CN102313404A - Condenser with liquid separation type spiral tube structure - Google Patents
Condenser with liquid separation type spiral tube structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102313404A CN102313404A CN201110259213A CN201110259213A CN102313404A CN 102313404 A CN102313404 A CN 102313404A CN 201110259213 A CN201110259213 A CN 201110259213A CN 201110259213 A CN201110259213 A CN 201110259213A CN 102313404 A CN102313404 A CN 102313404A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a condenser with a liquid separation type spiral tube structure, which belongs to the technical fields of heat exchange and heat transfer. A spiral heat exchange tube is fixed in a shell of the condenser with the liquid separation type spiral tube structure; a liquid guiding tube is distributed on the outer circumference of the spiral heat exchange tube; the upper end of the spiral heat exchange tube is a condensing working substance inlet tube; the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube is a condensing working substance outlet tube; the upper end of the outer circumference of the shell is a cooling water outlet; and the lower end of the outer circumference of the shell is a cooling water inlet. In a condensing process, a thick liquid film distributed on the side wall surface of the spiral outer circumference is derived in a non-dynamical way by utilizing the combined action of surface tension, capillary force and centrifugal force; a thin liquid film is promoted to transfer heat in a condensation phase change process; and the heat resistance of a condensed liquid film on the side of the outer circumference of a spiral tube is decreased, thereby obviously improving the heat exchange performance on the side of a condensation phase change tube. By using the condenser with the liquid separation type efficient spiral tube, a condensate liquid is separated mainly by means of the centrifugal force and the capillary force without being influenced by gravity, and the condensation heat exchange coefficient can be obviously improved both in a ground environment or a microgravity environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat exchange and heat transfer technology field, particularly a kind of condenser of separatory spiral tube structure.
Background technology
Discharge a large amount of low grade residual heats (like fume afterheat, steam waste heat etc.) in the industrial process and remain to be utilized, its heat mainly comprises sensible heat and latent heat two parts.With the fire coal boiler fume is example, and wherein the steam volume share is about 8%, carry the latent heat heat and account for about 30% of waste heat total amount, and the steam volume share carries the latent heat heat and accounts for about 65% of waste heat total amount up to 18% in combustion gas and the oil burning boiler flue gas; It is thus clear that utilize the latent heat in the condensing heat-exchange technology for recovery waste heat, can increase substantially the heat energy recycle rate.
Simultaneously, the helix tube type heat exchanger is compared with general straight tube shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and it is big to have a heat transfer coefficient, compact conformation; Be easy to clean, advantage such as dirtiness resistance is little is though cost is higher than the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of same heat transfer area; Because heat transfer coefficient is big, maintenance easily, spiral heat exchange tube is the serpentine coil shape simultaneously; Have spring action, the destruction leakage that does not have thermal stress to cause is so be widely used.Spiral tube exchanger is compared with straight pipe heat exchanger has higher heat exchange efficiency; Its basic reason is that fluid produces centrifugal force when in bend pipe, flowing; Produce Secondary Flow on the perpendicular flow direction in this centrifugal force causes managing, thereby the disturbance of enhance fluid realizes enhanced heat exchange; Compare with common side bend, the spiral lift structure (pitch) of helix tube makes fluid on flow direction, receive twisting action, and this twisting action also can flow and heat exchange in appreciable impact; In addition, mixed convection also can influence the heat transfer characteristic of helix tube in the pipe that causes of buoyancy lift; In a word; Because helix tube has the spiral lift structure; Make and the mobile acting in conjunction that receives centrifugal force, twisting resistance and buoyancy lift that helix tube is interior cause boundary layer development, section temperature distribution, laminar flow in the helix tube different with conventional straight tube to characteristics such as turbulent flow conversion, the coefficient of heat transfer and frictional resistance.
