CN102226344A - Pile shoe structure for retractable drilling platforms - Google Patents
Pile shoe structure for retractable drilling platforms Download PDFInfo
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- CN102226344A CN102226344A CN 201110084096 CN201110084096A CN102226344A CN 102226344 A CN102226344 A CN 102226344A CN 201110084096 CN201110084096 CN 201110084096 CN 201110084096 A CN201110084096 A CN 201110084096A CN 102226344 A CN102226344 A CN 102226344A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pile shoe structure for retractable drilling platforms. The structure comprises a top sealing plate, a bottom sealing plate, a retractable steel skeleton, a movable shoe side-wall shell and a hydraulic device, wherein the top sealing plate is an upper foxed plate arranged below a pile leg, and the bottom sealing plate is a lower fixed plate which is arranged at the lower part of a pile shoe and formed into a pile tip of the pile shoe; the steel skeleton is arranged below the top sealing plate, and in a retractable cage structure consisting of a plurality of steel members; the movable shoe side-wall shell can cooperate with the retractable formation of the steel skeleton of the pole shoe so as to increase the pressure bearing area of the pile shoe and prevent soil bodies around the pile shoe from entering the pile shoe; and a control system of the hydraulic device is arranged at a ballasting control center of a platform, and used for transmitting a shoe retraction instruction to the hydraulic device through hydraulic pipelines laid along the pile leg, then realizing the automatic retraction of the steel skeleton through cooperating with the ballasting control of the platform. By using the pile shoe structure disclosed by the invention, the problem of puncturing existing in the process of carrying out pile driving on a self-elevating drilling platform and the problem of difficult pile extracting existing in the process of withdrawing the self-elevating drilling platform are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil exploitation correlation technique, refer in particular to a kind of scalable offshore boring island shoe that is applied to the pile legs of self-elevating drilling platform structure.
Background technology
On the pile leg structure that with end resistance is main spud leg bearing capacity (as the trussed construction spud leg), extensively adopt the shoe that is equipped with big cross-sectional area in the spud leg bottom, improve end resistance with this, thereby guarantee the requirement of spud leg ultimate bearing capacity.Pile side friction is to go into the increase of the mud degree of depth and there is not the problem that pierces through risk in ever-increasing (being adding up of subsection integral in theory) along with stake.And end resistance is different from pile side friction, and the size of end resistance depends on the stratum of shoe place degree of depth correspondence, and with the layered distribution difference of landing surface, the bearing capacity of pile tip curve is discontinuous at the degree of depth place at strata division interface, becomes jump discontinuity.Whole piece bearing capacity curve presents the step-like of differing heights.Present the bearing capacity of step-like distribution just because of this according to the degree of depth,, certainly exist and pierce through risk with the spud leg of bearing capacity of pile tip as pile ultimate bearing capacity.And the shoe position is the key factor that the risk generation is pierced through in decision.
Before self-elevating drilling platform plug stake operation, generally all need relevant unit to provide the prediction of the pitching pile degree of depth and pile extraction resistance, and the evaluation of piercing through risk and pile pulling difficulty.And these predictions at present and evaluation all are to rely on traditional computation model.The defective that the traditional calculations model is intrinsic causes the accident in the jackup vessel pitching pile process to happen occasionally.
The inventor is according to the achievement that obtains in self-elevating drilling platform plug stake research for many years, and the self-elevating drilling platform plug stake operation at the fixed shoe of present employing has possessed the very high Predicting Technique of precision.Rely on this Predicting Technique, can give scientific guidance, reduce the risk in the operation process self-elevating drilling platform plug stake operation.But because artificial theory is calculated and predicted that the subjective factor influence that is subjected to the people is very big, self-elevating drilling platform plug stake is predicted the outcome also to vary with each individual.This just uncertain skimble-scamble existence allows people that there is doubt in self-elevating drilling platform plug stake operation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is: be the deficiency at existing self-elevating drilling platform plug stake Predicting Technique, and a kind of scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure is provided, with solve exist in the self-elevating drilling platform operation process pierce through risk and pile pulling difficulty.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure, comprise the plate that binds, back cover plate, telescopic steel frame, mobilizable shoe sidewall shell and hydraulic means, wherein:
The described plate that binds be positioned at spud leg below upper mounted plate, described back cover plate is to be positioned at the bottom plate that the shoe bottom constitutes shoe footing point;
Described steel frame is positioned at the below of the described plate that binds, the telescopic cage body structure of being made up of a plurality of steel members;
Described mobilizable shoe sidewall shell can cooperate the dilatation of shoe steel frame, with the bearing area that increases shoe and hinder the shoe surrounding soil and enter shoe;
The control system of described hydraulic means is arranged on platform ballast control centre, by the hydraulic line of laying along spud leg hydraulic means is passed in the flexible instruction of shoe, cooperates the ballast control of platform to realize the flexible automatically of steel frame.
