CN102320068A - A kind of bamboo of improved high-frequency heating/wood reconstituted material manufacturing approach - Google Patents
A kind of bamboo of improved high-frequency heating/wood reconstituted material manufacturing approach Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of manufacturing approach of improved bamboo/wood reconstituted material, comprises following technology: one, the high-frequency oscillating circuits of load of bamboo timber and radio-frequency generator forms and is connected in parallel; Two, add in the space that between center platen 5 and between center platen and lower bearing bracket 1, the pressure head 10, forms man-hour and place a bamboo recombined material or wood reconstituted material slab 7; Three, high frequency heat glues together, and its concrete processing step is divided into, and (one) is equipped with unit material; (2) unit material is dry; (3) impregnation and dry again; (4) assembly; (5) precompressed packing; (6) high-frequency heating gummed.Advantage: avoid surface layer adhesive stick over-cured and embrittlement or sandwich layer adhesive are uncured and cause the bad phenomenon of gummed; Use lower pressure and reach good bonding quality, the moulding gummed pressure≤8MPa of bamboo/wood reconstituted material.The cycle of hot-press gluing is short.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of manufacturing approach of bamboo/wood reconstituted material of improved high-frequency heating, belongs to bamboo wood (timber) processing technique field.
Background technology
Described the heating of employing high-frequency electric field like its denomination of invention of Chinese invention patent publication number CN100999092 for " a kind of manufacturing approach of bamboo strip laminated board " number of patent application 200710019222.8 and placed one between the electrode to contain glue thin bamboo strips used for weaving slab, inside and outside thin bamboo strips used for weaving and adhesive thereof evenly have been heating and curing simultaneously make the method for bamboo strip laminated board or bamboo recombined material.Has the advantage that heating is fast, the top layer sandwich layer heats simultaneously.This manufacturing approach overcome in the present general bamboo timber wood-based plate manufacturing hot-press gluing operation use steam contact conduction heating from watch to lining, firing rate slowly, can not process the shortcoming of thickness greater than 50mm; Also overcome simultaneously the Chinese patent number described bonding process of 200610021013. mandate publication number CN100408590; Promptly adopt the ultrahigh-pressure cold molded (actual production pressure is 70MPa) of unit pressure >=55MPa earlier, under the condition of keep-uping pressure, make long-time heating curing in the drying room of slab about 100～130 ℃ then.The hyperpressure that this method adopts is under the normal temperature state, to exert pressure, and the lumen of bamboo wood is by conquassation, and cell membrane also can sustain damage, and causes the defective that appearance is chapped and the bamboo silk is peeled off in the product use.High-frequency heating is made thickness 100mm above bamboo timber slab and square bar and is had many advantages; But; State below finding in the one Chinese patent application numbers 200710019222.8 not enough on the implementation: 1. this patented method has adopted load strings to be coupled to high-frequency oscillating circuits; Bamboo/wood material discharge breakdown very easily in high voltage electric field (8.0-10.5kv) causes continuing heating; 2. a production cycle can only add bamboo/wood reconstituted material of hot gluing in the method for this patent elaboration, and productivity ratio is lower; 3. owing to be in down material-to-be-heated between the positive plate and last negative plate and directly contact with lower bearing bracket with seaming chuck; Steel slab surface is bigger through the heat dissipation capacity of seaming chuck and lower bearing bracket in the heating process; Cause material-to-be-heated upper and lower surfaces temperature to be lower than core layer temperature all the time, the adhesive solidification degree is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
Bamboo/wood reconstituted material the manufacturing approach that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improved high-frequency heating is intended to overcome the problems referred to above that existing high-frequency heating gummed exists.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of manufacturing approach of improved bamboo/wood reconstituted material is characterized in that this method comprises following measure and technology:
One, the high-frequency oscillating circuits of load of bamboo timber and radio-frequency generator forms and is connected in parallel;
Two, press is set up 1～3 of anodal center platen, 0～2 of negative pole center platen; Positive plate and negative plate are placed the upper and lower surfaces of center platen; Interlaced arrangement negative pole center platen between the anodal center platen; And press seaming chuck and lower bearing bracket pressing plate are negative pole; Filling heat insulator between pole plate and the pressing plate adds in the space that between center platen and between center platen and following machine, the press seaming chuck, forms man-hour and places a bamboo recombined material or wood reconstituted material slab, and the high frequency press once heats glue-bondable 2～6 and the above wooden compound reorganization material of bamboo recombined material, wood reconstituted material or bamboo like this;
Three, high frequency heat glues together, and its concrete processing step is divided into,
(1), be equipped with unit material, unit material is for thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving or add thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving or veneer bar or the dyeing Wooden veneer bar that seam is handled;
(2), unit material is dry, through drying process moisture content reduced to 8～10%;
(3), impregnation and dry again, adhesive is a phenolic resins, impregnated phenolic resin; Be diluted to solid content 25%; Impregnation resin content 5%-10%, the ratio of the oven dry weight of resin and the oven dry weight of thin bamboo strips used for weaving, thin bamboo strips used for weaving is dried to moisture content 8～14% behind the impregnation under 70 ℃ and following temperature conditions;
(4), assembly, will contain the thin bamboo strips used for weaving of glue or add seam thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving or the veneer bar handled and be regardless of level assembly on the precompressed baling press by same direction, thickness direction;
(5), precompressed packing, weighing according to predefined density contains glue thin bamboo strips used for weaving or Wooden veneer bar, assembly on preformer then, the primer fluid pressing system compresses the back and binds with plastic tape;
(6), high-frequency heating gummed, slab is placed between seaming chuck and lower bearing bracket negative pole and each center platen of high frequency press and pressurizes and the high-frequency heating gummed, 2～6 of heating and pressurizing glue molding same period bamboo/wood reconstituted material or the compound reorganization materials of bamboo wood.
Two alternating electric fields that the present invention utilizes radio-frequency generator to produce act on the slab respectively; Dipole molecule (mainly being the hydrone in the material) in bamboo wood, timber, the adhesive is polarized in high-frequency electric field; Corresponding generation dielectric loss and self-heating make heating simultaneously inside and outside the slab, adhesive generation polycondensation reaction and solidify.Described high frequency electric frequency is 3.0～6.78Mc.
Thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving in the processing step of getting the raw materials ready () during high frequency heat glues together, its thickness 0. 8～1.7mm, width 8～25mm, length 1.9～3.1m, or through adding the thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving that seam is handled, thickness 1.8～6.0 mm, width 10～25mm, length 1.9～3.1m; The veneer bar, its thickness 1.7～2.2 mm, width 15～20mm, length 1.26～2.6m; Dyeing Wooden veneer bar, its thickness 1.5～2 mm, width 15mm, length 1.26～2.6m.
When high frequency heat glues together the assembly among processing step (four) and (five) thin bamboo strips used for weaving slightly with the coupling of root, be about to 50% thin bamboo strips used for weaving tune back assembly, make blanket length direction quality more even; Evenly mixing the back in thin bamboo strips used for weaving and Wooden veneer bar ratio 2:1 (weight ratio) lays.
The pressurization that high frequency heat glues together in the processing step (six) is to take vertical and the horizontal bidirectional pressurization; The segmentation pressurization is carried out in the vertical direction pressurization; Promptly along with the rising of temperature in the slab, pressure progressively strengthens, and makes pressure reach the unit pressure≤8.0MPa of setting; And pressurize 8～20 minutes, pressure drop stage, steam discharge, release in 20～30 minutes again.
The high frequency electric frequency that high frequency heat glues together the high-frequency heating gummed in the processing step (six) is 3.0～6.78 megahertzes, the maximum spacing≤1.0m of two interpolars.
The high-frequency heating gummed that high frequency heat glues together in the processing step (six) is the multilayer pressing plate; Comprise seaming chuck, lower bearing bracket negative pole pressing plate and several layers of center platen; Existing positive pole also has negative pole; Form 2～6 high-frequency electric fields, can produce 2～6 bamboo/wood reconstituted materials or the compound reorganization material of bamboo wood a heating cycle.
