CN103063454B - Multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device and test method - Google Patents
Multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103063454B CN103063454B CN201210409588.7A CN201210409588A CN103063454B CN 103063454 B CN103063454 B CN 103063454B CN 201210409588 A CN201210409588 A CN 201210409588A CN 103063454 B CN103063454 B CN 103063454B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multiple-roll installed threshing separator and test method.Comprise device for transporting objects, installed threshing separator, crushed stalk tossed device and Detection & Controling device.This device can carry out mass transport, threshing separation and crushed stalk test; Device for transporting objects, crushed stalk tossed device adopt a variable frequency drive motors drive respectively, and installed threshing separator adopts three variable frequency drive motors to drive, and Selecting parameter is convenient; The signal of rotating speed-torque sensor all records in a computer; Change thickness and the conveying belt speed of material on material conveyer belt, different feed quantity can be obtained; The threshing separation case of current various harvest machinery can be simulated by the parameter that adjusts installed threshing separator, the array mode of changing different installed threshing separators, analyze working performance.The present invention can eliminate the defect that existing field test method exists, and obtains information and date that is more detailed, science.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device, be mainly applicable to the threshing detached job of the various crop such as paddy rice, rape, wheat, soybean, corn.
Background technology
Threshing performance, entrainment loss rate, seed damage rate and threshing power consumption etc. during threshing is separated are the key technical index that must control in combine operation, directly affect operation quality and the production efficiency of united reaper.The Improvement of each component capabilities of current united reaper, mainly through field test, but the impact that harvest machinery field test climate, field conditions and the Parameter adjustable of machine own are range-restricted, make this test method there is a lot of restriction, also make some index to measure in real time.Be mainly manifested in the following aspects:
1. the change difficulty of threshing cylinder rotating speed, is difficult to obtain the threshing separating effect under different rotating speeds.
2. the moment of torsion of threshing cylinder is not easily measured, and is difficult to obtain the power that sheller unit consumes.
3. the replacing of threshing cylinder and threshing element is cumbersome, the drum threshing Contrast on effect difficulty of therefore different threshing element arrangement.
4. threshing performance, entrainment loss rate and threshing power consumption are difficult to accurate measurement.
5. can not Real Time Observation in field test, be also difficult to obtain the distribution that crop deviates from potpourri in threshing course.
The object of field test carries out detecting and assessing to multiple-roll united reaper overall performance and operation quality.And will to be measured the characteristics of motion etc. of seed in the threshing power consumption of different feed quantity, threshing cylinder rotating speed, concave clearance, threshing performance, entrainment loss rate, cylinder and threshing course by field test and be difficult to.Therefore only rely on field test to be inadequate to the Optimal improvements of multiple-roll united reaper all parts, must be undertaken by a large amount of indoor bench tests.At present, about field factor can be eliminated, the Patents that the performance of multiple-roll united reaper and parts detect also is not retrieved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that a kind of multiple-roll provided to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming that existing field test exists departs from separation test device and test method, there is parameter adjustment convenience, be convenient to measure, can the features such as various operating modes be reproduced, the shortcoming that existing test method exists can be eliminated.
In order to solve field test Problems existing, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: comprise device for transporting objects and be connected to installed threshing separator from front portion by feeding mouth, and crushed stalk tossed device and control desk are installed in the rear portion of installed threshing separator; The conveying belt of described device for transporting objects is driven by drive motor; Described installed threshing separator comprises cutting table auger, delivery chute, the first cylinder, second tin roller and the 3rd cylinder, after described cutting table auger is connected to the conveying belt of device for transporting objects, cutting table auger driving shaft installs a rotating speed-torque sensor B, delivery chute is connected after cutting table auger, delivery chute connects feeding mouth and the first cylinder, delivery chute power input shaft installs a speed probe, first cylinder is connected to second tin roller, second tin roller is connected to the 3rd cylinder, and the power input shaft of three cylinders installs rotating speed-torque sensor A respectively; After described crushed stalk tossed device is arranged at the 3rd cylinder, crushed stalk tossed device driving shaft installs a rotating speed-torque sensor C; The industrial computer described speed probe, rotating speed-torque sensor A, rotating speed-torque sensor C, rotating speed-torque sensor B being connected respectively to measurement and control system carries out detection and control.
