CN102240323B - Traditional Chinese medicine for controlling aeromonas hydrophila disease of aquatic animals - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine for controlling aeromonas hydrophila disease of aquatic animals Download PDFInfo
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- CN102240323B CN102240323B CN201110120171.4A CN201110120171A CN102240323B CN 102240323 B CN102240323 B CN 102240323B CN 201110120171 A CN201110120171 A CN 201110120171A CN 102240323 B CN102240323 B CN 102240323B
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Abstract
The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine for controlling the aeromonas hydrophila disease of aquatic animals. The traditional Chinese medicine includes Chinese medicinal preparations I and II processed from Chinese medicinal herbs, wherein the Chinese medicinal preparation I comprises gallnuts and baical skullcap root with a mass ratio of 1:(47-125), and the Chinese medicinal preparation II comprises dandelions, baical skullcap root and honeysuckles with a mass ratio of (14.8-27.6):(51.7-55.6):(20.7-29.6); and all components are measured in terms of extracts for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine. The utilizing method of the traditional Chinese medicine is characterized in that a splashing administration manner is adopted in the seedling culturing stage of the aquatic animals, and a feed-blended oral administration manner is adopted in the commodity cultivation stage of the aquatic animals. Compared with the prior art, the two Chinese medicinal preparations provided in the invention are complementary in pharmacology, can be used for effectively improving the immunity of the aquatic animals, and have obvious inhibiting effects on the pathogenic aeromonas hydrophila. The two Chinese medicinal preparations are alternately used to prevent the pathogenic aeromonas hydrophila from variation to result in medicine resistance, so that the incidence of the aeromonas hydrophila disease of the aquatic animals can be effectively decreased and the cultivation survival rate can be further increased.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease, and what especially relate to is a kind of Chinese medicine for prevention and control fresh water aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease, belongs to the essential health care Chinese medicine technical field of human lives.
Background technology
Aeromonas hydrophila is the complicated serotype of occurring in nature tool and the bacterium of being everlasting that is easy to variation, is extensively present in fresh water, soil, sewage, mud and people's feces, has dividing of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacterial strains.Wherein pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis is the main pathogen that causes the death of freshwater aquiculture animal fulminant, is also the most serious pathogenic bacterium of economic loss in freshwater aquiculture animal bacteria disease.Quantity research shows greatly, and this bacterium is to fresh-water fishes infection rate up to more than 90%, and mortality rate is up to more than 65%.Take Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) as example, and in 25 kinds of Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) diseases having reported at present, the trionyx disease being caused by it just reaches 15 kinds more than, and the economic loss that only CHINESE FRESHWATER aquaculture industry is caused by pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis disease is every year just up to tens billion of RMB￥s.Undoubtedly, obtain approach and the method for effective prevention and control freshwater aquiculture animal aeromonas hydrophila disease, for the sound development of practical guarantee freshwater aquiculture industry, there is very important realistic meaning.
About prevention and control and the treatment of aquatic animal disease, mainly contain and use chemosterilant, antibiotic, use immunostimulant, use vaccine at present, the first two history of existing more than 30 years, because of life-time service, develops immunity to drugs and affects product quality; In the third, chemical intensifier toxic side effect is large, local excitation is strong, carcinogenic, preparation and use trouble or can not enough improve the drawbacks such as immunogenicity of poor antigen; Ecological prophylactic preparation thalline poor stability, active difficulty maintains, must in digestive tract, reach some, the drawback very micro-to sudden illness effect; Often poor effect, very easily immuning failure for last a kind of and pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis of being easy to morph complicated for serotype.
Chinese invention patent application " a kind of plant extract formula that suppresses Aeromonas hydrophila " (publication number 101721489), proposed that a kind of " plant extract that mainly contains following weight ratio is raw material; the ingredients side of forming: Galla Chinensis extract 50% ~ 80%; tea polyphenols 10% ~ 30%, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei extract 5% ~ 15%.The preparation of extract comprises the following steps: the ethanol with 60% ~ 80%, and 70 ~ 80 ℃ of heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3h, 3 times repeatedly, 50 ℃ of rotary evaporations, concentrated final vacuum is dried to obtain powder." although this plant extract formula has good prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease effect, the life-time service of independent a kind of composing prescription preparation, can make pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis variation and this medicament is produced to drug resistance.Although the toxicity of its variation bacterium decreases, toxicity is tool still, and can make its toxicity obtain recovery by attack organism.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to avoid pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis variation and generation drug resistance, and then a kind of Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease is provided.
Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease provided by the invention, is the Chinese medicine preparation processing through Chinese medicine, and said Chinese medicine preparation has two kinds: the ingredient of Chinese medicine preparation Ι and mass ratio are Wu Bei ︰ Radix Scutellariae=1 ︰ 47 ~ 125; The ingredient of Chinese medicine preparation II and mass ratio are Pu Gong Ying ︰ Huang Qin ︰ Flos Lonicerae=14.8 ~ 27.6 ︰ 51.7 ~ 55.6 ︰ 20.7 ~ 29.6; Each is used as medicine with extract metering above.
The present invention take " cheap, be easy to get, wide spectrum " be Chinese herbal medicine primary dcreening operation principle, adopt agar double dilution method filtering out on the single Chinese herbal medicine basis of better fungistatic effect, press Chinese herbal medicine " meridian distribution of property and flavor " and " monarch " compatibility principle, then with bacteria concentration 1 * 10
7cfu/ml is that experimental subject has filtered out two pharmacology complementations and pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis is had to Chinese medicine preparation obvious inhibition effect, interchangeable.These two Chinese medicine preparation can be used as water body antibacterial and feed additive, are applicable to the prevention and control of aquatic animal to aeromonas hydrophila disease.Compared with prior art, two Chinese medicine preparation pharmacology provided by the present invention are complementary, can effectively improve the immunity of aquatic animal, and pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis is had to obvious inhibition effect.Be used alternatingly to avoid making pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis variation and this medicament is produced to drug resistance, thereby can effectively reduce the sickness rate of aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease, and then improving cultivation survival rate.
Said Chinese medicine preparation is water extract mixture of powders, uses water extract, and than using in prior art, the simple cost of ethanol extract is lower, and water solublity is also fine.The granularity of said Chinese medicine preparation is counted 80 order siftage by standard sieve mesh, and its water solublity is guaranteed more.
Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease provided by the present invention, at grow seedlings production phase and commodity forming stage of fresh water aquatic animal, all can use, prevention rate reaches 100%, to the cure rate of ill fresh water aquatic animal, can reach more than 80%.
The using method of the Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease provided by the invention, for aquatic animal in the production phase of growing seedlings with the mode administration of splashing, for aquatic animal, at commodity forming stage, to mix, raise oral way administration.
The using method of the Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease provided by the invention, has prevention method and Therapeutic Method, and wherein prevention method is when water temperature is higher than 15 ℃, and in breeding water body, pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis reaches 1 * 10
3~ 1 * 10
4during cfu/ml, carry out, concrete grammar is:
Growing seedlings the production phase of aquatic animal, in every meter cube of seedling water, splash Chinese medicine preparation Ι 48.0 ~ 65.0g once; Commodity forming stage in aquatic animal, separately or every two kinds of Chinese medicine preparation of inferior use mix raise oral, once a day, successive administration 7 ~ 15 days, the amount of mixing and stirring of said two kinds of Chinese medicine preparation is that while using Chinese medicine preparation Ι, per kilogram feedstuff adds 4.8 ~ 6.5 g, and during by Chinese medicine preparation II, per kilogram feedstuff adds 8.4 ~ 10.0g.
The using method of the Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease provided by the invention, there are prevention method and Therapeutic Method, wherein during Therapeutic Method when there is hyperemia or bleeding in aquatic animal body surface or intestinal or internal organs, and in water body, pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis number density reaches 1 * 10
4when cfu/ml is above, carry out, concrete grammar is:
(1) in water body, do not find that the dead individuality of cultivated animals or pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis number density are 1 * 10
4~ 1 * 10
5during cfu/ml, growing seedlings the production phase of aquatic animal, Chinese medicine preparation Ι 72.0 ~ 95.0g/m splashes in every meter cube of seedling water
3, splash once; Commodity forming stage in aquatic animal, separately or be used alternatingly two kinds of Chinese medicine preparation mix raise oral, once a day, successive administration 10 ~ 20 days, the amount of mixing and stirring of said two kinds of Chinese medicine preparation is that while using Chinese medicine preparation Ι, per kilogram feedstuff adds 7.2 ~ 9.5g, and during by Chinese medicine preparation II, per kilogram feedstuff adds 17.0 ~ 20.0g.
(2) in water body, find that there is dead individuality or pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis number density and surpassed 1 * 10
5during cfu/ml, growing seedlings the production phase of cultivated animals, Chinese medicine preparation Ι 96.0 ~ 150.0g/m splashes in every meter cube of seedling water
3, splash every day 1 time, splash continuously 2 days; Commodity forming stage in aquatic animal, separately or be used alternatingly two kinds of Chinese medicine preparation mix raise oral, once a day, successive administration 15 ~ 25 days, the amount of mixing and stirring of said two kinds of Chinese medicine preparation is that while using Chinese medicine preparation Ι, per kilogram feedstuff adds 9.6 ~ 15.0g, and during by Chinese medicine preparation II, per kilogram feedstuff adds 24.5 ~ 30.0g.