And when the condensation phase transition process takes place, have the stream-liquid two-phase flow body in its pipe in helix tube.Because the difference of its density, volume, the centrifugal force that causes receiving separately, twisting resistance and floating life power different; Make gas near the internal face district, condensate liquid causes condensate film in uneven thickness on the circumferential section direction near the outside wall surface district, and cross section two phase flow type shows significant asymmetry.The stream-liquid two-phase flow flow velocity difference that exists owing to the spiral lift structure increases simultaneously; Shearing force between the two-phase section increases; Impel the nearly inwall district in helical duct, vapour bullet space in the condensation flow pattern slug flow to elongate, and retain long liquid bridge district in the spiral outer circumferential sides.Characteristics on these helix tube phase flow-changeables make the heat transfer property of local wall have the uniqueness of itself; To the investigation of its flow pattern and local heat transfer property and based on the design of High Efficiency spiral tube exchanger that rationally is regulated to of these characteristics new approaches are provided, have had far-reaching learning value for the phase-change heat transfer ambit simultaneously.
The research of enforcing condensation heat exchange at present both at home and abroad is primarily aimed at the research of the straight tube of smooth straight or inner fin, inside spin, inner groovy, and for the reinforcement research of spiral in-tube condensation phase-change heat transfer report as yet.The present invention is promptly receiving the mobile asymmetry that shows under centrifugal force, twisting resistance and the buoyancy lift acting in conjunction to stream-liquid two-phase flow in the spiral heat exchange tube in the helix tube condenser; Be utilized in the spiral heat exchange tube outer circumferential sides fine catheter is set; With the timely diversion of thick liquid film that is distributed in excircle wall place; Thereby in the time of the flow pattern symmetry of adjustment cross section, form thin liquid film and conduct heat, reach the purpose that improves helix tube condenser heat exchange efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of condenser of separatory spiral tube structure; It is characterized in that; Fixing spiral heat exchange tube in the housing of the condenser of separatory spiral tube structure; The catheter that distributes on the spiral heat exchange tube excircle, the spiral heat exchange tube upper end is condensation working medium inlet tube, the lower end is a condensation sender property outlet pipe; Housing excircle upper end is a coolant outlet, and the lower end is a cooling water inlet.
Distribute on the said spiral heat exchange tube excircle and housing axis catheter in the same way, have three kinds of versions, one of which is that catheter passes through microcapillary and links to each other with every circle of spiral heat exchange tube, not with housing in side contacts; It is two for a fixing cross section on a demifacet of helix tube excircle is the fluid collection chamber of semi-round ring shape, and said microcapillary perpendicular to the housing axis does not directly link to each other with helix tube excircle wall, but links with the fluid collection chamber of semi-round ring shape; 3 wall macropores of processing in the semicircle scope of helix tube excircle wall, silk screen is coated on the surface of 3 wall macropores, and silk screen mainly plays the separatory effect at this; It is three for a fixing cross section on a demifacet of helix tube excircle is the fluid collection chamber of semi-round ring shape, and said microcapillary perpendicular to the housing axis does not directly link to each other with helix tube excircle wall, but links with the fluid collection chamber of semi-round ring shape; 3-7 wall micropore of processing plays the separatory effect at this micropore in the semicircle scope of helix tube excircle wall.
The distribution catheter is equidistant or non-equidistantly distributing on the said spiral heat exchange tube excircle; At least more than two.
The equivalent aperture of the equivalent diameter of said microcapillary, the silk screen aperture of playing main separatory effect and wall micropore all representes with d, its
Wherein: σ is the condensate liquid surface tension, and g is an acceleration of gravity, ρ
fBe condensate liquid density, ρ
gBe vapour phase density.
Said spiral heat exchange tube material is carbon steel, copper and copper alloy, stainless steel or nickel and nickel alloy material.
Said spiral heat exchange tube adopts the smooth outer surface pipe or adopts outer surface that radially low finned tube coiling heat exchanger tube is arranged.
Said case material adopts cast iron, bronze carbon steel or stainless steel manufacturing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) is utilized in the spiral heat exchange tube outer circumferential sides liquid separation structure and catheter is set; Under the effect of centrifugal force, twisting resistance and capillary force, make condensate liquid from the helix tube outer circumferential sides in time by isolated at suction; Thereby the degree of asymmetry of gas-liquid two-phase on cross-wise direction in the adjustment spiral heat exchange tube; The thick liquid film of attenuate helix tube outer circumferential sides makes it to change into the thin liquid film heat transfer of efficient heat transfer; The particularity that this separatory spiral cooler structure flows based on two phase flow in the helix tube; Utilize the thick liquid film of the fine catheter attenuate helix tube outer circumferential sides of outer circumferential sides, subdue the mobile asymmetry of the vapour-liquid that causes owing to centrifugal force, twisting resistance; Fundamentally strengthened the heat exchange property of spiral cold-finger.Fundamentally improve the efficient of condensation phase-change heat transfer.(2) utilizing capillary force or surface tension of liquid tapping among the present invention is the non-active process that need not to consume energy; Its effect does not receive gravity effect; Promptly do not receive the restriction at spiral heat exchange tube inclination angle; Thereby this structure not only can be applicable to common condensation heat transfer and has the occasion of steam condensation, also can be extended to the condensation heat transfer under the microgravity condition.Make it under the situation that does not increase resistance, significantly improve the heat transfer efficiency of condensation phase-change heat-exchange pipeline.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a liquid division type helix tube condenser structure sketch map.