Above-mentioned multiple-roll departs from separation test device, it is characterized in that: cutting table auger is driven separately by a variable-frequency motor, can realize the stepless-adjustment of screw feeder rotating speed.Described multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device, it is characterized in that: described first cylinder, second tin roller, the 3rd cylinder are driven separately by three variable-frequency motors respectively, and each cylinder all has top cover and notch board, both many threshing separation tests be can carry out, single drum threshing separation test or twin-roll threshing separation test also can be carried out.Described multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device, is characterized in that: the header field tempering clear glass of described installed threshing separator, and periphery arranges high intensity illumination system, coordinates high-speed photography to carry out recording and observing.
The technical scheme that test method of the present invention adopts in turn includes the following steps:
A. conveying belt drive motor, cutting table auger drive motor, the first drum drive motor, second tin roller drive motor, the 3rd drum drive motor is started, the transporting velocity of adjustment conveying belt, the rotating speed of cutting table auger, the first cylinder, second tin roller, the 3rd cylinder and crushed stalk moving knife, adjusts rear closedown conveying belt drive motor, cutting table auger drive motor, the first drum drive motor, second tin roller drive motor, the 3rd drum drive motor;
B. material uniform spreading is put on the belt;
C. order opens the starting switch of crushed stalk moving knife, the 3rd cylinder, second tin roller, the first cylinder, cutting table auger, after each rotating speed of said apparatus reaches and is stabilized in previously selected parameter value, opens conveying belt starting switch;
D. material enters installed threshing separator feeding mouth under the drive of conveying belt, under the effect of cutting table auger, material enters delivery chute, material is sent into the first cylinder by the carrier bar in delivery chute, first cylinder High Rotation Speed, under the effect of the first cylinder top cover and the first cylinder concave, a part of seed falls into splicing dolly by notch board; The material do not purified enters second tin roller, second tin roller High Rotation Speed, and under the effect of second tin roller top cover and second tin roller notch board, a part of seed falls into splicing dolly by second tin roller notch board; Remain the material that do not purify and enter the 3rd cylinder, the 3rd cylinder High Rotation Speed, under the effect of the 3rd cylinder top cover and the 3rd cylinder concave, seed falls into splicing dolly by the 3rd cylinder concave; Stalk enters crushed stalk tossed device by the 3rd cylinder, and under the effect of crushed stalk moving knife and stationary knife, stalk is shed outside machine by pulverizing;
E. utilize measurement and control system collection, record and show speed probe, data that rotating speed-torque sensor collects;
F. collect the material of discharging with the seed of process splicing dolly, straw outlet by hand, calculate feed quantity, threshing performance, entrainment loss, seed damage rate and threshing power consumption index.
Function of the present invention is many, Real-Time Monitoring, operation adjustment convenient, can eliminate the defect that existing field test method exists.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention agent structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention agent structure schematic top plan view.
Fig. 3 is the panel front view of control stand 33.