The specific embodiment
1, Chinese medicine preparation Ι, closes Radix Scutellariae 1000g ethanol extract by Galla Chinensis ethanol extract 20g and mixes; Chinese medicine preparation II, closes Radix Scutellariae ethanol extract 555g Flos Lonicerae ethanol extract 295g by taraxol extract 150g and mixes.
2, Chinese medicine preparation Ι, closes Radix Scutellariae 1000g water extract by Galla Chinensis water extract 10g and mixes; Chinese medicine preparation II, closes Radix Scutellariae ethanol extract 520g Flos Lonicerae ethanol extract 210g by taraxol extract 270g and mixes.
3, Chinese medicine preparation Ι, closes Radix Scutellariae 1000g water extract by Galla Chinensis water extract 8g and mixes; Chinese medicine preparation II, the standard screen 80 order siftage 235g that closed the standard screen 80 order siftage 535g Flos Lonicerae ethanol extract of Radix Scutellariae ethanol extract by the standard screen 80 order siftage 230g of taraxol extract mix.
The preparation of water extract is that each medical herbs is decocted to soup by being dried, pulverizing, sieving gained in water, also has commercially available.Chinese medicine preparation is got each component extract and is weighed metering packing after mix homogeneously.
4 ,Mou plant prophylactic applications.Periodic measurement breeding water body temperature and wherein pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis number density.When water temperature is higher than 15 ℃, and in breeding water body, pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis reaches (1 * 10
3-1 * 10
4) during cfu/ml concentration level, just must take preventive measures.At the cultivated animals production phase Chinese medicine preparation Ι that can splash in seedling water that grows seedlings, dosage 48.0 ~ 65.0g/m splashes
3, splash 1 time.At cultivated animals commodity forming stage, can in feedstuff, add Chinese medicine preparation Ι, per kilogram feedstuff adds (4.8 ~ 6.5) g medicated powder; Or Chinese medicine preparation II, per kilogram feedstuff adds 8.4 ~ 10.0g medicated powder, successive administration 7 ~ 15 days, and Chinese medicine preparation Ι and Chinese medicine preparation II can be used alone and also can be used alternatingly, if be used alternatingly interval time, are 2 days.
The treatment application of 2 ,Mou plants.When hyperemia or bleeding appear in cultivated animals body surface or intestinal or internal organs, should detect immediately the number density of pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis in water body, to judge whether above symptom is caused by pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis.If pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis number density reaches (1 * 10 in water body
4) cfu/ml is when above, can judge that this disease is caused by pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis, just must take prophylactico-therapeutic measures, concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) in water body, do not find that the dead individuality of cultivated animals or pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis number density are (1 * 10
4-1 * 10
5) during cfu/ml concentration level, at the cultivated animals production phase Chinese medicine preparation Ι that can splash in seedling water that grows seedlings, dosage 72.0 ~ 95.0g/m splashes
3, splash 1 time; At cultivated animals commodity forming stage, can in feedstuff, add Chinese medicine preparation Ι, per kilogram feedstuff adds 7.2 ~ 9.5g medicated powder; Or Chinese medicine preparation II, per kilogram feedstuff adds 17.0 ~ 20.0g gram of medicated powder, the administration 10 ~ 20 days of throwing something and feeding continuously, and Chinese medicine preparation Ι and Chinese medicine preparation II can be used alone and also can be used alternatingly, if be used alternatingly interval time, are 2 days.
(2) in water body, find that there is dead individuality or pathogenic hydrophila gingivalis number density and surpassed (1 * 10
5) during cfu/ml concentration level, at the cultivated animals production phase Chinese medicine preparation Ι that can splash in seedling water that grows seedlings, the dosage of splashing (96.0 ~ 150.0) g/m
3, splash every day 1 time, splash continuously 2 days; At cultivated animals commodity forming stage, can in feedstuff, add Chinese medicine preparation Ι, per kilogram feedstuff adds 9.6 ~ 15.0g medicated powder; Or Chinese medicine preparation II, per kilogram feedstuff adds 24.5 ~ 30.0g medicated powder, the administration 15 ~ 25 days of throwing something and feeding continuously, and Chinese medicine preparation Ι and Chinese medicine preparation II can be used alone and also can be used alternatingly, if be used alternatingly interval time, are 2 days.
