CN102269088B - 用于涡轮应用的具有气流旋转和噪音吸收器的进气系统 - Google Patents
用于涡轮应用的具有气流旋转和噪音吸收器的进气系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及应用于涡轮增压器的具有气流旋转和噪音吸收器的进气系统。进气系统包括圆柱形的主流管,设置在主流管内部的螺旋叶片,和优选的,设置在主流管内部与螺旋叶片同心的吸音多孔管。螺旋叶片的扭曲方向提供了与涡轮的旋转方向相同的气流旋转。螺旋叶片造成噪音反射并且通过多孔管和相邻的一个或多个声腔实现更进一步的噪声衰减。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于涡轮增压器的进气系统,并且更具体地涉及一种这样的进气系统,其在涡轮增压器的涡轮的上游产生与其旋转方向相同的气流旋转,且进一步衰减涡轮增压器噪音。
发明背景
内燃机的涡轮增压器利用旋转的涡轮,从上游的进气壳体中吸取空气,并且将现在处于压力下的空气传送到下游的发动机进气歧管中。问题是,涡轮增压器需要动力来操作,其不仅包括旋转涡轮所需的动力,而且包括克服进气壳体中压力损失所需的动力。还存在这样的问题,涡轮增压器在其运行期间产生噪音,噪音会在进气壳体的进气口处不希望地逃脱。
当设计用于涡轮增压器的进气系统时,需要考虑,例如,气流力学、车辆动力学、材料科学和制造工艺以及可能与系统应用相关的其他因素。尤其从对改进的发动机性能、涡轮增压器操控性能、燃料经济性以及排放降低的日益增长的需求来看,最小化进气壳体处的压力损失以及降低从中排出的涡轮增压器噪音是一个挑战。因此,涡轮增压器进气系统已经变成高度设计的产品,其主要集成传感器、振动去耦合装置、噪音调谐器以及排放控制装置。通过这些集成元件,进气系统往往更易于受到气流的限制。
因此,在涡轮增压器进气壳体的技术领域中所需的是用某种方法设计一种进气壳体,其最小化压力损失,帮助提高涡轮的性能并且最小化涡轮增压器噪音的逃脱。
发明内容
本发明是一种用于涡轮增压器的改进的进气系统,其最小化压力损失,促进涡轮的功能,并且最小化涡轮增压器噪音的逃脱。
根据本发明的改进的进气系统包括圆柱形的主流管、设置在主流管内的螺旋叶片,和优选的,设置在主流管内与螺旋叶片同心的吸音多孔管,使得螺旋叶片和多孔管同心地设置在主流管的气流通路中。
该螺旋叶片具有螺旋状主体,其沿着主流管轴向地扭曲,以便沿着主流管轴向引导气流,从而导致流动的空气实现旋转。螺旋叶片的螺旋状主体的扭曲方向与涡轮增压器的涡轮的已知旋转方向一致,以便流动空气所实现的旋转与涡轮的旋转处于相同的旋转方向。
吸音多孔管与主流管隔开,以便在主流管的侧壁和多孔管的侧壁之间形成声腔。当声波通过进气壳体的气流传播时,多孔管经由穿孔和声腔分散声能。
多孔管的长度、声腔的尺寸、穿孔的分布以及螺旋叶片的螺旋扭绞角是可改变以实现特定应用的气流旋转和噪音衰减的期望性能水平的参数。
根据本发明的进气系统提供的获得的气流旋转具有许多优点。因为获得的气流旋转与涡轮旋转的旋转方向相同,所以减小了在压缩机叶片上的动态压力负荷。这些压力负荷的降低增加了涡轮增压器效率,并且进一步补偿进气壳体的压力损失。因此,涡轮产生更少的热量、振动和噪音,具有改善的耐用性的附加优点。另外的优点在于螺旋叶片相对于多孔管的协同作用,由于获得的气流旋转促使声波偏转它们的传播方向,以便径向地通过穿孔并且进入声腔中,从而降低从进气壳体的进气口逃脱的涡轮增压器的噪音。此外,由于声阻抗的改变,螺旋叶片将声能反射回涡轮增压器。因此,螺旋叶片和多孔管的结合用于旋转气流,将声波偏转进入穿孔中并且将声波(即,声能)反射回涡轮增压器。
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种涡轮增压器进气壳体,其最小化压力损失,帮助提高涡轮的性能并且最小化涡轮增压器噪音的逃脱。
本发明的这个和另外的目的、特征和优点将从优选实施例的下面描述中变得更加明显。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的改进的进气系统的立体图。
图2是示出为可操作地连接到涡轮增压器的图1中改进的进气系统的立体图。
图3是沿着图1的线3-3截取的部分剖视图。
图4是根据本发明的螺旋叶片的侧视图。
图5是根据本发明的多孔柱体的侧面立体图。
图6是图5的多孔柱体的侧视图,其以虚线示出了图4的同心设置的螺旋叶片。
图7是沿着图6的线7-7示出的端视图。
图8是根据本发明的改进的进气系统的立体剖面图,示出了相对于涡轮增压器的在其中的进气流操作。
图9是在图8中的改进的进气壳体的剖视图,现示意地进一步示出了在气体流动期间的噪音偏转和反射。
图10是弯管形式的改进的进气系统主流管的立体图,其中在该管内设置有根据本发明的螺旋叶片。
具体实施方式
现在参见附图,图1至图10示出了用于涡轮增压器的改进的进气系统的示例,其最小化压力损失,提高涡轮的性能,并且最小化涡轮增压器噪音的逃脱。
图1至图3描述了改进的进气系统100的示例,示出了其示例性进气壳体102,该进气壳体可具有其他构造(见例如下面图10的描述)。进气壳体102连接至涡轮增压器104。涡轮增压器104的内部是具有叶片106'的涡轮106,该叶片在预定的旋转方向124上旋转,以便从上游设置的进气壳体102中吸取空气,并且将现在处于压力下的空气传送到下游的发动机进气歧管(未示出)中。
进气壳体102包括圆柱形主流管108。设置在主流管108内部的是螺旋叶片110,并且优选地设置在螺旋叶片110和主流管108之间的是吸音多孔管112。螺旋叶片110和多孔管112共同地设置在主流管108内,使得螺旋叶片和多孔管同心地定位在主流管的空气流114(见图8)内。螺旋叶片110给予气流114获得的气流旋转122,其旋转方向与涡轮106的旋转方向相同。
如图4最佳的示出,螺旋叶片110具有轴向扭曲(见轴线118)的螺旋状主体116。螺旋状主体116的此扭曲120还是轴向地沿着主流管108的,因此作用来沿着主流管轴向地引导气流114,从而导致气流实现气流旋转122。螺旋叶片110的螺旋状主体116的扭曲120的方向与涡轮增压器104的涡轮106的预定旋转方向124一致,从而使得气流114的获得的气流旋转122与涡轮的旋转方向相同。由螺旋扭绞角128提供的扭曲120主要是基于气流114的预期速率以及螺旋叶片110的长度和直径来预先选定的,以便提供与涡轮106的运行特征最一致所需的获得的气流旋转122。仅仅作为示例,图4示出了在120毫米长度上具有1.5个扭曲(twist)的螺旋叶片110。然后,每单位长度的扭曲可以为适合特定应用的任何数值。
现在参见图5,吸音多孔管112与主流管108隔开,以便形成至少一个在主流管的主流管侧壁108'和多孔管的多孔管侧壁112'之间设置的声腔130(在图8和图9中提供了六个声腔)。该隔开的间距132由径向设置的凸起134限定,其包括在多孔管112每端处的第一凸起密封136和第二凸起密封138。多孔管112具有在多孔管侧壁112'中形成的多个穿孔140。当声波通过进气壳体102的气流114传播时,多孔管112经由穿孔140以及声腔130来分散声能。
如图3、图8和图9大体所示,螺旋叶片110的外周142连接(固定和密封地)至多孔管侧壁112'。此外,多孔管112的凸起134连接(固定和密封地)至主流管侧壁108',从而螺旋叶片110连接(固定和密封地)至主流管108。
现在参见图8和图9,将对改进的进气系统100的运行情况进行详细描述。
如图8所示,由上述涡轮引起的气流114通过进气壳体102,遇到主流管108。当气流沿着螺旋状主体116的表面导向通过时,螺旋叶片110给予气流114获得的气流旋转122,其中气流旋转122的旋转方向与涡轮106的旋转方向124相同(见图2)。
如图9所示,由涡轮(见图2)发出的噪音(即,声波或者声能)150传入气流114的气流方向上游的进气壳体102中。一旦到达主流管108,噪音150遭遇到螺旋叶片110。声阻抗会发生陡变,这会导致噪音150的一部分被反射,于是变成行进返回涡轮增压器的反向噪音152(见图2)。此外,当剩余噪音150'通过多孔管112时,一些剩余噪音150''进入穿孔140,在那里被声腔130阻隔,其中气流旋转122往往会将剩余噪音偏转进入穿孔140,从而增强了剩余噪音的声阻隔。噪音的反射、偏转和阻隔的结果使得与原始噪音150相比,逃出的噪音150'''大大衰减。
