CN102288324A - Acoustic monitoring method for temperature distribution of stored grain - Google Patents
Acoustic monitoring method for temperature distribution of stored grain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an acoustic monitoring method for the temperature distribution of stored grain. Acoustic wave transmitters/receivers are arranged around an area to be measured; acoustic waves transmitted by any one transmitter/receiver can be received by all the transmitters/receivers including the transmitter/receiver through air channels in gaps of grain particles; the transmitters/receivers are sequentially started and stopped in one detection period, and the propagation time of the acoustic waves in the grain along each effective propagation path is measured; the area to be measured is divided into space grids, a temperature is reconstructed for each grid and each grid is endowed with a center according to the obtained acoustic wave propagation time, a three-dimensional acoustic velocity field reconstruction algorithm and a relation between an acoustic velocity and the temperature, and the temperature distribution of the whole area to be measured is obtained by an interpolation calculation method; and the spatial resolution of temperature monitoring of the stored grain can be obviously improved, hot spots caused by mildew, insect damage, bin top water leakage and the like in the stored grain are timely found, large-area grain loss is avoided, operation in a bin is not influenced, and the method is suitable for monitoring the temperature distribution of bulk grain in the grain bin on line.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stored grain Temperature Distribution monitoring technical field, relate generally to a kind of method of utilizing acoustic method temperature field detection technique to realize stored grain Temperature Distribution non-cpntact measurement.
Background technology
Grain security storage is a global difficult problem, and according to the investigation statistics of FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation), the annual grain in the whole world goes mouldy and loss such as insect pest is 8% of grain yield.The tax grain of China is now all left concentratedly in national or local warehouse.The stored grain temperature is to judge the important symbol of grain storage state.Grain takes place in the storage process goes mouldy, insect pest and moisture unusually all can be reflected in the grain temperature and change, and promptly in the appearance of focus, the stored grain temperature monitoring all adopts contact thermometry both at home and abroad.The many cable for measuring temperature that are embedded with contact type temperature sensor (as thermistor, digital temperature sensor DS18B20) are inserted in the grain storage.Grain is the poor conductor of heat, because a large amount of cable for measuring temperature can not be set in silo, contact type temperature sensor can only obtain the temperature of " point " at place, sensor place again, so focus is if not occur in just near certain point for measuring temperature, just can not be found, and local going mouldy or insect pest such as untimely taking measures might cause the damage of large tracts of land grain and cause heavy losses.Than contact thermometry, the non-contact temperature measuring mode is more suitable for the grain storage temperature monitoring.
Summary of the invention
1, goal of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of stored grain Temperature Distribution acoustic monitoring method, monitor the grain storage temperature with the noncontact mode, significantly improve the spatial resolution of grain storage food temperature monitoring, in time find in the grain storage to avoid large-area grain loss owing to reason such as go mouldy, insect pest, Cang Ding are leaked causes focus.
2, technical scheme:
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of stored grain Temperature Distribution acoustic monitoring method, it is characterized in that: this method is made of following steps:
Step (1), at tested regional arranged around sound wave emissions/receiver:
With N(N 〉=20) individual sound wave emissions/transceiver be arranged on xsect be rectangle or foursquare tested zone around, enclose a rectangular parallelepiped or square, a sound wave emissions/transceiver is set on each summit of rectangular parallelepiped or square, 3 sound wave emissions/transceivers at least evenly are set on every seamed edge, and promptly the spacing of adjacent two sound wave emissions/receivers equates on every seamed edge; The sound wave that arbitrary sound wave emissions/receiver sent by the air duct in the grain gap, can be comprised from receiving in interior all sound wave emissions/receiver; Can set the number of the sound wave emissions/receiver that is provided with on every seamed edge according to the size and the desirable measuring accuracy in tested zone.
Step (2), measure sound wave travel-time along each effective travel path in grain:
Order opens and closes each sound wave emissions/receiver in a sense cycle, i(i is followed successively by 1,2, when N) individual sound wave emissions/receiver is launched sound wave, all the other N-1 sound wave emissions/receiver is not all launched sound wave, comprises that all N sound wave emissions/receiver of i all receives this sound wave and is converted to electric signal, and these electric signal enter computing machine behind signal conditioner and data collecting card; Any two sound wave emissions/receivers, as long as they are not positioned on same the seamed edge, can form an effective acoustic wave propagation path, use simple crosscorrelation Time Delay Estimation Method, measure sound wave travel-time along each effective travel path in grain in conjunction with the small echo noise suppression.