Fig. 2 is a helix tube silk screen liquid separation structure generalized section.
Fig. 3 is a helix tube wall porous liquid separation structure generalized section.
Label among the figure: (1) housing, (2) spiral heat exchange tube, (3) catheter, (4) condensation working medium inlet tube; (5) condensation sender property outlet pipe, (6) cooling water inlet pipe, (7) cooling water outlet pipe, (8) microcapillary; (9) fluid collection chamber, (10) silk screen, (11) wall macropore, (12) wall micropore.
The specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of condenser of separatory spiral tube structure.The present invention will be described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Shown in Figure 1 is liquid division type helix tube condenser structure sketch map.Among the figure, fixing spiral heat exchange tube 2 in the housing 1 of the condenser of separatory spiral tube structure, distribution catheter 3 on the spiral heat exchange tube excircle, the spiral heat exchange tube upper end is condensation working medium inlet tube 4, the lower end is a condensation sender property outlet pipe 5; Housing excircle upper end is a coolant outlet 7, and the lower end is a cooling water inlet 6.Spiral heat exchange tube 2 adopts welding manner to be connected with condensation sender property outlet pipe 5 with condensation working medium inlet tube 4.Condensation working medium inlet tube 4, condensation sender property outlet pipe 5, coolant outlet 7 and cooling water inlet 6 can adopt welding method or frame for movement to be connected and sealed.
Equidistant or the non-catheter 3 that is equidistantly distributing more than at least two on said spiral heat exchange tube 2 excircles; Every catheter 3 and housing 1 axis in the same way, and by many every circle UNICOMs perpendicular to the microcapillary 8 of housing 1 axis and spiral heat exchange tube 2, but catheter 3 not with housing 1 interior side contacts; Be used to separate the condensate liquid of helix tube outer circumferential sides; Isolated condensate liquid is compiled the also end of teletransmission to helix tube 2.
Said microcapillary 8 perpendicular to the housing axis; Because its UNICOM has the helix tube wall that two phase flow flows, microcapillary 8 mainly act as separating and condensing liquid, so the yardstick that its characteristic dimension need play a major role smaller or equal to surface tension of liquid; The equivalent diameter that is microcapillary 8 is d
Wherein: σ is the condensate liquid surface tension, and g is an acceleration of gravity, ρ
fBe condensate liquid density, ρ
gBe vapour phase density.
Said spiral heat exchange tube material is carbon steel, copper and copper alloy, stainless steel or nickel and nickel alloy material.Spiral heat exchange tube adopts the pipe of smooth outer surface or adopts outer surface that radially low finned tube coiling heat exchanger tube is arranged.
Said case material adopts cast iron, bronze carbon steel or stainless steel manufacturing.
Fig. 2 is a helix tube silk screen liquid separation structure generalized section; As shown in the figure, be the fluid collection chamber 9 of semi-round ring shape in the fixing cross section of a demifacet of helix tube 2 excircles, its microcapillary 8 perpendicular to the housing axis does not directly link to each other with helix tube 2 excircle walls, but links with the fluid collection chamber 9 of semi-round ring shape; 3 wall macropores 11 of processing in the semicircle scope of helix tube 2 excircle walls; Silk screen 10 is coated on the surface of 3 wall macropores 11; Silk screen 10 mainly plays the separatory effect at this; The yardstick that its feature holes size need play a major role smaller or equal to surface tension of liquid, promptly the equivalent diameter d in silk screen hole need satisfy
Wherein: σ is the condensate liquid surface tension, and g is an acceleration of gravity, ρ
fBe condensate liquid density, ρ
gBe vapour phase density.
