CN102235943B - Loading test device - Google Patents
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- CN102235943B CN102235943B CN201010168379.9A CN201010168379A CN102235943B CN 102235943 B CN102235943 B CN 102235943B CN 201010168379 A CN201010168379 A CN 201010168379A CN 102235943 B CN102235943 B CN 102235943B
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Abstract
A load testing apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a supporting frame, a forward loading device and a side loading device; the supporting frame comprises a top frame, a base and two vertical side frames; the forward loading device is positioned between the two side frames, the height of the forward loading device is adjustable, and a loading end arranged at the lower part of the forward loading device can move up and down and can move a small amount along the lateral direction; the side loading device is positioned at the lower part of the forward loading device, is connected with the loading end and moves up and down along with the movement of the loading end. The loading test device provided by the invention can simultaneously realize forward loading and lateral loading on a device to be tested in a static state or a moving state, has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and operate, and is suitable for testing various vertically lifting jacking devices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of load testing machine, relate in particular to a kind of for testing the load testing machine of performance under the jacking apparatus loaded condition of various VTOL (vertical take off and landing).
Background technology
Manufacture field at Large-Scale Equipment, usually need the safety and reliability of designed product to test.By outturn sample being had a mind to apply certain external load, and this external load can to reality use in product force-bearing situation simulate, can effectively verify properties of product, thereby avoid the problem that may occur in actual use.
Taking aircraft lifting jack as example, it is the important jacking apparatus for the Large-Scale Equipments such as aircraft being carried out to maintenance and repair.In order to verify that can designed aircraft lifting jack meet the requirement of correlation technique specification, security, reliability while ensureing to use, each aircraft lifting jack must carry out load test before being delivered for use.
But traditional load test instrument often only can carry out the loading of forward load, this can only meet the safety examination needs of part.Because in actual use, product, also may be because the reasons such as mismatch error be subject to the side load perpendicular to forward load under severe force-bearing situation except the loading of forward.Thereby the existence of side load may cause the damage of jacking apparatus and cause the weight of institute's jacking to topple, accidents caused.
Or taking aircraft lifting jack as example, its internal leakage test of accepting, external leakage test, static test etc. only need to load forward load, and the content of the test of bearing side force performance for another very important investigation lifting jack is dynamic test, require to load forward load and side load on aircraft jack oil cylinder piston rod top simultaneously, and need aircraft lifting jack at the Circularly liftable that keeps doing continuously repeatedly under this force-bearing situation total travel, to simulate the severeest force-bearing situation in its course of work.It should be noted that, in this loading procedure, lifting jack is initiatively flexible, and charger is passive, the load that charger produces is equivalent to relative lifting jack axle center and has produced the weight of centre-of gravity shift, the rough sledding that may occur while so substantially having simulated lifting jack jacking aircraft; At this moment, tested aircraft lifting jack is due to the effect of side force, and due to the affecting its top a little lateral shift may occur of gap and distortion, this has also proposed to adapt to the new requirement of this variation to test unit.Concerning this class load test, common load testing machine cannot meet its needs.
In the improvement practice process to load testing machine, also occur that some realize the design that side direction loads, more commonly utilize the mechanisms such as at least two guideposts or gathering sill to realize the movement of side direction charger.But to such structure, the accuracy requirement of manufacturing and installing is high and wayward, and manufacturing cost is relatively high, side direction charger in the moving up and down of process of the test often easily because there is clamping stagnation and tilt phenomenon in various accidentalia.
Summary of the invention
Can address the above problem by the solution of the present invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of load testing machine, it comprises: support frame, forward charger and side direction charger; Wherein support frame comprises top frame, base and two vertical side frames, forms a closed frame; Forward charger is between two side frames, and for equipment under test being applied to forward load, its height can be adjusted up and down along two side frames, and has loading end in its bottom, and loading end can move up and down along forward; Side direction charger is positioned at the below of forward charger, is connected and with the moving and move up and down of loading end, for equipment under test is applied to side load with loading end.