Simple crosscorrelation Time Delay Estimation Method in conjunction with the small echo noise suppression can be expressed as:
, f wherein
i(k), f
j(k) represent the electric signal of i, j the sound wave emissions/receiver output behind the small echo noise suppression respectively, R (n) is their cross correlation function, N is a sampling number, can set according to needed measuring accuracy, if R (n) obtains maximal value during n=D, then D is exactly the travel-time of sound wave on the travel path that i, j sound wave emissions/receiver are constituted.
Step (3), determine the relation of the velocity of sound and temperature in the grain:
Sound wave is to propagate the relation of velocity of sound c and cereal temperature T in the grain by the gas in the grain hole in grain:
Wherein z is the constant of gas composition composition decision, for air, its value is 20.045, τ is a grain hole factor of influence, thermodynamic parameter with frequency of sound wave, gas, the mean gap of grain is relevant, and after the frequency of sound wave that contained gas between grain and acoustic transit time measuring system are adopted was determined, τ depended primarily on the mean gap between grain; When heap grain China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation eclipse depth degree is more shallow, under the effect of grain deadweight, mean gap between grain reduces with the increase of the grain degree of depth, but when the grain degree of depth surpasses 0.5m, mean gap between grain no longer changes with the grain change in depth, τ can be considered definite value, and the τ value can be demarcated in advance in the actual measurement.
Step (4), reconstruction of three-dimensional cereal temperature distribute:
Tested rectangular parallelepiped or square zone are divided into the individual space lattice in M(M 〉=10 * 10 * 10=1000) equably, with (x
m, y
m, z
m) expression m(m=1,2 ..., M) individual space lattice center point coordinate, the distribution f of tested regional velocity of sound inverse (z) linear combination with M basis function is expressed as for x, y:
Wherein θ is the form parameter of basis function, ε
mBe undetermined coefficient, then the travel-time of sound wave on the effective travel path of k bar is:
P wherein
kRepresent k bar travel path, ds represents the integration infinitesimal of sound wave path, and K is effective sound wave path number; Definition:
After obtaining matrix A, the vectorial X that describes velocity of sound distribution can be expressed as:
Wherein
Be the singular value of matrix A, and
, u
jAnd v
jBe respectively the left and right singular value vector of matrix A, λ is a regularization parameter.
After obtaining to describe the vectorial X of velocity of sound distribution, utilize in the step (3) relational expression of the velocity of sound and temperature in the grain of determining, can be M(〉=1000) individual space lattice respectively reconstructs a temperature value and give grid element center, use the method for interpolation arithmetic again, obtain the Temperature Distribution in whole tested zone, realize in the grain three-dimensional temperature field exactly, the high spatial resolution monitoring.
3, advantage and effect:
The invention provides a kind of stored grain Temperature Distribution acoustic monitoring method, adopt acoustic method temperature field detection technique to realize the noncontact monitoring of bulk grain Temperature Distribution, have following advantage:
The stored grain temperature monitoring all adopts contact thermometry at present.Grain is the poor conductor of heat, if temperature anomaly is not to occur in just near certain point for measuring temperature, just can in time not be found.The present invention adopts the non-contact temperature measuring mode, can significantly improve the spatial resolution of stored grain temperature monitoring, remedied the low drawback of grain storage temperature contact measuring method spatial resolution, can in time find in the grain storage owing to go mouldy, insect pest, Cang Ding are leaked etc., and reason causes focus, avoid large-area grain loss, and have the advantage that does not influence operation in the storehouse, be suitable for bulk grain Temperature Distribution on-line monitoring in the silo, contain and contain good economic benefit and social benefit.
