CN102279780A - Control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication - Google Patents
Control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102279780A CN102279780A CN201110176607A CN201110176607A CN102279780A CN 102279780 A CN102279780 A CN 102279780A CN 201110176607 A CN201110176607 A CN 201110176607A CN 201110176607 A CN201110176607 A CN 201110176607A CN 102279780 A CN102279780 A CN 102279780A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- master control
- cabinet
- module
- switching
- computer case
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention relates to a control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication. In the method, two master control computer cases A and B and a switching computer case are used as a main body, an optical fiber is used as a transmission medium, when the master control computer case A or the master control computer case B goes wrong, the master control computer case A and the master control computer case B are redundant for each other, the redundancy switching can be carried out through the switching computer case; and for strictly controlling the cycle synchronization of the master control computer case A, the master control computer case B and the switching computer case, the switching computer case can generate a synchronous signal and respectively send the signal to the master control computer case A and the master control computer case B, and then the master control computer case A and the master control computer case B can control the operation of the system based on the synchronous signal. The advantages of the invention are as follows: when one master control computer case goes wrong, the system can be switched to another master control computer case and can continually and stably operate under the control of the master control computer case in a working state; and meanwhile, the master control computer cases can be independently powered down so as to maintain one of the master control computer cases, thus stability and reliability of a control system can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication.
Background technology
Continuous development along with Power Electronic Technique, the equipment of power drive and quality of power supply aspect constantly develops with the high capacity aspect to high-power, the performance of the control system of these equipment also requires more and more higher, and the redundancy of control system is switched and Hot Spare has demand and bright development prospect widely.General redundancy control system is a master control integrated circuit board of plugging two identical functions in a cabinet at present, and this redundant switching has the power down of being not easy to and safeguards, is easy to the shortcoming that two master control integrated circuit boards break down simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication, this redundancy switching method utilizes high speed serial communication that A, B master control cabinet are connected to the switching cabinet, the redundancy that realizes A, B master control cabinet is switched, make under the situation that A master control cabinet breaks down, system switches to B master control cabinet, and under the control of B master control cabinet, can continue stable operation, and one of them master control cabinet is safeguarded in power down separately, has improved the reliability and stability of control system greatly.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication, based on two master control cabinets of A, B with switch cabinet, be transmission medium with optical fiber, when A master control cabinet or B master control cabinet break down, two master control cabinets of A, B are redundant each other, carry out the redundancy switching by switching cabinet; In order to make A, B master control cabinet and switching cabinet have strict control cycle synchronous, switch cabinet and can produce a synchronizing signal, and send to A, B master control cabinet respectively, A, B master control cabinet are that benchmark carries out system's control operation with this synchronizing signal;
Described main control computer case comprises master control borad, expansion board, backboard, and master control borad is handled the core control algolithm; Expansion board is the master control cabinet and switch the interface that cabinet carries out exchanges data, and expansion board is provided with and connects the high-rate laser transceiver module that switches cabinet, and backboard is used for to each integrated circuit board power supply of master control cabinet and is used for data communication between master control borad and the expansion board;
Described switching machine case comprises switch boards, backboard and performance element functional cards, switch boards is the interface that this switching cabinet and A, B master control cabinet carry out exchanges data, switch boards is provided with two high-rate laser transceiver modules, connects the high-rate laser transceiver module on the expansion board of A, B master control cabinet respectively; Backboard is used for to switching each integrated circuit board power supply of cabinet and being used for data communication between switch boards and each functional cards; Functional cards is the performance element of control system, as the digital quantity input and output, and the analog quantity input and output.
Described master control cabinet expansion board comprises high-rate laser transceiver module, FPGA control module, SerDes module, optic fiber transceiver module, the high-rate laser transceiver module is used for the master control cabinet and switches the mutual communication of cabinet, the FPGA control module is used to realize the steering logic of SerDes module and high-rate laser transceiver module and the parallel data bus line of reading and writing the SerDes module, carries out serial data transmission by high-speed differential signal between SerDes module and the high-rate laser transceiver module; Optic fiber transceiver module is used to receive the control cycle synchronizing signal of switching the cabinet switch boards, is used to guarantee the master control cabinet and switches cabinet work under unified control cycle.