Fig. 3 is a helix tube wall porous liquid separation structure generalized section; Its microcapillary 8 perpendicular to the housing axis as shown in the figure does not directly link to each other with helix tube excircle wall, but with a cross section be that the fluid collection chamber 9 of semi-round ring shape links; In the semicircle scope of helix tube excircle wall, directly process wall micropore 12, when condensate liquid accumulates in helix tube excircle wall, utilize wall micropore 12 that liquid is separated in the fluid collection chamber 9 under surface tension.The yardstick that the characteristic dimension need of its wall micropore 12 play a major role smaller or equal to surface tension of liquid, the aperture of wall micropore 12 is d,
Wherein: σ is the condensate liquid surface tension, and g is an acceleration of gravity, ρ
fBe condensate liquid density, ρ
gBe vapour phase density.
Because the yardstick that the characteristic dimension of microcapillary and catheter plays a major role smaller or equal to surface tension of liquid; When liquid-vapor mixture flows in spiral heat exchange tube; Because the effect condensate liquid of centrifugal force and twisting resistance accumulates in the outer circumferential sides of helix tube; Form thick liquid film or long liquid bridge, and the condensate liquid that these gather preferentially gets into capillary and catheter under the surface tension of liquid effect; Thereby in time derive condensate liquid, make it to change into the cross section degree of asymmetry of adjusting two phase flow in the helix tube when thin liquid film conducts heat.Reach the regulation and control flow pattern and guarantee efficient thin liquid film heat exchange, significantly improve the heat transfer coefficient of helix tube condensation process along whole pipe range direction.
The present invention is applicable to any occasion that needs the steam condensation.The present invention adopts capillary structure to realize the separation of thick liquid film place condensate liquid in the spiral condensing heat-exchanging pipe; Subdued the degree of asymmetry that cross section two distributes mutually; Attenuate near the thickness of the condensate film excircle wall; Reach the whole pipe range of whole circumference and be thin liquid film heat transfer efficiently, it does not receive gravity effect, under ground and microgravity environment, all can significantly improve condensation coefficient.
Embodiment 1:
To the condensed water heat transfer process, the common smooth copper of φ 10mm * 1mm of selecting long 2600mm for use is around being that 80mm, pitch are the spiral tedge of 15mm to becoming diameter; The stainless steel tube of φ 180mm * 5mm of selecting long 220mm for use is as housing; At two ends welding at the whole story of helix tube and the condensate liquid turnover pipe of spiral copper pipe with diameter, and feasible pipe and the housing shaft line parallel imported and exported.Outer circumferential sides at helix tube is the micropore of 1mm from four direction in each circle helix tube processing aperture; Utilize the smooth copper of φ 3mm * 1mm to weld with it perpendicular to the housing axis direction; And utilize one to be parallel to the copper pipe UNICOM of housing axis φ 4mm * 1mm the microcapillary that welds on each direction of helix tube excircle wall, and extend to the helix tube end and link to each other with condensate outlet.At last in the hole of side processing φ 20mm, and with the stainless steel tube welding of φ 22mm * 1mm as the cooling water outlet and inlet pipe, with the top and the bottom end seal of housing, obtain directly to connect the liquid division type spiral cooler of microtubule at wall.
Its wall connects microtubule and plays its aperture of main separatory d=1mm, and its deterministic process does, condensation working medium is water, when an atmospheric pressure and temperature are 50 ℃, and σ=0.06794N/m, g=9.8m/s
2, ρ
f=987.99kg/m
3, ρ
g=0.0831kg/m
3,
Approximate 4.8mm, and 1mm＜4.8mm, thereby aperture d satisfies
So through micropore the aqueous water in the condensation phase transition process is got in the catheter 3, and in time be directed at the spiral heat exchange tube end, the liquid that makes spiral heat exchange tube excircle wall place assemble is dredged, thereby improves the efficient of phase-change heat transfer.
The above; Be merely the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (7)
1. the condenser of a separatory spiral tube structure; It is characterized in that, fixing spiral heat exchange tube in the housing of the condenser of separatory spiral tube structure, catheter distributes on the spiral heat exchange tube excircle; The spiral heat exchange tube upper end is condensation working medium inlet tube, and the lower end is a condensation sender property outlet pipe; Housing excircle upper end is a coolant outlet, and the lower end is a cooling water inlet.
