CN102319456B - 眼科手术盒及系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于眼科眼科手术泵(16)的盒(74),用于收集来自患者眼睛的抽吸液和组织,包括具有刚性壁的容器(18),其具有内部容积(42)。至少一个锥形对准槽(20)形成在容器侧壁中,并且从后壁(24)向前壁(26)延伸。冲洗和抽吸歧管基座(50)可移除地连接至容器(18)。抽吸路径形成在容器(18)中,用于接收来自眼睛的抽吸液和组织并且在流体和组织聚集在容器(18)的内部容积(42)的大部分中之前将流体流导向容器(18)前半部。液面指示器(34)形成在容器(18)的壁(22)上,从而泵(16)的相关光电检测器(86)可以确定容器(18)中的液面。
Description
本申请是申请日为2007年6月6日、申请号为200780021213.0、发明名称为“眼科手术盒及系统”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及眼科手术盒以及泵系统。更特别地,本申请涉及文氏管眼科手术盒及泵。
背景技术
本领域中熟知用于各种泵系统、包括文氏管泵的眼科手术盒。尤其用于文氏管泵的这种手术盒,通常包括具有刚性壁的盒,其可以连接至冲洗/抽吸管道。依次地,管道通常连接至外科医生在眼科手术期间使用的外科手术手持件。然后,具有刚性壁的盒包含盒或容器的内部容积的大部分,其从手术部位收集抽吸流体和组织液用于稍后处理。这种盒可以是一次性或者可重复使用的。这种具有刚性壁的盒通常固定在泵组件中,并且因而特别重要的是这种盒具有液位检测配置以防止盒溢出和泄漏手术流体到泵的内部而造成生物危害和可能破坏泵。
现有已知的液面检测配置,诸如在美国专利4773897中所公开的,其中在盒的已定义室中使用浮动球。随后,浮动球随着盒内液面增加而浮动,并且最终阻塞光源和光电晶体管之间的通路,这两者组合以形成液面监测器。一旦浮动球阻塞光到达光电监测器的路径,那么系统触发泵停止,而停止抽吸,直到盒清空。虽然这种浮动球配置已经使用多年并且是可靠的,但是随着时间过去,浮动球某种程度上浸水并且来自球的浮动的精确量在生产期间因球而异。因而,盒内流体的精确高度并非一致地由这种浮动球和光监测器配置而确定。
对于泵盒而言,通常包括连接至盒的抽吸和冲洗管道。当需要清空盒时,该管道通常需要被牵拉脱离盒上的匹配钩状件。使这种管道牵拉脱离钩状件会有些困难和耗时,并且不易于实现。因而,适合的是具有收集盒,其中大部分管道不需要移除其连接。这将加快手术速度,并且使其对于手术室人员更友好以及时地准备好所述盒用于进一步手术。
现有技术的外科手术盒通常将来自抽吸管的流体从朝向盒子后部并且远离操作者的位置倾倒入盒子中。在手术期间,外科手术控制台通常具有传感器和指示器图标和可听见的警报,在当假设抽吸流已经停止时使用,同时还对抽吸管道施加真空。这种配置通常足以允许安全操作手术盒。然而,操作者需要的是易于观察流体流入盒的容器的内部容积中以向操作者提供简单和方便的视觉反馈,即存在抽吸流体流。
典型的现有技术外科手术盒的形状是基本上三维矩形。所需的是,提供一些类型的对准或插入引导以帮助操作者正确地将盒插入其各个泵中。
因而,需要一种改进的眼科手术盒及系统。
发明内容
为此,本发明请求保护一种用于与眼科手术泵一起使用的盒,用于收集来自患者眼睛的抽吸液和组织,包括:具有刚性壁的容器,具有内部容积;以及冲洗和抽吸歧管基座,可移除地连接至容器,用于允许在手术期间清空所述盒,而无需使得冲洗和抽吸管道脱离歧管基座。
优选的,容器包括顶壁,顶壁具有第一部分和第二部分,第一部分用于接纳冲洗和抽吸歧管基座,第二部分具有用于连接至歧管的抽吸管道的结构以及用于连接至文氏管泵的结构。
