CN211745304U - Fertilization test device based on vision - Google Patents
Fertilization test device based on vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN211745304U CN211745304U CN202020150248.7U CN202020150248U CN211745304U CN 211745304 U CN211745304 U CN 211745304U CN 202020150248 U CN202020150248 U CN 202020150248U CN 211745304 U CN211745304 U CN 211745304U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fertilization test device based on vision, include: the device comprises a workbench, wherein one side of the workbench is provided with an image acquisition device, the other side of the workbench is provided with a fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism, a soil conveying device is arranged between the image acquisition device and the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism, the image acquisition end of the image acquisition device is vertical to the soil conveying surface of the soil conveying device, and the fertilizer outlet end of the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism is arranged above the soil conveying surface and has a gap with the soil conveying surface; and the workbench is also provided with an image processing device, and the image processing device is electrically connected with the image acquisition device. The fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism conveys fertilizer to soil of the soil conveying device through the fertilizer outlet end to simulate fertilizer application, the soil after fertilizer application is conveyed to the image acquisition device, the image acquisition device acquires images of the soil after fertilizer application and sends the images to the image processing equipment, and the image processing equipment finally evaluates the fertilizer application effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an agricultural fertilization technical field, concretely relates to fertilization test device based on vision.
Background
At present, the annual output of chemical fertilizers in China accounts for 1/3 of the total amount of the world, the consumption accounts for 35 percent of the total amount of the world, and China becomes the biggest chemical fertilizer producing and consuming country in the world. The efficient fertilization is beneficial to reducing the use of the fertilizer, saving the production cost and reducing the environmental pollution. Excessive use of fertilizer can cause soil pollution, soil fertility reduction and crop yield reduction. In the fertilizing process, the accumulated fertilizer easily causes the root of crops to be burnt and soil to be hardened, and the excessive fertilizer cannot achieve the expected fertilizing effect. It is very important to accurately and efficiently evaluate the fertilization effect.
The fertilization effect is an important index for evaluating the performance and efficiency of the operation machine. The traditional manual point-taking measurement method has the limitations of low efficiency, high cost, large comprehensive error, large workload, limitation to measurement environment and the like, only reflects local information of fertilization operation, and cannot accurately evaluate the error of the whole operation period.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem, proposed following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the embodiment of the utility model provides a fertilization test device based on vision, include: the device comprises a workbench, wherein one side of the workbench is provided with an image acquisition device, the other side of the workbench is provided with a fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism, a soil conveying device is arranged between the image acquisition device and the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism, the image acquisition end of the image acquisition device is vertical to the soil conveying surface of the soil conveying device, and the fertilizer outlet end of the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism is arranged above the soil conveying surface and has a gap with the soil conveying surface; the workbench is also provided with an image processing device, and the image processing device is electrically connected with the image acquisition device.
By adopting the implementation mode, the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism conveys the fertilizer to the soil of the soil conveying device through the fertilizer outlet end to simulate fertilizer application, the soil after fertilizer application is conveyed to the image acquisition device, the image acquisition device acquires images of the soil after fertilizer application and sends the images to the image processing equipment, and the image processing equipment finally evaluates the fertilizer application effect. The measuring technology based on machine vision is a non-contact measuring method, and has the advantages of rapid and flexible data processing, small workload, strong on-site anti-interference capability and the like, and can well reproduce a measured image and reflect integral information.