Attached 1, therapeutic effect of the present invention experiment: apply Chinese herb compound of the present invention fish, shrimp, the Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of 6 aeromonas hydrophila disease Yi Fa plants of Zhejiang Province's Yuyao City are prevented and treated.Effect is as following table:
The clinical pilot-scale experiment table of control aeromonas hydrophila disease
By a large amount of clinical prevention evidences: in the aeromonas hydrophila disease high-incidence season, raise with Chinese medicine preparation I 0.5% or Chinese medicine preparation II 1% companion the prevention of throwing something and feeding, have no morbidity, its preventive effect is good; Patients whose symptoms were less severe raise and throw something and feed with Chinese medicine preparation I 1% or Chinese medicine preparation II 1.5% companion, and symptom is raised and thrown something and fed with Chinese medicine preparation I 2% or Chinese medicine preparation II 3% companion compared with severe one, and throwing something and feeding and treating its cure rate in 20 days is 80% ~ 90%.
Attached 2, drug safety of the present invention experiment: minute three experimental grouies carry out.In experimental group 1 feedstuff, add 10% Chinese medicine preparation I (10g Chinese medicine preparation I+90g feedstuff), in experimental group 2 feedstuffs, add 15% Chinese medicine preparation II (15g Chinese medicine preparation II+85g feedstuff).The matched group normal feedstuff of only throwing something and feeding.Each experimental group is established 3 repetitions.Each repeating groups is put Carassius auratus 6 tails (100 ~ 400g/ tail).Before experiment, support and do not throw something and feed for two days temporarily.During experiment, according to the forage volume that will throw something and feed, first Chinese herbal medicine water is dissolved by 1 ︰ 10 according to the above ratio, stir with feedstuff again, Chinese herbal medicine is adsorbed on feed granules completely, then throws something and feeds, by observing crucian carp feed residue situation and feces situation, determine the feed situation of Carassius auratus.Test duration 15 days.Result shows: each experimental group Carassius auratus is without any unusual condition, and each ratio is added medicine and all Carassius auratus do not caused to toxic effect, and Carassius auratus ingests normally, well-grown.
Claims (3)
1. for a Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease, be the Chinese medicine preparation processing through Chinese medicine, it is characterized in that said Chinese medicine preparation has two kinds: the ingredient of Chinese medicine preparation Ι and mass ratio are five times of sub-︰ Radix Scutellariae=1 ︰ 47 ~ 125; The ingredient of Chinese medicine preparation II and mass ratio are Pu Gong Ying ︰ Huang Qin ︰ Flos Lonicerae=14.8 ~ 27.6 ︰ 51.7 ~ 55.6 ︰ 20.7 ~ 29.6; Each is used as medicine with extract metering above; Wherein, in the production phase of growing seedlings of aquatic animal, use Chinese medicine preparation Ι, at the commodity forming stage of aquatic animal separately or every inferior use Chinese medicine preparation Ι and Chinese medicine preparation II.
2. the Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that said Chinese medicine preparation is water extract mixture of powders.
3. the Chinese medicine for prevention and control aquatic animal aeromonas hydrophila disease as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that the granularity of said Chinese medicine preparation is counted 80 order siftage by standard mesh.
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| CN103263469A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-08-28 | 阚兆云 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN105168667B (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2020-07-07 | 上海海洋大学 | Application of Chinese herbal medicine in delaying bacterial drug resistance |
| CN105853532B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-10-22 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | The Chinese herbal medicine pharmaceutical chemistry and preparation method thereof for preventing and treating Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis aeromonas hydrophila disease |
| CN106562100A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-04-19 | 河北京阳生物医药科技有限公司 | Feed additive for preventing and treating diseases of aquatic organisms and feed for aquatic organisms, and preparation methods thereof |
| CN108553531A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-21 | 北京市水产科学研究所（国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心） | A kind of antibacterial pharmaceutical composition and its preparation method and application |
| CN109576992A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-05 | 北京方诣生物医药有限公司 | A kind of antibacterial textile material and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101721489A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2010-06-09 | 江南大学 | Plant extract formula for inhibiting aeromonas hydrophila |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101721489A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2010-06-09 | 江南大学 | Plant extract formula for inhibiting aeromonas hydrophila |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 中草药对嗜水气单胞菌的抗菌作用;杨向江;《内陆水产》;19970930(第9期);9-10 * |
| 杨向江.中草药对嗜水气单胞菌的抗菌作用.《内陆水产》.1997,(第9期),9-10. |
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