CN102297414B - Steam vent head - Google Patents
Steam vent head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102297414B CN102297414B CN201110174076.2A CN201110174076A CN102297414B CN 102297414 B CN102297414 B CN 102297414B CN 201110174076 A CN201110174076 A CN 201110174076A CN 102297414 B CN102297414 B CN 102297414B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- steam vent
- vent head
- baffle plate
- outlet
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
- F22B37/30—Steam-separating arrangements using impingement against baffle separators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
- B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Irons (AREA)
- Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
- Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a steam vent head for a steam system. A steam vent head comprises a chamber and has an outlet, a steam inlet pipe with a steam outlet that opens into the chamber and a baffle within the chamber and above the steam outlet, in use the steam outlet discharging steam into the chamber which impinges on the baffle to separate entrained liquid water from the steam, there being drainage passageways between the chamber and the steam inlet pipe so that in use liquid water collected in the chamber is returned to the steam inlet pipe by the drainage passageways.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steam vent head for vapour system.
Background technology
In the industry and heating process of using steam, the steam producing in boiler with high-temperature high-pressure state by Pipe transfer to various industrial technology occasions, thereby the energy in applying steam.
Some vapour system parts, as blowdown vessel, has open-ended steam permeability cell, for steam is let out to atmosphere.Way is steam vent head to be installed on steam permeability cell with assurance, steam is disposed in atmosphere safely with lower speed at present.
The shell of existing steam vent head has baffle plate, and described baffle arrangement is to stop the steam that enters described shell.Described baffle plate is separated from steam by the moisture content carrying in steam.Then dry steam is released into atmosphere by the outlet in described shell, and isolated water enters drainpipe, thereby drains from vapour system.
Although this steam vent head is suitable for some application scenarios, also there are some shortcomings.For example, the whole moisture content can not separate vapour carrying.And the essential pipeline that adopts of steam vent head connects, and installs very consuming time.
Therefore be necessary to provide a kind of improved steam vent head, can improve the separative efficiency of water from steam part, or reduce installation difficulty, or improve this 2 point simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Describe according to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of steam vent head for vapour system, comprising: define steam vent head chamber and and there is the cap body of steam vent head outlet; The steam inlet conduit (steam inlet pipe) with the steam (vapor) outlet opening in steam vent head chamber; And baffle plate steam (vapor) outlet above indoor at steam vent head; And between steam vent head chamber and steam steam inlet pipe, provide leakage path that fluid is communicated with wherein in use, steam (vapor) outlet enters steam vent head chamber by discharge of steam, steam impinges upon on baffle plate, the liquid water carrying in steam is thus separated, liquid water is collected in steam vent head chamber, and is back to steam inlet conduit through leakage path.
It is indoor that steam inlet conduit may extend into steam vent head.Leakage path can be included in the perforate that steam steam inlet pipe extends into part in steam vent head chamber.Can have many leakage paths, every has one at steam steam inlet pipe, to extend into the perforate in part in steam vent head chamber.
Described cap body can comprise a bottom shell wall, the bottom shell wall tilting towards leakage path import.
Described steam steam inlet pipe can comprise an external part, for described steam steam inlet pipe is attached to open-ended steam permeability cell.The position of described steam (vapor) outlet can make steam with approximately perpendicular direction, discharge in use.
Described baffle plate in use can level of approximation position.It is plane that described baffle plate can be similar to.It is circular that described baffle plate can be similar to.
Described housing can comprise top shell wall, and described steam vent head outlet is arranged in the shell wall of top.
Described steam vent head outlet can be positioned at described baffle plate top.Described baffle plate can be arranged in the vapor flow path between described steam (vapor) outlet and the outlet of described steam vent head.When seeing from top, described baffle plate may extend into outside described steam (vapor) outlet.
Described baffle plate can comprise impingement region, and during use, steam impinges upon on described impingement region, and is arranged on the projection between described impingement region and the edge of described baffle plate.The radius of curvature that described projection has can in use make steam flow to described steam vent head outlet around described projection, and water droplet is disposed to described steam vent head chamber from described projection.The radius of curvature of described projection can be approximately 4 between 7mm.The radius of curvature of described projection can be about 5mm.The embowment that can make progress in leaving the direction of described impingement region of described projection, and finish at the edge of described baffle plate.When seeing from top, described projection can be positioned at the position outside described steam (vapor) outlet.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a vapour system, comprise steam permeability cell, described steam permeability cell has the steam vent head that meets any description of this paper.
