CN102279099A - Straw compression forming and bundling test device and method - Google Patents

Straw compression forming and bundling test device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102279099A
CN102279099A CN2011100805878A CN201110080587A CN102279099A CN 102279099 A CN102279099 A CN 102279099A CN 2011100805878 A CN2011100805878 A CN 2011100805878A CN 201110080587 A CN201110080587 A CN 201110080587A CN 102279099 A CN102279099 A CN 102279099A
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compression
drive motor
conveying belt
straw
speed
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CN102279099B (en
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李耀明
徐立章
尹建军
徐剑
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a straw compression forming and bundling test method which comprises a material conveying device, a filler compression device, a bundling device and a detection and control device and can be used for simulating the working conditions of a straw baling press in the field and reproducing processes of picking up, compressing and bundling during straw collection. The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining different feeding quantities by changing the layer thickness of materials on a conveying belt and the speed of the conveying belt; obtaining different compression frequencies by adjusting the rotation speed of a transmission shaft and analyzing the influence of the compression frequencies on the straw bundle quality; obtaining different compression forces by adjusting inclination angles of a press plate on a compression chamber and analyzing the influence of the compression forces on the straw bundle density and the buckling rate; and obtaining the elasticity and plasticity deformation simulation of the straws in the compression process by utilizing high-speed photography. The test device and method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of use safety, detection completeness, convenience for operation and capabilities of eliminating the defects of the traditional field test method and obtaining more detailed and scientific information.

Description

Straw compressing and forming bundling test unit and test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to stalk bundling test unit technical field, a kind of concretely straw compressing and forming bundling test unit.
Background technology
The collection accumulating of agricultural crop straw is the primary difficult problem that restriction agro-ecology matter resource industrially scalable utilizes always, and developing baling press is to solve agro-ecology matter straw collecting accumulating problem, satisfies one of effective way of industrialized utilization.Research to each parts of baling press at present improves, the main field test situation that relies on model machine, but field test is subjected to circumscribed influence of the parameter adjustable range of weather, field situation and machine own, makes this test method have a lot of restrictions, also makes some index to measure in real time.Mainly show the following aspects:
1, the change difficulty of compression frequency is difficult to obtain the compression effectiveness under the different compression frequency.
2, the transmission shaft input torque is difficult for measuring, and is difficult to obtain the needed appropriate power of complete machine.
3, the connecting rod force of compression is difficult for measuring, and is difficult to obtain the relation of force of compression and power consumption.
4, the change of feed quantity is relatively more difficult, is difficult to obtain the influence of different feed quantities to the bale quality.
5, in compression process, the suffered pressure of pressure space side plate and base plate is difficult to obtain.
6, knotting mechanism can not carry out routine tests.
7, the elastic-plastic deformation situation of stalk in compression process is difficult for observing during field test.
In a word, the purpose of carrying out field test is that stalk baling press machine performance and operation quality are detected and estimate.And tension force, compression bundle length displacement, final drive shaft rotating speed and moment of torsion, knotting mechanism routine tests situation and the stalk elastic-plastic deformation situation etc. of, pressure space piston pressure stressed to different feed quantities, compression frequency, connecting rod force of compression, pressure space inwall by field test, knotting mechanism rope are observed to measure and are difficult to finish.Therefore the optimization of each parts of stalk baling press is improved that only to rely on field test be not enough, must be undertaken by a large amount of indoor bench tests.At present, be merely able to retrieve the relevant patent of mechanical type square bundle baler knotter (CN201450886U) and square bundle baler (CN101138293), and the relevant patent that baling press performance and parts detect also do not retrieved about eliminating the field factor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of straw compressing and forming bundling test unit and the test method thereof that provides for the above-mentioned shortcoming that overcomes existing field test existence, have parameter adjustment and make things convenient for, be convenient to measure, can reproduce characteristics such as various operating modes, can eliminate the shortcoming that existing test method exists.