优选的,歧管基座还包括灌注入口管、灌注出口管、流体排出管和第一抽吸管。
优选的,根据本发明的盒还包括第二抽吸管。
优选的,歧管基座还包括连接至灌注入口管、灌注出口管和流体排出管的冲洗歧管、以及连接至第一抽吸管和流体排出管的抽吸歧管。
优选的,抽吸歧管还连接至第二抽吸管。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的眼科手术系统的透视图;
图2是根据本发明的眼科手术系统的一部分的透视图;
图3是图2的剖面视图;
图4是图3的相反侧的透视图;
图5是图4的前视图;
图6是根据本发明的眼科手术盒的一部分的透视图;
图7是根据本发明的眼科手术盒的透视图;
图8是图6的备选实施例的顶视图;
图9是图2的盒的一部分的局部横截面;
图10是根据本发明的检测配置的图示;
图11是根据本发明的液面指示器的备选实施例;
图12是图11的液面检测的图示;以及
图13是用于根据本发明备选实施例的光电探测器的盒检测。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的眼科手术控制台(console)10的透视图。控制台10包括主体或机架12、显示器14和泵16。控制台10还可以包括IV电极组件、其它眼科手术模块诸如光模块、剪刀模块、第二泵,和其它典型眼科手术模块,所有这些部件未示出。具有下文详细所述的内部容积的具有刚性壁的容器18形成盒的一部分,用于与眼科手术泵诸如泵16一起使用,并且通常插入泵16中。容器优选由适用于眼科手术的透明塑料材料制成,正如本领域中已知的。容器或盒18优选包括至少一个形成在容器18的侧壁22中的具有锥度的对准槽20。槽优选从后壁24朝向前壁26延伸。冲洗歧管基座(下文将详细描述)优选可移除地连接至容器18,并且使用钩状件(barb)28和槽口30保持在容器18上。抽吸通路优选形成在容器18中,用于通过入口32而接收来自眼睛的抽吸液和组织。抽吸通路(下文将详细描述)优选在流体和组织收集在容器18的内部容积的大部分中之前将流体流引向容器的前半部。液面指示器34优选形成在容器18的壁22上,从而泵的相关的光电检测器(下文将详细描述)可以确定容器18中流体的高度。
容器18包括顶壁36,顶壁具有第一部分用于接纳冲洗和抽吸歧管基座,顶壁并具有第二部分,该第二部分具有用于连接至歧管的抽吸管道的结构32,顶壁并具有用于连接至文氏管泵的结构38。结构38通常是孔,将气体吹在其上以便于在容器18中形成文氏管吸入。
具有锥度的槽20优选是形成在容器18的相对侧壁上的一对具有锥度的对准槽中之一。槽优选具有基本上外扩的U形。这些槽20帮助用户将容器18插入泵16中,并且确保将容器18正确地对准在泵16中。图3示出了容器18的剖面透视图,所述容器18在侧壁22相对侧上具有侧壁40。图3还示出图2中未示出的另外优选的对准槽20。
图4示出了图3中所示视图的相对侧的剖面透视图。图4在箭头42处示出了容器18内部容积的大部分的一半。如图所示,容器18通常包括遍布容器18中间隔设置的多个刚性支撑元件44。当在容器18的内部容积42中抽真空时,这些刚性支撑元件44防止侧壁22和40塌缩。抽吸路径基本上示出在46处,并且抽吸液和组织在箭头48的方向上在容器18中流动,容器18用于通过入口32接收来自眼睛的抽吸液和组织。抽吸路径46将流体流导向前半部,并且优选从容器18的后部导向容器18的前壁26附近。通过将流体流导向前壁26,抽吸路径46允许操作者容易地观察在手术期间是否抽吸液和组织流入容器18的内部容积42中。这是尤其有利地,因为其向操作者提供了直接的视觉反馈,即在手术期间组织抽吸正确地执行功能。这样,在流体和组织收集在容器18的内部容积42的大部分中之前,抽吸路径46将流体流导向容器18的前半部。
