CN102232095B - 用于制造可以粘结到皮肤上形成自粘合毛发修补物的多层底物的方法以及获得的多层修补物 - Google Patents

用于制造可以粘结到皮肤上形成自粘合毛发修补物的多层底物的方法以及获得的多层修补物 Download PDF

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CN102232095B
CN102232095B CN200980148372.6A CN200980148372A CN102232095B CN 102232095 B CN102232095 B CN 102232095B CN 200980148372 A CN200980148372 A CN 200980148372A CN 102232095 B CN102232095 B CN 102232095B
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马西米利亚诺·德利
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Abstract

制造用于毛发修补物的粘结体系的方法，该方法使生产自粘合修补物成为可能。该方法包括制备薄膜，单层涂布操作中20至80微米厚，以及接续涂布操作中100至400微米厚，包括一种预制的粘合剂，其中加入具有抗菌作用的银离子，包括在混合过程中吹入空气微泡。这种粘合剂组合物涂布到可即时取下的有机硅片上，该有机硅片具有可热成型以形成使用者的头部形状的帽形的特性。毛发修补物各自通过插入毛发到聚氨酯膜中，然后粘接到粘合性膜上来制造。

Description

用于制造可以粘结到皮肤上形成自粘合毛发修补物的多层底物的方法以及获得的多层修补物
本发明涉及一种用于制造可以粘结到皮肤上形成自粘合毛发修补物的粘合性多层底物的方法，以及获得的多层修补物。 
目前，市场上提供了各种形式的毛发修补物，被数以万计的受光秃影响的人经常使用。这些修补物可以大概地分成两种主要类型：刚性的和弹性的。 
刚性的修补物通过一种毛发嵌入其中的复合材料(聚氨酯和/和聚硅氧烷)底物来表征；这些是略微厚的和刚性的，具有大约几毫米。这些修补物通常定做到一个膨胀的聚氨酯铸件上，该铸件通过填充一个使用者的头部型状的模具来匹配他的光秃形状来获得。 
弹性的修补物使用一种非常柔软和弹性的聚氨酯(20至300微米)来制造，该聚氨酯适合预先形成一个毛发插入其中的标准尺寸的帽。从下侧伸出的毛发根通过一个包埋发根的聚氨酯涂布层固定到底物上。使用一个根据使用者的头部定做的具有聚乙烯薄膜和具有玻璃纤维核的粘合层的铸件将这些“标准”的修补物合适地切成使用者独特的秃型。底物的弹性意味着成型的修补物可以完美地适合头部的表面。 
在两种情况下，对于刚性和弹性的修补物，通过粘合粘接体系来完成与使用者的头部的粘结。这些粘合体系可以使用胶带或使用刷子来涂抹液体粘合剂。 
这些常规的修补物/头部粘合体系的主要缺点在于：与油脂脂肪类以及汗酸接触时，粘结经常变松，导致的结果是修补物逐渐从使用者的头部分开。 
由于这些原因，以及另外的由于在修补物与皮肤之间存在的皮脂和出汗导致的卫生问题，修补物必须定期的脱下进行清洁和更换粘合剂。 
这种“保持”操作，也称为“卫生阶段”，来进行皮肤的打底和修补物的卫生功能。 
对于目前头发修补物的技术环境下产生的问题可以主要概括如下：粘着时间，缺乏有效的通透体系，大厚度以及长时间的卫生阶段。 
就粘着时间而言，根据汗的pH值以及使用者的出汗量，现在使用的体系允 许的卫生阶段的时间为几天到2/3周。另外，常规的粘合剂被使用者皮肤的生理元素诸如出汗和油脂所攻击，最终从头部和粘接的毛发上分开，导致有害的美学形象以及全部失去粘合性。 
就通透问题而言，有人指出粘合带和液体粘合剂在皮肤表面形成一层不透气的薄膜，其完全阻止了通透，并保持了油脂和汗液，于是显著地促进了细菌的繁殖，而这是不卫生的并产生令人不愉快的气味。 
就修补物而言，使用现在的制造技术不可能达到有效通透和油脂与汗液的充分排除。刚性修补物虽然可以钻孔允许空气在修补物与毛发携带皮层之间循环，但是在确保通透方面是完全无效的。弹性修补物是完全不透汗的，汗液存留在修补物和皮肤之间，因为聚氨酯涂布将头发固定到底物上，随后施用的液体粘合剂提供粘合性。 
除此之外，这些修补物具有相当大的厚度，大约400/600微米，而市场上持续要求厚度减小，以达到毛发更多的天然和对使用者更舒适。 
最后，除了修剪头发所需要的时间，目前技术提供的卫生阶段所需要的时间约为50/60分钟，而这是一个过长的时间。 
因此本发明的主要目的是提供一种底物，其可以粘结到皮肤上形成自粘合毛发修补物，其适合用来生产一种能够克服当前使用的修补物的上述缺点的多层修补物。 
特别地，根据本发明的主要特征，其通过使用液体粘合剂，提供一种用于制造可以粘结到皮肤上来形成自粘合毛发修补物的底物的方法，该方法包括步骤： 
-向粘合剂中加入0％或0.5％重量的微粉化银粉或化学计量当量的Ag+离子， 
-紧密混合Ag粉和/或Ag+离子和粘合剂， 
-在混合过程中向该液体混合物中吹入空气微泡， 
-在一个单一的涂布操作中涂布将所述混合物涂布到一个可热成型的有机硅薄膜上形成5至80微米厚度的薄膜，所述有机硅薄膜可被很容易或备用式地分开。 
根据本发明进一步的特征，其提供聚氨酯膜的应用，通过与那些薄膜相同的微孔的允许通透，随后将毛发插入到聚氨酯膜上形成毛发修补物，以及随后 应用所述修补物到预先成形的可粘结底物中的一个上。 
