The multistory building and the semi precast method of construction thereof of band prefabricated component
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multistory building and construction method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of multistory building and half prefabricated construction method thereof with prefabricated units.
Background technology
In the prior art, traditional construction method of multistory building is generally: 1) at first build the steel mesh reinforcement of load bearing wall and column, in the peripheral mounting template of steel mesh reinforcement, inject concrete again in template then, thereby form load bearing wall and column; 2) template and the bracing frame of installation floor and supporting beam, the reinforcing bar of laying plate and beam in this template injects concrete subsequently, thereby pours into floor and beam in template then; 3) remove the bracing frame of first floor plate down, finish the construction of last layer building by above-mentioned steps.This traditional construction method shortcoming is: building a building of step by step tray piece successively, and not only long construction period, construction cost height, and also job site noise and dust pollution are serious, and be difficult to guarantee that building has unified quality specifications.
For this reason, the multistory building that has occurred some band prefabricated units now, as the patent No. is the Chinese invention patent of ZL97125767.1, the related building of this invention has adopted prefabricated exterior wall and half prefabricated floor panels, can reduce on-the-spot construction volume and shorten construction period, and realize the standardization of building.Even if but like this, the construction volume of the washroom of each inner room, kitchen, stair etc. is still very big in the building, so its construction period still can not be satisfactory.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defective of prior art, a kind of construction period very weak point, more unified multistory building and the construction method thereof of quality specifications are provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: design a kind of multistory building with prefabricated component, comprising: precast facade, cast-in-situ wall, half precast floor slab and cast-in-situ floor; Comprise precast stair, premade bath room and prefabricated kitchen in addition; The two ends up and down of described precast stair are provided with the installing hole that is used for perfusion mortar, connect described precast stair and up and down are installed with exposed steel bar on the floor at two ends, and described exposed steel bar inserts in the corresponding installing hole and by perfusion mortar and fixes; The bottom in described premade bath room and prefabricated kitchen is preset with horizontal exposed steel bar, and the reinforcing bar in this horizontal exposed steel bar and the described cast-in-situ floor links mutually.
The two ends up and down of described precast stair are outward extended with the convergence part respectively, and the described installing hole that is used for perfusion mortar is arranged on described convergence part; Connect described precast stair and up and down be provided with the concave station of the described convergence part of support in the floor end at two ends, described exposed steel bar is fixedly arranged on the concave station top.
At least one metope unit in described premade bath room or prefabricated kitchen is half dry wall with concavo-convex alternate rough external surface, and this metope unit links with cast-in-situ wall with layer and is one.
Perhaps, at least one metope unit is full dry wall and is provided with first grouting channel that is positioned at the bottom body of wall and communicates with this first grouting channel and be arranged at the grout hole of metope in the described premade bath room, second grouting channel that is provided with on described first grouting channel and the adjacent lower floor's body of wall is docked, and is inserted with inner reinforcing bar in described first grouting channel and second grouting channel and fixes by perfusion mortar.
Perhaps, at least one metope unit is full dry wall and is provided with the 3rd grouting channel that is positioned at the bottom body of wall and communicates with the 3rd grouting channel and be arranged at the grout hole of metope in the described prefabricated kitchen, the 4th grouting channel that is provided with on described the 3rd grouting channel and the adjacent lower floor's body of wall is docked, and is inserted with inner reinforcing bar in described the 3rd grouting channel and the 4th grouting channel and fixes by perfusion mortar.
The semi precast method of construction of above-mentioned multistory building comprises the steps:
A. complete half precast floor slab, on half precast floor slab, lay reinforcing bar;
B. settle and fixedly precast facade, premade bath room and prefabricated kitchen, tie the reinforcing bar of load bearing wall and column and fix template;
C. fluid concrete is finished the making of load bearing wall and column in described template, finishes the making of floor laying fluid concrete on half precast floor slab of reinforcing bar;
D. settle and fixing precast stair, finish the installation of precast stair, remove the template of load bearing wall and column.
In described each step, concrete is pumped to the operation floor by high-pressure pump from the concrete mixing arrangement, and described concrete mixing arrangement is arranged on the bottom surface of operation floor.
Described steps A, B, C or D are that the different flanks of crossing over building in one day carry out.
Among the described step B, the reinforcing bar of laying on also that described premade bath room and prefabricated kitchen bottom is default horizontal exposed steel bar and half precast floor slab links together; Among the described step C, also fixedlyed connected with neighboring walls at least one metope unit of described premade bath room, fixedlyed connected with neighboring walls at least one metope unit in prefabricated kitchen.
At least one metope unit in described premade bath room or prefabricated kitchen is half dry wall, among the described step C, half dry wall in described premade bath room or prefabricated kitchen and cast-in-situ wall with layer linked is one.
Perhaps, at least one metope unit in described premade bath room or prefabricated kitchen is full dry wall and is provided with the connecting hole that is positioned at the bottom body of wall and communicates with this connecting hole and be arranged at the grout hole of metope, the connecting hole that is provided with on described connecting hole and the adjacent lower floor's body of wall docks, in described step C, insert inner reinforcing bar and perfusion mortar in the connecting hole that in the connecting hole in premade bath room or prefabricated kitchen and lower floor's body of wall, connects upper and lower layer body of wall is fixed together.
Among the described step D, will insert in the described precast stair installing hole that two ends are provided with up and down with default exposed steel bar on the described precast stair floor that up and down two ends are connected, perfusion mortar is fixed together described precast stair and floor binding in this installing hole.
Compared with prior art, the multistory building of band prefabricated component of the present invention and semi precast method of construction thereof are except adopting half precast floor slab, precast facade, premade bath room, prefabricated kitchen and precast stair have also been adopted, reduced the workload of cast-in-place structural, thereby can shorten construction period greatly, and building quality standard is more unified; In addition, constructional materials utilizes tower crane to be transported to the operation floor, and required concrete is pumped to the operation floor with concrete pump, and each construction sequence can be crossed over building in one day different flanks carry out, workman's free time is reduced to minimum, therefore can improve the efficient of construction greatly, the floor of a standard can be finished in four working days.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the multistory building of band prefabricated component of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of described precast stair 6;
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of described precast stair 6;
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing of described precast stair 6 and floor junction;
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of described premade bath room 7;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation that the default horizontal reinforcement in described premade bath room 7 bottoms is connected with floor bar;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of half prefabricated metope cell surface of described premade bath room 7;
Fig. 8 is the connection diagram of the outside steel mesh reinforcement in half prefabricated metope unit of described premade bath room 7;
Fig. 9 is half prefabricated metope unit of described premade bath room 7 and the schematic diagram that cast-in-situ wall 2 links;
Figure 10 is the complete prefabricated metope unit of described premade bath room 7 and the johning knot composition of lower floor's neighboring walls;
Figure 11 is the perspective view in described prefabricated kitchen 8;
Figure 12 is the structural representation that the default horizontal reinforcement in 8 bottoms, described prefabricated kitchen is connected with floor bar;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the half prefabricated metope cell surface in described prefabricated kitchen 8;
Figure 14 is the connection diagram of the outside steel mesh reinforcement in half prefabricated metope unit in described prefabricated kitchen 8;
Figure 15 is the half prefabricated metope unit in described prefabricated kitchen 8 and the schematic diagram that cast-in-situ wall 2 links;
Figure 16 is the complete prefabricated metope unit in described prefabricated kitchen 8 and the johning knot composition of lower floor's neighboring walls;
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the described four days preceding multistory buildings of building cycle;
Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of first day construction part;
Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of second day construction part;
Figure 20 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd day construction part;
Figure 21 is the schematic diagram of the 4th day construction part.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The multistory building of band prefabricated component of the present invention mainly is made up of body of wall, floor, stair, load-bearing pillar and beam etc., wherein, as shown in Figure 1, described body of wall is made up of precast facade 1 and cast-in-situ wall 2, and the two ends, the left and right sides of described precast facade 1 have default exposed steel bar and connect to one with cast-in-situ wall 2.Described floor 3 is laid reinforcing bar and fluid concrete by half precast floor slab 31 and on this half precast floor slab 31 and the cast-in-situ floor 32 that forms is formed.Special feature of the present invention is that described stair adopt precast stair 6, have adopted premade bath room 7 and prefabricated kitchen 8 in addition, can reduce the workload of site operation thus greatly, help building standard more unified.
As Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, described precast stair 6 is for being set up in one section gangboard between floor 3 and the half storey platform, promptly the stair of a typical floor are made up of two precast staiies 6, can be preset with handrail 63 and the reeding that is positioned on the step on the precast stair 6 simultaneously.The two ends up and down of described precast stair 6 are outward extended with convergence part 62 respectively, are provided with two installing holes 61 that are used for perfusion mortar on every end convergence part 62.Cast-in-situ floor 32 ends that connect described precast stair two ends about in the of 6 then are provided with the concave station 33 of the described convergence part 62 of support, every side concave station 33 tops and corresponding position, described installing hole 61 position convex with exposed steel bar 34, and in the installing hole 61 of described exposed steel bar 34 insertion correspondences and by perfusion mortar described precast stair 6 are fixedlyed connected with cast-in-situ floor 32.
The body of wall of described premade bath room 7, ceiling, base plate etc. are prefabricated in the factory, and can be provided with window on its body of wall, are embedded with water supply and sewerage pipeline, subsidiary conduit and illumination control box etc. in body of wall, and sanitaryware can also be installed simultaneously.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, being preset with horizontal exposed steel bar 74 in the bottom of this premade bath room 7 is used for linking with the reinforcing bar 321 of contiguous cast-in-situ floor 32.Wherein metope external surface at premade bath room 7 also can be provided with temporary fixed nut 75, temporarily be connected by connector 76 with the metope of contiguous floors when being used to premade bath room is installed, treat to remove this temporary fixed nut 75 and connector 76 again after premade bath room 7 closely is connected with lower floor or with the one storey building structural wall.
For can premade bath room 7 is more fixing, also need its body of wall and adjacent structural wall are linked together, two kinds of mode of connection can be arranged for this reason.
Mode one, as Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, at least one metope unit of described premade bath room 7 is half dry wall 70 with concavo-convex alternate rough external surface, this half dry wall 70 outside prick have reinforcing bar 21 and 22 and fluid concrete form cast-in-situ wall 2, thus can with this half dry wall 70 with fixedly connected with the cast-in-situ wall 2 of layer be one.
Mode two, as shown in figure 10, at least one metope unit of described premade bath room 7 is full dry wall 70 and is provided with first grouting channel 71 that is positioned at the substructure body of wall and the grout hole 73 that communicates and be arranged at metope with this first grouting channel 71, second grouting channel 72 that is provided with on described first grouting channel 71 and the adjacent substructure body of wall is docked, thus be inserted with in described first grouting channel 71 and second grouting channel 72 inner reinforcing bar 77 and by perfusion mortar will described full dry wall 70 and the substructure body of wall fixedly connected be one.
Equally, the body of wall in described prefabricated kitchen 8, ceiling, base plate etc. are prefabricated in the factory, and can be provided with window on its body of wall, are embedded with water supply and sewerage pipeline, subsidiary conduit and illumination control box etc. in body of wall, and the kitchen range top and wash bowl etc. can also be installed simultaneously.As Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12,8 bottoms, described prefabricated kitchen are preset with horizontal exposed steel bar 84 and are used for linking with the reinforcing bar 321 of contiguous cast-in-situ floor 32.Wherein metope external surface in prefabricated kitchen 8 also can be provided with temporary fixed nut 85, temporarily be connected by connector 86 with the metope of contiguous floors when being used to install prefabricated kitchen 8, treat to remove this temporary fixed nut 85 and connector 86 again after prefabricated kitchen 8 closely is connected with lower floor or with the one storey building structural wall.
For can prefabricated kitchen 8 is more fixing, also need its body of wall and adjacent structural wall are linked together, two kinds of mode of connection can be arranged for this reason.
Mode one, extremely shown in Figure 15 as Figure 11, at least one metope unit in described prefabricated kitchen 8 is half dry wall 80 with concavo-convex alternate rough external surface, this half dry wall 80 outside prick have reinforcing bar 21 and 22 and fluid concrete form cast-in-situ wall 2, thus can with this half dry wall 80 with fixedly connected with the cast-in-situ wall 2 of layer be one.
