CN102318573A - Breeding method according to morphological character and quantitative character related to growth of GIFT tilapia - Google Patents
Breeding method according to morphological character and quantitative character related to growth of GIFT tilapia Download PDFInfo
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- CN102318573A CN102318573A CN201110232316A CN201110232316A CN102318573A CN 102318573 A CN102318573 A CN 102318573A CN 201110232316 A CN201110232316 A CN 201110232316A CN 201110232316 A CN201110232316 A CN 201110232316A CN 102318573 A CN102318573 A CN 102318573A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a tilapia variety improvement and new variety breeding technique, in particular to a technique which can rapidly breed Gift tilapia with high population growth speed. In order to overcome the defects that excellent characters are lost during re-breeding and the breeding time is long in the growth and breeding process of Gift tilapia families at present, in the growth and breeding process of the Gift tilapia families, individuals in all families of the same generation are viewed as a whole for breeding according to the morphological characters and quantitative characters, a certain amount of populations with good growth performance are selected according to the morphological or quantitative characters positively related to the growth, and finally the Gift tilapia populations with good growth characters and stable genetic performance are selected through reproduction and culture. Compared with the growth speed of the Gift tilapia before breeding, the growth speed is obviously improved, the breeding time is greatly shortened and the cost is saved.
Description
Technical field
This invention belongs to Tilapia mossambica breed improvement and rearing new variety technology, especially can go out the fireballing gift tilapia technology of population growth by quickly breeding.
Background technology
At present; In the family growth seed selection process of Tilapia mossambica, join a breeding to parent by male and female parent population one with different genetic backgrounds, the offspring of every pair of parent population is a family; Pass through the growth comparative trial and calculating geno-breeding value of family then; Select " geno-breeding value " high individuality in the family, between different familys, carry out male and female one once more and join a breeding, set up new family.So like this, in per generation, is through setting up family, growth contrast, calculating " geno-breeding value ",,, reach breeding objective until selecting the good family of growth performance for carrying out follow-on family selective breeding the coming year once more.Family selective breeding is that the unit carries out the growth performance evaluation and kind is assert with the family; Because also there is the different gene type in the inner individuality of family; Show the different traits hereditary difference; Even such family comprises a small amount of genetic variation and growth performance defect individual, can not screen, also probably further lost in the process of mating between family.The breeding cycle of this kind family selective breeding method is longer relatively, and precision is relatively poor, and expense is high, and physical labor intensity is big, and general unit and enterprise are difficult to carry out.
Summary of the invention
The fishing gear of different cultivars has different genetic character characteristics, thereby shows from morphological feature or the quantitative character aspect of fish.Because the hereditary difference that fish is individual also can show hereditary difference in the generation thereafter, and probability to occur be at random, no longer is limited to the family notion that raises up seed one to one.For morphological feature and the quantitative character of understanding fully gift tilapia, we have carried out following work: the gift tilapia of each family of seed selection was cultured 2 months, and body grows to about 100 grams (if the too little morphological feature of fish body there is not typing and measure error bigger; Can occur secondary sex character after the fish body is too big and produce illusion), each family is measured 30 tail fishes, and metrical information comprises that morphological feature such as body are long; Height, body is thick, head length; Caudal peduncle is long, health speckle type, fish tail striped type etc.; Quantitative character comprises the health amount of speckle, fish tail striped quantity and body weight etc.The measurement data information of every fish input Excel form, set up female database.Classifications such as statistics has drawn high body, short body, long-tail handle, short-tail handle, thick body, thin body, major part, microcephaly, 5 body stripeds, 8 body stripeds respectively then, the body clear-cut texture is denumerable, the disorder of body striped is noncountable, tail fin parallel line type striped, tail fin " X " type tail line, 6 tail fin stripeds, 9 tail fin stripeds, anury line obtain comprising the different classes of subdata base of several body.Subdata base and body weight that analysis draws three classifications of have high body (ratio≤0.45 of fish length height), 9 tail fin stripeds, " X " type tail fin are proportionate.