本发明更多的特征和优点在下述说明中，参考附图以及本发明提供的非限制性的实施例的范围内将会更明显，其中： 
图1以图示阐述了根据本发明第一实施方案的一个标准平面可热成型粘合性底物的纵截面， 
图2以图示在图1中轴向纵截面的热成型后的底物， 
图3以图示阐述了一种微孔毛发膜在图1中该类型的可热成型底物上的施用， 
图4以图示阐述了热成型后的图3的底物， 
图5以图示阐述了图4的底物施用在有机硅头部上， 
图6以图示阐述了将毛发在用于使毛发固定在有机硅头部上的膜上的插入， 
图7以图示阐述了以粘结层微孔使毛发持久粘结在图6的用于毛发的膜上， 
图8以图示阐述了图6的用于毛发的膜与图2的底物相结合， 
图9至12以图示阐述了最终产品粘结形式的四种改变。 
对于附图1，1表示一种可容易地分开以及在约60-80℃的温度下热成型的硅氧烷聚乙烯薄膜，这是甚至可以通过使用普通的专业phon干燥机来获得的温度。在所述薄膜上涂布一种低变应原性的丙烯酸类液体粘合剂，例如在有机硅基中的乙酸乙酯，例如那些商业上已知的由Wa lker Tape Jordan，Utah，U.S.A.生产的“Ultra Hold Adhesive”，或一种水基聚乙酸乙烯酯，例如商业上已知的由Hair&Compounds，California，U.S.A.生产的″Aqua Bond″或″Perfector Plus″。但是，由于这些粘合剂是完全不可渗透的以及阻止任何种类的通透，而由于汗液和油脂促进细菌繁殖，为了克服这个问题，本发明在混合过程中通过微孔管向液体粘合剂吹入空气，从而形成含有空气和溶剂蒸汽残留物的混合物的微泡，而将其捕获在粘合剂中。除此之外，也考虑到阻止细菌繁殖的方法，与油脂以及汗液对粘合剂更有侵害性的效果无关，这还是典型地长时间使用修补物而导致不好的气味的原因，因此将具有抗菌作用的抗菌产品加入到粘合剂中。为了这个目的，将基于粘合剂总重量最高达5％重量的微粉化银粉，或化学计量当量的银离子，例如商业上已知的由Ishizuka Glass Co.Ltd.，Japan生产的名称为“lonpure”的产品提供的那些，在混合步骤中混入粘合剂中。获得的液体粘合剂在单层上以20微米至80微米的厚度涂布以及在接续的层上以100 微米至400微米的厚度涂布。将获得的薄膜穿过已被加热到70°-80°温度的烘箱，促进粘合剂中多余的溶剂挥发，形成非常干燥的粘合层。获得的粘合层2被容易分开的允许通透的有机硅薄膜3覆盖，然后穿过使涂布材料均匀的压辊系统，产生对汗液和油脂的侵害具有强抵抗性的坚固粘结膜。为了使用于修补物的底物能够通透，合适的装置(参见图7中的设备8)包括小辊筒108，在其上面制备数以百计的锥形尖208，带有直径为1微米的金刚石尖针。该辊筒在薄膜上通过，于是产生数以千计的锥形微孔，由于材料的弹性，这些锥形微孔通常是关闭的，不会让水通过。当汗液产生的压力增加，由于它们特殊的锥形形状，这些微孔就像真的孔隙样张开，允许过多的汗液和油脂逸出。 
在这点上，为了形成修补物，将这种方法形成的平片切成合适用于“标准”修补物的尺寸，其可适用于几乎所有的光秃类型；这些切割的部分加热到80℃左右的温度，然后使用压机以阳模和阴模球杯式的形式压制曲面以便获得帽形，如图2所示。 
在这点上，更特别地如图3和4所示，通过将图1中的薄膜3替换为薄聚氨酯膜4(约25微米厚)制备了新的这类三明治层压件，所述聚氨酯膜能通过前述的微孔通透。这个新的三明治层压件也被加热到约80℃，然后置入加热的以杯式阳模/阴模压制来复制头部的形状，给予它以帽形，如图4所示。 
在这点上，保护薄膜1从获得的三明治层压件上取下，使之在一个不粘的有机硅头部5上就位，如图5所示，之后使用针6将毛发7插入聚氨酯薄膜4，如图6所示。这个操作之后，修补物很容易从头部5上取下，然后液体聚氨酯层涂布在毛发的根部来使它们固定。当聚氨酯固化时，形成薄膜9，其被设备8合适地微孔化，来恢复通透，如图7所示。 
在这点上，图7的产品可粘结到已去掉保护衬层3的图2的产品上，来获得最终产品，以准备应用到使用者的头部，如图8所示。 
当修补物用于皮肤上时，在其上施加一个牵引力，使泡破裂，在粘结层中产生开口，这是当修补物应用于使用者的头部时允许皮肤通透的原因。 
仍然保持部分闭合的表面的泡产生半球形杯，当应用到皮肤上时遭受压力，从而允许泡中的空气逸出，就像小吸气杯那样产生真空效应。 
除此之外，在粘合剂中保持闭合的泡，仍然充满空气/溶剂混合物，当被油脂和/或汗液攻击时开裂，与穿透进入它们中的分子进行氧化反应，相当地降低 它们的酸性以及由此它们攻击粘合剂的能力降低。 
图9至12以图示阐述了图7的产品与图2的产品之间的四种可能的粘结方法。图9显示的粘结更详细地阐述于图8中。 
在图10的改变中，液体聚氨酯层9插入到图7的产品与图2的产品之间。在图11的改变中，聚氨酯膜4插入到图7的产品与图2的产品之间，以及最后，在图12的改变中，图9的液体聚氨酯薄膜9被粘合膜2代替。 
当然本发明不受阐述和描述的实施方案限制，其仅仅是以本发明的实例的方式给出。例如图1的产品可以被替代地制备，使用一层或多层均匀的涂布层，通过将粘合剂2施涂到被空的间隔分开的在细的平行线中的有机硅薄膜1上，相对于在下的那些层以90°旋转它们将如此制备的薄片叠层，获得三明治层压件，其特征在于包括充满的部分和空的部分的织物型的织纹，其中充满部分提供粘合性，空的部分允许通透。_ 