Alternatively, forward charger can comprise upper beam and the forward oil cylinder that mutual square crossing is arranged, upper beam is connected on two side frames by for example two fixed pins, for forward charger is fixed with respect to support frame, thus the fixing force side that provides forward to load; The cylinder body of forward oil cylinder is connected by articulated manner with upper beam, can in perpendicular, swing; The telescopic end of forward oil cylinder is connected successively with positive force sensor, loading end, thereby has formed the mobile force side that loads of the present invention, in order to forward load to be provided.
Alternatively, described side direction charger comprises underbeam, along a rectilinear direction in surface level connected side direction oil cylinder, lateral force sensors and adapter sleeve, wherein the two ends of underbeam engage described two side frames, described loading end is positioned at its middle part, underbeam is the installation carrier of side direction oil cylinder, and because described loading end is connected with underbeam by bearing pin, thereby loading end moves up and down by driving underbeam can drive whole side direction charger to follow loading end; The stiff end of side direction oil cylinder is connected with underbeam, its telescopic end is connected successively with lateral force sensors and adapter sleeve, and be finally connected to the side of loading end, thereby the loading that the telescopic end of side direction oil cylinder applies is delivered on loading end by adapter sleeve, realizes jacking apparatus to be tested is carried out to side direction loading.
Alternatively, the load(ing) point of being combined with equipment under test being positioned on described loading end roughly overlaps with the center line extension intersection point of described forward oil cylinder and side direction oil cylinder, do is like this in order to load relatively intuitively, not need complicated conversion can obtain the side force data of actual loaded.
Alternatively, between loading end and underbeam, there is bearing pin-pin-hole arrangement, for realizing the connection between the two, make the side direction charger can be with the moving and move up and down of loading end, and the shape of cross section of pin-and-hole is greater than the cross sectional shape of bearing pin.
Preferably, the shape of cross section of pin-and-hole can be set to, and loading end and underbeam keep fixing along forward loading direction, and can mutually move a segment distance along side direction loading direction.This design has taken into full account that the load(ing) point of equipment under test is because of the impact of the issuable a small amount of lateral shift of lateral forces.By such structure; both can in applying side direction loading, guarantee effective transmission that side direction loads; can guarantee again the security of test unit; thereby avoid making due to maloperation the situation of the excessive damage of side force equipment under test; also be that lateral force resistance performance when equipment under test does not meet the demands, the safeguard measure when lateral shift of generation is excessive.
It should be noted that, the cylinder body of described forward oil cylinder is connected by articulated manner with upper beam, thereby forward oil cylinder can slightly swing described loading end can be moved freely on a small quantity along side direction, this design has adapted to the stress point of institute's electricity testing device because of the lateral position variation that side force produces, and avoids side force to be loaded on forward oil cylinder instead of on equipment under test.This is also the measure of guaranteeing effective transmission of side direction loading.
Alternatively, on side frame, there is symmetrically arranged pin-and-hole, on upper beam, there is the fixed orifice that can aim at pin-and-hole, thus can be by penetrating the pin-and-hole of aligning and fixed orifice with fixed pin and upper beam being fixed with respect to support frame.
Alternatively, pin-and-hole can be multiple, is set to along two rows of side frame distribution, thereby makes upper beam have multistage fixed position with respect to support frame.
Alternatively, support frame also comprises paired safety pin, it can insert in each pin-and-hole, and two ends stretch out the surface of side frame, thus reduced as far as possible due to forward charger in debugging, adjust accident in position, the course of work influence degree producing that drops.
Alternatively, between the left end of described underbeam and the inner surface of left frame, linear rolling guide is installed, further alternatively, slide block is arranged on the left end of underbeam, and slide rail is vertically arranged on the inner surface of left frame.Cooperation precision, friction force that the present invention takes full advantage of linear rolling guide is little, can bear the power of multiple directions or the advantage of moment, thereby the related whole side direction charger of underbeam is suffered restraints, only can upper and lower translation and there will not be inclination.
