CN108119764A - Time reversal adaptive mesh gas pipeline leak hunting method - Google Patents
Time reversal adaptive mesh gas pipeline leak hunting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108119764A CN108119764A CN201711435965.3A CN201711435965A CN108119764A CN 108119764 A CN108119764 A CN 108119764A CN 201711435965 A CN201711435965 A CN 201711435965A CN 108119764 A CN108119764 A CN 108119764A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/18—Network design, e.g. design based on topological or interconnect aspects of utility systems, piping, heating ventilation air conditioning [HVAC] or cabling
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of time reversal adaptive mesh gas pipeline leak hunting methods, positioning resolution is reduced first, and carry out the sizing grid of adaptive definite different zones by calculating the distribution of signal energy under low positioning resolution, so as to obtain need to calculate be positioned to picture region point.Being positioned to of need to calculating be the method significantly reduce as region point quantity, reduce and calculate the time.Compared with prior art, the present invention positions imaging resolution by reducing, to carry out the adaptive division of grid.Ensure nontarget area, using big mesh generation, be positioned to reducing as calculating point quantity.Target area is divided using small grid, to ensure correctly imaging positioning target.By this adaptive mesh generation, calculation amount can be effectively reduced while ensure to be positioned to the correctness of picture.Therefore, which can realize the low cost of long distance gas transmission pipeline leakage, fast and accurately position Imaging: Monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of industry detection more particularly to a kind of time reversal adaptive mesh gas pipeline leak detection sides
Method.
Background technology
Gas pipeline can generate negative pressure wave signal when leaking, and capture the signal by using piezoelectric transducer, and use
Algorithm is handled, and can obtain the location information of the leakage point.But when to leak position be positioned to as calculating,
It needs to carry out mesh generation to imaging region, to determine the positioning imaging point to be calculated.But if the grid of division is too
Greatly, then leak position may fall between two adjacent positioned imaging region points, and positioning imaging results can miss leak position.Such as
Fruit is ensures to detect leakage point, using smaller grid, then when being monitored to coarse scale structures, it is necessary to calculate substantial amounts of
It is positioned to as region point, computationally intensive, the time of consuming is long, has so both been unfavorable for monitoring in real time, it is also desirable to expensive high-performance
Computing device；
Gas pipeline leak detection technology can be divided into：Infrared imaging appendix leak hunting technology, leakage field appendix leak detection skill
Art, distribution type fiber-optic leak hunting technology, suction wave appendix leak hunting technology.
Chang Jinglong describes a kind of infrared imaging appendix leak hunting technology, and specific method is to load precision with helicopter
Infrared pick-up instrument, moved along appendix, record gas pipeline around irregular ground thermoradiation efficiency, utilize spectrum divide
Analysis detection is to determine whether occurring pipe leakage and determining the specific location of leakage.This method carries instrument using transit equipment
Mobile monitoring, therefore, monitoring cost are expensive, and can not realize real-time monitoring.
Huang Hui describes leakage field appendix leak hunting technology.The magnetic line of force caused by the defect meeting that metallic conduit leakage generates is let out
Leakage, the technology detect stray field by being close to the probe of tube wall, and judgement is the no existing defects of pipeline.Only on metallic conduit
The magnetic line of force is generated, therefore, to nonmetallic appendix, this method can not be monitored effectively.
Chen Zhigang carries out the leak detection of gas pipeline using distribution type fiber-optic leak hunting technology.The technology is large-scale along pipeline
Optical fiber is laid with, by the use of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG as sensor, strain signal of the natural gas line along journey is obtained, by acquirement
The analysis and processing of signal can detect the position of gas pipeline leakage.Since optical fiber cost is higher, managed for long range
, it is necessary to be laid with a large amount of optical fiber, cost is too high in road.
Horse holt describes suction wave appendix leak hunting technology.The technology utilizes the pressure sensing mounted on pipe ends
Device detects the negative pressure fluctuation signal generated during gas pipeline leakage, and the time difference of suction wave is received according to both ends, comes
Determine the specific location of pipe leakage.Although this method can realize real-time monitoring, (generally believe when determining leakage region
Number -3dB regions), to ensure to obtain accurately as a result, it is desirable to calculate the more anchor point that needs, therefore calculation amount is larger.
All things considered, most of leak detection methods can not realize inexpensive, quick real time leak monitoring.