Advantage of the present invention: 1) heating simultaneously inside and outside the blank, required pressure is lower.To being heated raw material, it is that other mode of heatings (like radiation heating and conventional heat conduction mode of heating) are incomparable that its load is uniformly distributed with heating.Bamboo wood hardness is high, is difficult for compression, and in hot pressing, not only pressure is big, and must lean on thermoplastic just can be compressed to the density of design.Compare with the conductibility heating, high-frequency heating can realize the about consistent intensification thermoplastic synchronously of slab, and required pressure is less; 2) insulating requirements is low.Because the last lower platen that links to each other with frame is negative pole, last lower platen directly passes through rack earth, to the basic naked requirement of vertical direction, thereby avoids electric field breakdown, the material generation of phenomenon such as catch fire; 3) production efficiency is high.The high-frequency heating gummed cycle is short, the bamboo wood reconstituted material of thickness 160mm, and a pressing cycle is about 40～60 minutes, and one-period can process 2-6 piece bamboo wood reconstituted material, boosts productivity greatly; 4) environmental protection and security are good.Advanced, the environmental protection of technology during suitability for industrialized production (need not boiler), using energy source economical rationality; The high frequency frequency is lower, in the production process human body is not had influence.5) adopt this technology, the moulding gummed pressure≤8MPa of bamboo recombined material is significantly less than the pressure that cold moudling method (70MPa) adopts.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is that the high frequency heat that once adds 4 bamboo recombined materials of hot gluing or wood reconstituted material glues together sketch map.
1 is lower bearing bracket pressing plate (steel) among the figure, the 2nd, and heat-barrier material, the 3rd, negative plate (sheet copper); The 4th, positive plate (sheet copper), the 5th, center platen (steel), the 6th, stainless steel backing plate; The 7th, bamboo recombined material or wood reconstituted material slab; The 8th, side direction adds pressuring template (epoxy resin), and the 9th, upper spider (steel), the 10th, press seaming chuck (steel).
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the load of bamboo timber is parallel in the high-frequency oscillating circuits of radio-frequency generator; Press is set up 1～3 of anodal center platen, 0～2 of negative pole center platen; Positive plate 4 and negative plate 3 are placed the upper and lower surfaces of center platen 5; Interlaced arrangement negative pole center platen between the anodal center platen; And press seaming chuck 10 is negative pole with lower bearing bracket pressing plate 1; Filling heat insulator between pole plate and the pressing plate adds in the space that between center platen 5 and between center platen 5 and lower bearing bracket pressing plate 1, the press seaming chuck 10, forms man-hour and places a bamboo recombined material or wood reconstituted material slab 7, and the high frequency press once heats glue-bondable 2～6 and the above wooden compound reorganization material of bamboo recombined material, wood reconstituted material or bamboo like this; Between the negative plate up and down (copper sheet) of press and frame, each pole plate (copper sheet) and center platen, increase heat-barrier material, prevent that heat energy from reaching center platen and frame; High frequency heat glues together; The thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving (can be described as bamboo chip) of thickness 4mm, width 20mm, length 3.1m is added seam and handles adding on the seam machine; Make thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving have several and on same straight line, do not penetrate the slit, purpose is to reduce the rigidity of thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving, and the impregnation resin content when increasing follow-up impregnation operation.Thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving is dried to moisture content about 8～10%, impregnated phenolic resin (being diluted to solid content 25%), impregnation resin content 6% ratio of the oven dry weight of thin bamboo strips used for weaving (oven dry weight of resin with).Thin bamboo strips used for weaving low temperature behind the impregnation (60 ℃) is dried to moisture content 8～14%, again according to density 1.1g/cm
3Carrying out thin bamboo strips used for weaving weight calculates, weighs; Thin bamboo strips used for weaving is by same direction (thickness direction is regardless of level) assembly, primer fluid pressing system on the precompressed baling press; Bind with plastic baling band behind the pressing plate compression thin bamboo strips used for weaving; Hang 4 bag thin bamboo strips used for weavings and get into 4 layers charger up and down, be conveyed into simultaneously in the high-frequency heating press with mechanical system; Start Hydraulic Station, start side pressure earlier, make the side guide spacing be fixed on the position (like 800mm) of setting, restart malleation, top board successively descends with each center platen, reaches the unit pressure 3.5MPa of setting; Connect high frequency electric source, form 4 high-frequency electric field heating thin bamboo strips used for weavings; During 10min pressure is increased to 8.0MPa, continue high-frequency heating simultaneously, temperature reaches 140～150 ℃ in slab, continues pressurize 5min, pressure drop stage, steam discharge, release in 20～30min then; About heat time heating time 25min, pressing cycle is about about 50min; The high frequency electric frequency is 3.0～3.5 megahertzes.High frequency power 55～60kW in early stage, later stage 40～50kW.