In the growth seed selection process that solves present gift tilapia family; The merit that occurs is lost by seed selection once more, the drawback that the seed selection time is long, and the present invention is in the family growth seed selection process of gift tilapia; Carrying out the seed selection of morphological feature and quantitative character with regarding an integral body as for the individuality in all familys; Through form or the quantitative character that is proportionate with growth, select the colony of the good some of growth performance, again through breeding with culture; Select at last and have the gift tilapia colony that growth traits is good, heritability is stable; The gift tilapia of growth rate before than seed selection significantly improves, and shortened breeding time greatly, practices thrift cost.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of morphological feature relevant and the selection of quantitative character with the gift tilapia growth, and its characteristic may further comprise the steps:
One, sets up family.To the gift tilapia colony of the seed selection of will growing, according to the method for the individual seed selection of fish, the gift tilapia through different genetic backgrounds matches breeding one to one, sets up several gift tilapia familys.
Two, the morphological feature that is proportionate with body weight and the seed selection of quantitative character.Method according to general family selective breeding is carried out family selective breeding to gift tilapia.About each family gift tilapia of seed selection was cultured to 2 months, and individual weight 100 restrains.This moment in the gift tilapia of each family according to A: high body-9 a tail fin striped, B: high body-" X " type tail fin striped, C: " X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped; D: the combination selection of high body-" X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped goes out corresponding four colonies, and each colony separately cultures and survives the winter.
Three, good growth traits individual choice.Make up the mating breeding mating season in 1 year 5-6 month.A, B, C colony branch male and female are carried out positive and negative mating breeding (totally 6 combinations), the self-copulation of D colony.Each progeny population of combination mating breeding is through 2 months growth, goes out the good individuality of growth traits according to the combination selection of high body-" X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped, cultures and protect kind to survive the winter.
Four, the guarantor plants and fish breeding.Individuality with good growth traits is picked out after over wintering carried out fish breeding when reaching sexual maturity on the 3rd year.Each colony separately cultures and survives the winter, and the 3rd year 5-6 mating season in month, A, B, C colony divide male and female mating in twos breeding (totally 6 combinations), and the offspring that offspring who selects and the self-copulation of D colony are selected carries out selfing.Each self progeny separately cultures 2 months measurement data, carries out growth rate and surveys inspection, contrasts that the fastest parental combination of growth rate as gift tilapia parent breeding kind.
With the gift tilapia offspring of this method breeding than seed selection before fast about 8%.
Embodiment
One, sets up family.By the end of May, to protecting will the grow gift tilapia colony of seed selection of kind of field, according to the method for the individual seed selection of fish, the gift tilapia through different genetic backgrounds matches breeding one to one, obtains 60 and raises up seed, be i.e. 60 gift tilapia familys.
Two, the morphological feature that is proportionate with body weight and the seed selection of quantitative character.Method according to general family selective breeding is carried out seed selection to gift tilapia.When the gift tilapia of 60 familys of seed selection was cultured to 2 months, about individual weight 100 grams.In each family, select 30 tail gift tilapias this moment according to A: high body-9 a tail fin striped, B: high body-X " type tail fin striped, C: " X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped; D: the combination selection of high body-" X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped goes out corresponding four colonies, and each colony separately cultures and survives the winter.
Three, good growth traits individual choice.Make up the mating breeding mating season at the beginning of 1 year 6 months.A, B, C colony branch male and female are carried out positive and negative mating breeding (totally 6 combinations), the self-copulation of D colony.Each parent population number average that makes up mating is female 10 male 5 tail fishes; Mating is respectively made up the offspring and is kept 5000 tail fries after 10 days; Each progeny population of combination mating breeding is through mid-August that grows to of 2 months, and (each combination all keeps 300 tails, raun 200 tails to go out the good individuality of growth traits according to the combination selection of high body-" X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped; Milter 100 tails), culturing and protect kind survives the winter.
Four, the guarantor plants and fish breeding.Individuality with good growth traits is picked out after over wintering carried out fish breeding when reaching sexual maturity on the 3rd year.Each colony separately cultures and survives the winter, and mating season at the beginning of the 3rd year 6 months, A, B, C colony divide male and female mating in twos breeding (totally 6 combinations), and the offspring that offspring who selects and the self-copulation of D colony are selected carries out selfing.Each self progeny separately cultures 2 months to measurement data mid-August, carries out growth rate and surveys inspection, and the fastest that parental combination of contrast growth rate (high body-X " type tail fin striped, high body-9 a tail fin striped) is as gift tilapia parent breeding kind.