Described switching cabinet switch boards comprises two high-rate laser transceiver modules, FPGA control module, two SerDes modules, two optical fiber sending modules, two high-rate laser transceiver modules are respectively applied for and switch cabinet and two mutual communications of master control cabinet of A, B, the FPGA control module is used to realize SerDes module and the steering logic of corresponding high-rate laser transceiver module and the parallel data bus line of read-write SerDes module, carries out serial data transmission by high-speed differential signal between SerDes module and the corresponding high-rate laser transceiver module; The optical fiber sending module is used to send the control cycle synchronizing signal of switching the cabinet switch boards, is used to guarantee two master control cabinets of A, B and switches cabinet work under unified control cycle.
Described is the high speed serial communication of medium with optical fiber, can also be parallel data communication, and wireless data communication or other cable are the serial communication of medium.
The device of the redundant switch logic of described realization is example with FPGA, but is not limited to FPGA, can also be CPLD, single-chip microcomputer, ARM, DSP and PowerPC.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
This redundancy switching method utilizes high speed serial communication that A, B master control cabinet are connected to the switching cabinet, the redundancy that realizes A, B master control cabinet is switched, make under the situation that A master control cabinet breaks down, system switches to B master control cabinet, and under the control of B master control cabinet, can continue stable operation, and one of them master control cabinet is safeguarded in power down separately, has improved the reliability and stability of control system greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a main control computer box function synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a switching machine box function synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a master control cabinet expansion board functional schematic;
Fig. 4 is for switching cabinet switch boards functional schematic;
Fig. 5 is A, B master control cabinet and switches the cabinet connection diagram;
Fig. 6 is sent to B master control cabinet synoptic diagram for the running status of A master control cabinet;
Fig. 7 is A, control system was carried out A master control cabinet order synoptic diagram when B master control cabinet was normal;
Fig. 8 switches to B master control cabinet synoptic diagram for control system after the A master control cabinet miscommunication.
Embodiment
See Fig. 5-Fig. 8, a kind of control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication, based on two master control cabinets of A, B and switching cabinet, with optical fiber is transmission medium, when A master control cabinet or B master control cabinet break down, two master control cabinets of A, B are redundant each other, carry out the redundancy switching by switching cabinet; In order to make A, B master control cabinet and switching cabinet have strict control cycle synchronous, switch cabinet and can produce a synchronizing signal, and send to A, B master control cabinet respectively, A, B master control cabinet are that benchmark carries out system's control operation with this synchronizing signal.
See Fig. 1, the main control computer case comprises master control borad, expansion board, backboard, and master control borad is handled the core control algolithm; Expansion board is the master control cabinet and switch the interface that cabinet carries out exchanges data, and expansion board is provided with and connects the high-rate laser transceiver module that switches cabinet, and backboard is used for to each integrated circuit board power supply of master control cabinet and is used for data communication between master control borad and the expansion board;
See Fig. 2, the switching machine case comprises switch boards, backboard and performance element functional cards, switch boards is the interface that this switching cabinet and A, B master control cabinet carry out exchanges data, switch boards is provided with two high-rate laser transceiver modules, connects the high-rate laser transceiver module on the expansion board of A, B master control cabinet respectively; Backboard is used for to switching each integrated circuit board power supply of cabinet and being used for data communication between switch boards and each functional cards; Functional cards is the performance element of control system, as the digital quantity input and output, and the analog quantity input and output.
See Fig. 3, master control cabinet expansion board comprises high-rate laser transceiver module, FPGA control module, SerDes module, optic fiber transceiver module, the high-rate laser transceiver module is used for the master control cabinet and switches the mutual communication of cabinet, the FPGA control module is used to realize the steering logic of SerDes module and high-rate laser transceiver module and the parallel data bus line of reading and writing the SerDes module, carries out serial data transmission by high-speed differential signal between SerDes module and the high-rate laser transceiver module; Optic fiber transceiver module is used to receive the control cycle synchronizing signal of switching the cabinet switch boards, is used to guarantee the master control cabinet and switches cabinet work under unified control cycle.
See Fig. 4, switch the cabinet switch boards and comprise high-rate laser transceiver module 0, high-rate laser transceiver module 1, FPGA control module, SerDes module 0, SerDes module 1, optical fiber sending module 0, optical fiber sending module 1, high-rate laser transceiver module 0 is used to switch cabinet and the mutual communication of A master control cabinet, and high-rate laser transceiver module 1 is used to switch cabinet and the mutual communication of B master control cabinet; The FPGA control module is used to realize SerDes module and the steering logic of corresponding high-rate laser transceiver module and the parallel data bus line of read-write SerDes module, carries out serial data transmission by high-speed differential signal between SerDes module and the corresponding high-rate laser transceiver module; Optical fiber sending module 0, optical fiber sending module 1 are used to send the control cycle synchronizing signal of switching the cabinet switch boards, are used to guarantee two master control cabinets of A, B and switch cabinet work under unified control cycle.
Described redundancy switching method can be that the system failure automaticallyes switch, and also can be artificial initiatively switching.The system failure comprises power fail, master control integrated circuit board CPU software fault, integrated circuit board hardware fault, fiber failure etc.
Described high speed serial communication is to realize by this four part of FPGA control module, SerDes module, high-rate laser transceiver module and high speed fibre.FPGA is used to realize the steering logic of SerDes module and senior laser module, and the parallel data bus line of read-write SerDes module; Carry out serial data transmission by high-speed differential signal between SerDes module and the high-rate laser transceiver module; High-rate laser transceiver module between A, B master control cabinet and the expansion cabinet carries out data transmission by high speed fibre.
Described redundant the switching is meant that A, B master control cabinet are redundant each other, and when A master control cabinet breaks down, then control system switches to B master control cabinet, and continues stable operation under the control of B master control cabinet; When B master control cabinet breaks down, then control system switches to A master control cabinet, and continues stable operation under the control of A master control cabinet.Handoff functionality is realized by the switch boards of switching cabinet, A, B master control cabinet all can transmit control signal to switch boards at each control cycle, status information and other data, if mistake appears in control signal or a N continuous periodic Control does not have data distributing, switch cabinet so and will carry out the redundancy switching; Switch boards also can be carried out the active switching command of A, the transmission of B master control cabinet.
The data transmission of redundant handover control system is divided into upstream data output and downlink data transmission.Transmitting uplink data is to send to the master control cabinet by switching cabinet, and downlink data transmission is to send to the switching cabinet by the master control cabinet.The A master control cabinet of redundant handover control system need be known the running status of B master control cabinet, and B master control cabinet need be known the running status of A master control cabinet.A master control cabinet downlinks to switch boards with running status, and switch boards transmits upstream to B master control cabinet with A master control cabinet running status again; B master control cabinet passes to running status A master control cabinet in the same way.A, B master control cabinet all can be transferred to switch boards with data downstream such as control signals at each control cycle, and the data of choosing A or B master control cabinet by switch boards send to each performance element again; Each control cycle, performance element can turn back to switch boards with information such as system states, and switch boards turns back to A, B master control cabinet respectively with these information, and A, B master control cabinet promptly can be received information such as same system state and handle.
Redundant handover control system is to work under system's control cycle of strictness, in order to make A, B master control cabinet and switching cabinet have strict control cycle synchronous, switch cabinet and can produce a synchronizing signal, and sending to A, B master control cabinet respectively, A, B master control cabinet are that benchmark carries out system's control operation with this synchronizing signal.
The present embodiment redundancy control system is that the high speed serial communication of medium is an example with optical fiber, but to be not limited to optical fiber be the high speed serial communication of medium, and it comprises parallel data communication, and wireless data communication and cable are the serial communication of medium.
The redundant handover control system of present embodiment realizes that the device of redundant switch logic is example with FPGA, but is not limited to FPGA, can also be CPLD, single-chip microcomputer, ARM, DSP and PowerPC.
Claims (5)
1. control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication, it is characterized in that, based on two master control cabinets of A, B and switching cabinet, with optical fiber is transmission medium, when A master control cabinet or B master control cabinet break down, two master control cabinets of A, B are redundant each other, carry out the redundancy switching by switching cabinet; In order to make A, B master control cabinet and switching cabinet have strict control cycle synchronous, switch cabinet and can produce a synchronizing signal, and send to A, B master control cabinet respectively, A, B master control cabinet are that benchmark carries out system's control operation with this synchronizing signal;
Described main control computer case comprises master control borad, expansion board, backboard, and master control borad is handled the core control algolithm; Expansion board is the master control cabinet and switch the interface that cabinet carries out exchanges data, and expansion board is provided with and connects the high-rate laser transceiver module that switches cabinet, and backboard is used for to each integrated circuit board power supply of master control cabinet and is used for data communication between master control borad and the expansion board;
Described switching machine case comprises switch boards, backboard and performance element functional cards, switch boards is the interface that this switching cabinet and A, B master control cabinet carry out exchanges data, switch boards is provided with two high-rate laser transceiver modules, connects the high-rate laser transceiver module on the expansion board of A, B master control cabinet respectively; Backboard is used for to switching each integrated circuit board power supply of cabinet and being used for data communication between switch boards and each functional cards; Functional cards is the performance element of control system, as the digital quantity input and output, and the analog quantity input and output.
2. a kind of control system redundancy switching method according to claim 1 based on high speed serial communication, it is characterized in that, described master control cabinet expansion board comprises the high-rate laser transceiver module, the FPGA control module, the SerDes module, optic fiber transceiver module, the high-rate laser transceiver module is used for the master control cabinet and switches the mutual communication of cabinet, the FPGA control module is used to realize the steering logic of SerDes module and high-rate laser transceiver module and the parallel data bus line of reading and writing the SerDes module, carries out serial data transmission by high-speed differential signal between SerDes module and the high-rate laser transceiver module; Optic fiber transceiver module is used to receive the control cycle synchronizing signal of switching the cabinet switch boards, is used to guarantee the master control cabinet and switches cabinet work under unified control cycle.
3. a kind of control system redundancy switching method according to claim 1 based on high speed serial communication, it is characterized in that, described switching cabinet switch boards comprises two high-rate laser transceiver modules, the FPGA control module, two SerDes modules, two optical fiber sending modules, two high-rate laser transceiver modules are respectively applied for and switch cabinet and A, two mutual communications of master control cabinet of B, the FPGA control module is used to realize SerDes module and the steering logic of corresponding high-rate laser transceiver module and the parallel data bus line of read-write SerDes module, carries out serial data transmission by high-speed differential signal between SerDes module and the corresponding high-rate laser transceiver module; The optical fiber sending module is used to send the control cycle synchronizing signal of switching the cabinet switch boards, is used to guarantee two master control cabinets of A, B and switches cabinet work under unified control cycle.
4. a kind of control system redundancy switching method according to claim 1 based on high speed serial communication, it is characterized in that, described is the high speed serial communication of medium with optical fiber, can also be parallel data communication, and wireless data communication or other cable are the serial communication of medium.
5. a kind of control system redundancy switching method according to claim 1 based on high speed serial communication, it is characterized in that, the device of the redundant switch logic of described realization is example with FPGA, but is not limited to FPGA, can also be CPLD, single-chip microcomputer, ARM, DSP and PowerPC.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110176607 CN102279780B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110176607 CN102279780B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102279780A true CN102279780A (en) | 2011-12-14 |
| CN102279780B CN102279780B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
Family
ID=45105242
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110176607 Active CN102279780B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102279780B (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102684788A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-09-19 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Communicating device of optical remote sensor |
| CN103592918A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-02-19 | 国家电网公司 | Power electronic equipment redundancy control system based on EtherCAT |
| CN103779943A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-07 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Battery management system of electric car |
| CN104424053A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 上海机电工程研究所 | ARM embedded type control system and control method based on redundancy architecture |
| CN105229944A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-01-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optic switching device and calibration steps thereof |
| CN105607694A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-05-25 | 电子科技大学 | Adaptive variable redundancy 3U signal processing backboard based on VPX bus |
| CN105929736A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-09-07 | 深圳市禾望电气股份有限公司 | Frequency converter control system and control method therefor |
| CN107666139A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | A kind of Control protection system for flexible direct current power transmission system |