图5是图4的透视图的平面正视图,并且更清晰地在箭头48处示出了流体流的方向上的抽吸路径46。
图6示出了根据本发明的冲洗和抽吸歧管基座50的优选实施例的透视图。歧管基座50包括与图2中所示的槽口30配合的翼片(tab)52,并且基座50还优选配合在钩状件28和顶面36之间,从而歧管基座50牢固地保持在容器18上。歧管基座50和容器18组合以形成根据本发明的眼科手术盒。歧管基座50优选包括冲洗入口管54,用于接收来自冲洗源的冲洗流,正如本领域熟知的。歧管基座50还优选地包括冲洗出口管56,用于允许冲洗流体从管54流入在手术期间使用的眼科手术器械。歧管基座50还优选包括抽吸管线58和抽吸管60,用于从手术位置(未示出)将抽吸液和组织送入容器18。抽吸管60连接至入口32。歧管基座50还优选包括抽吸歧管62,抽吸歧管62将抽吸管线58和抽吸管60与回流和液体排出管道64连接。块体(block)66和68向常规压缩阀提供了接触面,用于打开和关闭回流和排出管道64以及抽吸管线60,并且以常规方式经由泵16和手术控制台10而受控。冲洗入口管54还优选包括并且与压缩阀配合用于打开和关闭冲洗流体流。冲洗歧管70将回流管道64与冲洗入口管54和冲洗出口管56连接。图6示出了具有另外的空槽72的歧管基座50,所述空槽72可以用于本发明的备选实施例,将在下文中在图8详细描述。
歧管基座50便利地允许冲洗入口和出口管54和56以及抽吸管线58在整个手术期间保持连接至歧管基座50,如上所述。如果容器18将填充有流体和组织并且需要清空,简单按压翼片52和使管道60单独脱离容器18,将允许操作者清空容器18并且快速地将歧管基座50连同抽吸管60再连接至容器18。这样,容器18可以快速和便利地清空,而无需进行笨拙和通常数次困难的移除管道54、56和58,如现有技术中所需的。
图7是根据本发明的盒74的透视图,其包括容器18和歧管基座50,如上所述。盒74示为具有整个长度的管道54、56和58、以及保持带76,用于包含在眼科手术包中。
图8示出了根据本发明的歧管基座的备选实施例的顶视图。除了歧管基座78优选包括第二抽吸管线或管道80之外,歧管基座78与上述的基座50相同。管道80连接至备选实施例的歧管82,其类似于上述的歧管62。根据所执行的手术,外科医生可能更倾向于第二抽吸管线80,如图8中所示,从而可以连接第二手术手持件,而无需将管道从连接至抽吸管线58的手术手持件上移除。图8还便利地示出优选的压缩阀位置,如84处黑色“X”所示。
图9示出了容器18的局部剖视横截面,示出液面指示器34与泵16的相关光电检测器86协作。液面指示器34优选形成在容器18的壁22上,从而泵16的相关光电检测器86可以确定容器中的液面。液面指示器34基本上作为棱镜(prism)工作,以检测容器18中的液面。
液面指示器34是具有凹口的部分,如图所示具有基本上与容器18的壁22平行的面88、以及将面88连接至容器18的壁22的一对成角度的侧部90和92,以形成棱镜,从而可以由光电检测器86确定盒74的液面。
光电检测器86可以是合适的成像装置和光源,诸如电荷耦合装置(CCD)或CMOS装置,或者优选可以是接触图像传感器。接触图像传感器基本上是用于创建图像的光电检测器的一维阵列。接触图像传感器的一个实例是来自COMS Sensors公司可获得的Model M106-A6-R1模块。这种接触图像传感器尺寸相对较小,并且有利地用于本发明中。虽然如上所述,但是根据本发明也可以使用其它光电检测器。
