CN109443587A - A kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method and device - Google Patents
A kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method and device Download PDFInfo
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- G01K11/265—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using measurement of acoustic effects of resonant frequencies using surface acoustic wave [SAW]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method and devices, it is related to SAW Temperature Sensors technical field, the following steps are included: S1, to SAW device emit narrow pulse excitation signal, after narrow pulse excitation signal transmitting stops, the first echo signal of SAW device is received；S2, the intrinsic frequency range according to SAW device echo-signal obtain second echo signal by filtering；S3, the channel white noise that second echo signal is removed by auto-correlation algorithm, obtain third echo-signal；S4, pass through Signal separator detection method, detect the correct SAW device echo-signal in third echo-signal, and then obtain to testing temperature.The present invention denoises the echo-signal of SAW device using auto-correlation algorithm is improved, and optimizes Signal separator detection method, improves the robustness of SAW temperature sensor signal detection；Simple using SAW temperature sensor structure of the invention, strong antijamming capability expands the application range of existing SAW temperature sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to SAW Temperature Sensors technical field more particularly to a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors are anti-
Interference method and device.
Background technique
SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave, surface acoustic wave) sensor is a kind of passive biography for working in wireless mode
Sensor may operate in various rugged environments.It can send out by speed, frequency of surface acoustic wave etc. with measured variation
The principle for changing carrys out work.SAW sensor has been used for many amounts such as temperature, pressure, torque, revolving speed, flow, biology at present
Measurement.Compared to other common species sensors, SAW sensor has the advantages that many uniquenesses:
(1) pure wireless and passive can carry out remote telemetering.
(2) it can realize that multiple spot measures simultaneously by working frequency difference.
(3) light weight small in size, low in energy consumption, quasi- numeral output.
(4) multi-parameter is sensitive, and anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, is operable under the conditions of rugged environment.
(5) semiconductor planar processing technology is used, is easy to produce in enormous quantities.
SAW temperature sensor works in wireless mode, is easy by the various radiofrequency signals interference in working environment.In order to
The reliability for improving SAW temperature sensor thermometric needs to inhibit the interference of various radiofrequency signals.SAW temperature sensor system
When completing, sensing unit, that is, SAW resonator (SAWR) has determining operating frequency range, therefore can pass through filtering
Frequency is not in the Radio Frequency Interfere of this range in method inhibition environment.When interference signal and SAW resonator echo-signal
When in the same frequency range, can not simply it be inhibited by the method for filtering at this time.Currently used method is by SAW temperature sensing
System is packaged isolation, prevents extraneous radio frequency interference signal from being received by reader, and this method will lead to sensor-based system change
Must be complicated, and will limit the use scope of SAW temperature sensor.
Therefore, those skilled in the art is dedicated to developing a kind of simple SAW temperature sensor anti-interference method of structure
And device.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to the SAW of existing package isolation
Temperature sensor anti-interference structure is complicated, and the SAW temperature sensor of unencapsulated isolation is easily disturbed, limits SAW temperature sensing
The use scope of device.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method, including it is following
Step:
S1, emit narrow pulse excitation signal to SAW device, after narrow pulse excitation signal transmitting stops, receiving the SAW
The first echo signal of device, the first echo signal include the correct SAW device echo letter that the SAW device returns
Number；
S2, received first echo signal is inhibited by filtering according to the intrinsic frequency range of the SAW device echo-signal
In the not signal in the intrinsic frequency range of the SAW device echo-signal, obtain second echo signal；
S3, the channel white noise that the second echo signal is removed by auto-correlation algorithm, obtain third echo-signal, institute
It states third echo-signal and maintains the attenuation characteristic of the SAW device echo-signal and the constant amplitude characteristic of sinusoidal interference signal；
S4, pass through Signal separator detection method, detect the SAW device echo-signal in the third echo-signal,
And then it obtains to testing temperature.