Alternatively, between the right-hand member of underbeam and the inner surface of right frame, slide block-slide track component is installed, further alternatively, slide block is arranged on underbeam right-hand member, and slide rail is vertically arranged on the inner surface of right frame.Different from left side linear rolling guide, the tolerance clearance of the slide block-slide track component is here larger, only can limit the skew at the in-plane perpendicular to forward oil cylinder and side direction oil cylinder center line composition of forward charger and described side direction charger, play auxiliary spacing and guide effect.In addition, can find out from mounting structure, side force can not be delivered to right frame by underbeam and slide block-slide track component.
Like this, be arranged on linear rolling guide on underbeam and left frame and coordinate accurately, friction force is little, can bear power or the moment of multiple directions, and only underbeam can be restricted to can upper and lower translation; And the tolerance clearance that is arranged on the slide block-slide track component on underbeam and right frame is larger, only can limit forward charger and the skew of side direction charger in the direction perpendicular to two planes that side frame forms.
Alternatively, on the frame of top, comprise auxiliary lifting apparatus, for example, be separately installed with chain block at its two ends, thereby can realize by chain block the upper-lower position adjustment of forward charger.
Alternatively, the left side of left frame comprises diagonal brace.Because left frame is the fixing force side of mainly bearing side force, need to strengthen left frame.
Load testing machine of the present invention compared with prior art, not only can load forward load and side load simultaneously, and loading procedure is steady, side direction charger can run-off the straight or clamping stagnation, have in addition simple in structurely, be easy to manufacture and the feature of assembling, and there is higher safety and reliability, thereby can meet the needs of various load tests, the performance that is particularly useful for testing the jacking apparatus jacking performance of various VTOL (vertical take off and landing) and bears side force.
Brief description of the drawings
Will often with reference to the following drawings, can more be well understood to feature of the present invention and structure in the following detailed description, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the skeleton view of load testing machine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, has shown the one-piece construction of load testing machine;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of load testing machine as shown in Figure 1, has shown the structure of side direction charger;
Fig. 3 be as shown in Figure 1 load testing machine along the local amplification plan view of the A-A profile line in Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Below with reference to appended accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described.Should be understood that, embodiment disclosed herein is only preferred version of the present invention, and except disclosed mode, the present invention can also realize with various other forms.
As shown in Figure 1, load testing machine 100 in the preferred embodiment for the present invention mainly comprises support frame 10, forward charger 50 and side direction charger 60, and the parts that dotted portion shown in Fig. 1 indicates with Reference numeral 90 are equipments under test, not as a part of the present invention.It should be noted that, be aircraft lifting jack although equipment under test 90 adopts in the present embodiment, according to the difference of equipment under test, also can change to easily other device.
Support frame 10 mainly comprises top frame 11, base 12 and two of the left and right side frame 13,14 of vertically installing, and they all can be made up of for example steel section, thereby have very high rigidity and load-bearing capacity.The bottom expanded formation support shape of two side frames 13,14 in left and right, thus the stability of whole framework improved, even still can not topple the in the situation that of being subject to very top load in process of the test.
Further, in the inner side of two side frames 13,14 of support frame 10, also there are respectively two slide rails 18,19 (as clearly shown in Figure 3), be respectively used to be bonded on the slide block 56,58 on forward charger 50, and at left side composition is to coordinate accurate linear rolling guide, what form on right side is slide block-slide rail that tolerance clearance is larger, realizes the vertical slip of side direction charger 60 with respect to support frame 10, and this will be described in detail in follow-up explanation.
In addition, support frame 10 also comprises some other parts, the pin-and-hole 15 that for example two rows vertically distribute and the safety pin 16 that can inject each pin-and-hole 15.Wherein, pin-and-hole 15 is vertically symmetrically distributed on two side frames 13,14 and perpendicular to the plane being made up of two side frames 13,14 and extends.Safety pin 16 is after inserting in pin-and-hole 15, and end is surface one segment distance of outstanding two side frames 13,14 still, thereby as safe bearing load device, in the time that forward charger 50 surprisingly drops, can stop it further to fall.
