CN102228868A - Ultrasonic high-voltage electrostatic separation method and system for waste printed circuit board powder - Google Patents
Ultrasonic high-voltage electrostatic separation method and system for waste printed circuit board powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN102228868A CN102228868A CN2011100287046A CN201110028704A CN102228868A CN 102228868 A CN102228868 A CN 102228868A CN 2011100287046 A CN2011100287046 A CN 2011100287046A CN 201110028704 A CN201110028704 A CN 201110028704A CN 102228868 A CN102228868 A CN 102228868A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic high-voltage electrostatic separation method and an ultrasonic high-voltage electrostatic separation system for waste printed circuit board powder, and belongs to the technical field of waste printed circuit board recycled resource circulation. The system mainly comprises a feeding device, a mixing cavity and a discharge port; an ultrasonic generator and a corona electrode are arranged in the mixing cavity; crushed waste printed circuit board particles with the particle size of 50-100 meshes are added into the mixing cavity through the feeding device; under the action of ultrasonic waves, problems of adhesion, agglomeration and the like between the particles are solved, the environmental humidity is reduced, and the electrostatic effect is enhanced; the corona electrode makes metal and nonmetal particles obtain electric charge; and the metal and nonmetal particles are discharged through the discharge port and pass through a discharge polar plate, the metal particles quickly loses the electric charge, and the nonmetal particles with the electric charge are adsorbed on the surface of a high-voltage earthing electrostatic roller, and are brushed off by a roller brush to reach a nonmetal collection tank, the metal particles are thrown off to reach a metal collection tank, so that the metal particles and the nonmetal particles are effectively separated. The invention has the characteristics of high practicability, good separation effect and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separating method and system thereof of waste and old printed circuit board powder, is that waste and old printed circuit board is carried out recovery effective, harmless, resource, belongs to the resources circulation technical field.
Background technology:
Along with economic development and scientific and technological progress, electronics industry and the fast development of information high-tech industry, the electron wastes problem is placed in front of us inevitably.A large amount of waste electrical equipment abandoneds and form electron wastes, and become the important component part of municipal solid wastes gradually.Electron wastes has the dual character that is worth with harm.Contain organic substances such as a large amount of metals and brominated flame-retardant in the electron wastes, adopt conventional treatment method to cause long-term hazards environment; It contains a large amount of metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron, nickel, lithium simultaneously, has immeasurable value.If in collection process electron wastes is reasonably classified, the content of individual metals can be far above the corresponding grade of ore.In today that resource price sharp rises, electron wastes can be regarded as the precious deposits that need not explore.How properly to handle effectively and dispose electron wastes and make every effort to make its resource, become a brand-new problem following the Chinese society economic development and produce.
Printed circuit board (PCB) is the basis of electronics industry, also is the core component of various electronic products, is mainly used in being connected to each other of electronic component.It is widely used in fields such as computer, communication apparatus, measurement and control instrument instrument, household appliances.Contain high-grade noble metal in the waste and old printed circuit board and have the recyclable materials that reclaims meaning, have very high resource value.And with respect to extracting these metals from raw ore, it is less that waste printed circuit board is recycled required energy consumption, and the secondary refuse amount that produces in the removal process is also few.It is to promote the enormous motivation that printed circuit board (PCB) reclaims industry that precious metal reclaims always, and the resin fibre in the substrate also can be used to when the loss of filler with the minimizing energy resources, the plastics that contain then can satisfy comparatively strict welding procedure and other material requirements, can resist higher thermodynamics check and rigorous environment condition, so can be used as good fire retardant chemical and construction material.Therefore, in today that the natural resources disparities between supply and demand are increasingly sharpened, precious metal and the regrown material recycled in the waste and old circuit board can effectively be alleviated resource pressure, can significantly reduce production costs simultaneously, development for promoting China's recycling economy realizes that smoothly the sustainable development of China has long-range and deep meaning.