In figure: 1 conveying belt, 2 conveying belt drive motor, 3 feeding mouths, 4 cutting table augers, 5 speed probe 6 cutting table auger drive motor, 7 delivery chutes, 8 first cylinders, 9 first cylinder top covers, 10 first cylinder concave, 11 second tin rollers, 12 second tin roller top covers, 13 second tin roller notch boards, 14 the 3rd cylinders, 15 the 3rd cylinder top covers, 16 the 3rd cylinder concave, 17 crushed stalk tossed devices, 18 crushed stalk moving knife, 19 crushed stalk drive motor, 20 stationary knifes, 21 splicing dollies, 22 the 3rd drum drive motors, 23 second tin roller drive motor, 24 first drum drive motors, 25 first cylinder drive shaft, 26 rotating speeds-torque sensor A, 27 second tin roller driving shafts, 28 the 3rd cylinder drive shaft, 29 crushed stalk tossed device driving shafts, 30 rotating speeds-torque sensor C, 31 cutting table auger driving shafts, 32 rotating speeds-torque sensor B, 33 control stands, 34 displays, 35 digital instruments, 36 speed governing knobs, 37 starting switches, 38 emergency stop switchs, 39 industrial computers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device comprises device for transporting objects and is connected to installed threshing separator front portion by feeding mouth 3, and crushed stalk tossed device 17 and control desk 35 are installed in the rear portion of installed threshing separator, the conveying belt 1 of described device for transporting objects is driven by conveying belt drive motor 2, described installed threshing separator comprises cutting table auger 4, delivery chute 7, first cylinder 8, second tin roller 11 and the 3rd cylinder 14, after described cutting table auger 4 is connected to the conveying belt 1 of device for transporting objects, cutting table auger driving shaft 31 installs a rotating speed-torque sensor B32, delivery chute 7 is connected after cutting table auger 4, delivery chute 7 connects feeding mouth 3 and the first cylinder 8, delivery chute power input shaft installs a speed probe 5, first cylinder 8 is connected to second tin roller 11, second tin roller 11 is connected to the 3rd cylinder 14, the power input shaft of three cylinders installs rotating speed-torque sensor A26 respectively, after described crushed stalk tossed device 17 is arranged at the 3rd cylinder 14, crushed stalk tossed device driving shaft 29 installs a rotating speed-torque sensor C30.
Speed probe 5, rotating speed-torque sensor A26, rotating speed-torque sensor C30, rotating speed-torque sensor B32 are connected respectively to industrial computer 39 by measurement and control system, carry out test unit described in detection and control by the control stand 33 of the monitoring software in industrial computer 39 and measurement and control system.Cutting table auger drive motor 6 and crushed stalk drive motor 19 are variable-frequency motor, and the ratio of gear of crushed stalk tossed device is all adjusted by the belt pulley changing different-diameter.
First cylinder 8 is in the cavity that the first cylinder top cover 9 and the first cylinder concave 10 form, the gap of the first cylinder 8 and the first cylinder top cover 9 is 40mm ~ 60mm, the gap of the first cylinder 8 and the first cylinder concave 10 is 30mm ~ 50mm, and is driven by the first drum drive motor 24; Second tin roller 11 is in the cavity that second tin roller top cover 12 and second tin roller notch board 13 form, second tin roller 11 is 30mm ~ 50mm with the gap of second tin roller top cover 12, second tin roller 11 is 20mm ~ 40mm with the gap of second tin roller notch board 13, and is driven by second tin roller drive motor 23; 3rd cylinder 14 is in the cavity that the 3rd cylinder top cover 15 and the 3rd cylinder concave 16 form, the gap of the 3rd cylinder 14 and the 3rd cylinder top cover 15 is 20mm ~ 40mm, the gap of the 3rd cylinder 14 and the 3rd cylinder concave 16 is 10mm ~ 30mm, and is driven by the 3rd drum drive motor 22.First cylinder top cover 9, second tin roller top cover 12 and the 3rd cylinder top cover 15 are made with tempering clear glass respectively, the thickness of tempered glass is 5mm ~ 10mm, the shape of the first cylinder top cover 9, second tin roller top cover 12 and the 3rd cylinder top cover 15 is half drum-shaped, drum Inner footpath is 350mm ~ 500mm, is cast with highly high for 5mm ~ 20mm side at half drum-shaped top cover two ends.
