CN102277227B - Method for extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil from mustard seeds - Google Patents
Method for extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil from mustard seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN102277227B CN102277227B CN 201010208371 CN201010208371A CN102277227B CN 102277227 B CN102277227 B CN 102277227B CN 201010208371 CN201010208371 CN 201010208371 CN 201010208371 A CN201010208371 A CN 201010208371A CN 102277227 B CN102277227 B CN 102277227B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil from mustard seeds. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: coldly pressing mustard seeds at 40-45 DEG C to produce a mustard seed dreg cake and mustard oil; adding water which is 4-10 times as much as the weight of the mustard seed dreg cake into the mustard seed dreg cake; agitating the mixture of the mustard seed dreg cake and the water and heating the mixture to about 40-70 DEG C; distilling the mixture of the mustard seed dreg cake and the water by utilizing steam to produce an oil-water mixture and residues; separating mustard essential oil and water in the distilled oil-water mixture; drying the residues by a belt-type filter press and a heat pump and then pressing or extracting by an organic solvent to produce the mustard oil and final residues, wherein the final residues can be used as raw materials of animal feed. According to the method provided by the invention, the mustard essential oil can be extracted from the mustard seeds in a large batch; as the technical flow is improved, the output and the output efficiency of the mustard oil and the mustard essential oil are improved in a large scale and the mustard seeds are completely utilized.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of mustard seed treatment process, especially about a kind of method of from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil.
Background technology
The mustard seed is a kind of agricultural-food of very economically valuable, and it includes abundant grease, has pressed the dregs rich in proteins behind the oil, is good animal feed ingredient.In addition, also contain a kind of chemical ingredients-sinigrin in the mustard seed, sinigrin is being hydrolyzed under the myrosin effect and after distillation, can obtaining being mainly the mustard essential oil of allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil.
The mustard essential oil is wide a kind of seasonings popular to people, and its main pungency component is allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil, and its pungent is strong, but the secretion of saliva stimulating and gastric juice has the effect of appetizing, can whet the appetite.The choke staple of nose of mustard is an allyl mustard oil, and this composition not only can prevent decayed tooth, to preventing cancer, and anti-hemostatic tube grumeleuse, treatment asthma waits also has certain effect.Mustard oil also has the effect of beautifying face and moistering lotion, and in body beautification circle, mustard oil is good massage oil.
Mustard essential oil and mustard oil all are to be processed by the mustard seed.The precursor substance that contains the pungent substance allyl mustard oil in the mustard seed---sinigrin; Its hydrolyzable under the effect of myrosin goes out pungent substances such as allyl mustard oil; Yet; Myrosin is a kind of protein, and the tool thermolability will begin because of the protein denaturation loss of activity being higher than under 45 ℃ the environment.
Because what traditional milling process used is the hot moulding method; And high temperature can make the myrosin loss of activity; Make it can't the hydrolysis sinigrin to generate allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil, therefore, in order to bring into play the economic worth of mustard seed effectively; The practice in past is to be crushed to 20-40 purpose particle size to doing earlier to roll before the mustard seed oil expression, adds the water fermentation that is hydrolyzed.Then with steam distilled mode the mustard essential oil is taken out, mustard seed dregs extract oil after drying again.Owing to must remove the moisture in the mustard seed dregs before the oil expression; Therefore generally only add a spot of water in the process of hydrolysed ferment; Be 30%～40% of mustard seed weight approximately, so just can't effectively let the fermentation that is hydrolyzed of myrosin catalysis sinigrin, the efficient of extracting the mustard essential oil is quite low.
Moreover because before extracting the mustard essential oil, mustard oil does not separate taking-up, when steam distillation, the mustard oil that proportion is lighter than water can bring inconvenience to steam extraction mustard essential oil, has more lowered the amount that can extract the mustard essential oil.Such situation also can cause the increase of vapor distillation energy consumption.
At last, the remaining residue of vapor distillation squeezes after with belt filter press and heat pump drying again or proposes remaining mustard oil with organic solvent extracting, can improve as the relative protein contnt in the final dregs of animal-feed raw material.
Application number is 89107746.4 patent---mustard oil making technology is traditional mustard seed complete processing; Following narration is wherein arranged: work as processing condition; (amount of water＜30% when being lower than the lower value of above-mentioned each operation; PH value＜5, stewing system time＜2 hour, distillation time＜0.5 hour) the going out rate and will reduce of tori seed oil; When being higher than the higher limit of above-mentioned each operation, go out the rate except that influencing tori seed oil, to return the production operation management and bring a series of trouble, economical effectiveness is also bad.This amount of water that is traditional technology when extracting the mustard essential oil is restricted to 30%～40% reason of mustard seed weight.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, to the defective in the treatment process of existing mustard seed, the invention provides a kind of method of from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil is provided, the method includes the steps of: at 40 ℃～45 ℃ following cold press mustard seeds, generate a mustard seed blob of slag and mustard oil; Water to a mustard seed blob of slag that adds 4～10 times of mustard seed blob of slag weight; Stir the mixture of a mustard seed blob of slag and water and be heated to about 40 ℃-70 ℃; The condition that keeps 40 ℃-70 ℃ and PH4～7, hydrolysis 2 hours; Use the mixture of a vapor distillation mustard seed blob of slag and water, generate oil-water mixture and residue; Separate mustard essential oil and water in the distilled oil-water mixture; Residue squeezes or carries with organic solvent extracting after with belt filter press and heat pump drying, generates mustard oil and final dregs.
Wherein, cold press mustard seed is to use the screw oil expeller cold press mustard seed with cooling system.
Wherein, the hydrolysed ferment pH value of the mixture of a mustard seed blob of slag and water is 4～7, and the hydrolysed ferment time is about 2 hours.
Wherein, the speed of the mixture of a stirring mustard seed blob of slag and water is 30rpm.
Wherein, the staple of mustard essential oil is allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil (look employed mustard seed kind and decide).
Wherein, this method also comprises: separate residue and moisture.
The screw oil expeller cold press mustard seed that employing has cooling system has following advantage, and the utilization screw oil expeller can large batch of continous way production.The press for extracting juice thorax of screw oil expeller is under the effect of cooling system, and processing temperature is no more than 45 ℃, under the operation of continous way in enormous quantities, most mustard oil is separated taking-up, the activity of myrosin in the mustard seed blob of slag that can also keep being left.
Because most of mustard oil takes out, can add more water in the step of hydrolysed ferment, generally speaking can add the water of 4～10 times of mustard seed blob of slag weight, preferably add the water of 4～5 times of mustard seed blob of slag weight, fermentation is hydrolyzed.The consumption of water is big, can stir effectively and a mustard seed blob of slag is mixed with water fully, and myrosin also can fully play effect, and sinigrin is changed into allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil.
Then, in the vapor distillation that extracts the mustard essential oil, taking out under most of mustard oil condition, except that steam can extract the mustard essential oil effectively, steam distilled power consumption can reduce.
At last, residue with belt filter press and heat pump drying after with the remaining mustard oil of SX, the protein relative content in the final dregs is improved, thereby has promoted the quality of the final dregs that can be used as the animal-feed raw material.
Use method provided by the invention can realize from the mustard seed, extracting in enormous quantities the mustard essential oil; Because the improvement of technical process; Except that can obtaining high-quality mustard oil; The output of mustard essential oil and output efficiency also can both increase substantially, and final dregs can be used as high-quality animal-feed raw material because of the protein relative content is higher, the mustard seed is all utilized.
Description of drawings
The reader with reference to advantages after the embodiment of the present invention, will become apparent all respects of the present invention.Wherein,
Fig. 1 illustrates the conventional process flow figure that from the mustard seed, extracts mustard oil and mustard essential oil; And
Fig. 2 illustrates the process flow sheet that from the mustard seed, extracts mustard oil and mustard essential oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[primary clustering nomenclature]
100～110: step
200～212: step
Embodiment
Below will and specify clear explaination embodiment of the present invention with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, it illustrates the conventional process flow figure that from the mustard seed, extracts mustard oil and mustard essential oil.As shown in the figure; In step 100; The moisture that in the mustard seed raw material, adds its weight 30%～40% fermentation that is hydrolyzed; Owing to contain precursor substance---the sinigrin of pungent substance allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil in the mustard seed, it is understood hydrolysed ferment 6 hours and produces pungent substances such as allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil under the effect of myrosin.Then get into step 102, use the oil-water mixture that steam distilled method will contain allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil to distillate.In step 104; Oil-water mixture to containing allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil carries out oily water separation; So just obtained containing the mustard essential oil of allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil, last, step 106; The mustard essential oil is made with extra care, is finally obtained finished product---high purity mustard essential oil.After step 102; Also will carry out step 108; In step 108, allyl mustard oil in the mixture of mustard seed and water or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil are distillated, and also contain 40% vegetables oil---the mustard oil of having an appointment in the remaining mustard seed; Therefore the mixture with mustard seed and water dries, and just removes moisture.Following step 110 is carried out hot moulding with the mustard seed of removing most of moisture and is handled, and extracts the mustard oil that wherein contains.
Can know by the process flow sheet shown in Fig. 1; Because the mustard seed is used hot moulding technology; Its processing temperature is up to about 100 ℃; Such high temperature can destroy myrosin, makes it loss of activity and can't in follow-up step, be hydrolyzed and generate allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil by the catalysis sinigrin.Therefore must before to the oil expression of mustard seed, carry out hydrolysed ferment.But must remove the moisture in the mustard seed before the oil expression; Therefore can only add less water in the process of hydrolysed ferment; Be about 30%～40% of mustard seed weight, and contain a large amount of mustard oils in the mustard seed this moment, so not only thorough hydrolysed ferment; And when carrying out vapor distillation, be present in the mustard oil of having separated out in the still kettle, can influence steam to the mustard extracts essential oil.
Then please with reference to Fig. 2, it illustrates the process flow sheet that from the mustard seed, extracts mustard oil and mustard essential oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.In step 200; Use has the screw oil expeller cold press exsiccant mustard seed of cooling system; Because the cold press temperature is between about 40 ℃～45 ℃; Myrosin can loss of activity under this temperature, still can the catalysis sinigrin in follow-up step is hydrolyzed and generates allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil.In this step, also can the most of mustard oil that contain in the mustard seed be squeezed out.The mustard seed is generated a mustard seed blob of slag and mustard oil by cold press in step 200 back, gets into step 202, owing to contain myrosin in the mustard seed blob of slag, in a mustard seed blob of slag, adds the water of 4～10 times of a mustard seed blob of slag weight this moment, generally speaking is preferably about 4～5 times.The mixture heating up of a blob of slag and water to about 40 ℃-70 ℃, is controlled at about 4-7 with PH, and stirs, and the hydrolysed ferment through about 2 hours fully acts on myrosin, generation allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil.Follow step 204; Use steam distilled method to distillate, in this step, will obtain the residue that contains the oil-water mixture of allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil and contain moisture with the oil-water mixture that the stirring velocity of about 30rpm will contain allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil.In step 206, the oil-water mixture that contains allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil is carried out oily water separation, obtain the mustard essential oil.Then in step 208, the mustard essential oil made with extra care and obtain high purity mustard essential oil, the pick-up rate of high purity mustard essential oil (by mustard seed Mass Calculation) is about 5 ‰.After step 204; Also will carry out step 210, owing to still contain a small amount of mustard oil in the mustard seed blob of slag that in step 200, generates, in order to utilize the mustard seed more economically; The method of using belt filter press and heat pump drying is with the water sepn in the residue; Carry out step 212 at last, the exsiccant residue is extracted oil once more or carries out the extraction of mustard oil with organic solvent, to obtain wherein remaining mustard oil to reach the purpose that makes full use of the mustard seed.Last dregs can be used as one of raw material of making animal-feed because of the protein relative content is higher.
Can know by process flow sheet shown in Figure 2; Because the mustard seed is used cold pressing process; Make the myrosin can Yin Gaowen and lose activity, therefore can earlier mustard oil be extracted, so just can in containing the mustard seed blob of slag of myrosin, add large quantity of moisture to make its abundant hydrolysed ferment; Under stirring effectively, can get more complete with shorter time hydrolysed ferment.And, because most mustard oil is squeezed out in the mustard seed, when carrying out vapor distillation, do not have a large amount of mustard oils and disturb, make that the mustard extracts essential oil is more efficient.
Use the method for from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil provided by the invention, utilization has the screw oil expeller of cooling system can realize large batch of continous way production.The press for extracting juice thorax of screw oil expeller is under the effect of cooling system, and processing temperature is no more than 45 ℃, under the operation of continous way in enormous quantities, most mustard oil is separated taking-up, the activity of myrosin in the mustard seed blob of slag that can also keep being left.Utilization cold press mode can be except can obtaining high-quality mustard oil; Under the situation that most of mustard oil has been removed; Through strict control hydrolysis condition and hydrolytic process, the yield of mustard essential oil can reach 5～10 ‰, has improved the utilization ratio of mustard seed greatly; In the process flow sheet shown in Figure 1, the oil yield of mustard essential oil is then generally 3～5 ‰.In the mixture of the follow-up fermentation hydrolysis of a blob of slag; In the step with steam extraction mustard essential oil; Can reduce the distillatory energy consumption, final dregs can obtain better economic benefit because of the protein relative content is higher as the animal-feed raw material, have so just realized from the mustard seed, extracting in enormous quantities the mustard essential oil; And the output and the output efficiency of mustard oil and mustard essential oil all increase substantially, and the mustard seed is all utilized.
In the preceding text, illustrate and describe embodiment of the present invention.But those skilled in the art can understand, and under situation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also specific embodiments of the invention do various changes and replacement.These changes and replacement all drop in claims of the present invention institute restricted portion.
Claims (5)
1. method of from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil is characterized in that said method comprises the following step:
A. at 40 ℃～45 ℃ following cold press mustard seeds, generate a mustard seed blob of slag and mustard oil;
B. add in water to the said mustard seed blob of slag of 4～10 times of said mustard seed blob of slag weight;
C. stir the mixture of a said mustard seed blob of slag and water and be heated to 40 ℃ of-70 ℃ of fermentations that are hydrolyzed, the pH value of said hydrolysed ferment is controlled at 4 to 7;
D. use the mixture of a vapor distillation said mustard seed blob of slag and water, generate oil-water mixture and residue;
E. separate mustard essential oil and water in the said oil-water mixture of distilled;
F. said residue squeezes or carries with organic solvent extracting after with belt filter press and heat pump drying, generates mustard oil and final dregs.
2. the method for from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, uses the said mustard seed of screw oil expeller cold press with cooling system.
3. the method for from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hydrolysed ferment time of the mixture of a said mustard seed blob of slag and water is 2 hours.
4. the method for from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that the speed that stirs the mixture of a said mustard seed blob of slag and water is 30rpm.
5. the method for from the mustard seed, extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that the staple of said mustard essential oil is allyl mustard oil or hydroxy-benzyl mustard oil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010208371 CN102277227B (en) | 2010-06-13 | 2010-06-13 | Method for extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil from mustard seeds |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010208371 CN102277227B (en) | 2010-06-13 | 2010-06-13 | Method for extracting mustard oil and mustard essential oil from mustard seeds |
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| CN102277227A CN102277227A (en) | 2011-12-14 |
| CN102277227B true CN102277227B (en) | 2012-12-12 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103315956B (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-12-23 | 武汉大学 | A kind of mustard oil nano-emulsion and preparation method thereof |
| CN104366502B (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2016-03-16 | 全椒县尹氏油脂有限公司 | A kind of health care scallion oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108130192B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江舟山彩麟之食品有限公司 | Method for extracting high-purity mustard essential oil from mustard seeds |
| CN109329451A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-15 | 汉源昊业食品有限公司 | A kind of method of efficient pressing Zanthoxylum essential oil |
| CN109609253A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-12 | 汉源县川博食品有限公司 | A kind of production method of fresh zanthoxylum oil |
| CN113975941B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2024-04-16 | 湖北来凤腾升香料化工有限公司 | Intelligent spice and essence waste air purification equipment and application method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1050896A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-04-24 | 天津市调味品研究所 | Mustard oil making technology |
| CN1579222A (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-16 | 酒井四郎 | Fractionation of allyl isothiocyanate, p-hydroxybenzyl-isothiocyanate, protein and fiber from mustard |
-
2010
- 2010-06-13 CN CN 201010208371 patent/CN102277227B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1050896A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-04-24 | 天津市调味品研究所 | Mustard oil making technology |
| CN1579222A (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-16 | 酒井四郎 | Fractionation of allyl isothiocyanate, p-hydroxybenzyl-isothiocyanate, protein and fiber from mustard |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 田福祯等.从芥末中提取芥子油的研究.《化学世界》.1992,(第9期),第395-397页. * |
| 赵元藩等.丙烯基芥末油的生产工艺研究.《云南化工》.1995,(第2期),第13-16页. * |
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Address after: Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province town of 215337 Beijing Granville Road, No. 68 Patentee after: Hong Fang Biotechnology (Kunshan) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215337 No. 267 Sinpo Road, Newtown, Jiangsu, Kunshan Patentee before: HONGFANG FLAVOR (KUNSHAN) Co.,Ltd. |
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