China disposes the processing of electron wastes and mainly contains dual mode at present: the one, and after the old electrical equipment assembly unit and simplified overhauling of use value still arranged, be sold to town and country low-income group or mobile colony and use.Another kind of mode is to completely lose the waste electric appliance of function of use, do not taking under the situation of any environmental practice, adopt manually to disassemble and handle with modes such as pickling, fire are roasting, only make wherein very fraction resource regeneration (as various metals), and will handle that various discarded objects such as the waste residue that produces, waste liquid are stacked on the spot, burning or landfill.The machinery of waste and old printed circuit board reclaims, and it is low, simple to operate to have a cost, is difficult for causing advantages such as secondary pollution, can obtain the application of scale.
Chinese invention patent " a kind of method that reclaims valuable material by printed circuit board (PCB) " (Wang Wenbin, the patent No. 98105592.3) waste and old circuit board is changeed cutting machine through high speed in regular turn, high speed disintegrator, impact crusher, the efflorescence machine, flour mill and tank, successively through shredding, broken, bang, efflorescence and metallics separate with nonmetallic substance, whole process complex procedures, and crushing circuit is trifling, material after the fragmentation adopts tank to carry out sorting, because tiny material should not disperse in water, cause reunion easily, the efficiency of separation is low, also has problems such as separating back water pollution.Chinese invention patent " process for breaking, separating and recovering of waste printed circuit board and device therefor thereof " (Shen Zhigang, the patent No. 99102862.7) with the sheet printed circuit board (PCB) by coarse crushing, fine crushing, be divided into different granularity ranks by screening, the different air separator of the wind speed that each rank adopts separates, and the realization metal powder separates with non-metal powder.Its shortcoming is that classification is too much, and the sorting efficiency of separation is low, and the shape of material is big to the influence of sorting; (0.074mm) can not obtain sorting effectively reclaims fine-graded material.Chinese invention patent " the dry method physics of valuable constituent reclaims technology on the electron wastes integrated circuit board " (Zhao Yuemin etc., application number 03113180.8) will discard integrated circuit board through double teeth roller cutter, efficient impact crusher, magnetic separator, classifying screen, eddy current separator, damp type pneumatic separation machine, cylinder electrostatic separator, triboelectric separator, shear successively, fragmentation, screening, sorting, separate to metal concentrate and nonmetallic substance, this technological process complexity, the separation costs height.Chinese invention patent " fragmentation of waste and old printed circuit board and high-pressure electrostatic separation method " (Xu Zhenming etc., application number 200510023785.5) waste printed circuit board is broken into the fragment of 5mm-20mm earlier, further be ground into the particle of 0.5mm-O.06mm again, by high-pressure electrostatic separation method, the realization metallic particles separates with non-metallic particle afterwards.Fine grained after this technology fragmentation influences the electrostatic separation effect because the influence of mutual active force and ambient humidity is reunited easily, can not realize reclaiming effectively.According to external; external adopt processing method be to adopt liquid nitrogen to carry out freezing to waste and old India printed circuit board; carrying out fragmentation, sorting, sorting comprise electric separation, eddy current separation, magnetic separation; pneumatic separation; the process classification of sorting is more, and process is trifling, and the pneumatic separation efficiency of separation is low; (0.074mm) separating effect is poor, can not realize industrial scale to fine particle stage material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separating method and system thereof of waste and old printed circuit board powder, by hyperacoustic pulverizing and desiccation, solved between the powder material because interior friction, the phenomenons such as reunion that reasons such as deliquescence cause, strengthened electrostatic interaction, utilized the difference of electric conductivity between powder material, by the high-pressure electrostatic sorting, under the effect of electrostatic attraction and mechanical force, realize that metal effectively separates recovery with nonmetallic.
Mainly metallic particles such as non-metallic particles such as various organic material plastics and copper, iron, gold in the waste and old printed circuit board powder granule, at the different characteristics of waste and old printed circuit board powder granule and the deficiency on the present waste and old printed circuit board recovery technology, the present invention proposes to adopt the scheme of ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation, realizes effectively separating of metallic particles and non-metallic particle.