The present invention can comprise any combination of function as referred to herein and/or limitation, the except combinations of mutually exclusive function.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Description only illustrates embodiment of the present invention in the mode of embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the perspective view of the first embodiment of steam vent head;
Fig. 2 schematically shows the steam vent head of Fig. 1 with cutting plane;
Fig. 3 schematically shows the cross sectional view of the steam vent head of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 schematically shows two views of baffle plate of the steam vent head of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 schematically shows the zoomed-in view of baffle plate of the steam vent head of Fig. 1; And
Fig. 6 schematically shows the cross sectional view of the second embodiment of steam vent head.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, steam vent head 10 comprises the cap body 12 that is provided with steam vent head outlet 14, and steam inlet pipe (or conduit) 16.Steam inlet pipe 16 is provided with flange 18, steam vent head 10 can be connected to open-ended steam permeability cell, described steam permeability cell by steam conducting to be discharged to atmosphere.
Referring to Fig. 2 and 3, the cap body 12 of steam vent head 10 comprises top shell wall 20, bottom shell wall 22, and annular sidewall 24, so cap body 12 is near cylindrical.Cap body 12 comprises the first top 12a and the second bottom 12b.A part for top shell wall 20 and annular sidewall 24 forms the first top 12a.A part that comprises bottom shell wall 22 and annular sidewall 24 forms the second bottom 12b.Top and the bottom 12a, 12b are assembled together and form cap body 12.Cap body 12 limits steam vent head chamber 26, and steam vent head chamber 26 is in the inside of cap body 12.
Steam pipe opening 28 is located in the bottom shell wall 22 of cap body 12 bottom 12b and the axle collar 30 extends vertically from opening 28 places.Steam pipe opening 28 and the axle collar 30 are coaxial with approximate cylindrical cap body 12.Steam inlet pipe 16 is arranged in opening 28 so that the axle collar 30 around and contact with the outer surface of steam inlet pipe 16.The edge that steam inlet pipe 16 is provided with annular shoulder 29 and the axle collar 30 against.The top of steam inlet pipe 16 extend in steam vent head chamber 26 and the openend of described upper part forms steam (vapor) outlet 15.The bottom of steam inlet pipe 16 extends to the outside of cap body 12 and the openend of described bottom forms steam inlet 17.The end of the bottom of steam inlet pipe 16 is provided with flange 18, and flange 18 can make steam vent head 10 be coupled to the end (not shown) of steam outlet pipe.
Steam inlet pipe 16 is provided with four and runs through inlet tube 16 tube wall escape orifices 32.In the same horizontal line, and escape orifice is to be similar to 90 ° of intervals circumferentially each other for the bottom shell wall 22 of escape orifice 32 and cap body 12.The bottom shell wall 22 of cap body 12 radially slopes inwardly downwards towards steam inlet pipe 16 and escape orifice 32.Escape orifice 32 provides leakage path between steam vent head chamber 26 and steam inlet pipe 16.
Steam vent head outlet 14 is arranged in the top shell wall 20 of top 12a of cap body 12 and is coaxial with approximate circle cap body 12.Therefore, steam vent head outlet 14 is above steam inlet pipe outlet 15.
Baffle plate 34 is arranged in steam vent head chamber 26 and is positioned at the top of steam (vapor) outlet 15 and the below of steam vent head outlet 14.Therefore, baffle plate 34 is arranged between steam (vapor) outlet 15 and steam vent head outlet 14.In this embodiment, baffle plate 34 is almost plane, and in use in approximately horizontal plane.Baffle plate 34 is sub-circular and coaxial with cylindrical cap body 12.The diameter of circular baffle plate 34 is greater than the diameter of steam (vapor) outlet 15, and therefore, when seeing from top, the edge of baffle plate 34 extends to outside steam (vapor) outlet 15.In this embodiment, the diameter of circular baffle plate 34 is approximately identical with the diameter of steam vent head outlet 14.