Acoustic method temperature field detection technique can be applied in industrial furnace and the atmosphere temperature field monitoring.Grain storage is a kind of porous medium of strong sound absorption, and the sound wave in the grain storage is to reach acoustic receiver by air duct crooked between grain by pinger, is different from the propagation of sound wave in industrial furnace and atmosphere.Therefore, the present invention is not that the acoustic method of two-dimensional/three-dimensional Temperature Distribution that appeared in the newspapers in the atmosphere of leading or the flue gas is rebuild, but the first Application of acoustic method temperature field detection technique in the monitoring of strong sound absorption bulk three-dimensional temperature field.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is that 20 sound wave emissions/receivers are enclosed the tested area schematic of a square bodily form;
Fig. 2 is that 28 sound wave emissions/receivers are enclosed the tested area schematic of a cuboid;
Fig. 3 is the effective sound wave path synoptic diagram of 20 sound wave emissions/receivers and formation thereof 154;
Fig. 4 is the effective sound wave path synoptic diagram of 28 sound wave emissions/receivers and formation thereof 314;
Fig. 5 is that the tested zone of the square bodily form that 20 sound wave emissions/receivers are enclosed is divided into 10 * 10 * 10=1000 grid synoptic diagram equably;
Fig. 6 is that the tested zone of cuboid that 28 sound wave emissions/receivers are enclosed is divided into 20 * 10 * 10=2000 grid synoptic diagram equably.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the principle of the invention, structure are described further:
The present invention proposes a kind of stored grain Temperature Distribution acoustic monitoring method, the temp measuring system that is adopted is made up of sound wave emissions/receiver, frame, cable, driving and signal condition system, data acquisition system (DAS) and computing machine; Rack-mounted sound wave emissions/receiver is connected to by cable and drives and the signal condition system, the output of signal condition system is connected to data acquisition system (DAS) through cable, when the way of the used synchronous data collection card of data acquisition system (DAS) synchronous acquisition was less than the used sound wave emissions of temp measuring system/receiver number (normally this situation), the output of sound wave emissions/receiver adopted the mode of grouping to collect computing machine; Also have equate or more than situation, when the way of the used synchronous data collection card of data acquisition system (DAS) synchronous acquisition equals or during more than the used sound wave emissions of temp measuring system/receiver number, the output of sound wave emissions/receiver need not grouping and directly collects computing machine.
The inventive method concrete steps are as follows:
Step (1), at tested regional arranged around sound wave emissions/receiver:
With N(N 〉=20) individual sound wave emissions/transceiver by frame be arranged on xsect be rectangle or foursquare tested zone around, enclose a rectangular parallelepiped or square; A sound wave emissions/transceiver is set on each summit of rectangular parallelepiped or square, 3 sound wave emissions/transceivers at least evenly are set on every seamed edge, the spacing that is meant adjacent two sound wave emissions/receivers on every seamed edge evenly is set equates.The sound wave that arbitrary sound wave emissions/receiver sent by the air duct in the grain gap, can be comprised from receiving in interior all sound wave emissions/receiver.Can set the number of the sound wave emissions/receiver that is provided with on every seamed edge, for example 3,4,5 or more according to the size and the desirable measuring accuracy in tested zone.Fig. 1 is that 20 sound wave emissions/receivers are enclosed the tested area schematic of a square bodily form, and 3 sound wave emissions/receivers evenly are set on every seamed edge.Fig. 2 is that 28 sound wave emissions/receivers are enclosed the tested area schematic of cuboid, and 5 sound wave emissions/receivers evenly are set on every longitudinal edge, and 3 sound wave emissions/receivers evenly are set on all the other each seamed edges.