图10示出了通过液面指示器的光发射图,诸如34(图10的棱镜未绘制成与图9相同的尺寸)。液面指示器34和光电检测器86协作,从而通过穿过棱镜以及具有不同折射率的材料边界之间的光透射的物理现象来检测液面。正如本领域技术人员将意识到的,当光以直角与两种媒介之间的边界相交时,几乎所有的光都透射通过该边界。然而,当光以小于90°的角度与两种媒介之间的边界相交时,一些光透射,而一些光反射。光的角度和两种媒介之间折射率的变化确定了多少光透射而多少光反射。该原理应用于本发明,以检测盒74中的液面。使用诸如接触图像传感器的光电检测器86检测盒74中液面包括两组边界条件。一组边界条件是在液面以下,而另一组边界条件存在于液面之上。两组边界条件具有两个交界面。一个交界面在空气和盒材料之间,而另一个交界面在盒材料和盒内含物之间,即抽吸液和组织或空气。空气和盒材料之间的第一交界面是无意义的,因为反射的光的量将相同,而不受盒内含物的影响。盒材料和盒内含物之间的第二交界面是最重要的,因为反射光的量直接与盒内含物相关。图10的各条线示出了反射光的这一差别。
进一步考虑上述的反射强度概念,通过定制反射和透射系数,可以实现存在的流体和不存在的流体的强度之间的更大差别。这可以通过将特征模制在盒壁上而实现,如上参考图9所述。光电检测器86接收的光量直接与媒介边界处反射的光量成比例。通过监视每个光电检测器处接收的光量,可以确定液面。液面将对应于反射光强度改变的点。
图11和12示出了根据本发明的液面指示器的备选实施例。图11示出了具有凸出区域96的液面指示器94,从而凸出区域放大了容器中的任何流体,由此允许光电检测器100确定盒101的液面。液面指示器94与对比色带98协作,从而凸出区域96放大存在流体的条带98,而不放大不存在流体的条带,如图12中所示。随后,光电检测器100可以确定放大的条带改变成未放大的条带的点。凸出区域96基本上是透镜,其利用空气和流体之间折射指数的差别。在图11的实施例中,如果盒模制有凸出区域96,其将放大图像,例如位于盒的相对侧上的条带98。图13示出了根据本发明的又一实施例。图13包括类似上述的盒侧壁102的局部正视图,并且还包括类似于如上所述的指示器34的液面指示器104。指示器104还包括几何图形106,或者其它标志,其可用于识别手术中将使用的盒的类型。该识别对于系统用户是便利的,因为可以区别较晚的盒与较前的盒,并且将正确的外科设置呈现给外科医生。标志106优选地位于指示器104中,处于不需要液面检测的位置。
因而已经示出了本发明的眼科手术盒和系统,其改变对于本领域技术人员将是明显的。这种改变将落入本发明以及在此所述的权利要求的范围中。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于与眼科手术泵一起使用的盒,用于收集来自患者眼睛的抽吸液和组织,包括:
具有刚性壁的容器,具有内部容积;以及
冲洗和抽吸歧管基座,可移除地连接至容器,用于允许在手术期间清空所述盒,而无需使得冲洗和抽吸管道脱离歧管基座;
其中,容器包括顶壁,顶壁具有第一部分和第二部分,第一部分用于接纳冲洗和抽吸歧管基座,第二部分具有用于连接至歧管基座的抽吸管道的结构以及用于连接至文氏管泵的结构;
其中,歧管基座还包括灌注入口管、灌注出口管、流体排出管和第一抽吸管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的盒,其特征在于,歧管基座还包括第二抽吸管。
3.根据权利要求1所述的盒,其特征在于,歧管基座还包括连接至灌注入口管、灌注出口管和流体排出管的冲洗歧管、以及连接至第一抽吸管和流体排出管的抽吸歧管。
4.根据权利要求3所述的盒,其特征在于,歧管基座还包括第二抽吸管,并且抽吸歧管还连接至第二抽吸管。
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