As shown in Figure 4, baffle plate 34 comprises center impingement region 35 and the projection 40 of the embowment that makes progress.Projection 40 is between impingement region 35 and the edge of baffle plate 34.In this embodiment, projection 40 is upwards ring edges of embowment of baffle plate 34.The radius of curvature of projection 40 is about 5mm in this embodiment.Yet in other embodiments, described radius of curvature can be between 4 to 7mm.Below the object of projection 40 will be introduced.
Baffle plate 34 is provided with three support members 36, and this support member is fixed on the edge of baffle plate 34 and each other with 120 ° of intervals circumferentially.Support member 36 in axial direction extends and each support member 36 comprises radially outside outstanding antelabium 38 of an end from support member 36.Support member 36 is for connecting baffle plate 34 and being supported on cap body 12.As shown in Fig. 2 and 3, the antelabium 38 of support member 36 exports 14 edge join and leans against on the top shell wall 20 of cap body 12 with steam vent head, thus at cap body 12 upper support baffle plates 34.
During use, steam vent head 10 is attached to the openend (not shown) of steam permeability cell by flange 18.The steam permeability cell that described steam permeability cell can be vapour system arbitrary portion, steam discharges from steam permeability cell, or passes to atmosphere.Application example includes but not limited to the steam permeability cell of blowdown vessel, and hot well cabinet is supplied with cabinet or pressure-driven pump.
Steam is introduced steam vent head 10 by the steam inlet 17 of steam inlet pipe 16.Then steam discharges and enters steam vent head chamber 26 with approximately perpendicular direction from the steam (vapor) outlet 15 of steam inlet pipe 16.
As shown in Figure 5, the steam that steam (vapor) outlet 15 is discharged impinges upon on the impingement region 35 of horizontal baffle 34, and baffle plate 34 is directly positioned at the top of steam (vapor) outlet 15.When steam impinges upon on baffle plate 34, be carried at water droplet in steam because surface tension is attached on the surface of baffle plate and therefore separated from vapor stream.Due to the Pressure Drop between steam vent head chamber 26 and atmosphere, the surface that steam flows and therefore radially outwards flows and cross baffle plate 34 to steam vent head outlet 14.Steam flows on baffle plate 34 surfaces, and the water droplet that is attached to baffle plate 34 surfaces under surface tension effects is radially pulled to the edge of baffle plate 34 on the surface of baffle plate 34.
When steam arrives the projection 40 of baffle plate 34, steam is attracted to the projection 40 of baffle plate 34 and therefore around projection 40, flows and exported and left steam vent head 10 by steam vent head.Steam reaches in Koln under the effect of effect and flows around projection 40.Yet the water droplet that is attached to baffle plate 34 surfaces is too heavy and cannot cross projection 40 under vapor action, is therefore discharged at projection 40 places.Because projection 40 is positioned at the outside of steam (vapor) outlet 15, these water droplets concentrate on the bottom of steam vent head chamber 26.By baffle plate 34 isolated water from steam, along the downward-sloping bottom shell wall 22 of cap body 12, radially inwardly flowed to steam inlet pipe 16.The escape orifice (leakage path) 32 that then isolated water flow through in steam inlet pipe 16 enters the inside of managing 16.Then water flow downward and be back to vapour system along the inwall of steam inlet pipe 16.
Steam vent head 10 makes the steam can be safely discharged to atmosphere.This is the speed of the steam because baffle plate 34 has slowed down, and the major part that steam carries water is by baffle plate separation from steam.What this caused discharging from steam vent head outlet is almost dry saturated steam.
Isolated liquid water in steam is back to vapour system many benefits are provided.The processing chemical substance that the water using in vapour system contains various help improved system performances.If water loses from system, must supplement these water with fresh water, and supplementary fresh water must be used these chemical substance treatment.Therefore, reduced from the discharge reduction of vapour system loss the amount of adding the fresh water treatment chemical substance of system to.This escapable cost.And, from the water of vapour system loss, contain available heat, therefore with baffle plate, isolated liquid water in steam is returned to the energy efficiency of the system of having improved.
Further benefit is because isolated water is back to vapour system downwards along steam inlet pipe 16, so no longer need to connect externally drained pipeline on steam vent head 10.This has reduced the quantity of pipeline and joint, thus minimizing expense and set-up time.