The invention provides a kind of ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation system of waste and old printed circuit board powder, the feed arrangement 2 that comprises batch mixing chamber 3 and be attached thereto, discharge gate 6, wherein in described batch mixing chamber 3, be provided with supersonic generator 1 and corona electrode 4, corona electrode 4 is connected with electrostatic generator 5 by lead, be provided with discharge plate 7 in the exit of discharge gate 6, the other end of discharge plate 7 is connected with high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller 8, the both sides, below of high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller 8 are placed non-metallic particle feeder 11 respectively, metallic particles feeder 12, side at high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller 8 and non-metallic particle feeder 11 homonymies is provided with roller brush 9, and the bristle of roller brush 9 is close to high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller 8.
The ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation system of above-mentioned waste and old circuit board powder, but the height of discharge plate 7 wherein and angle of inclination free adjustment.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned piece-rate system to realize the ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation of waste and old circuit board powder, mainly comprises the steps:
Start supersonic generator 1 and corona electrode 4, hybrid particles with the 50-100 purpose waste and old printed circuit board after the fragmentation, by the feed arrangement 2 batch mixing chamber 3 of packing into, ultrasonic wave destroys intergranular adhesion, reduces ambient humidity, corona electrode makes all particles all saturated charged, all particles drop on the discharge plate 7 afterwards, and metallic particles loses electric charge rapidly, under the comprehensive function of centrifugal force and gravity, metallic particles flies away from roller, falls into metallic particles feeder 12; Charged non-metallic particle is attracted to roller surface under the electrostatic force of high-pressure electrostatic roller, rotate with roller, is fallen by roller brush 9 brushes of back, falls into non-metallic particle feeder 11, realizes separating of metallic particles and non-metallic particle.
In the method for the ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation of above-mentioned waste and old circuit board powder, the operating frequency of supersonic generator 1 is in 25KHz～120KHz scope, and the voltage of corona electrode 4 is at 5KV-10KV, in the electric current 2-5mA scope.
The principle of ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation is to pass through action of ultrasonic waves, destroy the adhesion between the fine grained, the dried, classified particle, reduce ambient humidity, strengthen electrostatic efficiency, by the corona electrode effect in the batch mixing chamber, make particle all electrically charged, metallic particles discharges rapidly by discharge plate, and under the effect of high-pressure electrostatic roller, charged non-metallic particle is because the electrostatic attraction of static roller is attracted to roller surface, roller brush by the back is brushed, fall into nonmetal feeder, metallic particles falls into the metal feeder because roller is flown away from the effect of mechanical force.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separating method that the present invention adopts; compare with common high-pressure electrostatic separation method; efficiency of separation height; effective, compare with traditional pneumatic separation and gravity separation, have efficient; cost is low; pollution-free, advantages such as easy scale have solved the serious secondary pollution problem that processing methods such as burning, acidleach are brought fully.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separating method of the present invention
Among the figure, 1. supersonic generator 2. feed arrangements 3. batch mixing chambeies 4. corona electrodes, 5. electrostatic generators, 6. discharge gate 7. discharge plates, 8. high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller 9. roller brushes, 10. metals and nonmetal hybrid particles 11. non-metallic particle feeders 12. metallic particles feeders
The specific embodiment
The ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separating method that adopts among the present invention at first evenly joins the 50-100 purpose waste and old printed circuit board hybrid particles after the fragmentation in the batch mixing chamber 3 by feed arrangement 2 as shown in the figure.
Open the supersonic generator 1 on 3 left side walls of batch mixing chamber, adjustable in supersonic generator 1 operating frequency 25KHz～120KHz scope, by supersonic generator 1 emission ultrasonic wave, make metal and the 10 generation vibrations of nonmetal hybrid particles in the batch mixing chamber 3.
Open electrostatic generator 5, by 4 effects of the corona electrode in the batch mixing chamber 3, it is saturated charged that metallic particles and nonmetal hybrid particles 10 are had.
Metal and nonmetal hybrid particles 10 are discharged smoothly by discharge gate 6, and through discharging by freely regulated discharge plate 7, metallic particles discharges rapidly, and the non-metallic particle discharge is slow, continue to keep electric charge.