Further, as clearly shown in Figure 1, forward charger 50 is roughly between two side frames 13,14 of support frame 10, and its primary structure is made up of upper beam 52 and forward oil cylinder 53.
Wherein upper beam 52 horizontal-extendings, and its two ends, left and right form and be centered around the hollow structure of two side frame 13,14 peripheries, thus can make the whole upper beam 52 can be along two side frame 13,14 in the vertical direction translations.On upper beam 52, also there is the fixed orifice that can aim at pin-and-hole 15, thereby whole forward charger 50 can moved to after required height, pass through inserted fixed pin and upper beam 52 is fixed on support frame 10, and providing fixing force side by the cooperation between fixed pin 59 and pin-and-hole 15 for forward loads.
Forward oil cylinder 53 is vertically arranged, as shown in Figure 1, its stiff end passes upper beam 52 and is connected with it in hinged way, its telescopic end is connected with positive force sensor 81 and loading end 57, and be connected with underbeam 64, thereby look from front, whole forward charger 50 and side direction charger 60 have formed " scholar " character form structure.
Structure below with reference to Fig. 2,3 pairs of side direction chargers 60 is described in detail.
As clearly shown in Figure 2, side direction charger 60 mainly comprises underbeam 64, side direction oil cylinder 62, lateral force sensors 82 and adapter sleeve 63.Wherein side direction oil cylinder 62 along continuous straight runs are arranged, its stiff end is connected with one end of underbeam 64 by a contiguous block, and is jointly bonded on slide rail 18 by slide block 56.Adapter sleeve 63 is with lateral force sensors 82, side direction oil cylinder 62 along same straight line, connects with the telescopic end of lateral force sensors 82, side direction oil cylinder 62 in its one end, and its other end presents forked, and is socketed on loading end 57.Like this, the stiff end of side direction oil cylinder 62 is supported on the slide rail 18 of side frame 13 so that the fixing force side of loading to be provided, and its telescopic end applies side load by adapter sleeve 63 to loading end 57.
Underbeam 64 is horizontal-extending in the perpendicular identical with upper beam 52, and it extends size and is less than upper beam 52, and is just sandwiched between two side frames 13,14.On the left end of underbeam 64 and the inner surface of left frame, linear rolling guide is installed, comprises slide block 56 and slide rail 18, make so the related whole side direction charger 60 of underbeam 64 to slide up and down translation along linear rolling guide.As shown in fig. 1, tolerance clearance is larger each other slide block 58 and slide rail 19 are installed on the right-hand member of underbeam and the inner surface of right frame, can play the effect of auxiliary guiding.And under underbeam 64, the intersection point place that side direction oil cylinder 62 and forward oil cylinder 53 center lines extend also has the load(ing) point of loading end 57, for being connected with equipment under test.
It should be noted that being connected by bearing pin 71 between loading end 57 and underbeam 64 realizes as shown in clear in Fig. 2,3.And not identical with the xsect bearing pin of bearing pin 71 for connecting the shape of cross section of pin-and-hole 72 of bearing pin 71 on underbeam 64, but extend a bit of distance along the loading direction of side load.By such setting, on the one hand can so that side load be loaded into better on loading end 57, and can not acted on from the side the counterforce counteraction on loading end 57 by underbeam 64, on the other hand, exceeded the safe tolerance range of loading end 57 and equipment under test if side load is excessive, pivot pin 71 is moving after a bit of distance along the direction of side load so, by with its side against living the side of pin-and-hole 72.Now; excessive side load will be delivered on side frame 13 by underbeam 64; thereby practical function can not increase and exceed the safe tolerance range of loading end 57 and equipment under test in the load of loading end 57, thereby guarantees the security of process of the test, plays certain mistake proofing and protective effect.If only need load forward test load, make side direction oil cylinder 62 produce retraction force, at this moment bearing pin 71 is near pin-and-hole 72 left sides, and forward oil cylinder 53 is in vertical position completely just in this position, and the retraction force that side direction oil cylinder 62 produces can not produce any impact to equipment under test.