In order to solve the problem that field test exists, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: comprise device for transporting objects, filler compression set, binding apparatus and Detection ﹠ Controling device.Device for transporting objects comprises drive motor and kinematic train thereof; Described filler compression set comprises frame and base, power input shaft, the pick-up unit driving wheel, pressure space, crank and connecting rod and ratchet, the main transmission drive motor connects power input shaft, a rotating speed-torque sensor is installed on power input shaft, power input shaft is connected to main-gear box, main-gear box is connected to pick-up mechanism on one side, another side connecting crank and connecting rod, a tension-compression sensor is installed on connecting rod, connecting rod is connected to piston, contact the end with material at piston two pressure transducer A are installed, three pressure transducer B are installed respectively on one side side plate of the base plate of pressure space and pressure space, the top installation ratchet of pressure space, a rotating speed coder A is installed on the ratchet shaft, pressure space not one side side plate of sensor installation is made with the tempering clear glass, the periphery is provided with high intensity illumination system, cooperates high-speed photography; Described binding apparatus comprises bundle rope case, draws punch block, draws pin, knotter, at the spindle end of knotter a scrambler B is installed; Described tension-compression sensor, pressure transducer A, pressure transducer B, scrambler A, scrambler B are connected respectively to industrial computer, detect and control by the control stand that is installed on the industrial computer.
When binding apparatus of the present invention is tested with the filler compression set, drive jointly by a main transmission drive motor; When binding apparatus carries out routine tests, can be by binding apparatus drive motor individual drive, and the chain that will be connected on the binding apparatus drive sprocket is connected on the sprocket wheel of individual drive motor.
The technical scheme that test method of the present invention adopts in turn includes the following steps:
A, startup conveying belt drive motor and main transmission drive motor according to the test needs, are adjusted the transporting velocity of conveying device and the compression frequency of piston, adjust rear carrier drive motor and main transmission drive motor;
B, evenly be laid in material on the conveying belt;
C, start the main transmission drive motor, treat that device reaches and is stabilized in previously selected parameter after, start the conveying belt drive motor;
D, material enter pick-up mechanism under the drive of conveying belt, the elastic claw high speed rotating, material is sent into into careless case, fork arm harrows material into pressure space, material is pressed into blade and constantly mobile backward from level to level by piston, blade promotes the ratchet rotation, when blade length reaches preseting length, draws pin and will tie to restrict and send into knotter and finish and tie up; The bale of tying up is sent under the promotion of pressure blade in front to be put outside the careless plate discharge machine;
E, the data of utilizing the collection of Detection ﹠ Controling device, record and demonstration rotating speed-torque sensor, tension-compression sensor, pressure transducer A, pressure transducer B and scrambler A, scrambler B to be collected;
F, utilize high-speed photography,, obtain the elastic-plastic deformation situation of stalk in compression process through Flame Image Process; Collect and handle the bale of tying up, meter is calculated indexs such as the quality, volume, density of bale, the bundled rate of Direct observation bale simultaneously.
The present invention is safe in utilization, detection is comprehensive, easy to operate, can simulate stalk baling press field working condition, reproduce picking up in the straw collecting process, compression, bundling process and can eliminate the defective that has the existence of field test method now.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention agent structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention agent structure schematic top plan view.