A kind of multiple-roll threshing exclusion assay in turn includes the following steps:
A. conveying belt drive motor 2, cutting table auger drive motor 6, first drum drive motor 24, second tin roller drive motor 23, the 3rd drum drive motor 22 is started, the transporting velocity of adjustment conveying belt 1, the rotating speed of cutting table auger 4, first cylinder 8, second tin roller 11, the 3rd cylinder 14 and crushed stalk moving knife 18, adjusts rear closedown conveying belt drive motor 2, cutting table auger drive motor 6, first drum drive motor 24, second tin roller drive motor 23, the 3rd drum drive motor 22;
B. material uniform spreading is put on the belt;
C. order opens the starting switch of crushed stalk moving knife the 18, the 3rd cylinder 14, second tin roller 11, first cylinder 8, cutting table auger 4, after each rotating speed of said apparatus reaches and is stabilized in previously selected parameter value, opens conveying belt 1 starting switch;
D. material enters installed threshing separator feeding mouth 3 under the drive of conveying belt, under the effect of cutting table auger 4, material enters delivery chute 7, the first cylinder 8 sent into by material by the carrier bar in delivery chute 7, first cylinder 8 High Rotation Speed, under the effect of the first cylinder top cover 9 and the first cylinder concave 10, a part of seed falls into splicing dolly 21 by notch board 10; The material do not purified enters second tin roller 11, second tin roller 11 High Rotation Speed, and under the effect of second tin roller top cover 12 and second tin roller notch board 13, a part of seed falls into splicing dolly 21 by second tin roller notch board 13; Remain the material that do not purify and enter the 3rd cylinder the 14, three cylinder 14 High Rotation Speed, under the effect of the 3rd cylinder top cover 15 and the 3rd cylinder concave 16, seed falls into splicing dolly 21 by the 3rd cylinder concave 16; Stalk enters crushed stalk tossed device 17 by the 3rd cylinder 14, and under the effect of crushed stalk moving knife 18 and stationary knife 20, stalk is shed outside machine by pulverizing;
E. utilize measurement and control system collection, record and show speed probe 5, data that rotating speed-torque sensor collects;
F. collect the material of discharging with the seed of process splicing dolly 21, straw outlet by hand, calculate feed quantity, threshing performance, entrainment loss, seed damage rate and threshing power consumption index.
Be described further below in conjunction with a kind of multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device specific implementation process of accompanying drawing to concrete model of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, mainly comprise device for transporting objects, installed threshing separator, stalk shed reducing mechanism and Detection & Controling device.Conveying device comprises conveying belt drive motor 2, conveying belt 1 and stretching pulley.Can according to the rotating speed of required feed quantity adjustment conveying belt drive motor 2 during test.Installed threshing separator comprises draws together cutting table auger 4, and cutting table auger driving shaft 31 installs a rotating speed-torque sensor 32, and range is 0 ~ ± 400Nm, 0 ~ 1000rpm, measure the change of cutting table auger driving torque and rotating speed in process of the test; Delivery chute 7 connects feeding mouth 3 and the first cylinder 8, and delivery chute power input shaft installs a speed probe 5, and range is 0 ~ 800rpm, measures the rotating speed of delivery chute; First cylinder 8 is connected to second tin roller 11, second tin roller 11 is connected to the 3rd cylinder 14, the power input shaft of three cylinders installs three rotating speed-torque sensors 26 respectively, range is 0 ~ ± 500Nm, 0 ~ 1000rpm, measure the change of each drum drive moment of torsion and rotating speed in process of the test.Crushed stalk tossed device 17 comprises crushed stalk moving knife 18, crushed stalk tossed device drive motor 19, stationary knife 20, crushed stalk tossed device driving shaft 29 installs a rotating speed-torque sensor 30, range is 0 ~ ± 100Nm, 0 ~ 1000rpm, measure the change of crushed stalk tossed device driving torque and rotating speed in process of the test.
Installed threshing separator as shown in Figure 1, both can carry out multiple-roll threshing separation test, also can carry out single drum threshing separation test or twin-roll threshing separation test.When carrying out single drum threshing separation test, disassembling second tin roller 11 and the 3rd cylinder 14, using the first cylinder 8; When carrying out twin-roll threshing separation test, disassembling the 3rd cylinder 14, using the first cylinder 8 and second tin roller 11.