The physical and mechanical property of bamboo recombined material is following:
Size: 3.0m * 800mm * 150mm
Density: 0.95～1.2g/cm
3
MOR∥：≥110MPa
MOE∥：≥10000MPa
Embodiment 2: high frequency heat glues together; The thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving of thick 1.2mm, wide 15mm, long 3.1m is dried to moisture content 8～10%; 5 impregnated phenolic resins (being diluted to solid content 25%), impregnation resin content 7% ratio of the oven dry weight of thin bamboo strips used for weaving (oven dry weight of resin with), other is with embodiment 1.
Thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving reorganization material physical and mechanical property is following:
Size: 3.0m * 800mm * 150mm
Density: 0.95～1.1g/cm
3
MOR∥：≥120MPa
MOE∥：≥11000MPa
Embodiment 3: high frequency heat glues together, and above-mentioned thin bamboo strips used for weaving is handled by embodiment 1 said method; About Wooden veneer bar width 15mm, thickness 1.5～2mm, length 2.6m, be dried to moisture content 8%, impregnation, low temperature drying to moisture content 8～14% are again according to density 1.0g/cm
3Calculate, weigh; Weigh and mix in thin bamboo strips used for weaving and Wooden veneer bar ratio 2:1 (weight ratio), on the precompressed baling press, evenly lay, lay the hydraulic system that the back that finishes starts the precompressed baling press by same direction; Pressing plate is depressed into authorized pressure, and tighten with plastic baling band the compression back.Lift 4 bags during hot pressing simultaneously and get into charger, be conveyed into simultaneously in the high-frequency heating press with mechanical system; Start Hydraulic Station, open side pressure earlier, make the side guide spacing be fixed on the position (like 800mm) of setting, restart malleation, top board successively descends with each center platen, reaches the unit pressure 3.0MPa of setting; Connect high frequency electric source, form 4 high-frequency electric fields and heat simultaneously; During 10min pressure is increased to 7.0MPa, continue high-frequency heating simultaneously,, continue pressurize 5min, pressure drop stage, steam discharge, release in 20～30min again when thin bamboo strips used for weaving reaches 135～145 ℃; About heat time heating time 25min, pressing cycle is about 50min; The high frequency electric frequency is 3.0～3.5 megahertzes.High frequency power 55～60kW in early stage, later stage 40～50kW.
The compound reorganization material physical and mechanical property of bamboo wood is following:
Size: 2.5m * 800mm * 150mm
Density: 0.85～1.1g/cm
3
MOR∥：≥90MPa
MOE∥：≥10000Mpa
Embodiment 4 high frequency heat glue together, and dyeing veneer bar is divided into light/dark balance and brown two kinds of colors, about wide 15～20mm, thick 1.7～2.2mm, 2.6m, are dried to moisture content about 8%, and impregnation, low temperature drying to moisture content 8～14% are again according to density 0.8g/cm
3Calculate, weigh, two kinds of color Wooden veneers of required band glue bar is divided into some wisps, every wisp becomes the wisp veneer strip of another kind of color to mix respectively, then by same direction (thickness direction is regardless of level) assembly on the precompressed baling press; Start the hydraulic system of precompressed baling press, pressing plate is tightened with plastic baling band after being depressed into authorized pressure, lifts 4 bags during hot pressing simultaneously and gets into charger, sends into simultaneously in the high-frequency heating press with mechanical system is defeated; Start Hydraulic Station, open side pressure earlier, make the side guide spacing be fixed on the position such as the 800mm of setting, restart malleation, top board successively descends with each middle pressing plate, reaches the unit pressure 2.0MPa of setting; Connect high frequency electric source, form 4 alternate high-frequency electric fields of positive and negative plate and carry out the medium heating; After during 10min pressure is increased to 6.0MPa, continue high-frequency heating simultaneously,, continue pressurize 5min, pressure drop stage, steam discharge, release in 20～30min again when timber inside reaches 135～145 ℃; Pressing cycle is about 50min; High frequency electric frequency 3.0～7.68 megahertzes.