Compare traditional baffle plate, the projection 40 of baffle plate 34 can extract (or separated) more liquid water from steam.This is steam is attracted to and flows around projection 40 because Koln reaches effect at least in part, and forces water droplet to be discharged into steam vent head chamber 26.Projection 40 is selected specific radius of curvature, make the steam that flows through baffle plate 34 be attracted to projection 40 and flow around projection 40, and water droplet is discharged simultaneously from projection 40.
Figure 6 shows that second embodiment of steam vent head 10.This embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, except the top thickness increase of steam inlet pipe 16.In addition, the bottom of steam inlet pipe 16 is not equipped with flange, therefore can receive on steam permeability cell by other modes.
Claims (21)
1. for the steam vent head of vapour system, comprising:
Form steam vent head chamber and there is the cap body that steam vent head exports;
Steam steam inlet pipe at steam vent head chamber split shed row steam;
Be arranged on the indoor and baffle plate above steam (vapor) outlet of steam vent head; And
The leakage path that provides fluid to be communicated with between steam vent head chamber and steam steam inlet pipe;
Wherein, in use, steam (vapor) outlet enters steam vent head chamber by discharge of steam, and steam impinges upon on baffle plate, thus the liquid water carrying in steam is isolated, and liquid water is collected in steam vent head chamber and through leakage path and is back to steam steam inlet pipe.
2. steam vent head according to claim 1, wherein, steam steam inlet pipe extends in steam vent head chamber.
3. steam vent head according to claim 2, wherein, described leakage path comprises that being located at steam steam inlet pipe extends into the perforate in the part in steam vent head chamber.
4. steam vent head according to claim 3, wherein, has a plurality of leakage paths, and each comprises a perforate being located in the part that steam steam inlet pipe extends into steam vent head chamber.
5. steam vent head according to claim 1, wherein, described cap body comprises towards the downward-sloping bottom shell wall of the import of leakage path.
6. steam vent head according to claim 1, wherein, described steam steam inlet pipe comprises a coupling part, described steam steam inlet pipe can be connected to and have open-ended steam permeability cell.
7. steam vent head according to claim 1, wherein, the layout of described steam (vapor) outlet is discharged steam in use with approximately perpendicular direction.
8. steam vent head according to claim 1, wherein, described baffle plate is level of approximation in use.
9. steam vent head according to claim 1, wherein, described baffle plate is almost plane.
10. steam vent head according to claim 1, wherein, described baffle plate is sub-circular.
11. steam vent heads according to claim 1, wherein said cap body comprises top shell wall, described steam vent head outlet is arranged in the shell wall of described top.
12. steam vent heads according to claim 1, wherein, described steam vent head outlet is positioned at described baffle plate top.
13. steam vent heads according to claim 1, wherein, described baffle plate is arranged in the vapor flow path between described steam (vapor) outlet and the outlet of described steam vent head.
14. steam vent heads according to claim 1, wherein, when seeing from top, described baffle plate extends to outside described steam (vapor) outlet.
15. steam vent heads according to claim 1, wherein, described baffle plate comprises impingement region, during use, steam impinges upon on described impingement region; And projection is arranged between described impingement region and the edge of described baffle plate.
16. steam vent heads according to claim 15, wherein, the radius of curvature that described projection has in use makes steam flow to described steam vent head outlet around described projection, and water droplet is disposed to described steam vent head chamber from described projection.
17. steam vent heads according to claim 16, the radius of curvature of wherein said projection approximately 4 between 7mm.
18. steam vent heads according to claim 17, the radius of curvature of wherein said projection is about 5mm.
19. steam vent heads according to claim 15, wherein said projection is upwards embowment in leaving the direction of described impingement region, and finishes at the described edge of described baffle plate.
20. steam vent heads according to claim 15, wherein, when seeing from top, described projection is positioned at the position outside described steam (vapor) outlet.
21. 1 kinds of vapour systems, comprise a kind of steam permeability cell, and its steam vent head is as aforementioned any claim.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1010720.9 | 2010-06-25 | ||
| GB1010720.9A GB2481446B (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2010-06-25 | Vent head with drain returning liquid to inlet |
| GBGB1010720.9 | 2010-06-25 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110271926.0A Division CN102434871B (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2011-06-24 | Vent head |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102297414A CN102297414A (en) | 2011-12-28 |
| CN102297414B true CN102297414B (en) | 2014-07-16 |
Family
ID=42582994
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110271926.0A Active CN102434871B (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2011-06-24 | Vent head |
| CN201110174076.2A Active CN102297414B (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2011-06-24 | Steam vent head |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110271926.0A Active CN102434871B (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2011-06-24 | Vent head |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN102434871B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011077928B4 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2481446B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2481446B (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2017-11-29 | Spirax-Sarco Ltd | Vent head with drain returning liquid to inlet |
| CN102927554A (en) * | 2011-08-07 | 2013-02-13 | 斯普瑞斯-萨克有限公司 | Evacuation cap |
| CN106110771A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-11-16 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Device for deposit liquid from gas |
| FR3043566B1 (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-12-29 | Dcns | SYSTEM FOR PURIFYING A FLUID, STEAM GENERATOR AND ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION PLANT |
| US10550999B2 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2020-02-04 | Strahman Valves, Inc. | Direct diffuse vapor separator—steam trap system |
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| US4072170A (en) * | 1975-06-03 | 1978-02-07 | Bertin & Cie | Pressure-relieving device for steam generators and the like |
| GB1520631A (en) * | 1975-08-07 | 1978-08-09 | Curwen & Newberry Ltd | Steam pressure exhaust heads |
| US5901867A (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1999-05-11 | Roberts Polypro, Inc. | Ventable cap |
| CN2529042Y (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-01-01 | 陈新贤 | Evacuation pipe |
| JP2004347231A (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Takuma Co Ltd | Steam separator |
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| CN201425296Y (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-03-17 | 何乃昌 | Novel high-efficiency muffler |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE292113C (en) | ||||
| GB189717655A (en) * | 1897-07-27 | 1898-05-28 | Reginald Haddan | Improvements in Devices for Preventing the Discharge of Sparks and Cinders from Locomotive Smoke Stacks without Deteriorating the Draught. |
| US725698A (en) | 1902-04-21 | 1903-04-21 | Robert Henry Goacher | Separator for steam-boilers. |
| US1212556A (en) | 1915-02-01 | 1917-01-16 | Delauney Belleville Sa Des Ets | Steam-generator. |
| US1354623A (en) * | 1920-02-20 | 1920-10-05 | George M Redgate | Vent-head |
| US1781568A (en) | 1928-04-12 | 1930-11-11 | Broeker Friedrich | Steam-drying or water-separating apparatus for steam-power plants |
| US2946475A (en) | 1957-03-26 | 1960-07-26 | Harold J Rockelman | Gasoline trap |
| GB1306268A (en) * | 1970-06-06 | 1973-02-07 | ||
| US5114445A (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1992-05-19 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Flare vent head |
| US7828865B2 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-11-09 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Gas-liquid separator with dual flow impaction and coalescence |
| GB2481446B (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2017-11-29 | Spirax-Sarco Ltd | Vent head with drain returning liquid to inlet |
-
2010
- 2010-06-25 GB GB1010720.9A patent/GB2481446B/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-06-21 DE DE102011077928.0A patent/DE102011077928B4/en active Active
- 2011-06-24 CN CN201110271926.0A patent/CN102434871B/en active Active
- 2011-06-24 CN CN201110174076.2A patent/CN102297414B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4072170A (en) * | 1975-06-03 | 1978-02-07 | Bertin & Cie | Pressure-relieving device for steam generators and the like |
| GB1520631A (en) * | 1975-08-07 | 1978-08-09 | Curwen & Newberry Ltd | Steam pressure exhaust heads |
| US5901867A (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1999-05-11 | Roberts Polypro, Inc. | Ventable cap |
| CN2529042Y (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-01-01 | 陈新贤 | Evacuation pipe |
| JP2004347231A (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Takuma Co Ltd | Steam separator |
| CN2905914Y (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-05-30 | 赵广地 | Steam-water separation pressure-relief device for recovery of steam liquefied water |
| CN201265918Y (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2009-07-01 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Water vapor diffusing device |
| CN201425296Y (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-03-17 | 何乃昌 | Novel high-efficiency muffler |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102011077928B4 (en) | 2021-07-29 |
| GB2481446A (en) | 2011-12-28 |
| GB2481446B (en) | 2017-11-29 |
| CN102434871B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| DE102011077928A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
| CN102297414A (en) | 2011-12-28 |
| GB201010720D0 (en) | 2010-08-11 |
| CN102434871A (en) | 2012-05-02 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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