Among the figure: 1 conveying belt, 2 conveying belt drive motor, 3 frames and base, 4 main transmission drive motor, 5 power input shafts, 6 shaft couplings, 7 rotating speeds-torque sensor, 8 Hooks coupling universal couplings, 9 safety screens, 10 clutch couplinges, 11 flywheels, 12 main-gear boxs, 13 pick-up unit driving wheels, 14 pick-up mechanisms, 15 pick-up unit arrangement for adjusting height, 16 elastic claws, 17 advance careless case, 18 fork arms, 19 pressure spaces, 20 cranks, 21 tension-compression sensors, 22 connecting rods, 23 pistons, 24 pressure transducer A, 25 ratchets, 26 scrambler A, 27 pressure transducer B, 28 pressing plates, 29 triangle gears, 30 tooth bars, 31 bale length adjustment devices, 32 bundle rope casees, 33 pull bars, 34 draw punch block, and 35 draw pin, 36 knotters, 37 binding apparatus drive motor, 38 sprocket wheels, 39 scrambler B, 40 bale density regulating apparatus, 41 put careless plate, 42 control stands, 43 starting switches, 44 speed governing knobs, 45 pilot lamp, 46 industrial computers, 47 scram buttons, 48 displays.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, mainly comprise device for transporting objects, filler compression set, binding apparatus and Detection ﹠ Controling device.Conveying device comprises conveying belt drive motor 2, conveying belt 1 and stretching pulley.Can adjust the rotating speed of motor 2 during test according to needed feed quantity.The filler compression set comprises frame and base 3, connects the power input shaft 5 of drive motor 4, and a rotating speed-torque sensor 7 is installed on power input shaft 5, measures driving torque and change in rotational speed in the process of the test.Power input shaft 5 is connected to main-gear box 12, Yi Bian main-gear box 12 is connected to pick-up unit driving wheel 13, the height of pick-up unit can be regulated by pick-up unit arrangement for adjusting height 15; Main-gear box 12 is connecting crank 20 and connecting rod 22 on one side, and a tension-compression sensor 21 is installed on connecting rod 22, and range is 0~300kg, measure the connecting rod force of compression, and sensor 21 has enough big anti-shearing force; Connecting rod 22 is connected to piston 23, contact the end with material at piston 23 two pressure transducer A24 are installed, can carry out the compression piston surface pressing measures, three pressure transducer B27 are installed respectively on one side side plate of the base plate of pressure space 19 and pressure space 19, can carry out the measurement of pressure space side plate pressure and pressure space Bottom Pressure; The top installation ratchet measurement wheel 25 of pressure space, wheel shaft combines with a high precision incremental rotating speed coder A26, can measure not bundled length and increase variation.Binding apparatus comprises bundle rope case 32, draws punch block 34, draws pin 35, knotter 36 and be installed in a scrambler B39 of the spindle end of knotter.
Binding apparatus can carry out routine tests as shown in Figure 1, is driven by binding apparatus drive motor 37, and the knotter spindle end is installed a high precision incremental rotating speed coder B39, tests the variation of knotting process medium speed and obtains the bundled signal of finishing.
Tension-compression sensor 21, pressure transducer A24, pressure transducer B 27, scrambler A26, scrambler B39 are connected respectively to industrial computer 46, detect and control by the control stand 42 that is installed in the monitoring software in the industrial computer 46 and be installed on the industrial computer 46.Starting switch 43 on the operator's console 42 is used for controlling the start-stop of each moving component, and speed governing knob 44 is used for controlling each moving component speed, and pilot lamp 45 shows the ruuning situation of each parts, uses scram button 47 to prevent accident when abnormal occurrence occurring.
During test, at first power-on is checked and is detected the control system circuit, guarantees in good condition; Then TT﹠C system is carried out the parameter setting, conveying belt speed is transferred to required size, and piston 23 compression frequency are transferred to disable motor after the required frequency.To test stalk and evenly be laid on the conveying device 1, open main transmission drive motor 4, treat that device reaches and is stabilized in previously selected parameter after, open the conveying belt drive motor.In the process of the test, conveying belt speed, information such as piston 23 frequencies directly are recorded in the industrial computer 46; The data of utilizing monitoring and control device collection, record and demonstration rotating speed-torque sensor 7, tension-compression sensor 21, pressure transducer A24, pressure transducer B27 and scrambler A26, scrambler B39 to be collected.For ease of observing the elastic-plastic deformation of stalk in compression process, pressure space 19 not one side side plate of sensor installation is made with the tempering clear glass, and the periphery is provided with high intensity illumination system, utilizes high-speed photography, through Flame Image Process, can obtain the elastic-plastic deformation situation of stalk in compression process.Close each control device switch during off-test, monitoring and the automatic recorded and stored entire test of control device data reach test objective.