For the leak detection of suction wave appendix, time reversal imaging location technology one kind imaging technique can realize leaking area
Domain is positioned to picture.But such method is when be positioned to as calculating, it is necessary to mesh generation be carried out to imaging region, with true
Surely the positioning imaging point that calculated.But if the grid of division is too big, the object positioned may fall adjacent at two
It is positioned to as between region point, positioning imaging results can miss target.Target is detected if guarantee, need to use smaller net
Lattice, then when carrying out imaging positioning to the target in coarse scale structures, it is necessary to calculate substantial amounts of be positioned to as region point, calculation amount
Greatly, the time of consuming is long, has so both been unfavorable for monitoring in real time, it is also desirable to expensive high-capability computing device.
For example, Mehmet E.Yavuz have studied ultra-wideband time inversion imaging technology.In imaging, use grid big
It is small：1.37cm divides imaging space.The only imaging space of 2.5m*2.5m, it is necessary to calculate 33489 grids.So
Calculation amount need substantial amounts of to calculate time and high performance computing device.
Gang Shi have studied time reversal imaging location algorithm, when carrying out imaging positioning using this method, to ensure into
Work(positions target, is 0.1cm by precision setting, i.e., sizing grid is 0.1cm.Therefore, imaging meter is carried out in the region to 2m*2m
, it is necessary to calculate up to 4,000,000 points during calculation.It calculates and takes very much.
In the high resolution time inversion imaging method that Tien-Hao Liao are introduced, since resolution ratio is higher, net
Lattice divide also smaller.Sizing grid in its imaging space is 1mm, as soon as only calculating the very little region of 45cm*40cm, is needed
Calculate 180,000 mesh points.
X.Zhu carries out imaging positioning using time reversal technology to Buried objects.Need imaging position space size be
2.4m*0.9m sizing grid 0.3cm.This means this, and it needs to calculate 240,000 mesh points.
The time reversal localization method that Matthieu Rupin are introduced, mesh width 2cm, this causes, only the super material of observation
Expecting the region (20cm*75cm) of distribution just needs 380 grids, if monitoring entire aluminium sheet (2m*1.5m), needs 7500
Grid, calculation amount are very big.
It can be seen that due to target area Location-Unknown, not miss target, conventional method has to take small grid
Imaging region is divided, this so that imaging calculation amount is very big.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that solve the above-mentioned problems and provides a kind of time reversal adaptive mesh appendix
Road leak hunting method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose：
The present invention comprises the following steps：
(1) orientation range of leakage region is expanded；When grid is bigger, location Calculation easily omits leakage region；It is anti-
Leakage region is only missed, by reducing resolution ratio so that the entire monitoring region of leakage region (- 3dB regions or) covering；Specifically do
Method：According to formula (1)-(13), the output signal expression for monitoring pipe ends is obtained；The output signal for making the both ends is maximum
Value is equal to 0.707* (max [x (r1,rL,t)]+max[x(r2,rL, t)]), i.e., entirely monitor the 0.707 of region maximum signal level
Again, the size of two corresponding p values, i.e. p1 and p2 is calculated；The minimum value in p1 and p2 is taken, is adaptively drawn for planning grid
Time reversal time resolution Tuning function s used in timesharing12(t)；
(2) initial mesh size is set；
(3) using the sizing grid division monitoring region set, with location Calculation point needed for acquisition, and record and store this
The position put a bit；
(4) according to formula (1)-(13), the output signal maximum of each location Calculation point is calculated；
(5) judge whether spiking output value is (max [x (r in each location Calculation point in the region1,rL,t)]+max
[x(r2,rL,t)])；If identical, monitoring region mesh generation is completed, exports the location Calculation point position of storage；If it is different, it then contracts
Small grid, also, centered on monitoring that existing spiking output value in region is corresponding and calculate point position is new with twice of covering
The region of sizing grid repeats step (3)-(5) as new monitoring region；
After having divided grid, the maximum output at location Calculation point has been deposited using traditional time reversal location technology calculating
Signal value, i.e.,
Wherein, h 'c(rn,rk, t) and=δ (t-tn,k,c), it is from rkTo rnImpulse response；
Due to using the adaptive division of grid, efficiently avoiding the high-density gridding division of non-leakage region, greatly
Ground reduces the required quantity for calculating point, shortens the time of calculating, improves the efficiency of positioning.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is a kind of time reversal adaptive mesh gas pipeline leak hunting method, compared with prior art, the present invention
Imaging resolution is positioned by reducing, to carry out the adaptive division of grid.Ensure nontarget area, using big mesh generation,
It is positioned to reducing as calculating point quantity.Target area is divided using small grid, to ensure correctly imaging positioning mesh
Mark.By this adaptive mesh generation, calculation amount can be effectively reduced while ensure to be positioned to the correctness of picture.Cause
This, which can realize the low cost of long distance gas transmission pipeline leakage, fast and accurately position Imaging: Monitoring.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the time reversal adaptive mesh gas pipeline leak hunting method flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the test structure figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the new method of the present invention and conventional method location Calculation result.
In Fig. 3：a：The imaging positioning result of leakage point L1, b：The imaging positioning result of leakage point L2, c：Leakage point L3's
It is imaged positioning result.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Two piezoelectric transducers, i.e. piezoelectric transducer 1 and piezoelectric transducer 2 are disposed at the both ends of gas pipeline, for examining
Survey the negative pressure wave signal generated during leakage.If leakage point is located at rL, negative pressure wave signal caused by leakage is e (rL,t).If
rLAnd rnBetween channel impulse response function be
hm(rn,rL, t) and=an,L,mδ(t-tn,L,m) (1)
Wherein, an,L,mFor rLAnd rnBetween signal attenuation coefficient, δ (t-tn,L,m) for impulse signal, tn,L,mFor negative pressure
Ripple is in rLAnd rnBetween propagation time, symbol " m " represent respective function pass through measure obtain.
Then, positioned at rnThe negative pressure wave signal that receives of the n sensors be expressed as,
x(rn,rL, t) and=e (rL,t)*hm(rn,rL,t)*δ(t-TL) (2)
Wherein, " * " represents convolution, TLThe time occurred for leakage.
A kind of time reversal time resolution Tuning function is proposed for adjusting the positioning resolution of leakage point, was designed
Journey is as follows：
1) 2 gained leakage negative pressure wave signal of piezoelectric transducer carries out time reversal computing, obtains
x(r1,rL,-t) and=e (rL,-t)*hm(r1,rL,-t)*δ(-t+TL) (3)
2) by the time reversal signal of piezoelectric transducer 2, carry out convolution with 1 signal of piezoelectric transducer and obtain
Y (t)=x (r1,rL,t)*x(r2,rL,-t)
=e (rL,t)*e(rL,-t)*a1,L,ma2,L,mδ(t-t1,L,m+t2,L,m) (4)
3) by 1 gained negative pressure wave signal of piezoelectric transducer carry out time reversal computing, and with the original signal of piezoelectric transducer 1
Convolution is carried out to obtain
Y'(t)=x (r1,rL,t)*x(r1,rL,-t)
=e (rL,t)*e(rL,-t)*a1,L,ma1,L,mδ(t) (5)
4) the Fourier transformation Y (ω) and Fourier transformation Y'(ω y'(t) of y (t) is calculated), with Y (ω) divided by Y'(ω)
It arrives
H'1,L,2(ω)=Y (ω)/Y'(ω) (6)
5) to H'1,L,2(ω) carries out inversefouriertransform and obtains,
6) to formula (7) normalized, and its time delay is expanded to p times, obtains the adjustment of time reversal time resolution
Function s12(t), i.e.
s12(t)=δ (t-p × t1,L,m+p×t2,L,m) (8)
Utilize s12(t), following processing is done respectively to the original signal received by two sensors,
x'(r1,rL, t) and=x (r1,rL,t)*s12(-t)
=e (rL,t)*a1,L,mδ(t-t1,L,m-TL+p×t1,L,m-p×t2,L,m)
=e (rL,t)*a1,L,mδ(t-TL+(p-1)×t1,L,m-p×t2,L,m) (9)
x'(r2,rL, t) and=x (r2,rL,t)*s12(t)
=e (rL,t)*a2,L,mδ(t-TL-p×t1,L,m+(p-1)×t2,L,m) (10)
For new signal x'(r1,rL, t) and x'(r2,rL, t), design corresponding positioning background function.For rk, x'(r1,
rL, t) positioning background function be
hc(r1,rk, t) and=δ (t+ (p-1) × t1,k,c-p×t2,k,c) (11)
For rk, x'(r2,rL, t) positioning background function be
hc(r2,rk, t) and=δ (t+ (p-1) × t2,k,c-p×t1,k,c) (12)
In formula (11) and (12), t1,k,cIt is negative pressure wave in rkAnd r1Between propagation time, t2,k,cIt is negative pressure wave in rk
And r2Between propagation time.Symbol " c " represents respective function and is obtained by calculating.
Finally, to x'(r1,rL, t) and x'(r2,rL, t) and time reversal processing is carried out, and it is defeated by being calculated with minor function
Each position point spiking output value in feed channel,
Consider the point r on pipelinez, tn,z,cIt is negative pressure wave in rzAnd rnBetween propagation time, and arrange be tn,z,c
=tn,L,c+Δtn,z,L.The maximum signal level of the point is obtained in t ", can be obtained by formula (13),
Io(rz)=Max (a1,L,me(rL,-t)*δ(t+TL+(p-1)Δt1,z,L-pΔt2,z,L)
+a2,L,me(rL,-t)*δ(t+TL+(p-1)Δt2,z,L-pΔt1,z,L))
=a1,L,me(rL,-t”-TL-(p-1)Δt1,z,L+pΔt2,z,L)+a2,L,me(rL,-t”-TL-(p-1)Δ
t2,z,L+pΔt1,z,L) (14)
Since two sensors are located at the both ends of pipeline, point rzClose to wherein one end, then can equidistant separate other end,
Therefore can obtain, Δ t1,z,L=-Δ t2,z,L.Institute's above formula can be expressed as again
Io(rz)=a1,L,me(rL,-t”-TL-(2p-1)Δt1,z,L)+a2,L,me(rL,-t”-TL+(2p-1)Δt1,z,L)
(15)
By above formula it can be seen that, two signal component a in formula (15)1,L,me(rL,-t”-TL-(2p-1)Δt1,z,L)
And a2,L,me(rL,-t”-TL+(2p-1)t1,z,L) between time interval be (4p-2) Δ t1,z,L.Moreover, (4p-2) Δ t1,z,L
Increase with the increase of p, i.e. two signal component times in formula (15) are upper at a distance of more and more remote.Also, for leakage
The negative pressure wave signal of generation, signal value are decayed from peak value moment to both sides.Above-mentioned two factor causes, two in formula (15)
A signal component is also less and less in the signal value for overlapping the moment, thus brings, and the value after superposition is also becoming smaller.So as to drop
Low spot rzOutput signal value Io(rz), i.e., resolution ratio improves.Conversely, reducing p value, point r can be improvedzOutput signal value, leakage
- 3dB the regions of point become larger, and reduce resolution ratio.Therefore, we can extend the leakage region being calculated and cover by reducing p value
The scope of lid.
2) it is division adaptive mesh, on the basis of above-mentioned formula theory, proposes following methods, as shown in Figure 1：
(1) orientation range of leakage region is expanded.When grid is bigger, location Calculation easily omits leakage region.It is anti-
Leakage region is only missed, by reducing resolution ratio so that the entire monitoring region of leakage region (- 3dB regions or) covering.Specifically do
Method：According to formula (1)-(13), the output signal expression for monitoring pipe ends is obtained；The output signal for making the both ends is maximum
Value is equal to 0.707* (max [x (r1,rL,t)]+max[x(r2,rL, t)]), i.e., entirely monitor the 0.707 of region maximum signal level
Again, the size of two corresponding p values, i.e. p1 and p2 is calculated.The minimum value in p1 and p2 is taken, is adaptively drawn for planning grid
Time reversal time resolution Tuning function s used in timesharing12(t)。
(2) initial mesh size is set；
(3) using the sizing grid division monitoring region set, with location Calculation point needed for acquisition, and record and store this
The position put a bit；
(4) according to formula (1)-(13), the output signal maximum of each location Calculation point is calculated；
(5) judge whether spiking output value is (max [x (r in each location Calculation point in the region1,rL,t)]+max
[x(r2,rL,t)])；If identical, monitoring region mesh generation is completed, exports the location Calculation point position of storage；If it is different, it then contracts
Small grid, also, centered on monitoring that existing spiking output value in region is corresponding and calculate point position is new with twice of covering
The region of sizing grid repeats step (3)-(5) as new monitoring region；
After having divided grid, using traditional time reversal location technology (such as document Ing R K, Quieffin N,
Catheline S,Fink M 2005Solid localization of finger impacts using acoustic
Described in time-reversal process Appl.Phys.Lett.87204104) it calculates and has deposited at location Calculation point most
Big output signal value, i.e.,
Wherein, h 'c(rn,rk, t) and=δ (t-tn,k,c), it is from rkTo rnImpulse response.
Due to using the adaptive division of grid, efficiently avoiding the high-density gridding division of non-leakage region, greatly
Ground reduces the required quantity for calculating point, shortens the time of calculating, improves the efficiency of positioning.Experimental verification
Applicant is applied and has been verified to new method by experiment.One full-scale gas transmission PVC pipeline model is such as
Shown in Fig. 2, overall length 55.8m is made of the short tube of the long tube of 6 section 9.1m, ten 90 degree of adapters and five section 0.2m.Two pressures
Electric transducer is placed on the both ends outer wall of pipeline.Two sensors are remote apart from starting point 1.52m and 54.08m respectively.On pipeline
Three leak valves controlled manually are respectively apart from starting point 6.14m, 15.55m and 43.47m.Using air compressor to pipeline into
Row gas transmission, and pressure is monitored with voltage stabilizing meter, cause danger to prevent pressure is excessive.Gas pipeline is simulated by opening valve
Leakage, and negative pressure wave signal is captured with the piezoelectric transducer at both ends.