Mode two, as shown in figure 10, at least one metope unit is full dry wall and is provided with the 3rd grouting channel 81 that is positioned at the bottom body of wall and the grout hole 83 that communicates and be arranged at metope with the 3rd grouting channel 81 in the described prefabricated kitchen 8, the 4th grouting channel 82 that is provided with on described the 3rd grouting channel 81 and the adjacent substructure body of wall is docked, thus be inserted with in described the 3rd grouting channel 81 and the 4th grouting channel 82 inner reinforcing bar and by perfusion mortar will described full dry wall 80 and the substructure body of wall fixedly connected be one.
Figure 17 is the structural representation of certain floor of having built up, and the floor that the semi precast method of construction of multistory building of the present invention is built a standard on this basis comprises the steps:
A. as Figure 18, with crane half precast floor slab 31 is promoted to put in place and lay and fix, on half precast floor slab 31, lay reinforcing bar 321;
B. as Figure 19, settle and fix precast facade 1, premade bath room 7 and prefabricated kitchen 8, and the reinforcing bar 321 of laying on horizontal exposed steel bar 74 that this premade bath room 7 and 8 bottoms, prefabricated kitchen are default and 84 and half precast floor slab 31 links together, and ties the reinforcing bar of load bearing wall 2 and column 5 and fixes template;
C. as Figure 20, fluid concrete is finished the making of load bearing wall 2 and column 5 in described template, is template with half precast floor slab 31, laying fluid concrete formation cast-in-situ floor 32 on half precast floor slab 31 of reinforcing bar, finishes the making of floor 3;
D. as Figure 21, between the concave station 33 of crane with two floors 32 about precast stair 6 liftings extremely, make relative insertion the in installing hole 61 positions on the exposed steel bar 34 that is convexly equipped with on the concave station 33 up and down and the convergence part, precast stair 6 two ends 62, and perfusion mortar is fixed together precast stair 6 and two floors 32 up and down in installing hole 61, thereby finish the installation of precast stair 6, at this moment, the intensity of cast-in-place load bearing wall 2 and cast-in-situ floor 32 satisfies condition, the template of dismountable load bearing wall 2 and column 5.
Among the above-mentioned steps C, also need to be fixedlyed connected with the adjacent structure body of wall at least one metope unit in described premade bath room 7 and prefabricated kitchen 8, the metope unit that this is used to link can be half dry wall or full dry wall.
When the metope unit that is used for linking with the adjacent structure body of wall in described premade bath room 7 or prefabricated kitchen 8 is half dry wall, the net of outside this half dry wall, wire-tiing, with lower floor's reinforcing bar 21 and the work layer reinforcing bar 22 back fluid concrete that links together, can with half dry wall in described premade bath room 7 or prefabricated kitchen 8 with fixedly connected with the cast-in-situ wall 2 of layer be one.
When the metope unit that is used for linking with the adjacent structure body of wall in described premade bath room 7 or prefabricated kitchen 8 is full dry wall, this metope unit is provided with the connecting hole that is positioned at the bottom body of wall and communicates with this connecting hole and is arranged at the grout hole of metope, the connecting hole that is provided with on described connecting hole and the adjacent lower floor's body of wall docks, and inserts inner reinforcing bar in the connecting hole that connects and perfusion mortar can be fixed together upper and lower layer body of wall in the connecting hole in premade bath room 7 or prefabricated kitchen 8 and lower floor's body of wall.
In the above steps, concrete is pumped to the operation floor by high-pressure pump from the concrete mixing arrangement, and described concrete mixing arrangement is arranged on the bottom surface of operation floor, and tower crane can be available other material of transportation to the operation floor like this, increases work efficiency.Need establish a hydraulic arm at the operation floor, Yi Bian concrete is set as floor plate and structure cross wall.Hydraulic arm itself is placed on the portable steel column device, and this steel column device is supported on several floors, and can upwards reset according to the construction progress.In order to use concrete pump, slump need be changed to 100mm from the 75mm of standard, way is that higher cement factor is introduced in the concrete mix, therefore concrete keeps its intensity, but is easier to be pumped into the operation floor.
Described steps A, B, C or D can cross in one day all that the different flanks of building carry out, thus, the floor of building a standard only needs four working days, and is relative with traditional building method, shortened construction period greatly, made the time of workman's free time reduce to minimum.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.