Claims (4)

1. a straw compressing and forming bundling test unit comprises device for transporting objects, filler compression set, binding apparatus and Detection ﹠ Controling device; It is characterized in that described device for transporting objects comprises conveying belt drive motor (2) and kinematic train thereof; Described filler compression set comprises frame and base (3), power input shaft (5), pick-up unit driving wheel (13), pressure space (19), crank (20) and connecting rod (22) and ratchet (25), main transmission drive motor (4) connects power input shaft (5), go up an installation rotating speed-torque sensor (7) at power input shaft (5), power input shaft (5) is connected to main-gear box (12), main-gear box (12) is connected to pick-up unit driving wheel (13) on one side, another side connecting crank (20) and connecting rod (22), a tension-compression sensor (21) is installed on connecting rod, connecting rod (22) is connected to piston (23), contacts the end with material at piston (23) two pressure transducer A(24 are installed); On the base plate of described pressure space (19) and pressure space (19) side plate on one side three pressure transducer B(27 are installed respectively), the top installation ratchet (25) of pressure space (19), a rotating speed coder A(26 is installed) on the ratchet shaft, pressure space (19) is one side side plate tempering clear glass of sensor installation not, the periphery is provided with high intensity illumination system, cooperates high-speed photography; Described binding apparatus comprises bundle rope case (32), draws punch block (34), draws pin (35), knotter (36), at the spindle end of knotter (36) a scrambler B(39 is installed); With described tension-compression sensor (21), pressure transducer A(24), pressure transducer B(27) and scrambler A(26), scrambler B(39) be connected respectively to industrial computer (46), detect and control by the control stand (42) that is installed on the industrial computer (46).
2. according to claims 1 described straw compressing and forming bundling test unit, it is characterized in that: when described binding apparatus is tested with the filler compression set, drive by main transmission drive motor (4) is common; During the binding apparatus routine tests, by binding apparatus drive motor (37) individual drive, and the chain that will be connected on the banding mechanism drive sprocket is connected on the sprocket wheel (37).
3. according to claims 1 described straw compressing and forming bundling test unit, it is characterized in that: the control desk of described Detection ﹠ Controling device comprises starting switch (41), speed governing knob (42), pilot lamp (43), industrial computer (44), scram button (45), display (46).
4. straw compressing and forming bundling test method is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
A, startup conveying belt drive motor (2) and main transmission drive motor (4), according to the test needs, adjust the transporting velocity of conveying device (1) and the compression frequency of piston (23), adjust rear carrier drive motor (2) and main transmission drive motor (4);
B, evenly be laid in material on the conveying belt;
C, start main transmission drive motor (4), treat that device reaches and is stabilized in previously selected parameter after, start conveying belt drive motor (2);
D, material enter pick-up mechanism (14) under the drive of conveying belt, elastic claw (16) high speed rotating, material is sent into into careless case (17), fork arm (18) harrows material into pressure space (19), material is pressed into blade and constantly mobile backward from level to level by piston (23), blade promotes ratchet (25) rotation, when blade length reaches preseting length, draws pin and will tie to restrict and send into knotter (36) and finish and tie up; The bale of tying up is sent under the promotion of pressure blade in front to be put outside careless plate (41) the discharge machine;
E, utilize that the Detection ﹠ Controling device is gathered, record and show rotating speed-torque sensor (7), tension-compression sensor (21), pressure transducer A(24), pressure transducer B(27) and scrambler A(26), scrambler B(39) data that collected;
F, utilize high-speed photography,, obtain the elastic-plastic deformation situation of stalk in compression process through Flame Image Process; Collect and handle the bale of tying up, meter is calculated indexs such as the quality, volume, density of bale, the bundled rate of Direct observation bale simultaneously.