Step (2), measure sound wave travel-time along each effective travel path in grain:
Order opens and closes each sound wave emissions/receiver in a sense cycle, i(i is followed successively by 1,2, when N) individual sound wave emissions/receiver is launched sound wave, all the other N-1 sound wave emissions/receiver is not all launched sound wave, comprises that all N sound wave emissions/receiver of i all receives this sound wave and is converted to electric signal, and these electric signal packet synchronization behind signal conditioner and data collecting card collects computing machine.For example when N=20, data collecting card adopt the NI S of company Series PC I-6143 to adopt card with step number, because this capture card has only the input of 8 road difference analogues, must shilling the 1st a sound wave emissions/receiver launch a sound wave, with PCI 6143 with 1,2,3,4,5,6,7, the output signal synchronous acquisition of 8 sound wave emissions/receiver is to computing machine; Make the 1st sound wave emissions/receiver launch a sound wave again, with PCI6143 with 1,9,10,11,12,13,14, the output signal synchronous acquisition of 15 sound wave emissions/receiver is to computing machine; Also need make the 1st sound wave emissions/receiver launch a sound wave again, with PCI6143 with 1,16,17,18,19, the output signal synchronous acquisition of 20 sound wave emissions/receiver is to computing machine, thereby corresponding data acquisition when dividing 3 groups to finish the 1st sound wave emissions/receiver emission sound wave.According to this pattern, corresponding data acquisition when all the other 19 sound wave emissions/receiver emission sound wave is finished in grouping.
Any two sound wave emissions/receivers as long as they are not positioned on same the seamed edge, can form an effective acoustic wave propagation path.When being set on every the seamed edge in the tested zone of for example square bodily form, 3 sound wave emissions/receiver can form 154 effective sound wave paths, as shown in Figure 3; On the tested regional longitudinal edge of cuboid 5 sound wave emissions/receivers are set, can form 314 effective sound wave paths when 3 sound wave emissions/receiver are set on all the other seamed edges, as shown in Figure 4.With simple crosscorrelation Time Delay Estimation Method, measure sound wave travel-time along each effective travel path in grain in conjunction with the small echo noise suppression.
Simple crosscorrelation Time Delay Estimation Method in conjunction with the small echo noise suppression can be expressed as:
, f wherein
i(k), f
j(k) represent the electric signal of i, j the sound wave emissions/receiver output behind the small echo noise suppression respectively, R (n) is their cross correlation function, N is a sampling number, can set according to needed measuring accuracy, if R (n) obtains maximal value during n=D, then D is exactly that sound wave is by the travel-time of i emitting/receiving to the j emitting/receiving.I respectively measures once to the acoustic transit time of i to j and j, gets its mean value, as the acoustic transit time on the i-j path.When measuring the travel-time of sound wave on the travel path that i, j sound wave emissions/receiver are constituted, the output that guarantee i, j sound wave emissions/receiver is that synchronous acquisition arrives computing machine, is in same group when promptly grouping is gathered.
Step (3), determine the relation of the velocity of sound and temperature in the grain:
Sound wave is to propagate the relation of velocity of sound c and cereal temperature T in the grain by the gas between grain hole (being the slit between grain) in grain:
Wherein z is the constant of gas composition composition decision, and for air, its value is 20.045, and τ is a grain hole factor of influence, and with the thermodynamic parameter of frequency of sound wave, gas, the mean gap of grain is relevant.After the frequency of sound wave that contained gas between grain and acoustic transit time measuring system are adopted was determined, τ depended primarily on the mean gap between grain.When heap grain China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation eclipse depth degree is more shallow, under the effect of grain deadweight, mean gap between grain reduces with the increase of the grain degree of depth, but when the grain degree of depth surpasses 0.5m, mean gap between grain no longer changes with the grain change in depth, τ can be considered definite value, the τ value can be demarcated in advance in the actual measurement, promptly with the acoustic transit time measuring system measure respectively sound wave by air and by sample grain by the A point to travel-time t1 and t2 that B is ordered, and get τ=t2/t1, must keep A to B dot spacing constant during measurement, temperature constant on the acoustic wave propagation path is on same temperature.
Step (4), reconstruction of three-dimensional cereal temperature distribute:
Tested rectangular parallelepiped or square zone are divided into the individual space lattice in M(M 〉=10 * 10 * 10=1000) equably, for example the tested zone of the square bodily form that 20 sound wave emissions/receivers are enclosed is divided into 10 * 10 * 10=1000 grid equably, as shown in Figure 5; The tested zone of cuboid of for another example 28 sound wave emissions/receivers being enclosed is divided into 20 * 10 * 10=2000 grid equably, as shown in Figure 6.With (x
m, y
m, z
m) expression m(m=1,2 ..., M) individual space lattice center point coordinate, the distribution f of tested regional velocity of sound inverse (z) linear combination with M basis function is expressed as for x, y:
Wherein θ is the form parameter of basis function, ε
mBe undetermined coefficient, then the travel-time of sound wave on the effective travel path of k bar is:
P wherein
kRepresent k bar travel path, ds represents the integration infinitesimal of sound wave path, and K is effective sound wave path number; Definition:
After obtaining matrix A, the vectorial X that describes velocity of sound distribution can be expressed as:
Wherein
Be the singular value of matrix A, and
, u
jAnd v
jBe respectively the left and right singular value vector of matrix A, λ is a regularization parameter.