| CN109301919A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南理工学院 | A kind of uninterruptible power supply bypass adapter tube control method |
| CN113741250A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-03 | 辽宁荣信兴业电力技术有限公司 | Redundancy control system and method for SVG |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5754796A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1998-05-19 | Wang; Daniel | Bus port transmission device |
| CN201063523Y (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-05-21 | 三垦力达电气(江阴)有限公司 | Flashboard type controller case device for high voltage frequency converter |
| CN101576805A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-11-11 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Parallel processing-based multi-host interface redundancy SAN controller |
-
2011
- 2011-06-28 CN CN 201110176607 patent/CN102279780B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5754796A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1998-05-19 | Wang; Daniel | Bus port transmission device |
| CN201063523Y (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-05-21 | 三垦力达电气(江阴)有限公司 | Flashboard type controller case device for high voltage frequency converter |
| CN101576805A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-11-11 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Parallel processing-based multi-host interface redundancy SAN controller |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102684788A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-09-19 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Communicating device of optical remote sensor |
| CN104424053A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 上海机电工程研究所 | ARM embedded type control system and control method based on redundancy architecture |
| CN105229944A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-01-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optic switching device and calibration steps thereof |
| CN103592918A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-02-19 | 国家电网公司 | Power electronic equipment redundancy control system based on EtherCAT |
| CN103592918B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2016-04-20 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of power electronic equipment redundancy control system based on EtherCAT |
| CN103779943B (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2016-08-17 | 奇瑞新能源汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of battery management system of electric automobile |
| CN103779943A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-07 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Battery management system of electric car |
| CN105607694A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-05-25 | 电子科技大学 | Adaptive variable redundancy 3U signal processing backboard based on VPX bus |
| CN105607694B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2018-09-07 | 电子科技大学 | Self-adapting changeable redundancy 3U signal processing backboards based on VPX buses |
| CN105929736A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-09-07 | 深圳市禾望电气股份有限公司 | Frequency converter control system and control method therefor |
| CN107666139A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | A kind of Control protection system for flexible direct current power transmission system |
| CN109301919A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南理工学院 | A kind of uninterruptible power supply bypass adapter tube control method |
| CN109301919B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2022-04-19 | 湖南理工学院 | Uninterrupted power supply bypass connection control method |
| CN113741250A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-03 | 辽宁荣信兴业电力技术有限公司 | Redundancy control system and method for SVG |
| CN113741250B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2024-03-26 | 辽宁荣信电力电子技术有限公司 | Redundancy control system and method for SVG |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102279780B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102279780B (en) | Control system redundancy switching method based on high speed serial communication | |
| CN105743820B (en) | A kind of train Ethernet switch based on ARM+FPGA framework | |
| CN202141905U (en) | Control system redundancy switching device based on high speed serial communication | |
| CN202771178U (en) | Redundancy switching device of STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator) control system | |
| CN102662803A (en) | Double-controlled double-active redundancy equipment | |
| CN104009867A (en) | Optical fiber Ethernet intelligent branching unit switching method based on FPGA | |
| CN104348673A (en) | Debugging and testing method, main control board and business boards | |
| CN202142054U (en) | Multistage extension control system based on backplane bus and high speed serial communication | |
| CN102801467A (en) | Device and method for implementing dual optical fiber protection switching based on ONU | |
| CN102289422A (en) | Multi-level extension control system based on back plate bus and high-speed serial communication | |
| CN101645915A (en) | Disk array host channel daughter card, on-line switching system and switching method thereof | |
| CN104484303A (en) | 1553B node circuit based on SoC (system on a chip) chip | |
| CN109995681B (en) | Device and method for realizing double-master-control main-standby switching by single chip | |
| CN105356935A (en) | Cross board for realizing synchronous digital hierarchy high-order cross and realization method | |
| CN203645671U (en) | Fiber switching protection system | |
| CN102231700B (en) | Exchange card switching information transmission method and exchange card hot backup system | |
| CN207869116U (en) | A kind of handover control system of master/slave device | |
| CN102325066A (en) | Compound network card integrated with Gigabit and 10-Gigabit Ethernet | |
| CN102265640B (en) | Optical line transmission protection system and method | |
| CN203366045U (en) | A digital quantity input-output device based on a CAN bus | |
| CN107294607A (en) | A kind of USB3.1 Fiber Optic Extension cards based on PCI E | |
| CN203014814U (en) | ONU (Optical Network Unit) for three-network convergence | |
| CN204576483U (en) | A kind of redundancy and the multiplexing aobvious control computer system of nonredundancy state | |
| CN202127418U (en) | Composite network card integrating gigabit Ethernet and ten gigabit Ethernet | |
| CN205039833U (en) | LKJ main computer unit and human machine interface unit's communication system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |