CN101977282A - Wild insect image automatic acquisition device and image acquisition method - Google Patents
Wild insect image automatic acquisition device and image acquisition method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wild insect image automatic acquisition device and an image acquisition method. The device comprises a pedestal, an acquisition operating platform, a shooting system and a control system and is characterized in that the acquisition operating platform is arranged on the pedestal along the X direction and the shooting system is arranged on the pedestal along the Y direction; the shooting system comprises a video camera, a microscopy zoom lens and a cold light source mounted on the video camera; the control system comprises a microcontroller and a PC connected with each other; the microcontroller controls an acquisition working platform to move along the X direction through an X direction feed unit and controls an acquisition working platform curtain to roll along the Z direction by the curtain on the acquisition operating platform and the video camera is connected with the PC. The invention features simple structure and low cost and can acquire and obtain the insect digital image in the natural state in real time, thus providing natural insect digital images for scientific researches, teaching and production practices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of open-air insect image automatic acquisition device, belong to the image collecting device technical field.
Background technology
Planthopper is a kind of migratory pest, and growth and breeding is fast, and the extent of injury is big, causes the serious underproduction of paddy rice easily.According to the State Standard of the People's Republic of China, light lures and surveys is " planthopper is observed and predicted the investigation standard " a kind of in (GB/T15794-1995).Make standard sources with the 200W incandescent lamp, the high ground 1.5m in lamp source, rain cover is set up in the top, below dress worm collecting bucket, bell mouth is dress poison bottle down.10d before the adult first meeting phase of early sending out the time, 10d finishes to the end period throughout the year.Turn on light before the darkness every day, turns off the light behind the daybreak.Day by day will lure adult counting, and identifying species.Therefore, obtaining field planthopper insect density is the important indicator that the control paddy rice is injured.Along with scientific technological advance,, identify that automatically the planthopper kind has become possibility according to the information in the planthopper image.Therefore, need the open-air planthopper image automatic acquisition device of a cover, obtain the insect digital picture in real time.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides insect image automatic acquisition devices such as a kind of open-air planthopper, insect digital picture under can realizing obtaining in real time in the raw, so that obtain field planthopper insect density, the prevention paddy rice is injured, and the insect digital picture of nature also is provided for scientific research, teaching, production practices.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of open-air insect image automatic acquisition device, comprise base, the collecting work platform, camera system and control system, it is characterized in that: described collecting work platform along X to being arranged on the base, camera system along Y to being arranged on the base, described camera system comprises video camera, be installed on micro-zoom lens and cold light source on the video camera, described control system comprises interconnective microcontroller and PC, described microcontroller by X to feed arrangement control collecting work platform along X to moving, microcontroller by the curtain driving device controls collecting work platform curtain on the collecting work platform along Z to rolling, described video camera links to each other with PC.
Aforesaid open-air insect image automatic acquisition device, it is characterized in that: described curtain drive unit comprises the drive roll that is arranged on the collecting work platform, described drive roll links to each other with the curtain drive unit, driven voller and drive roll be arranged in parallel, and collecting work platform curtain is connected between drive roll and the driven voller as conveyer belt.
Aforesaid open-air insect image automatic acquisition device is characterized in that: described collecting work platform curtain is white dacron curtain, and vertically arranges.
Aforesaid open-air insect image automatic acquisition device, it is characterized in that: the excircle at described drive roll and driven voller is provided with lining.
Aforesaid open-air insect image automatic acquisition device, it is characterized in that: described X comprises the collecting work platform drive unit that links to each other with microcontroller to feed arrangement, collecting work platform drive unit directly links to each other with screw mandrel, and described collecting work platform both sides are arranged on the base by guideway.
Aforesaid open-air insect image automatic acquisition device, it is characterized in that: described camera system comprises photographic light sources and video camera, described photographic light sources is annular cold light source, be arranged on the light source bracket, described video camera is arranged on the camera mount, and described light source bracket and camera mount are arranged at respectively on light source works platform and the video camera workbench.
Aforesaid open-air insect image automatic acquisition device, it is characterized in that: in described control system, the image pick-up card that links to each other with video camera is installed in the PCI slot of PC, insect image acquisition and processing module is installed on the PC, and described PC links to each other with microcontroller by the interface level conversion chip.
The image-pickup method of aforesaid open-air insect image automatic acquisition device is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1) system powers on, and utilizes the keyboard of microcontroller manually to adjust curtain drive unit and collecting work platform drive unit respectively, makes the collecting work platform arrive assigned address;
2) every 30 minutes, image of scanning collection;
3) each images acquired, the collecting work platform to displacement 50mm, sends signal to PC along X, and X stops 1s to motor, photographic images;
4) collecting work platform curtain to displacement 50mm, sends signal to PC along Z, and Z stops 1s to motor, photographic images, continuous operation 10 times;
5) collecting work platform X stops to displacement 50mm, carries out Z to work, repeats 5 times after the collecting work platform return initial position, each image taking carries out after the collecting work platform stops, and avoids occurring image incompleteness phenomenon;
6) video camera is input to the image input of image pick-up card to image information by cable, and operation image is caught program on the PC, and on request picture is saved in assigned address.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reached: the present invention is simple in structure, cost is low, can gather the insect digital picture under obtaining in the raw in real time, so that obtain field planthopper insect density, the prevention paddy rice is injured, and the insect digital picture of nature also is provided for scientific research, teaching, production practices.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an open-air insect image automatic acquisition device system works schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an open-air insect image automatic acquisition device overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that X is to feed system transmission sketch;
Fig. 4 is that X is to screw mandrel feed arrangement structural representation;
Fig. 5 forms schematic diagram for camera system;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of collecting work platform;
Fig. 7 is the application system of microcontroller among the present invention;
Fig. 8 is 7SH20403 on line figure;
Fig. 9 is KA-022W8 on line figure;
Figure 10 is a control flow chart of the present invention;
Figure 11 is PC and micro controller series communication hardware figure;
Figure 12 is an image pick-up card operation principle block diagram;
Figure 13 is the camera system flow chart.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Open-air insect image automatic acquisition device mainly is made of to feed arrangement and camera system control system, collecting work platform, X, as shown in Figure 1.According to the photosensitiveness of pouncing on of insects such as planthopper, select for use 160W planthopper to be lured and collect on the white dacron curtain from the ballast high pressure mercury fluorescent lamp, gather its digital picture; Control system control curtain drive unit and X be to the motion of feed arrangement, realize white curtain X to Z to motion, at regular intervals, real time scan is taken multiple image; Camera system obtains insect image feedback such as planthopper and gives computer by annular cold light source and video camera, carry out analysis of image data and handle.
Fig. 3 is that X is to feed arrangement transmission sketch.Described X comprises the collecting work platform drive unit 21 that links to each other with microcontroller to feed arrangement, and collecting work platform drive unit 21 directly links to each other with screw mandrel 22, and described collecting work platform both sides are arranged on the base 100 by guideway.The used motor of collecting work platform drive unit is the two-phase hybrid stepping motor.The microcontroller drive stepping motor, stepping motor and screw mandrel are direct-connected, and leading screw drive collecting work platform will rotatablely move and be converted to rectilinear motion, realize traverse feed.
Fig. 4 be X to screw mandrel feed arrangement structural representation, image numerical control harvester rotating speed of the present invention is medium, required precision is general, leading screw adopts the two end supports structure.
Guideway guarantees the proper exercise track of collecting work platform.Precision in this device middling speed, load is less, mainly play the guiding role, and selects car drawer slide rail.
The collecting work platform mainly is made up of curtain drive unit 11, drive roll 12, driven voller 13, images acquired workbench curtain 14 and frame 15 etc., as shown in Figure 6.According to the photosensitiveness of pouncing on of insects such as planthopper, select for use 160W planthopper to be lured on the dacron collecting work platform curtain that collects white from the ballast high pressure mercury fluorescent lamp.Through experiment, collecting work platform curtain uses the dacron calico, can collect the sample image of planthopper under the nature on the one hand; On the other hand, the image background color is single, convenient image processing later on.The curtain drive unit is the belted power resources of collecting work platform curtain, adopts stepping motor, and by input stepping motor pulse frequency decision rotating speed, stepping motor is selected PX245-11A for use.
Driving drum adopts axle as drive roll, covers the bigger lining of coefficient of friction on the power transmission shaft, increases skin-friction coefficient, increase the tractive effort that frictional force improves transmission device, stepping motor and power transmission shaft are direct-connected, transferring power, and collecting work platform curtain drives driven voller.Driven voller also adopts axle, the lining that the surface coverage coefficient of friction is bigger.In view of the little moment of torsion of this device, directly adopt the transmission of collecting work platform curtain, curtain adopts mechanical splice, and is detachable.Curtain is as the screen of gathering insects such as planthopper simultaneously, and subregion images acquired size is about 50mm * 50mm, curtain size 250mm * 500mm.
The camera system basic hardware mainly contains annular cold light source 31 and video camera 32, is installed on light source works platform 102 and the video camera workbench 101, constitutes camera system, as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 5 forms schematic diagram for camera system, and open-air photographic light sources adopts OPT-DP1024-4HT annular cold light source.This cold light source has the illuminating effect of fine and smooth soft, distinct, shadow-free, no spot, can gather insect images such as clear high-quality planthopper by annular cold light source and video camera.Cold light source support 33 is combined by two armature brackets, and it is little to take up room, and connects by bolt, can adjust the light source height up and down, and light source distance is adjusted in front and back, and can 360 ° of rotation light sources, realizes that multiple spurs arbitrarily adjusts from multi-angle, is beneficial to IMAQ and shooting.
Video camera is the colorful digital video camera, and adopt ccd video camera that following advantage is arranged: digital signal is a processing signal, and processing signal has stability preferably for clutter being arranged and easily producing the external environment condition and the circuit condition of distortion.Camera mount 34 is formed (Fig. 5) by bolted three parts, can adjust camera height up and down, and can 180 ° of rotary cameras.Video camera is connected on the support with bolt, and integral support is succinctly easy to operate.
Annular cold light source and cold light source support are installed on the light source works platform 102, by the bolt adjustable range of both sides guide rail top; Video camera and camera mount are installed on the video camera workbench 101, finely tune video camera workbench longitudinal separation by feed screw nut, and then realize the fine setting of distance between video camera and light source and the curtain.Light source works platform 102 and video camera workbench 101 are installed in (Fig. 2) on the base 100.
The images acquired size is unified to be the 768*576 pixel of standard, and operating distance is 190mm, and enlargement ratio is 0.3X.First set a distance 190mm between video camera and the collecting work platform curtain, the level angle collection, camera system can carry out the adjustment of shooting angle and the fine setting of shooting distance.
Angle adjustment: regulate video camera and light source bracket, ccd video camera can carry out 90 ° of adjustment, and annular light source can carry out 360 ° of adjustment, and camera mount and light source bracket can change upper-lower position by the bolt position adjustment, realizes the adjustment of shooting angle.
Distance is adjusted: the distance between video camera and the collecting work platform curtain is 190mm, can be by the distance of terminal leading screw manual fine-tuning video camera and collecting work platform curtain, simultaneously can adjust the light source works platform by bolt, adjust the distance of annular light source and collecting work platform curtain, realize the clear collection of insect sample image.
Figure 10 is automatic shooting system control block diagram, and control system is made up of PC, microcontroller, colour TV camera 32 (Fig. 2), cold light source 31, image pick-up card, driver etc., realizes that open-air insect image collecting device moves automatically, the scanning shoot multiple image.To motion, colour TV camera obtains digital picture to microprocessor controls collecting work platform X to, collecting work platform curtain Z.
Microcontroller is that the major part with microcomputer is integrated in an one chip microcomputer on the chip.Microcontroller is selected AT89C52 for use, and it constitutes the minimal application system of open-air insect image automatic acquisition device drive controlling, as shown in Figure 7.
AT89C52 is a kind of low-loss, high-performance CMOS eight-bit microcontroller, 8K bytes Flash, 256 byte RAM, 32 I/O lines, three 16 bit timing device/counters, 2 grades of interrupt structures of one 6 vector, the full duplex serial ports is supported the 2 kinds of softwares that can select energy-saving mode.
The realization of device control
System powers on, and utilizes keyboard to adjust X, Z respectively to motor, makes it arrive assigned address.The timer/counter 0 of AT89C52 microcontroller is operated in mode 1,16 digit counter; Timer/counter 1 is operated in mode 2, is reloaded into 8 digit counters of initial value automatically; Serial port is operated in 2,9 universal asynchronous receiver of mode, and baud rate is 9600; System opens interruption.
Device was gathered one time image every 30 minutes.Collecting work platform curtain size 250mm * 500mm, the image acquisition areas size is about 50mm * 50mm.Collecting work platform curtain Z sends signal to displacement 50mm to PC, and Z stops 1s to motor, photographic images, continuous operation 10 times.Collecting work platform X stops to displacement 50mm, carries out Z to work, repeat 5 times after the collecting work platform return initial position.Each image taking carries out after the collecting work platform stops, and avoids occurring the incomplete phenomenon of image.Device drive controlling flow process as shown in figure 10.
The automatic shooting system is made up of annular cold light source, colour TV camera, micro-zoom lens, image pick-up card, PC etc.Light source is disposed between collecting work platform curtain and the camera, the CCD camera is installed in light source the place ahead of collecting work platform curtain, up and down, the left and right sides is adjustable, image pick-up card is installed in the PCI slot of PC, and insect IMAQ and other softwares such as planthopper are installed on the PC.
Before the darkness, open 160W, lure collection field insect to comprise that planthopper climbs on the collecting work platform curtain that is attached to the dacron calico from the ballast high pressure mercury fluorescent lamp.At regular intervals, start camera system automatically, finish the digital image capture work of whole collecting work platform curtain.Ccd video camera is input to the image input of image pick-up card to image information by cable, and operation image is caught program on the PC, and on request picture is saved in assigned address.
Because what PC adopted is the RS-232C standard signal, be the Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal and the AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer adopts, so when carrying out serial communication, must carry out the interface level conversion.Employing has the MAX232 chip (Figure 11) of bi-directional conversion function, and 9,10 pins are Transistor-Transistor Logic level ends, connects serial port of single chip computer.
Video capture card is selected from China DaHeng (group) Co., Ltd, and model is DH-CG410.It has the characteristics such as flexible, that integrated level is high, low in energy consumption of using, because employing is pci bus, the image data transmission of being gathered does not take the CPU time substantially, and image directly can be sent to calculator memory or video memory.
Video image is delivered to data buffer through multi-channel switcher, decoder, A/D converter with digitized view data.Through cutting out, after ratio compression and the Data Format Transform, being covered and transfer of data by the internal control image, the transfer of data target location is determined by software, can be video memory, also can be calculator memory.The operation principle block diagram of DH-CG410 video image acquisition as shown in figure 12.
The AT89C52 serial port is the asynchronous serial communication interface of a full duplex, can transmit and receive data simultaneously.
Serial port control register SCON: special function register SCON is control and a state information of depositing serial port, has the bit addressing function, and its form is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 serial port control register
?SM0 | SM1 | SM2 | REN | TB8 | RB8 | TI | RI |
SM0, SM1: the serial port mode is selected the position.Function is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 serial port working method
?SM0 | SM1 | Pattern | Function | Baud rate |
?0 | 0 | 0 | Synchronous shift register | fosc/12 |
?0 | 1 | 1 | 8 UART | Variable |
?1 | 0 | 2 | 9 UART | Fosc/32 or fosc/64 |
?1 | 1 | 3 | 9 UART | Variable |
SM2: permission mode 2 and 3 multi-computer communication enable bit.
REM: allow serial ports to receive the position.
TB8:, be the 9th bit data that sends for mode 2 and 3.
RB8:, be the 9th bit data that receives for mode 2 and 3; For mode 0, do not use RB8; For mode 1, as SM2=0, RB8 is the position of rest that receives.
TI: send and interrupt the sign position.
RI: receive and interrupt the sign position.
Baud rate is the figure place that per second can send in serial communication.Serial port working method 1, timer/counter 1 working method 2 forbids that timer/counter 1 interrupts.
Baud rate=2
SMOD* crystal oscillator frequency/[32 * 12 (256-TH1)]
SMOD: baud rate coefficient control bit among the power supply control register PCON.
TH1: timer/counter 1 initial value.
Communication protocol is the agreement of communication equipment before communication, communicates between PC and the single-chip microcomputer, in both sides' programming procedure, following agreement is arranged:
0xA1: single-chip microcomputer reads the P0 port data, and reading of data is returned PC;
0xA2: single-chip microcomputer receives one section control data from PC;
0xA3: single-chip microcomputer operation successful information;
The 0xF8:PC machine starts camera and takes signal.
In system work process, after single-chip microcomputer receives the PC data message, just search agreement, finish corresponding operation.When single-chip microcomputer receives 0xA1, read the P0 port data, and reading of data is returned PC; When single-chip microcomputer received 0xA2, single-chip microcomputer was waited for from PC and is received one section control data; When PC receives 0xA3, show single-chip microcomputer operation success; The data that single-chip microcomputer sends to PC are during after testing for 0xF8, and PC starts camera and takes.
Upper machine communication is provided with
The implement device automatic shooting, one inserts communication program in the PC photographing program, and one adds communication program in the Single-chip Controlling program.
After the serial communication initialization, promptly can accept the pulse signal of single-chip microcomputer, the data-signal of setting single-chip microcomputer here is 0XF8, and when that is to say that data that single-chip microcomputer sends to PC are after testing for 0XF8, PC can start the camera photographing program.
Camera system is realized
It is 9600bit/s that the automatic shooting system is provided with baud rate, serial port working method 1, timer/counter 1 working method 2.The device operation is made up of drive controlling and automatic shooting two parts, and after the collecting work face moved to assigned address, microcontroller serial port sent signal to PC, and when the data of PC were 0xF8 after testing, PC started video camera and takes.The camera system flow chart as shown in figure 13.
Below disclose the present invention with preferred embodiment, so it is not in order to restriction the present invention, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the equivalent transformation mode is obtained, all drops within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. open-air insect image automatic acquisition device, comprise base, the collecting work platform, camera system and control system, it is characterized in that: described collecting work platform along X to being arranged on the base, camera system along Y to being arranged on the base, described camera system comprises video camera, be installed on micro-zoom lens and cold light source on the video camera, described control system comprises interconnective microcontroller and PC, described microcontroller by X to feed arrangement control collecting work platform along X to moving, microcontroller by the curtain driving device controls collecting work platform curtain on the collecting work platform along Z to rolling, described video camera links to each other with PC.
2. open-air insect image automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described curtain drive unit comprises the drive roll that is arranged on the collecting work platform, described drive roll links to each other with the curtain drive unit, driven voller and drive roll be arranged in parallel, and collecting work platform curtain is connected between drive roll and the driven voller as conveyer belt.
3. open-air insect image automatic acquisition device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described collecting work platform curtain is white dacron curtain, and vertically arranges.
4. open-air insect image automatic acquisition device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the excircle at described drive roll and driven voller is provided with lining.
5. open-air insect image automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described X comprises the collecting work platform drive unit that links to each other with microcontroller to feed arrangement, collecting work platform drive unit directly links to each other with screw mandrel, and described collecting work platform both sides are arranged on the base by guideway.
6. open-air insect image automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described camera system comprises photographic light sources and video camera, described photographic light sources is annular cold light source, be arranged on the light source bracket, described video camera is arranged on the camera mount, and described light source bracket and camera mount are arranged at respectively on light source works platform and the video camera workbench.
7. open-air insect image automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described control system, the image pick-up card that links to each other with video camera is installed in the PCI slot of PC, insect image acquisition and processing module is installed on the PC, and described PC links to each other with microcontroller by the interface level conversion chip.
8. the image-pickup method of open-air insect image automatic acquisition device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1) system powers on, and utilizes the keyboard of microcontroller manually to adjust curtain drive unit and collecting work platform drive unit respectively, makes the collecting work platform arrive assigned address;
2) every 30 minutes, image of scanning collection;
3) each images acquired, the collecting work platform to displacement 50mm, sends signal to PC along X, and X stops 1s to motor, photographic images;
4) collecting work platform curtain to displacement 50mm, sends signal to PC along Z, and Z stops 1s to motor, photographic images, continuous operation 10 times;
5) collecting work platform X stops to displacement 50mm, carries out Z to work, repeats 5 times after the collecting work platform return initial position, each image taking carries out after the collecting work platform stops, and avoids occurring image incompleteness phenomenon;
6) video camera is input to the image input of image pick-up card to image information by cable, and operation image is caught program on the PC, and on request picture is saved in assigned address.
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CN105394010A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-03-16 | 河南科技学院 | Wild insect image automatic acquisition device and image acquisition method thereof |
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