After describing the vectorial X that the velocity of sound distributes, utilize the relational expression of the velocity of sound and temperature in the grain of determining in the step (3), can be M(=1000) respectively to reconstruct a temperature value next for individual space lattice, gives central point to M grid respectively with these temperature values.Then tested zone is divided into finer and closely woven grid equably, 50 * 50 * 50=125000 grid for example, utilize the cubic spline algorithm, interpolation calculation goes out the temperature of these 125000 grid element center points, thereby obtain the Temperature Distribution in finer, the whole tested zone described with 125000 grids, realize in the grain three-dimensional temperature field exactly, high spatial resolution monitors.
Claims (1)
1. stored grain Temperature Distribution acoustic monitoring method, it is characterized in that: this method is made of following steps:
Step (1), at tested regional arranged around sound wave emissions/receiver:
With N(N 〉=20) individual sound wave emissions/transceiver be arranged on xsect be rectangle or foursquare tested zone around, enclose a rectangular parallelepiped or square, a sound wave emissions/transceiver is set on each summit of rectangular parallelepiped or square, 3 sound wave emissions/transceivers at least evenly are set on every seamed edge, and promptly the spacing of adjacent two sound wave emissions/receivers equates on every seamed edge; The sound wave that arbitrary sound wave emissions/receiver sent by the air duct in the grain gap, can be comprised from receiving in interior all sound wave emissions/receiver;
Step (2), measure sound wave travel-time along each effective travel path in grain:
Order opens and closes each sound wave emissions/receiver in a sense cycle, i(i is followed successively by 1,2, when N) individual sound wave emissions/receiver is launched sound wave, all the other N-1 sound wave emissions/receiver is not all launched sound wave, comprises that all N sound wave emissions/receiver of i all receives this sound wave and is converted to electric signal, and these electric signal enter computing machine behind signal conditioner and data collecting card; Any two sound wave emissions/receivers, as long as they are not positioned on same the seamed edge, can form an effective acoustic wave propagation path, use simple crosscorrelation Time Delay Estimation Method, measure sound wave travel-time along each effective travel path in grain in conjunction with the small echo noise suppression;
Simple crosscorrelation Time Delay Estimation Method in conjunction with the small echo noise suppression can be expressed as:
, f wherein
i(k), f
j(k) represent the electric signal of i, j the sound wave emissions/receiver output behind the small echo noise suppression respectively, R (n) is their cross correlation function, N is a sampling number, can set according to needed measuring accuracy, if R (n) obtains maximal value during n=D, then D is exactly the travel-time of sound wave on the travel path that i, j sound wave emissions/receiver are constituted;
Step (3), determine the relation of the velocity of sound and temperature in the grain:
Sound wave is to propagate the relation of velocity of sound c and cereal temperature T in the grain by the gas in the grain hole in grain:
(1)
Wherein z is the constant of gas composition composition decision, for air, its value is 20.045, t is a grain hole factor of influence, thermodynamic parameter with frequency of sound wave, gas, the mean gap of grain is relevant, and after the frequency of sound wave that contained gas between grain and acoustic transit time measuring system are adopted was determined, t depended primarily on the mean gap between grain; When heap grain China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation eclipse depth degree is more shallow, under the effect of grain deadweight, mean gap between grain reduces with the increase of the grain degree of depth, but when the grain degree of depth surpasses 0.5m, mean gap between grain no longer changes with the grain change in depth, t can be considered definite value, and the t value can be demarcated in advance in the actual measurement;
Step (4), reconstruction of three-dimensional cereal temperature distribute:
Tested rectangular parallelepiped or square zone are divided into M(M310 ' 10 ' 10=1000) individual space lattices equably, with (x
m, y
m, z
m) expression m(m=1,2 ..., M) individual space lattice center point coordinate, the distribution f of tested regional velocity of sound inverse (z) linear combination with M basis function is expressed as for x, y:
Wherein q is the form parameter of basis function, e
mBe undetermined coefficient, then the travel-time of sound wave on the effective travel path of k bar is:
（3）
P wherein
kRepresent k bar travel path, ds represents the integration infinitesimal of sound wave path, and K is effective sound wave path number; Definition:
,
,
, t=AX is then arranged; Wherein vector X describes velocity of sound distribution, and t is the acoustic transit time on each the effective travel path that obtains in the step (2), and A is a reconstruction matrix, and after the grid dividing in sound wave emissions/receiver position and tested zone was determined, matrix A just can be calculated acquisition;