2. according to the condenser of the said separatory spiral tube structure of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Distribution catheter and housing axis are in the same way on the said spiral heat exchange tube excircle; The separatory spiral tube structure has three kinds of versions: one of which is that catheter passes through microcapillary and links to each other with every circle of spiral heat exchange tube, not with housing in side contacts; It is two for a fixing cross section on a demifacet of helix tube excircle is the fluid collection chamber of semi-round ring shape, and said microcapillary perpendicular to the housing axis does not directly link to each other with helix tube excircle wall, but links with the fluid collection chamber of semi-round ring shape; 3 wall macropores of processing in the semicircle scope of helix tube excircle wall, silk screen is coated on the surface of 3 wall macropores, and silk screen mainly plays the separatory effect at this; It is three for a fixing cross section on a demifacet of helix tube excircle is the fluid collection chamber of semi-round ring shape, and said microcapillary perpendicular to the housing axis does not directly link to each other with helix tube excircle wall, but links with the fluid collection chamber of semi-round ring shape; 3-7 wall micropore of processing in the semicircle scope of helix tube excircle wall.
3. according to the condenser of the said separatory spiral tube structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that the distribution catheter is equidistant or non-equidistantly distributing on the said spiral heat exchange tube excircle; At least more than two.
4. according to the condenser of the said separatory spiral tube structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that the equivalent aperture of the equivalent diameter of said microcapillary, the silk screen hole of playing main separatory effect and wall micropore all representes with d, its
Wherein: σ is the condensate liquid surface tension, and g is an acceleration of gravity, ρ
fBe condensate liquid density, ρ
gBe vapour phase density.
5. according to the condenser of the said separatory spiral tube structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that said spiral heat exchange tube material is carbon steel, copper and copper alloy, stainless steel or nickel and nickel alloy material.
6. according to the condenser of the said separatory spiral tube structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that said spiral heat exchange tube adopts the pipe of smooth outer surface or adopts outer surface that radially low finned tube coiling heat exchanger tube is arranged.
7. according to the condenser of the said separatory spiral tube structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that said case material adopts cast iron, bronze carbon steel or stainless steel manufacturing.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102809304A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-12-05 | 上海理工大学 | Glass cooling condenser |
| CN103968686A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-08-06 | 张家港市科华化工装备制造有限公司 | Efficient anti-plugging heat exchanger |
| CN104792580A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-22 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Liquid membrane heat exchange absorption tube |
| CN105700007A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-06-22 | 江苏省核与辐射安全监督管理局 | Radioactive water sample evaporation and concentration device and method |
| CN107328147A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-07 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of tube-in-tube condenser |
| CN107388639A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-24 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of casing pipe type condensation evaporator |
| CN108168155A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-15 | 合肥华凌股份有限公司 | Refrigeration equipment condenser, refrigeration system and refrigeration equipment |
| CN108645245A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-12 | 广州航海学院 | A kind of heat exchanger |
| CN108658157A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-16 | 广州航海学院 | A kind of seawater desalination system |
| CN109297345A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 刘勇 | Fin heat exchange pipe |
| CN112273990A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Heat exchange assembly and cooking utensil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102809304A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-12-05 | 上海理工大学 | Glass cooling condenser |
| CN103968686A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-08-06 | 张家港市科华化工装备制造有限公司 | Efficient anti-plugging heat exchanger |
| CN104792580A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-22 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Liquid membrane heat exchange absorption tube |
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| CN109297345A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 刘勇 | Fin heat exchange pipe |
| CN107388639A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-24 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of casing pipe type condensation evaporator |
| CN107328147A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-07 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of tube-in-tube condenser |
| CN108168155A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-15 | 合肥华凌股份有限公司 | Refrigeration equipment condenser, refrigeration system and refrigeration equipment |
| CN108168155B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2021-03-19 | 合肥华凌股份有限公司 | Condenser for refrigeration equipment, refrigeration system and refrigeration equipment |
| CN108645245A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-12 | 广州航海学院 | A kind of heat exchanger |
| CN108658157A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-16 | 广州航海学院 | A kind of seawater desalination system |
| CN112273990A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Heat exchange assembly and cooking utensil |
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