Further, the SAW device in the step S1 includes SAW resonator.
It further, is SAW reader for receive the first echo signal in the step S1.
Further, the auto-correlation algorithm in the step S3 is improved auto-correlation algorithm, is included the following steps:
S3.1,2 signals are generated first, be respectively as follows:
x1(i)=y (i)off, i=1,2,3 ... N；
x2(j)=y (j)off, j=1,2,3 ... N/2；
In formula: y (i)offFor the resonator echo-signal of acquisition, N is the resonator echo-signal length；
S3.2, the improved autocorrelation result that a length is N/2 is obtained:
Further, the Signal separator detection method in the step S4 is entropy energy measuring method.
Further, the entropy energy measuring method includes the following steps:
S4.1, according to your fragrant entropy theories, the received SAW device echo-signal y (t) of SAW readeroffWhen
Domain entropy energy are as follows:
In formula:P=∑ P (t), subscript*To take conjugation；
S4.2, according to the step S4.1 medium entropy energy size and the point SAW device echo-signal in resultant signal energy
Specific gravity in amount is inversely proportional, and for each echo-signal, amplitude is with τ0Time constant decaying:
In formula: A is the amplitude of echo-signal, ω0For the angular frequency of signal, Q is the quality factor of the SAW device, into
And it obtains:
The signal of the determination acquired for one, signal gross energy P are constant, it is believed that and it is a constant, and then
It arrives:
S4.3, according to Q=f0/Br, BrFor the bandwidth of operation of the SAW device, and then obtain the SAW device echo letter
Number entropy ENERGY E n (t):
En (t)=4A1πBrt-A2+A3；
In formula: A1=log2E, A2=log2(A2), A3=log2P；
The slope of the entropy ENERGY E n (t) of the SAW device echo-signal is 4A1πBr, bandwidth B with the SAW devicerHave
It closes；In the case where the SAW device determines, the bandwidth of the SAW device is varied less, and can be approximately steady state value；
S4.4, according to the characteristic of the entropy ENERGY E n (t), the SAW device is isolated by entropy energy response decision criteria
Part echo-signal.
Further, the entropy energy response decision criteria in the step S4.4 are as follows:
|Vfirst-Vsma|>Vthre；
In formula: VsmaFor entropy energy minima, VfirstFor VsmaFirst maximum afterwards, VthreFor threshold value；
When the entropy ENERGY E n (t) of measured signal meets entropy energy response decision criteria, the measured signal is the SAW
Device echo-signal.
Further, the threshold value V of the entropy energy response decision criteriathreMore than or equal to 0.5.
Preferably, the threshold value V of the entropy energy response decision criteriathreEqual to 1.
The present invention also provides a kind of surface acoustic wave temperature using the SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method to pass
Sensor arrangement, the SAW Temperature Sensors device include SAW device and SAW reader.
Further, the operating mode of the SAW Temperature Sensors device is wireless mode.
Compared with prior art, implementation through the invention has reached following apparent technical effect:
1, the echo-signal of SAW device is denoised using auto-correlation algorithm is improved, maintains the echo letter of SAW device
Number attenuation characteristic and sinusoidal interference constant amplitude characteristic, optimize Signal separator detection method, improve surface acoustic wave temperature sensing
The robustness of device signal detection.
2, using the SAW Temperature Sensors structure letter of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method of the invention
Single, strong antijamming capability expands the application range of existing SAW Temperature Sensors.