It should be noted that in addition, the cylinder body of described forward oil cylinder 53 is connected by articulated manner with upper beam 52, thereby forward oil cylinder 53 can slightly swing described loading end can be moved freely on a small quantity along side direction, this is also to be avoided side force to be loaded into mistakenly on forward oil cylinder 53 instead of on equipment under test, guarantees the measure of effective transmission of side direction loading.
Except above-mentioned major part, load testing machine 100 can also have some complementary parts, example be supported on as shown in Figure 1 the diagonal brace 17 on side frame 13 and be connected to top frame 11 and upper beam 52 between chain block 20.Wherein, diagonal brace 17 is for further supporting side frame 13, and so that the anchorage force of side direction to be provided, under the effect of avoiding loading in side direction, side frame 13 topples.And a pair of chain block 20 is symmetricly set on the two ends, left and right of top frame 11 and upper beam 52, for regulating the vertical height of forward charger 50.Certainly, also can adopt other device and chain block 20 jointly to realize the position adjustment of forward charger 50, for example adopt from bottom the upwards lifting jack of ejection of forward charger 50, after the position that completes forward charger 50 is adjusted, only lifting jack need be removed and replaces with equipment under test and can carry out load test.
In addition it should be noted that, load testing machine 100 also should have hydraulic system, electric control system, Electrical Measurement System supporting with it, thereby form a set of complete pilot system, but the structure of these corollary apparatus is discussed no longer in detail, only the related content of test force value aspect is described further here.
In the process loading in enforcement side direction, to be described loading end 57 places may produce lateral shift because of lateral forces to the load(ing) point of equipment under test, thereby the actual loaded force direction of forward oil cylinder 53 can depart from vertical direction, form certain inclination angle, the forward load that now equipment under test bears is making a concerted effort of the vertical component of forward oil cylinder 53 loading forces and whole side direction charger 60 gravity, side load be side direction oil cylinder 62 loading forces and forward oil cylinder 53 loading forces cross component force with joint efforts.Therefore there is deviation with reading and the actual loaded of lateral force sensors 82 to forward load, the side load of equipment under test in positive force sensor 81.The electrohydraulic servo system that at this moment can consist of hydraulic system, electric control system, Electrical Measurement System is revised in real time, to ensure forward load and the side load Pass Test requirement of actual loaded.
In the specific implementation, the forward load of the lateral shift that can estimate described loading end 57 places by calculating to actual loaded and the influence degree of side load, if within test accuracy claimed range, the weight sum of the reading of positive force sensor 81 and whole side direction charger 60 can be used as the forward load value that equipment under test bears, and the reading of lateral force sensors 82 can be used as the side load value that equipment under test bears.Therefore in the time that test accuracy requirement is lower, can carry out corresponding simplification to hydraulic pressure and electrical system, to reach cost-saving object.
Claims (13)
1. a load testing machine (100), is characterized in that, comprising: support frame (10), forward charger (50) and side direction charger (60); Wherein
Described support frame (10) comprises top frame (11), base (12), vertical left frame (13) and vertical right frame (14), forms a closed frame;
Described forward charger (50) is positioned between described left frame (13) and described right frame (14), its height can be adjusted up and down along described left frame (13) and described right frame (14), and has loading end (57) in its bottom;
Described side direction charger (60) is positioned at the below of described forward charger (50), is connected with described loading end (57) and with the moving and move up and down of loading end (57),
Wherein, described side direction charger (60) comprises underbeam (64), side direction oil cylinder (62), lateral force sensors (82) and adapter sleeve (63), the two ends of wherein said underbeam (64) engage described left frame (13) and described right frame (14), described loading end (57) is positioned at its middle part, the stiff end of described side direction oil cylinder (62) is connected with described underbeam (64), its telescopic end is connected successively with lateral force sensors (82) and adapter sleeve (63), and be finally connected to the side of described loading end (57).
2. load testing machine as claimed in claim 1 (100), it is characterized in that, described forward charger (50) also comprises upper beam (52) and the forward oil cylinder (53) that mutual square crossing is arranged, described upper beam (52) is connected on described left frame (13) and described right frame (14) by fixed pin (59), the cylinder body of described forward oil cylinder (53) is connected by articulated manner with described upper beam (52), can in perpendicular, swing, its telescopic end and positive force sensor (81), described loading end (57) is connected successively.
3. load testing machine as claimed in claim 2 (100), it is characterized in that, the load(ing) point of being combined with equipment under test being positioned on described loading end (57) overlaps with the center line extension intersection point of described forward oil cylinder (53) and described side direction oil cylinder (62).
4. load testing machine as claimed in claim 1 (100), it is characterized in that, between described loading end (57) and described underbeam (64), have bearing pin (71)-pin-and-hole (72) device, the shape of cross section of described pin-and-hole (72) is greater than the cross sectional shape of described bearing pin (71).
5. load testing machine as claimed in claim 4 (100), it is characterized in that, the shape of cross section of described pin-and-hole (72) is set to, described loading end (57) keeps fixing with described underbeam (64) along forward loading direction, and can mutually move a segment distance along side direction loading direction.
6. load testing machine as claimed in claim 2 (100), it is characterized in that, on described left frame (13) and described right frame (14), there is symmetrically arranged pin-and-hole (15), on described upper beam (52), there is the fixed orifice that can aim at described pin-and-hole (15).
7. load testing machine as claimed in claim 6 (100), is characterized in that, described pin-and-hole (15) is multiple, is set to along two rows of described left frame (13) and described right frame (14) distribution.
8. load testing machine as claimed in claim 6 (100), it is characterized in that, described support frame (10) also comprises paired safety pin (16), it can insert described in each in pin-and-hole (15), and the surface of described left frame (13) and described right frame (14) is stretched out at two ends.
9. the load testing machine (100) as described in any one in claim 2-5, is characterized in that, between one end of described underbeam (64) and the inner surface of described left frame (13), linear rolling guide is installed.
10. load testing machine as claimed in claim 9 (100), is characterized in that, between the other end of described underbeam (64) and the inner surface of described right frame (14), slide block-slide track component is installed.
11. load testing machines (100) as described in any one in claim 1-5, is characterized in that, on described top frame (11), comprise auxiliary lifting apparatus.
12. load testing machines as claimed in claim 11 (100), is characterized in that, described auxiliary lifting apparatus is the chain block (20) that is arranged on respectively the two ends of described top frame (11).
13. load testing machines (100) as described in any one in claim 1-5, is characterized in that, the left side of described left frame (13) comprises diagonal brace (17).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010168379.9A CN102235943B (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2010-05-06 | Loading test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010168379.9A CN102235943B (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2010-05-06 | Loading test device |
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| CN102235943A CN102235943A (en) | 2011-11-09 |
| CN102235943B true CN102235943B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| SU1728718A1 (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1992-04-23 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт транспортного строительства | Stand for testing constructions |
| DE19800350C2 (en) * | 1998-01-07 | 2000-03-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Device for testing vehicle wheels or the like, in particular for proof of operational strength on motorcycle wheels |
| CN100350233C (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2007-11-21 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Simulation test loading device for automobile wheel hub bearing unit |
| CN201177557Y (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2009-01-07 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Flexible locater triaxial loading fatigue test tool equipment |
| CN201311359Y (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2009-09-16 | 中国南方工业汽车股份有限公司四川建安车桥分公司 | Vehicle torsion beam tester |
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