Dyeing veneer reorganization material physical and mechanical property is following:
Size: 2.5m * 800mm * 150mm,
Density: 0.65～0.9g/cm
3,
MOR∥：≥90MPa，MOE∥：≥10000Mpa。
Claims (6)
1. the manufacturing approach of an improved bamboo/wood reconstituted material is characterized in that this method comprises following measure and technology:
One, the high-frequency oscillating circuits of load of bamboo timber and radio-frequency generator forms and is connected in parallel;
Two, press is set up 1～3 of anodal center platen, 0～2 of negative pole center platen; Positive plate and negative plate are placed the upper and lower surfaces of center platen; Interlaced arrangement negative pole center platen between the anodal center platen; And press seaming chuck and lower bearing bracket pressing plate are negative pole; Filling heat insulator between pole plate and the pressing plate adds in the space that between center platen and between center platen and lower bearing bracket, the press seaming chuck, forms man-hour and places a bamboo recombined material or wood reconstituted material slab, and the high frequency press once heats glue-bondable 2～6 and the above wooden compound reorganization material of bamboo recombined material, wood reconstituted material or bamboo like this;
Three, high frequency heat glues together, and its concrete processing step is divided into,
(1), be equipped with unit material, unit material is for thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving or add thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving or veneer bar or the dyeing Wooden veneer bar that seam is handled;
(2), unit material is dry, through drying process moisture content reduced to 8～10%;
(3), impregnation and dry again, adhesive is a phenolic resins, impregnated phenolic resin; Be diluted to solid content 25%; Impregnation resin content 5%-10%, the ratio of the oven dry weight of resin and the oven dry weight of thin bamboo strips used for weaving, thin bamboo strips used for weaving is dried to moisture content 8～14% behind the impregnation under 70 ℃ and following temperature conditions;
(4), assembly, will contain the thin bamboo strips used for weaving of glue or add seam thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving or the veneer bar handled and be regardless of level assembly on the precompressed baling press by same direction, thickness direction;
(5), precompressed packing, weighing according to predefined density contains glue thin bamboo strips used for weaving or Wooden veneer bar, assembly on preformer then, the primer fluid pressing system compresses the back and binds with plastic tape;
(6), high-frequency heating gummed, slab is placed between seaming chuck and lower bearing bracket negative pole and each center platen of high frequency press and pressurizes and the high-frequency heating gummed, 2～6 of heating and pressurizing glue molding same period bamboo/wood reconstituted material or the compound reorganization materials of bamboo wood.
2. the manufacturing approach of a kind of bamboo/wood reconstituted material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the thin thin bamboo strips used for weaving in the processing step of getting the raw materials ready () of high frequency heat in gluing together; Its thickness 0. 8～1.7mm, width 8～25mm, length 1.9～3.1m; Or through adding the thick thin bamboo strips used for weaving that seam is handled, thickness 1.8～6.0 mm, width 10～25mm, length 1.9～3.1m; The veneer bar, its thickness 1.7～2.2 mm, width 15～20mm, length 1.26～2.6m; Dyeing Wooden veneer bar, its thickness 1.5～2 mm, width 15mm, length 1.26～2.6m.
3. the manufacturing approach of a kind of bamboo wood reconstituted material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that thin bamboo strips used for weaving when high frequency heat glues together the assembly among processing step (four) and (five) slightly with the coupling of root; Be about to 50% thin bamboo strips used for weaving tune back assembly, make blanket length direction quality more even; Evenly mixing the back in thin bamboo strips used for weaving and Wooden veneer bar ratio 2:1 (weight ratio) lays.
4. the manufacturing approach of a kind of bamboo/wood reconstituted material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that it is to take vertical and horizontal bidirectional pressurization that high frequency heat glues together pressurization in the processing step (six), the vertical direction pressurization is carried out segmentation and is pressurizeed, promptly along with the rising of temperature in the slab; Pressure progressively strengthens; Make pressure reach the unit pressure≤8.0MPa of setting, and pressurize 8～20 minutes, pressure drop stage, steam discharge, release in 20～30 minutes again.
5. the manufacturing approach of a kind of bamboo/wood reconstituted material according to claim 1 is characterized in that the high frequency electric frequency that high frequency heat glues together the high-frequency heating gummed in the processing step (six) is 3.0～6.78 megahertzes, the maximum spacing≤1.0m of two interpolars.
6. the manufacturing approach of a kind of bamboo/wood reconstituted material according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the high-frequency heating gummed that high frequency heat glues together in the processing step (six) is the multilayer pressing plate; Comprise seaming chuck, lower bearing bracket negative pole pressing plate and several layers of center platen; Existing positive pole also has negative pole, forms 2～6 high-frequency electric fields, and can produce 2～6 bamboo/wood reconstituted materials or the compound reorganization material of bamboo wood a heating cycle.
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