In combination with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the soil conveying device includes a soil conveyor belt rack, the soil conveyor belt rack is fixedly arranged on the workbench, a roller transmission shaft is arranged at one end of the soil conveyor belt rack, a roller is arranged at the other end of the soil conveyor belt rack, and the roller transmission shaft and the roller are connected through transmission of the soil conveyor belt. The soil conveyer belt covers and wraps up on cylinder transmission shaft and cylinder, and cylinder transmission shaft and cylinder rotate and drive soil conveyer belt work, and wherein cylinder transmission shaft and cylinder pass through bearing and bearing frame and soil conveyer belt frame fixed connection, and the soil conveyer belt frame is the rectangle frame.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a first motor is further disposed on the workbench, and a rotation output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the drum transmission shaft. When the soil conveying belt is required to work, the first motor is controlled to work, and the rotating output shaft of the motor rotates to drive the roller transmission shaft to rotate.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a first motor driver, a first power supply, a power converter, and a single chip microcomputer are respectively disposed at positions of the workbench close to the first motor, the single chip microcomputer and the first motor driver are electrically connected to an output end of the power converter, and an input end of the power converter is electrically connected to the first power supply; the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the signal input end of the first motor driver, and the signal output end of the first motor driver is electrically connected with the first motor. The first power supplies power for the first motor driver and the single chip microcomputer through the power converter, and the first motor driver receives pulse signals sent by the single chip microcomputer and then controls the first motor to rotate.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the image capturing device includes a camera and a camera support, the camera support is movably disposed at one end, close to the roller transmission shaft, of the soil conveyor belt rack, the camera is fixedly disposed on the camera support, a shooting surface of the camera is perpendicular to a conveying surface of the soil conveyor belt, and the camera is in communication connection with the image processing device. The camera has wireless data transmission function, and the camera support comprises mutually perpendicular's horizontal pole and montant, and the horizontal pole is scalable pole, can stretch out and draw back along its axis direction. The camera passes through the bolt and installs in the terminal round hole of horizontal pole, and the montant links to each other with soil conveyer belt frame, but montant horizontal slip.
Combine the first possible implementation of first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation of first aspect, the fertilizer discharging is led fertile mechanism and is included fertilizer discharging mechanism and lead fertile mechanism, it includes the fertilizer can frame to lead fertile mechanism, the fertilizer can frame erects be close to in the soil conveyer belt frame the one end of cylinder, be provided with the fertilizer can in the fertilizer can frame, the bottom of fertilizer can is provided with leads the fertilizer board, the one end setting of leading the fertilizer board is in the fertilizer can, the other end is close to the conveying face of soil conveyer belt, fertilizer discharging mechanism sets up in the fertilizer can. Fertilizer particles are stored in the fertilizer box and are conveyed to the soil conveying belt through the fertilizer guide plate, and the shape of the fertilizer guide plate is horn-shaped.
Combine first aspect fifth possible implementation, in first aspect sixth possible implementation, arrange fertile mechanism and include the fertilizer distributor shell, the fertilizer distributor shell is fixed to be set up fertilizer can bottom, set up the fertilizer discharge auger in the fertilizer distributor shell, the fertilizer discharge auger passes through the rotation output shaft fixed connection of transmission shaft and second motor. The fertilizer discharging auger is used for conveying fertilizer from a fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box to the fertilizer pouring plate, is in a spiral shape and is positioned in the fertilizer discharging shell. The fertilizer distributor shell is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer distributing transmission shaft is used for transmitting the power of the second motor to the fertilizer distributing auger.
With reference to the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the apparatus further includes a second motor driver and a second power supply, where the second motor driver is electrically connected to the second motor, the single chip microcomputer, and the second power supply respectively. The second power supplies power for the second driver, and the second motor driver receives the pulse signal sent by the singlechip and then controls the second motor to rotate.
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a fixing support is further arranged on the fertilizer box rack, and the fertilizer guide plate is fixedly connected with the fixing support. The fixed support is used for fixing the fertilizer guide plate on the fertilizer box rack.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vision-based fertilization testing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fertilizer discharging auger provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 1-2, the symbols are represented as:
1-workbench, 2-soil conveyor belt rack, 3-roller transmission shaft, 4-roller, 5-soil conveyor belt, 6-first motor, 7-first motor driver, 8-first power supply, 9-power converter, 10-single chip microcomputer, 11-camera, 12-camera bracket, 13-fertilizer box rack, 14-fertilizer box, 15-fertilizer guide plate, 16-fixed bracket, 17-fertilizer discharger shell, 18-fertilizer discharger, 19-transmission shaft, 20-second motor, 21-second motor driver, 22-second power supply and 23-computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the utility model provides a structural schematic diagram of a fertilization test device based on vision, refer to fig. 1, the embodiment of the utility model provides a fertilization test device based on vision includes: the device comprises a workbench 1, wherein one side of the workbench 1 is provided with an image acquisition device, the other side of the workbench 1 is provided with a fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism, a soil conveying device is arranged between the image acquisition device and the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism, the image acquisition end of the image acquisition device is vertical to the soil conveying surface of the soil conveying device, and the fertilizer outlet end of the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism is arranged above the soil conveying surface and has a gap with the soil conveying surface; the workbench 1 is also provided with an image processing device, and the image processing device is electrically connected with the image acquisition device.
Further, soil conveyor includes soil conveyer belt frame 2, soil conveyer belt frame 2 is fixed to be set up on the workstation 1, the one end of soil conveyer belt frame 2 is provided with roller transmission shaft 3, and the other end is provided with cylinder 4, roller transmission shaft 3 with cylinder 4 passes through 5 transmission connections of soil conveyer belt. Soil conveyer belt 5 covers and wraps up on roller drive shaft 3 and cylinder 4, and roller drive shaft 3 and cylinder 4 rotate and drive soil conveyer belt 5 work, and wherein roller drive shaft 3 and cylinder 4 pass through bearing and bearing frame and 2 fixed connection of soil conveyer belt frame, and soil conveyer belt frame 2 is rectangular frame.
The workbench 1 is further provided with a first motor 6, and a rotating output shaft of the first motor 6 is fixedly connected with the roller transmission shaft 3. When the soil conveying belt 5 needs to work, the first motor 6 is controlled to work, and a rotating output shaft of the motor rotates to drive the roller transmission shaft 3 to rotate.
A first motor driver 7, a first power supply 8, a power converter 9 and a single chip microcomputer 10 are respectively arranged at the position, close to the first motor 6, of the workbench 1, the single chip microcomputer 10 and the first motor driver 7 are electrically connected with the output end of the power converter 9, and the input end of the power converter 9 is electrically connected with the first power supply 8; the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer 10 is electrically connected with the signal input end of the first motor driver 7, and the signal output end of the first motor driver 7 is electrically connected with the first motor 6. The first power supply 8 supplies power to the first motor driver 7 and the single chip microcomputer 10 through the power converter 9, and the first motor driver 7 receives a pulse signal sent by the single chip microcomputer 10 to further control the first motor 6 to rotate.
Image acquisition device includes camera 11 and camera support 12, camera support 12 activity sets up be close to in the soil conveyer belt frame 2 the one end of roller drive shaft 3, camera 11 is fixed to be set up on camera support 12, camera 11's the face perpendicular to of shooing the conveying face of soil conveyer belt 5, camera 11 with image processing equipment communication connection. The camera 11 has a wireless data transmission function, and the camera support 12 is composed of a cross bar and a vertical bar which are perpendicular to each other, wherein the cross bar is a telescopic bar and can be telescopic along the axis direction. Camera 11 passes through the bolt and installs in the terminal round hole of horizontal pole, and the montant links to each other with soil conveyer belt frame 2, but montant horizontal slip.
It constructs including fertilizer discharging mechanism and leads fertile mechanism to arrange fertile mechanism, it constructs including fertilizer case frame 13 to lead fertile mechanism, fertilizer case frame 13 erects be close to in the soil conveyer belt frame 2 the one end of cylinder 4, be provided with fertilizer case 14 on the fertilizer case frame 13, fertilizer case 14's bottom is provided with leads fertile board 15, the one end setting of leading fertile board 15 is in the fertilizer case 14, the other end is close to the conveying face of soil conveyer belt 5, fertilizer discharging mechanism sets up in the fertilizer case 14. Fertilizer particles are stored in the fertilizer box 14 and are conveyed to the soil conveyor belt 5 through a fertilizer guide plate 15, and the shape of the fertilizer guide plate 15 is horn-shaped. The fertilizer box frame 13 is also provided with a fixed support 16, and the fertilizer guide plate 15 is fixedly connected with the fixed support 16. The fixing bracket 16 is used for fixing the fertilizer guide plate 15 on the fertilizer box frame 13.
Referring to fig. 2, the fertilizer discharging mechanism comprises a fertilizer discharging shell 17, the fertilizer discharging shell 17 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 14, a fertilizer discharging auger 18 is arranged in the fertilizer discharging shell 17, and the fertilizer discharging auger 18 is fixedly connected with a rotating output shaft of a second motor 20 through a transmission shaft 19. The fertilizer discharging auger 18 is used for conveying fertilizer from the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box 14 to the fertilizer pouring plate, is in a spiral shape and is positioned in the fertilizer discharging shell 17. The fertilizer distributor shell 17 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 14, and the fertilizer distributing transmission shaft 19 is used for transmitting the power of the second motor 20 to the fertilizer distributing auger 18.
The device of the embodiment of the utility model also comprises a second motor driver 21 and a second power supply 22, the second motor driver 21 respectively with the second motor 20 the singlechip 10 with the second power supply 22 electricity is connected. The second power supply 22 supplies power to the second driver, and the second motor driver 21 receives the pulse signal sent by the single chip microcomputer 10 to control the second motor 20 to rotate.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an image processing equipment is computer 23, carries image processing system in the computer 23, uses Visual Studio software and carries the open CV open source computer vision storehouse to handle the image of gathering; the camera 11 is connected to the camera 11 through a built-in wireless transmission function, and the image of the object photographed by the camera 11 is transmitted to the computer 23.
And putting the fertilizer to be detected into a fertilizer box, controlling a second motor to rotate, driving the fertilizer discharging auger to work through a transmission shaft, and enabling the fertilizer to fall into the soil on the soil conveying belt through the fertilizer guide plate. And controlling the first motor to rotate to drive the soil conveying belt to start transmission until the soil conveying belt moves forward to a preset position, stopping the first motor and the second motor, and adjusting the camera to acquire the top image of the object to be detected.
And after the image processing equipment receives the top image of the object to be detected sent by the camera, an image processing system in the image processing equipment converts the top image of the object to be detected into a gray image with a gray value between 0 and 255. The method adopts a median filtering method to reduce the interference of various noise sources on the image of the object to be measured in the acquisition process and simultaneously protect the edge information of the imageAnd (4) information. Performing edge detection on the image of the object to be detected after threshold segmentation by using a Canny edge detection operator to obtain an edge image of the object to be detected, and calculating the area S of a single fertilizer imageiI ═ 1,2,3, …, n; in the target image, a sine image with the period of 2 pi and the amplitude of L/2 is made by taking the center point of the leftmost image as a starting point, wherein L is the width of the soil conveying belt. When the amplitude is 0 and +/-L/2, taking a square frame with a preset side length as a sampling point, taking m sampling points, and respectively counting the number N of fertilizer particles in the m sampling pointsi，i＝1,2,3,…,m。
Obtaining the total area of the fertilizer
SiIs the area of a single fertilizer, according to the total area S of the fertilizer and the soilGeneral assemblyObtaining the fertilizer coverage rate
Used for evaluating the fertilization effect; obtaining the uniformity of fertilization by the number of fertilizer particles in the sampling point
NmaxIs the maximum number of fertilizer particles in m sampling points, NminThe minimum number of fertilizer particles in the m sample points.
Taking the test object as a spherical fertilizer as an embodiment, the specific implementation process is as follows:
and the computer is started and is connected with the camera, the singlechip and the computer through the wireless transmission module, and the power supply is started to ensure the voltage supply of each part of the fertilization test device. The spherical fertilizer is placed in a fertilizer box, the image transmitted by the camera is observed in the computer, the focal length of the camera is adjusted according to the image, so that the image is clear, no fuzzy area exists, and the image quality is ensured. And controlling the second motor to start rotating, starting the fertilizer discharging auger to work, discharging the fertilizer from the fertilizer box, and falling into the soil of the soil conveyor belt through the fertilizer guide plate. At the moment, the first motor starts to work and drives the soil conveying belt to move forward, and when the conveying belt moves forward for a set length, the two motors stop working. The camera collects 1 fertilizer top image.
An image processing system in the image processing equipment performs graying, median filtering, pointer scanning multi-threshold segmentation and edge detection processes on the top image of the fertilizer to obtain a target image only containing the fertilizer and the number of particles in the area Si of the fertilizer. In the target image, a sinusoidal image with the period of 2 pi and the amplitude of L/2 (wherein L is the width of the soil conveying belt) is made by taking the center point of the leftmost image as a starting point. When the amplitude is 0 and +/-L/2, a square frame with the side length of 1cm is taken as a sampling point, and 5 points are taken in total. Respectively counting the number N of fertilizer particles in the five pointsi(i＝1,2,3,4,5)；
Determining total area S of fertilizer and using formula
To obtain the total area S, formula
And (5) obtaining the fertilizer coverage rate, and evaluating the fertilizing effect by using the coverage rate. The number N of fertilizer particles with five points is obtainediOf the type using
And evaluating the fertilization uniformity by using a phi value.
Assuming that the area S of the fertilizer is 50cm2，Nmax＝20,Nmin＝15,
SGeneral assemblyWhen 55 is satisfied, the formula
Calculating the fertilizer coverage rate
By using
The uniformity phi of the fertilizer was determined to be 72.22%. And finally, evaluating the fertilization effect by utilizing the fertilizer coverage rate and the fertilization uniformity.
According to the visual fertilization testing device, the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism conveys fertilizer to soil of the soil conveying device through the fertilizer outlet end to simulate fertilization, the soil after fertilization is conveyed to the image acquisition device, the image acquisition device acquires images of the soil after fertilization and sends the images to the image processing device, and the image processing device evaluates the fertilization effect finally. The measuring technology based on machine vision is a non-contact measuring method, and has the advantages of rapid and flexible data processing, small workload, strong on-site anti-interference capability and the like, and can well reproduce a measured image and reflect integral information.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and technical features of the present invention that are not described in the present application may be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and if it is replaced, the present invention is only combined with and described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the present invention should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A vision-based fertilization testing device, comprising: the device comprises a workbench, wherein one side of the workbench is provided with an image acquisition device, the other side of the workbench is provided with a fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism, a soil conveying device is arranged between the image acquisition device and the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism, the image acquisition end of the image acquisition device is vertical to the soil conveying surface of the soil conveying device, and the fertilizer outlet end of the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism is arranged above the soil conveying surface and has a gap with the soil conveying surface; the workbench is also provided with an image processing device, and the image processing device is electrically connected with the image acquisition device.
2. The vision-based fertilization testing device of claim 1, wherein the soil conveying device comprises a soil conveyor belt frame, the soil conveyor belt frame is fixedly arranged on the workbench, a roller transmission shaft is arranged at one end of the soil conveyor belt frame, a roller is arranged at the other end of the soil conveyor belt frame, and the roller transmission shaft and the roller are in transmission connection through a soil conveyor belt.
3. The vision-based fertilization testing device of claim 2, wherein a first motor is further arranged on the workbench, and a rotating output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with the roller transmission shaft.
4. The vision-based fertilization testing device of claim 3, wherein a first motor driver, a first power supply, a power converter and a single chip microcomputer are respectively arranged at positions of the workbench close to the first motor, the single chip microcomputer and the first motor driver are electrically connected with an output end of the power converter, and an input end of the power converter is electrically connected with the first power supply; the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the signal input end of the first motor driver, and the signal output end of the first motor driver is electrically connected with the first motor.
5. The vision-based fertilization testing device of claim 2, wherein the image acquisition device comprises a camera and a camera support, the camera support is movably arranged at one end of the soil conveyor belt frame close to the roller transmission shaft, the camera is fixedly arranged on the camera support, a shooting surface of the camera is perpendicular to a conveying surface of the soil conveyor belt, and the camera is in communication connection with the image processing equipment.
6. The vision-based fertilization test device of claim 2, wherein the fertilizer discharging and guiding mechanism comprises a fertilizer discharging mechanism and a fertilizer guiding mechanism, the fertilizer guiding mechanism comprises a fertilizer box frame, the fertilizer box frame is erected on the soil conveyor belt frame and close to one end of the roller, a fertilizer box is arranged on the fertilizer box frame, a fertilizer guiding plate is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, one end of the fertilizer guiding plate is arranged in the fertilizer box, the other end of the fertilizer guiding plate is close to the conveying surface of the soil conveyor belt, and the fertilizer discharging mechanism is arranged in the fertilizer box.
7. The vision-based fertilization test device according to claim 6, wherein the fertilizer discharging mechanism comprises a fertilizer discharging shell, the fertilizer discharging shell is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharging auger is arranged in the fertilizer discharging shell, and the fertilizer discharging auger is fixedly connected with a rotating output shaft of the second motor through a transmission shaft.
8. The vision-based fertilization testing device of claim 7, further comprising a second motor driver and a second power supply, the second motor driver being electrically connected to the second motor, the single chip microcomputer and the second power supply, respectively.
9. The vision-based fertilization testing device of claim 6, wherein a fixing support is further arranged on the fertilizer box frame, and the fertilizer guide plate is fixedly connected with the fixing support.
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| CN202020150248.7U CN211745304U (en) | 2020-02-03 | 2020-02-03 | Fertilization test device based on vision |
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| CN202020150248.7U CN211745304U (en) | 2020-02-03 | 2020-02-03 | Fertilization test device based on vision |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111165139A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-05-19 | 山东农业大学 | Visual-based fertilization test device and fertilization effect evaluation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111165139A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-05-19 | 山东农业大学 | Visual-based fertilization test device and fertilization effect evaluation method |
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