8 pairs of charged non-metallic particles of high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller produce electrostatic attraction, be attracted to roller surface, rotate with roller, take the roller rear to, fallen by roller brush 9 brushes, fall into non-metallic particle 11 feeders, metallic particles is not subjected to electrostatic attraction, under the comprehensive function of centrifugal force and gravity, got rid of, fallen into metallic particles feeder 12.
Corona electrode of the present invention is at 5KV-10KV, and electric current 2-5mA scope is adjustable, and the present invention can determine technological parameter according to the kind and the broken granularity requirements of waste and old printed circuit board in practical operation.
Claims (4)
1. the ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation system of a waste and old printed circuit board powder, the feed arrangement (2) that comprises batch mixing chamber (3) and be attached thereto, discharge gate (6), it is characterized in that: in described batch mixing chamber (3), be provided with supersonic generator (1) and corona electrode (4), corona electrode (4) is connected with electrostatic generator (5) by lead, be provided with discharge plate (7) in the exit of discharge gate (6), the other end of discharge plate (7) is connected with high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller (8), the both sides, below of high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller (8) are placed non-metallic particle feeder (11) respectively, metallic particles feeder (12), side at high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller (8) and non-metallic particle feeder (11) homonymy is provided with roller brush (9), and the bristle of roller brush (9) is close to high-pressure electrostatic ground connection roller (8).
2. the ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation system of waste and old circuit board powder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described discharge plate (7) but height and angle of inclination free adjustment.
3. utilize claim 1 or 2 described piece-rate systems to realize the method for the ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation of waste and old circuit board powder, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Start supersonic generator (1) and corona electrode (4), hybrid particles with the 50-100 purpose waste and old printed circuit board after the fragmentation, by feed arrangement (2) the batch mixing chamber (3) of packing into, ultrasonic wave destroys intergranular adhesion, reduces ambient humidity, corona electrode makes all particles all saturated charged, all particles drop on the discharge plate (7) afterwards, and metallic particles loses electric charge rapidly, under the comprehensive function of centrifugal force and gravity, metallic particles flies away from roller, falls into metallic particles feeder (12); Charged non-metallic particle is attracted to roller surface under the electrostatic force of high-pressure electrostatic roller, rotate with roller, is fallen by the roller brush of back (9) brush, falls into non-metallic particle feeder (11), realizes separating of metallic particles and non-metallic particle.
4. the method for the ultrasonic high pressure electrostatic separation of waste and old circuit board powder according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the operating frequency of supersonic generator (1) is in 25KHz～120KHz scope, and the voltage of corona electrode (4) is at 5KV-10KV, in the electric current 2-5mA scope.
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| CN 201110028704 CN102228868B (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Ultrasonic high-voltage electrostatic separation method and system for waste printed circuit board powder |
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| CN 201110028704 CN102228868B (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Ultrasonic high-voltage electrostatic separation method and system for waste printed circuit board powder |
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| CN102228868B CN102228868B (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103100557A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-05-15 | 东莞市东恒环保科技有限公司 | Solid waste metal separation equipment |
| CN103111365A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-05-22 | 东莞市东恒环保科技有限公司 | Solid state waste metal sorting method |
| CN107081212A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-08-22 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of ultrasonic high pressure electromagnetic separation device of multi-functional mixed waste material |
| CN109225642A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 江南大学 | A kind of superfine powder wet electrostatic grading plant |
| CN109261362A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-25 | 韩颜涛 | Feed separation equipment based on Electrostatic Absorption |
| CN111922026A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-11-13 | 天津城建大学 | Incineration fly ash triboelectric separation treatment equipment and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103100557A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-05-15 | 东莞市东恒环保科技有限公司 | Solid waste metal separation equipment |
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| CN107081212A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-08-22 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of ultrasonic high pressure electromagnetic separation device of multi-functional mixed waste material |
| CN109225642A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 江南大学 | A kind of superfine powder wet electrostatic grading plant |
| CN109261362A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-25 | 韩颜涛 | Feed separation equipment based on Electrostatic Absorption |
| CN109225642B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-09-03 | 江南大学 | A kind of superfine powder wet electrostatic grading plant |
| CN111922026A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-11-13 | 天津城建大学 | Incineration fly ash triboelectric separation treatment equipment and method |
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| CN102228868B (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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