CN 201110080587 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 Straw compression forming and bundling test device and method Expired - Fee Related CN102279099B (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103411782A (en) * 2013-08-02 2013-11-27 江苏大学 Device and method for simulating straw compression and forming test
CN104776950A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-07-15 中国农业大学 Device for on-line monitoring tension of different positions of binding rope for square binder
CN105115651A (en) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-02 中国农业大学 Device and method for detecting action of knotter and tension variation of baling rope synchronously
WO2016004631A1 (en) * 2014-07-07 2016-01-14 江苏大学 Cutting longitudinal swaths grain harvesting and baling combine
CN105823643A (en) * 2016-03-17 2016-08-03 安徽农业大学 Knotter performance test bench
CN106768918A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-31 江苏大学 A kind of knotter is detected and testing fatigue testing stand into knot rate
CN107607343A (en) * 2017-09-27 2018-01-19 平顶山市久久实业有限公司 A kind of round bale pick-up bale complete machine run-in stand
CN107621365A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-01-23 滨州市农业机械化科学研究所 A kind of straw baling test platform
CN110726642A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-24 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Square baler outlet bale density monitoring device and monitoring method thereof
CN111226615A (en) * 2020-03-02 2020-06-05 安徽中科智能感知产业技术研究院有限责任公司 Real-time online detection method for bundling length of square straw bundle bundling machine based on magnetic sensor
CN112715172A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-30 吉林大学 Automatic-removable wall-surface-type straw compression mold for measuring resilience after straw pressing
CN116183389A (en) * 2023-03-03 2023-05-30 东北农业大学 Crop straw compression intelligent detection test bed

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103411782B (en) * 2013-08-02 2016-01-13 江苏大学 A kind of device and method of simulating straw compression molding test
CN103411782A (en) * 2013-08-02 2013-11-27 江苏大学 Device and method for simulating straw compression and forming test
US9949433B2 (en) 2014-07-07 2018-04-24 Jiangsu University Cutting longitudinal swaths grain harvesting and baling combine
WO2016004631A1 (en) * 2014-07-07 2016-01-14 江苏大学 Cutting longitudinal swaths grain harvesting and baling combine
CN104776950A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-07-15 中国农业大学 Device for on-line monitoring tension of different positions of binding rope for square binder
CN104776950B (en) * 2015-04-20 2017-03-22 中国农业大学 Device for on-line monitoring tension of different positions of binding rope for square binder
CN105115651A (en) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-02 中国农业大学 Device and method for detecting action of knotter and tension variation of baling rope synchronously
CN105115651B (en) * 2015-07-27 2017-06-06 中国农业大学 A kind of action of synchronous detection knotter and the device and method of bundle rope tension change
CN105823643A (en) * 2016-03-17 2016-08-03 安徽农业大学 Knotter performance test bench
CN106768918A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-31 江苏大学 A kind of knotter is detected and testing fatigue testing stand into knot rate
CN107607343A (en) * 2017-09-27 2018-01-19 平顶山市久久实业有限公司 A kind of round bale pick-up bale complete machine run-in stand
CN107621365A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-01-23 滨州市农业机械化科学研究所 A kind of straw baling test platform
CN107621365B (en) * 2017-11-13 2023-09-29 滨州市农业机械化科学研究所 Straw baling test platform
CN110726642A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-24 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Square baler outlet bale density monitoring device and monitoring method thereof
CN111226615A (en) * 2020-03-02 2020-06-05 安徽中科智能感知产业技术研究院有限责任公司 Real-time online detection method for bundling length of square straw bundle bundling machine based on magnetic sensor
CN111226615B (en) * 2020-03-02 2022-04-22 安徽中科智能感知产业技术研究院有限责任公司 Real-time online detection method for bundling length of square straw bundle bundling machine based on magnetic sensor
CN112715172A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-30 吉林大学 Automatic-removable wall-surface-type straw compression mold for measuring resilience after straw pressing
CN112715172B (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-10-29 吉林大学 Automatic-removable wall-surface-type straw compression mold for measuring resilience after straw pressing
CN116183389A (en) * 2023-03-03 2023-05-30 东北农业大学 Crop straw compression intelligent detection test bed
CN116183389B (en) * 2023-03-03 2023-07-07 东北农业大学 Crop straw compression intelligent detection test bed

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