For new method, during adaptive mesh is divided, use is arranged below.Initial monitor localization region is arranged to
60 meters, initial mesh size is the half of initial monitor area size.Each sizing grid update, the size of new grid are
The half of a preceding sizing grid.
For traditional time reversal localization method, for obtain with the same maximum value position of new method, by sizing grid
It is arranged to minimum new method sizing grid.
Table 1 is the mesh generation situation of Conventional temporal inverting localization method, calculates points and calculate the time.Form 2 is new
The mesh generation situation of method, the specific location for calculating point and calculating time.From two table comparisons, it can be seen that, new method is most
It only needs to calculate the situation that 35 anchor points can obtain leak position, including position and -3dB sizes, moreover, leaking area at three
The calculating time in domain is respectively：5.608 seconds, 5.51 seconds, 5.432 seconds, it is less to calculate the time.Review Conventional temporal inverting positioning side
Method, to get the minimum grid in new method, at three the location Calculation points of leakage region be respectively necessary for reaching 65536,
33334 and 33334, calculate the time be respectively：666.25 second, 336.111 seconds and 319.29 seconds.It can be with by the two comparison
See, conventional method is far superior on the calculating time of new method and calculation amount.
1 Conventional temporal inverting localization method location Calculation situation of table
| Leakage point | L1 | L2 | L3 |
| The sizing grid (i.e. the minimum grid of new method) of division | 0.00091553 meter | 0.0018 meter | 0.00091553 meter |
| The time required to calculating (second) | 666.250 | 336.111s | 319.290 |
| The number of grid (a) of calculating | 65536 | 33334 | 33334 |
2 time reversal adaptive mesh gas pipeline leak hunting method calculated case of form
Fig. 3 is the imaging positioning result of two methods.From the figure, it can be seen that although new method anchor point quantity is more traditional
Method quantity is few very much, but since new method anchor point is mainly distributed on leakage region, the result of calculation of leak position
It is identical with the result of conventional method.This explanation, new method remain on while calculation amount and Reduction Computation time is reduced
With conventional method similar in calculate positioning result.
Basic principle of the invention and main feature and advantages of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of time reversal adaptive mesh gas pipeline leak hunting method, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：
(1) orientation range of leakage region is expanded；When grid is bigger, location Calculation easily omits leakage region；To prevent mistake
Leakage region is lost, by reducing resolution ratio so that the entire monitoring region of leakage region (- 3dB regions or) covering；Specific practice：
According to formula (1)-(13), the output signal expression for monitoring pipe ends is obtained；Make the output signal maximum at the both ends
Equal to 0.707* (max [x (r1,rL,t)]+max[x(r2,rL, t)]), i.e., 0.707 times of entire monitoring region maximum signal level,
Calculate the size of two corresponding p values, i.e. p1 and p2；The minimum value in p1 and p2 is taken, is adaptively divided for planning grid
The time reversal time resolution Tuning function s of Shi Suoyong12(t)；
(2) initial mesh size is set；
(3) using the sizing grid division monitoring region set, with location Calculation point needed for acquisition, and record and store these points
Position；
(4) according to formula (1)-(13), the output signal maximum of each location Calculation point is calculated；
(5) judge whether spiking output value is (max [x (r in each location Calculation point in the region1,rL,t)]+max[x
(r2,rL,t)])；If identical, monitoring region mesh generation is completed, exports the location Calculation point position of storage；If it is different, it then reduces
Grid, also, centered on monitoring that existing spiking output value in region is corresponding and calculate point position, to cover twice of new net
The region of lattice size repeats step (3)-(5) as new monitoring region；
After having divided grid, the spiking output at location Calculation point has been deposited using traditional time reversal location technology calculating
Value, i.e.,
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Wherein, h 'c(rn,rk, t) and=δ (t-tn,k,c), it is from rkTo rnImpulse response；
Due to using the adaptive division of grid, efficiently avoiding the high-density gridding division of non-leakage region, greatly subtracting
Lack the required quantity for calculating point, shortened the time of calculating, improve the efficiency of positioning.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115796453A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Municipal sewer pipeline manhole cover exhaust effect assessment method |
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