It is described further below with reference to technical effect of the attached drawing to design of the invention, specific structure and generation, with
It is fully understood from the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of SAW Temperature Sensors Anti-Jamming Technique of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the echo-signal that frequency is 435MHz SAW resonator；
Fig. 3 is the entropy energy that frequency is 435MHz surface acoustic wave；
Fig. 4 is that frequency is the decaying oscillator signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB；
Fig. 5 is that frequency is the sustained oscillation signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB；
Fig. 6 is auto-correlation algorithm treated frequency is sustained oscillation signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB；
Fig. 7 is auto-correlation algorithm treated frequency is decaying oscillator signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB；
Fig. 8 is to improve auto-correlation algorithm treated frequency is decaying oscillator signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB；
Fig. 9 is the entropy for improving auto-correlation algorithm treated the decaying oscillator signal that frequency is 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB
Energy；
Figure 10 is to improve auto-correlation algorithm treated frequency is sustained oscillation signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB；
Figure 11 is the entropy for improving auto-correlation algorithm treated frequency the is sustained oscillation signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB
Energy；
Figure 12 is that frequency is the decaying oscillator signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB | Vfirst-Vsma| value；
Figure 13 is that frequency is the sustained oscillation signal that 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB | Vfirst-Vsma| value；
Figure 14 obtains the verification and measurement ratio under different signal-to-noise ratio when being different signal using different threshold values；
Figure 15 is the 435MHz constant amplitude sinusoidal signal of one embodiment of the invention acquisition；
Figure 16 is one embodiment of the invention 435MHz constant amplitude sinusoidal signal | Vfirst-Vsma| value；
Figure 17 is the SAWR echo-signal using SAW Temperature Sensors Anti-Jamming Technique of the present invention | Vfirst-Vsma
| value；
Figure 18 is the mixed signal using SAW Temperature Sensors Anti-Jamming Technique of the present invention | Vfirst-Vsma| value.
Specific embodiment
Multiple preferred embodiments of the invention are introduced below with reference to Figure of description, keep its technology contents more clear and just
In understanding.The present invention can be emerged from by many various forms of embodiments, and protection scope of the present invention not only limits
The embodiment that Yu Wenzhong is mentioned.
SAW temperature sensor device includes as the SAW device of temperature sensing unit and for motivating, receiving SAW signal
SAW reader.SAW device includes SAW resonator；The major function of SAW reader is transmitting narrow pulse excitation signal, is being swashed
It encourages the echo-signal for receiving SAW device after stopping and is handled, believed by the correct SAW device echo that conditioning is handled
Number, and then obtain to testing temperature.
As shown in Figure 1, SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method the following steps are included:
S1, emit narrow pulse excitation signal to SAW device, after narrow pulse excitation signal transmitting stops, receiving SAW device
First echo signal, first echo signal include SAW device return correct SAW device echo-signal；
S2, the intrinsic frequency range according to SAW device echo-signal are inhibited in received first echo signal by filtering
The not signal in the intrinsic frequency range of SAW device echo-signal, obtains second echo signal；
S3, the channel white noise that second echo signal is removed by auto-correlation algorithm, obtain third echo-signal, and third is returned
Wave signal maintains the attenuation characteristic of SAW device echo-signal and the constant amplitude characteristic of sinusoidal interference signal；
S4, pass through Signal separator detection method, detect the SAW device echo-signal in third echo-signal, and then obtain
To testing temperature.
According to your fragrant entropy theories, the echo-signal y (t) of the received SAW device of SAW readeroffTime domain entropy energy are as follows:
In formula: Subscript*To take conjugation；
Entropy energy size is inversely proportional with specific gravity of this SAW device echo-signal in total signal energy, for each
Echo-signal, amplitude is with τ0Time constant decaying:
In formula: A is the amplitude of echo-signal, ω0For the angular frequency of signal, Q is the quality factor of SAW device, and then
It arrives:
The signal of the determination acquired for one, signal gross energy P are constant, it is believed that and it is a constant, and then
It arrives:
According to Q=f0/Br, BrFor the bandwidth of operation of SAW device, and then obtain the entropy ENERGY E n of SAW device echo-signal
(t):
En (t)=4A1πBrt-A2+A3；
In formula: A1=log2E, A2=log2(A2), A3=log2P；
The slope of the entropy ENERGY E n (t) of SAW device echo-signal is 4A1πBr, bandwidth B with SAW devicerIt is related；In SAW
In the case that device determines, the bandwidth of SAW device is varied less, and can be approximately steady state value；
According to the characteristic of entropy ENERGY E n (t), SAW device echo-signal is isolated by entropy energy response decision criteria.