Speed probe 5, rotating speed-torque sensor 26, rotating speed-torque sensor 30, rotating speed-torque sensor 32 are connected respectively to industrial computer 39, carry out detection and control by the monitoring software be arranged in industrial computer 39 with the control stand 33 installing industrial computer 39.Starting switch 37 on operator's console 33 is used for controlling the start and stop of each moving component, and speed governing knob 36 is used for controlling each moving component speed, uses scram button 38 to prevent accident when there is abnormal occurrence.
During test, first power-on, checks detecting and controlling system circuit, guarantees in good condition; Then optimum configurations is carried out to TT&C system, conveying belt speed is adjusted to required size, and disable motor after cutting table auger, three cylinders, crushed stalk moving knife rotating speed being adjusted to required rotating speed.Test material uniform spreading is placed on conveying belt 1, order is opened crushed stalk and is shed drive motor 19, the 3rd drum drive motor 22, second tin roller drive motor 23, first drum drive motor 24 and cutting table auger driving electricity 6, after device reaches and is stabilized in previously selected parameter, open drive motor 2.In process of the test, the information such as conveying belt speed are directly recorded in industrial computer 39; Utilize the collection of Detection & Controling device, record and show speed probe 5, data that rotating speed-torque sensor 26, rotating speed-torque sensor 30, rotating speed-torque sensor 32 collect.For ease of observing the motion of material in threshing space, the separate section side plate tempering clear glass of installed threshing separator is made, and periphery arranges high intensity illumination system, coordinates high-speed photography, through image procossing, the characteristics of motion of material in threshing blanking operation can be obtained.Close each control device switch during off-test, Detection & Controling device records automatically preserves whole process of the test data, reaches test objective.
Claims (3)
1. a multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device, it is characterized in that, device for transporting objects is connected to installed threshing separator front portion by feeding mouth (3), and crushed stalk tossed device (17) and control desk (35) are installed in the rear portion of installed threshing separator, the conveying belt (1) of described device for transporting objects is driven by conveying belt drive motor (2), described installed threshing separator comprises cutting table auger (4), delivery chute (7), first cylinder (8), second tin roller (11) and the 3rd cylinder (14), after described cutting table auger (4) is connected to the conveying belt (1) of device for transporting objects, at a upper installation rotating speed-torque sensor B(32 of cutting table auger driving shaft (31)), cutting table auger (4) connects one end of delivery chute (7) afterwards, the other end of delivery chute (7) connects the first cylinder (8), delivery chute power input shaft installs a speed probe (5), first cylinder (8) is connected to second tin roller (11), second tin roller (11) is connected to the 3rd cylinder (14), the power input shaft of three cylinders installs rotating speed-torque sensor A(26 respectively), after described crushed stalk tossed device (17) is arranged at the 3rd cylinder (14), at a upper installation rotating speed-torque sensor C(30 of crushed stalk tossed device driving shaft (29)), described first cylinder (8) is in the cavity that the first cylinder top cover (9) and the first cylinder concave (10) form, first cylinder (8) is 40mm ~ 60mm with the gap of the first cylinder top cover (9), first cylinder (8) is 30mm ~ 50mm with the gap of the first cylinder concave (10), and the first cylinder (8) is driven by the first drum drive motor (24), second tin roller (11) is in the cavity that second tin roller top cover (12) and second tin roller notch board (13) form, second tin roller (11) is 30mm ~ 50mm with the gap of second tin roller top cover (12), second tin roller (11) is 20mm ~ 40mm with the gap of second tin roller notch board (13), and second tin roller (11) is driven by second tin roller drive motor (23), 3rd cylinder (14) is in the cavity that the 3rd cylinder top cover (15) and the 3rd cylinder concave (16) form, 3rd cylinder (14) is 20mm ~ 40mm with the gap of the 3rd cylinder top cover (15), 3rd cylinder (14) is 10mm ~ 30mm with the gap of the 3rd cylinder concave (16), and the 3rd cylinder (14) is driven by the 3rd drum drive motor (22), also comprise measurement and control system, described measurement and control system is by speed probe (5), rotating speed-torque sensor A(26), rotating speed-torque sensor C(30), rotating speed-torque sensor B(32) be connected respectively to industrial computer (39), carry out test unit described in detection and control by the control stand (33) of the monitoring software in industrial computer (39) and measurement and control system, first cylinder top cover (9), second tin roller top cover (12) and the 3rd cylinder top cover (15) are made by transparent toughened glass respectively, the thickness of tempered glass is 5mm ~ 10mm, the shape of the first cylinder top cover (9), second tin roller top cover (12) and the 3rd cylinder top cover (15) is half drum-shaped, drum internal diameter is 350mm ~ 500mm, is cast with highly high for 5mm ~ 20mm side at half drum-shaped top cover two ends, the periphery of the first cylinder top cover (9), second tin roller top cover (12) and the 3rd cylinder top cover (15) arranges illuminator and high-speed camera, and high-speed camera carries out recording and observing.
2. multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cutting table auger (4) is driven by cutting table auger drive motor (6), cutting table auger drive motor (6) and crushed stalk drive motor (19) are variable-frequency motor, and the ratio of gear of crushed stalk tossed device is adjusted by the belt pulley changing different-diameter.
3. implement the claims the test method of a kind of multiple-roll Threshing Separation Device described in 1, it is characterized in that in turn including the following steps:
A. conveying belt drive motor (2) is started, cutting table auger drive motor (6), first drum drive motor (24), second tin roller drive motor (23), 3rd drum drive motor (22), the transporting velocity of adjustment conveying belt (1), cutting table auger (4), first cylinder (8), second tin roller (11), the rotating speed of the 3rd cylinder (14) and crushed stalk moving knife (18), adjust rear closedown conveying belt drive motor (2), cutting table auger drive motor (6), first drum drive motor (24), second tin roller drive motor (23), 3rd drum drive motor (22),
B. material uniform spreading is placed on conveying belt (1);
C. order opens the starting switch of crushed stalk moving knife (18), the 3rd cylinder (14), second tin roller (11), the first cylinder (8), cutting table auger (4), after crushed stalk moving knife (18), the 3rd cylinder (14), second tin roller (11), the first cylinder (8), cutting table auger (4) each rotating speed reach and be stabilized in previously selected parameter value, open conveying belt (1) starting switch;
D. material enters installed threshing separator feeding mouth (3) under the drive of conveying belt (1), under the effect of cutting table auger (4), material enters delivery chute (7), the first cylinder (8) sent into by material by the carrier bar in delivery chute (7), under the effect of the first cylinder top cover (9) and the first cylinder concave (10), a part of seed falls into splicing dolly (21) by the first cylinder concave (10); The material do not purified enters second tin roller (11), and under the effect of second tin roller top cover (12) and second tin roller notch board (13), a part of seed falls into splicing dolly (21) by second tin roller notch board (13); The material that another part does not purify enters the 3rd cylinder (14), and under the effect of the 3rd cylinder top cover (15) and the 3rd cylinder concave (16), seed falls into splicing dolly (21) by the 3rd cylinder concave (16); Stalk enters crushed stalk tossed device (17) by the 3rd cylinder (14), and under the effect of crushed stalk moving knife (18) and stationary knife (20), stalk is shed outside machine by pulverizing;
E. utilize measurement and control system collection, record and show speed probe (5), data that rotating speed-torque sensor collects;
F. collect the material of discharging with the seed of process splicing dolly (21), straw outlet by hand, calculate feed quantity, threshing performance, entrainment loss, seed damage rate and threshing power consumption index.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105841982B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-28 | 金华职业技术学院 | A kind of experimental rig of united reaper |
| CN107290141A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-24 | 中南大学 | A kind of revolving cylinder testing stand |
| CN113899409B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-06-14 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Threshing part regulation and control test device and method |
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