Claims (8)

1.通过使用液体粘合剂来制造可以粘合到皮肤上形成自粘合毛发修补物的底物的方法，包括步骤：
-向粘合剂中加入基于粘合剂总重量最高达5％重量的微粒化银粉或化学计量当量的Ag+离子，
-紧密混合Ag粉和／或Ag+离子和粘合剂，
-在混合过程中向液体混合物吹入空气微泡，
-以单一涂布层内5至80微米的厚度将上述获得的混合物(2)涂布到可热成型的很容易地分开的有机硅薄膜(1)上。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中所述粘合剂是丙烯酸类粘合剂。
3.权利要求1或2的方法，包括随后的步骤：
-随后涂布所述粘合剂和Ag的混合物(2)到所述可热成型的有机硅薄膜(1)上，直到获得100至400微米的厚度，
-施加一种相当容易分开的有机硅薄膜(3)到由此获得的薄膜上。
4.权利要求3的方法，包括进一步的步骤：在阳模/阴模压机中加热如此形成的三明治层压件到60-80℃范围的温度，从而复制头部的典型形状，以这种方法来赋予帽形。
5.权利要求1或2的方法，包括进一步的步骤：
-在所述薄膜上施加已通过微孔使其通透的聚氨酯膜(4)，
-在阳模／阴模压机中加热如此形成的三明治层压件到60-80℃范围的温度，从而复制该头部标准形状，以这种方法赋予帽形，
-取下可热成型薄膜(1)，并使之在有机硅头部(5)上就位，
-将毛发(7)插入到所述聚氨酯膜(4)中，形成毛发修补物。
6.权利要求5的方法，其中在从所述头部(5)上取下所述修补物后，在该修补物上毛发根部所在的一侧涂布一层液体聚氨酯层(9)。
7.权利要求2的方法，其中所述丙烯酸类粘合剂是有机硅基中液体低变应原性的乙酸乙酯，或者水基中液体低变应原性的聚乙酸乙烯酯。
8.通过结合权利要求5或6中所述的修补物到权利要求1至4任一项的可以粘结到皮肤上的底物上而获得的用于毛发的多层粘合性修补物。
CN200980148372.6A 2008-12-02 2009-12-01 用于制造可以粘结到皮肤上形成自粘合毛发修补物的多层底物的方法以及获得的多层修补物 Active CN102232095B (zh)

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