Entropy energy response decision criteria are as follows:
|Vfirst-Vsma|>Vthre；
In formula: VsmaFor entropy energy minima, VfirstFor VsmaFirst maximum afterwards, VthreFor threshold value；
When the entropy ENERGY E n (t) of measured signal meets entropy energy response decision criteria, measured signal is SAW device echo
Signal.
Fig. 2 is the echo-signal of the SAW resonator of a 435MHz, and Fig. 3 is the entropy energy of the signal, wherein VsmaFor entropy
Energy minima, VfirstFor first maximum after entropy energy minima.Signal entropy energy is in V as can be seen from Figure 3smaAfterwards
There is the process of a monotone increasing in face, in reaching Fig. 2 when noise signal level, i.e. VfirstWhen place, the monotone increasing of signal becomes
Gesture disappears.The uphill process of signal is the echo-signal for indicating to have at this time a decaying, therefore can pass through this uphill process
(VsmaAnd VfirstBetween) entropy energy variation characteristic judge whether signal effective.
However, many of working environment of SAW resonator sinusoidal interference signal, these sinusoidal interference signal meetings and SAW
Resonator echo-signal is blended together as first echo signal and is received by SAW reader, for frequency not in SAW resonator
Working band on interference signal can be removed by the method for filtering, to obtain second echo signal.But there are also parts
Interference signal and the same frequency range of SAW resonator bandwidth of operation, interference signal can not be filtered out simply by the method for filtering at this time.Though
So these are largely constant-amplitude signals with frequency sinusoidal interference, but since the white noise of channel can be such that the amplitude of sinusoidal interference becomes at random
Change, the concussion attenuation characteristic similar with SAW resonator echo-signal can be presented in part signal, if directlyed adopt at this time above-mentioned
Entropy energy method can cause erroneous detection to detect echo-signal.Therefore, it is necessary to carry out pretreatment to signal just to can be carried out the judgement of entropy energy.
Since SAW resonator echo-signal is signal of the frequency by measured modulation, the premise to echo signal processing is
The frequency of signal cannot be changed.Auto-correlation algorithm is that one kind can remove the algorithm that white noise is able to maintain original signal frequency again,
It is very suitable to the processing of echo-signal.Frequency is all that the sustained oscillation signal that 750kHz, signal-to-noise ratio are 8dB is shown in Fig. 5, concussion decaying
Signal is shown in Fig. 4.Auto-correlation processing is done to the two signals respectively, obtains sustained oscillation signal autocorrelation result and sees Fig. 6, concussion declines
Cut signal autocorrelation result is shown in Fig. 7.It can be found that signal its cyclophysis after auto-correlation processing is protected from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7
It holds, and most of noise is inhibited, but signal both sides are all in attenuation characteristic, are unfavorable for SAW echo detecting.
In order to make the sinusoidal signal influenced by white noise keep constant amplitude characteristic, while guaranteeing that the echo-signal of resonator is kept
Attenuation characteristic is shaken, auto-correlation algorithm is improved.2 signals are generated first, are respectively as follows:
x1(i)=y (i)off, i=1,2,3 ... N；
x2(j)=y (j)off, j=1,2,3 ... N/2；
In formula: y (i)offFor the resonator echo-signal of acquisition, N is resonator echo-signal length.Then available
The improved autocorrelation result that one length is N/2:
After improving auto-correlation algorithm processing, resonator echo-signal keeps concussion attenuation characteristic, sees that Fig. 8, sine are dry
Disturbing signal still is an approximate constant-amplitude signal, sees Figure 10.Then the two improved auto-correlation algorithms are acquired treated signal
Entropy energy, Fig. 9 are the entropy energy of resonator echo-signal, and Figure 11 is the entropy energy of sinusoidal interference signal.By improving auto-correlation
Algorithm obtains third echo-signal after handling second echo signal.
Entropy energy minima VsmaWith first maximum V after minimumfirstDifference be | Vfirst-Vsma|, pass through comparison
Fig. 9 and Figure 11 can be found that the two signals at this time | Vfirst-Vsma| value differs greatly, therefore, can be specific by setting
Threshold value VthreResonator echo-signal is detected, to go out SAW device detection of the backscatter signal in third echo-signal
Come, and then obtains to testing temperature.
To set SAW resonator detection of the backscatter signal threshold value Vthre, carried out emulation experiment.It is to frequency
Concussion deamplification and sustained oscillation signal when 750kHz signal-to-noise ratio is 8dB carry out 500 emulation, and white noise is randomly generated.
Figure 12 is concussion deamplification | Vfirst-Vsma| value；Figure 13 is sustained oscillation signal | Vfirst-Vsma| value.It can by comparison
To find, the two signals | Vfirst-Vsma| differ greatly.Therefore, suitable by setting | Vfirst-Vsma| value, so that it may
To distinguish decaying oscillator signal and sustained oscillation signal well.Meanwhile it concussion deamplification to different signal-to-noise ratio and waiting
Width oscillator signal has carried out 500 emulation experiments respectively, obtained the result is shown in Figure 14.It can be found that working as signal-to-noise ratio from Figure 14
SNR >=4dB, threshold value are set as Vthre=0.5 or VthreWhen=1, most decaying oscillator signal can be detected (SAWR times
86%) wave signal detection rating is greater than.When signal-to-noise ratio continues to reduce, since signal deteriorates, success rate rapid decrease is detected at this time.It is right
In sustained oscillation signal, when threshold value is set as Vthre=1 or Vthre=1.5, sustained oscillation signal detection is decaying oscillator signal
Probability is less than 0.5%.Threshold value V can be selected in actual usethre>=0.5 threshold value as SAW resonator detection of the backscatter signal.
One embodiment of the present of invention SAW Temperature Sensors device uses threshold value Vthre=1 is used as SAW resonator
The threshold value of detection of the backscatter signal, and test experience has been carried out to the embodiment.
Figure 15 be experiment in SAW reader acquisition 435MHz constant amplitude sinusoidal signal, 100 groups obtained | Vfirst-Vsma| value
Figure 16 is seen, it can be seen from the figure that working as threshold value VthreWhen=1, the constant amplitude sinusoidal signal of generation is detected as SAW resonator echo
The probability of signal is close to 0.
In addition, being detected to 100 groups of echo-signals of SAW resonator in Fig. 2 with above-mentioned detection method, obtain
Testing result is shown in Figure 17, it can be found that SAWR echo-signal from Figure 17 | Vfirst-Vsma| value both greater than 1.Then it carries out
There is the SAW detection of the backscatter signal of constant amplitude sinusoidal interference environment to test, the interval of signal inquiry is 10s.When the integral multiple in 50s
When, one is sent with frequency and the duration is greater than the constant amplitude sinusoidal signal in SAW reader queries period, and to 100 groups obtained
Signal is detected, the result is shown in Figure 18.From Figure 18 it can be found that obtained value is substantially all small from the integral multiple of testing time 5
In 1, this shows that algorithm of the invention can distinguish SAW echo-signal and constant amplitude sinusoidal interference well.But pass through 18 He of comparison chart
Figure 16 is it can be found that constant amplitude sinusoidal interference obtained in Figure 18 | Vfirst-Vsma| value is greater than Figure 16 | Vfirst-Vsma| value, and
Value at the 15th, 40,65 position is greater than 1, the reason is that the constant amplitude sinusoidal interference Signal averaging in Figure 18 has decaying to shake
SAW echo-signal is swung, signal is forced to have the attenuation characteristic of a very little, causes to receive signal | Vfirst-Vsma| value become larger.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method, which comprises the following steps:
S1, emit narrow pulse excitation signal to SAW device, after narrow pulse excitation signal transmitting stops, receiving the SAW device
First echo signal, the first echo signal includes the correct SAW device echo-signal that the SAW device returns；
S2, inhibited in received first echo signal according to the intrinsic frequency range of the SAW device echo-signal by filtering
The not signal in the intrinsic frequency range of the SAW device echo-signal, obtains second echo signal；
S3, the channel white noise that the second echo signal is removed by auto-correlation algorithm, obtain third echo-signal, and described
Three echo-signals maintain the attenuation characteristic of the SAW device echo-signal and the constant amplitude characteristic of sinusoidal interference signal；
S4, pass through Signal separator detection method, detect the SAW device echo-signal in the third echo-signal, in turn
It obtains to testing temperature.
2. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S1
In the SAW device include SAW resonator.
3. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S1
In for receive the first echo signal be SAW reader.
4. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S3
In auto-correlation algorithm be improved auto-correlation algorithm, include the following steps:
S3.1,2 signals are generated first, be respectively as follows:
x1(i)=y (i)off, i=1,2,3 ... N；
x2(j)=y (j)off, j=1,2,3 ... N/2；
In formula: y (i)offFor the resonator echo-signal of acquisition, N is the resonator echo-signal length；
S3.2, the improved autocorrelation result that a length is N/2 is obtained:
5. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the step S4
In Signal separator detection method be entropy energy measuring method.
6. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the entropy energy
Detection method includes the following steps:
S4.1, according to your fragrant entropy theories, the received SAW device echo-signal y (t) of SAW readeroffTime domain entropy
Energy are as follows:
In formula:P=∑ P (t), subscript * are to take conjugation；
S4.2, according to the step S4.1 medium entropy energy size and the point SAW device echo-signal in total signal energy
Specific gravity be inversely proportional, for each echo-signal, amplitude is with τ0Time constant decaying:
In formula: A is the amplitude of echo-signal, ω0For the angular frequency of signal, Q is the quality factor of the SAW device, and then
It arrives:
The signal of the determination acquired for one, signal gross energy P are constant, it is believed that are a constants, and then obtain:
S4.3, according to Q=f0/Br, BrFor the bandwidth of operation of the SAW device, and then obtain the SAW device echo-signal
Entropy ENERGY E n (t):
En (t)=4A1πBrt-A2+A3；
In formula: A1=log2E, A2=log2(A2), A3=log2P；
The slope of the entropy ENERGY E n (t) of the SAW device echo-signal is 4A1πBr, bandwidth B with the SAW devicerIt is related；
In the case where the SAW device determines, the bandwidth of the SAW device is varied less, and can be approximately steady state value；
S4.4, according to the characteristic of the entropy ENERGY E n (t), the SAW device is isolated by entropy energy response decision criteria and is returned
Wave signal.
7. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the step
The entropy energy response decision criteria in S4.4 are as follows:
|Vfirst-Vsma|>Vthre；
In formula: VsmaFor entropy energy minima, VfirstFor VsmaFirst maximum afterwards, VthreFor threshold value；
When the entropy ENERGY E n (t) of measured signal meets entropy energy response decision criteria, the measured signal is the SAW device
Echo-signal.
8. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the entropy energy
The threshold value V of characteristic decision criteriathreMore than or equal to 0.5.
9. using a kind of sound surface of any one SAW Temperature Sensors anti-interference method according to claims 1-8
Wave temp sensor device, which is characterized in that the SAW Temperature Sensors device includes SAW device and SAW reader.
10. a kind of SAW Temperature Sensors device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the surface acoustic wave temperature
The operating mode for spending sensor is wireless mode.
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