Growth vigor contrast: mid-July in the same year, 2 mu every mouthful identical ponds of totally 3 pig's tongue spares are put the gift tilapia of same specification seed selection and the gift tilapia of the former family of seed selection in a suitable place to breed; 1200 tails are put in every mouthful of pond behind the mark; Under similarity condition, culture at the beginning of 10 months, rise and catch, do the pool, the counting analysis of weighing; Survival rate indifference, the growth rate family fast 8.9% before than seed selection.
Claims (1)
1. the morphological feature relevant and the selection of quantitative character with gift tilapia growth, its characteristic may further comprise the steps:
One, set up family: to the gift tilapia colony of the seed selection of will growing, according to the method for the individual seed selection of fish, the gift tilapia through different genetic backgrounds matches breeding one to one, sets up several gift tilapia familys;
Two, the morphological feature that is proportionate with body weight and the seed selection of quantitative character: the method according to general family selective breeding is carried out family selective breeding to gift tilapia; When each family gift tilapia of seed selection was cultured to 2 months; About individual weight 100 grams; This moment in the gift tilapia of each family according to A: high body-9 a tail fin striped, B: high body-" X " type tail fin striped, C: " X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped; D: the combination selection of high body-" X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped goes out corresponding four colonies, and each colony separately cultures and survives the winter;
Three, good growth traits individual choice: make up the mating breeding mating season in 1 year 5-6 month, A, B, C colony branch male and female are carried out positive and negative mating breeding, the self-copulation of D colony; Each progeny population of combination mating breeding is through 2 months growth, goes out the good individuality of growth traits according to the combination selection of high body-" X " type tail fin striped-9 tail fin striped, cultures and protect kind to survive the winter;
Four, the guarantor plants and fish breeding: the individuality with good growth traits is picked out after over wintering; When reaching sexual maturity on the 3rd year, carry out fish breeding; Each colony separately cultures and survives the winter, and the 3rd year 5-6 mating season in month, A, B, C colony divide male and female mating in twos breeding; The offspring that offspring who selects and the self-copulation of D colony are selected carries out selfing; Each self progeny separately cultures 2 months measurement data, carries out growth rate and surveys inspection, contrasts that the fastest parental combination of growth rate as gift tilapia parent breeding kind.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103070095A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Fine breed preservation method of genetically improved farmed tilapia form selection |
| CN103070119A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Aquatic animal selective breeding method adopting group as unit |
| CN104813970A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-05 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for good breed group selection breed conservation of oreochromis mossambicus |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1393374A1 (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1988-05-07 | ЛГУ им.А.А.Жданова | Method of growing mozambique tylan |
| CN1926971A (en) * | 2005-09-05 | 2007-03-14 | 李思发 | Novel selecting and breeding method for gift strain of nile tilapia |
| CN101518215A (en) * | 2009-02-10 | 2009-09-02 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for cultivating cold-resistance gift tilapia |
| CN101889560A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-11-24 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for breeding gift tilapia fries with high male ratio through temperature induction |
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2011
- 2011-08-09 CN CN201110232316A patent/CN102318573A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1393374A1 (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1988-05-07 | ЛГУ им.А.А.Жданова | Method of growing mozambique tylan |
| CN1926971A (en) * | 2005-09-05 | 2007-03-14 | 李思发 | Novel selecting and breeding method for gift strain of nile tilapia |
| CN101518215A (en) * | 2009-02-10 | 2009-09-02 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for cultivating cold-resistance gift tilapia |
| CN101889560A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-11-24 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for breeding gift tilapia fries with high male ratio through temperature induction |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 卢迈新等: "罗非鱼遗传育种研究", 《上海水产大学学报》, vol. 14, no. 02, 30 June 2005 (2005-06-30), pages 186 - 191 * |
| 廖国璋: "罗非鱼杂交育种的研究进展", 《水产科技》, no. 05, 15 October 1996 (1996-10-15), pages 11 - 14 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103070095A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Fine breed preservation method of genetically improved farmed tilapia form selection |
| CN103070119A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Aquatic animal selective breeding method adopting group as unit |
| CN103070119B (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-05-14 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Aquatic animal selective breeding method adopting group as unit |
| CN104813970A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-05 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for good breed group selection breed conservation of oreochromis mossambicus |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |