dam |
| JP2003213657A (en) * | 2002-01-22 | 2003-07-30 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Water turbine type gate device |
| CN1863970A (en) * | 2003-10-06 | 2006-11-15 | 寄寅舒 | Automatic variable fishway by water level sensed |
| RU2288987C1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-12-10 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Новочеркасская государственная мелиоративная академия" ФГОУ ВПО (НГМА) | Fish pass |
| CN102322046A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-01-18 | 林升 | Doorway type fishway |
-
2013
- 2013-12-05 CN CN201310689793.8A patent/CN103741652A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2138145Y (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-07-14 | 朱唯争 | Underneath fish tunnel under dam |
| JP2003213657A (en) * | 2002-01-22 | 2003-07-30 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Water turbine type gate device |
| CN1863970A (en) * | 2003-10-06 | 2006-11-15 | 寄寅舒 | Automatic variable fishway by water level sensed |
| RU2288987C1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-12-10 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Новочеркасская государственная мелиоративная академия" ФГОУ ВПО (НГМА) | Fish pass |
| CN102322046A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-01-18 | 林升 | Doorway type fishway |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104863099A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-26 | 三峡大学 | Fish downstream dam passing system |
| CN104988886A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽理工大学 | Water power revolving door type fishway |
| CN108651394A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-10-16 | 丁建兵 | A kind of automatic fishing device and its fishing method for river sluice gate |
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