After obtaining matrix A, the vectorial X that describes velocity of sound distribution can be expressed as:
（4）
Wherein
Be the singular value of matrix A, and
, u
jAnd v
jBe respectively the left and right singular value vector of matrix A, l is a regularization parameter;
After obtaining to describe the vectorial X of velocity of sound distribution, utilize in the step (3) relational expression of the velocity of sound and temperature in the grain of determining, can be M(〉=1000) individual space lattice respectively reconstructs a temperature value and give grid element center, use the method for interpolation arithmetic again, obtain the Temperature Distribution in whole tested zone, realize in the grain three-dimensional temperature field exactly, the high spatial resolution monitoring.
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Cited By (12)
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| CN105698961A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆大学 | Method for rebuilding of three-dimensional temperature field under microwave heating environment |
| CN106233110A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2016-12-14 | 西门子能源有限公司 | For being determined by the intersection point of acoustical signal to the method optimizing the basic point used in the temperature map of turbine hot gas flow path |
| CN107121215A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-01 | 陕西师范大学 | The method for rebuilding grain storage temperature field |
| CN109443587A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-08 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method and device |
| CN110068399A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-07-30 | 四川大学 | Reconstruction of temperature field algorithm based on radial basis function and regularization |
| CN110646112A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 东北大学 | Ultrasonic industrial furnace temperature measurement system and method based on multiple sound source arrangement modes |
| CN112729592A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 山东大学 | Transformer hot spot temperature measuring system and method |
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| CN117111139A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-11-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Multi-point rapid detection device and technology for termite nest of high-coverage dam |
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| CN106233110A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2016-12-14 | 西门子能源有限公司 | For being determined by the intersection point of acoustical signal to the method optimizing the basic point used in the temperature map of turbine hot gas flow path |
| CN104155030B (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-10-05 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of acoustics CT reconstruction of temperature field method considering Ray-tracing method |
| CN104155030A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-11-19 | 沈阳工业大学 | Acoustic CT temperature field reconstruction method taking sound ray bending into consideration |
| CN105698961A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆大学 | Method for rebuilding of three-dimensional temperature field under microwave heating environment |
| CN107121215A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-01 | 陕西师范大学 | The method for rebuilding grain storage temperature field |
| CN109443587A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-08 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method and device |
| CN113167660A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-07-23 | 精灵光粉科技有限公司 | Temperature measuring device, acoustic wave receiving device, and program |
| CN110068399A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-07-30 | 四川大学 | Reconstruction of temperature field algorithm based on radial basis function and regularization |
| CN110646112A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 东北大学 | Ultrasonic industrial furnace temperature measurement system and method based on multiple sound source arrangement modes |
| CN114127526A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-03-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Temperature measurement system and method |
| WO2021217407A1 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-11-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Temperature measurement system and method |
| CN112729592A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 山东大学 | Transformer hot spot temperature measuring system and method |
| CN112729592B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-08-02 | 山东大学 | Transformer hot spot temperature measuring system and method |
| CN114119883A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-03-01 | 北京中科慧云科技有限公司 | Adaptive clustering-based large grain pile grain storage three-dimensional cloud picture drawing method and device |
| CN117111139A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-11-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Multi-point rapid detection device and technology for termite nest of high-coverage dam |
| CN117111139B (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2024-03-05 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Multi-point rapid detection device and technology for termite nest of high-coverage dam |
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