多孔管112的长度、声腔130的尺寸、穿孔140的分布和尺寸、螺旋叶片110的螺旋扭绞角128是可被改变以实现用于特定应用的获得的气流旋转116和噪音衰减的理想性能水平的参数。
本发明的改进进气系统提供的获得的气流旋转122具有许多优点:降低在涡轮叶片上动态压力负荷;增加涡轮增压器效率;产生更少热量、振动和噪音;和提高涡轮增压器耐用性。
关于噪音衰减,螺旋叶片与多孔管的协同效应增强了声腔的噪音衰减。此外,由于声阻抗的改变,螺旋叶片将声能反射回涡轮增压器。
螺旋叶片和多孔管的结合用于旋转气流,将涡轮增压器噪音偏转进入多孔管的穿孔中,在那里噪声由声腔衰减,并且将噪音反射回涡轮增压器。
图10描述了本发明的进气壳体系统100'的示例,其中主流管1108是弯曲的,例如为弯管,其中具有外周1110'的螺旋叶片1110设置在主流管内,该外周1110'连接(固定和密封地)至主流管。
对于本发明所属技术领域的技术人员而言,上述优选实施例可被改变和修改。在不脱离本发明范围的情况下可以进行这种改变或者修改,本发明的范围仅由所附权利要求的范围来限制。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于涡轮增压器的进气系统,该涡轮增压器具有可旋转的涡轮,所述涡轮的旋转处于预定旋转方向,该系统包括:
包含主流管的进气壳体,其中所述主流管具有主流管侧壁;
设置在所述主流管内部的螺旋叶片;和
设置在所述螺旋叶片和所述主流管之间的多孔管,所述多孔管具有由多个穿孔穿过的多孔管侧壁,
其中在通过所述螺旋叶片期间,响应于所述涡轮的旋转而通过所述主流管的气流实现所述预定旋转方向,
其中,所述多孔管与所述主流管隔开,从而在所述多孔管侧壁和所述主流管侧壁之间设置至少一个声腔,所述至少一个声腔与所述多个穿孔连通,
其中,所述螺旋叶片和多孔管协作将涡轮增压器的噪音偏转进入多孔管的穿孔,由所述至少一个声腔衰减。
2.一种增压器组件,其包括:
涡轮增压器,其包含:
可旋转的涡轮,所述涡轮在预定旋转方向上旋转;和
连接至所述涡轮增压器的进气系统,所述进气系统包括:
具有主流管侧壁的主流管;
设置在所述主流管内部的螺旋叶片;和
设置在所述螺旋叶片和所述主流管之间的多孔管,所述多孔管具有由多个穿孔穿过的多孔管侧壁,
其中在通过所述螺旋叶片期间,响应于所述涡轮的旋转而通过所述主流管的气流实现预定的旋转方向,
其中,所述多孔管与所述主流管隔开,从而在所述多孔管侧壁和所述主流管侧壁之间设置至少一个声腔,所述至少一个声腔与所述多个穿孔连通,
其中,所述螺旋叶片和多孔管协作将涡轮增压器的噪音偏转进入多孔管的穿孔,由所述至少一个声腔衰减。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/794,245 US8651800B2 (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Induction system with air flow rotation and noise absorber for turbocharger applications |
US12/794245 | 2010-06-04 |
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Also Published As
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DE102011102838A1 (de) | 2011-12-08 |
US20110299981A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
CN102269088A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
DE102011102838B4 (de) | 2013-05-23 |
US8651800B2 (en) | 2014-02-18 |
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