Scalable offshore boring island shoe of the present invention succeeds in developing, and makes shoe reduce the difficulty of pile pulling when having possessed the ability of selecting to avoid piercing through the stratum that has a big risk, overcome the defective that exists in the pre existing survey technology, satisfies and produces actual needs.Scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device of the present invention is compared with existing shoe device, possesses following significant advantage and characteristics:
1, scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device of the present invention flexibility is strong.Embodied very big dynamic role, can operate, can control, can select.
2, scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device of the present invention has overcome the defective that known technology exists, solve the problem that pierces through in the self-elevating drilling platform pitching pile process, reduce the platform operation process pierce through risk, the pile pulling difficulty when solving self-elevating drilling platform and withdrawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the contraction state schematic diagram of scalable offshore boring island shoe one specific embodiment agent structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the open configuration schematic diagram of scalable offshore boring island shoe one specific embodiment agent structure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B are the mechanical work principle schematic diagram that the steel frame of scalable offshore boring island shoe one specific embodiment of the present invention opens process;
Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B are the mechanical work principle schematic diagram of the steel frame contraction process of scalable offshore boring island shoe one specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 partly cuts open figure for the open configuration of scalable offshore boring island shoe one specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 A is the chute structural representation on the stage casing girder steel inside wall of a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 A is the structural representation of the movable flexible shell that adopted in the specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 B is the schematic top plan view of the movable shell of corresponding diagram 6A;
Fig. 7 A is the steel plate structure schematic diagram of the shell of scalable offshore boring island shoe of the present invention;
Fig. 7 B is the structural representation of scalable offshore boring island shoe with outer cover of steel plate of Fig. 7 A.
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
1, spud leg 10, plate 20, steel frame bind
21, epimere girder steel 22, stage casing girder steel 23, hypomere girder steel
24, go up retainer ring 25, stem stem 26, following retainer ring
27,28, hinged-support 29, movable telescopic ring 30, hydraulic means
31, jack 33, hydraulic mechanism 40, shell
41, epimere steel plate 42, stage casing steel plate 43, hypomere steel plate
401, connecting portion 403, first flank 405, second flank
50, back cover plate 51, ball
The specific embodiment
Self-elevating drilling platform in place and withdraw in the operation requisite plug anchor ear joint and exist and pierce through and pile pulling difficulty two big risks, pierce through with the difficult two big risks of pile pulling be conflicting existence just.When the shoe of design self-elevating drilling platform, should consider the requirement that the shoe bearing capacity is big as far as possible, satisfy the as much as possible little requirement of pile extraction resistance again.The shoe net sectional area has been increased, and its bearing capacity must increase, but the resistance during its pile pulling also must increase.The contradiction focus of Here it is pitching pile and pile pulling two big links.The starting point of scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device mentality of designing just is being based on the focus of this contradiction.If scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device development successfully will certainly thoroughly solve the topmost problem that self-elevating drilling platform pitching pile and pile pulling link will be considered.That is exactly how to realize that self-elevating drilling platform has enough bearing capacities under the pitching pile degree of depth that is fit to, and does not pierce through risk and brings difficulty for the pile pulling link.Scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device makes shoe have flexibility, allows operating personnel have right to choose to the suitable pitching pile degree of depth and suitable pile sinking stratum.Make offshore boring island when pitching pile, have target.When pile pulling, by the contraction of shoe, the pile extraction resistance meeting reduces significantly, thereby has also reduced the risk of pile pulling difficulty greatly, makes platform seem masterly when changing well location and keeping away platform.
Based on above-mentioned consideration, as shown in the figure, the present invention proposes a kind of scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure, comprises the plate that binds, back cover plate, telescopic steel frame, mobilizable shoe sidewall shell and hydraulic means, wherein:
The described plate that binds be positioned at spud leg below upper mounted plate, described back cover plate is to be positioned at the bottom plate that the shoe bottom constitutes shoe footing point;
Described steel frame is positioned at the below of the described plate that binds, the telescopic cage body structure of being made up of a plurality of steel members;
Described mobilizable shoe sidewall shell can cooperate the dilatation of shoe steel frame, with the bearing area that increases shoe and hinder the shoe surrounding soil and enter shoe;
The control system of described hydraulic means is arranged on platform ballast control centre, by the hydraulic line of laying along spud leg hydraulic means is passed in the flexible instruction of shoe, cooperates the ballast control of platform to realize the flexible automatically of steel frame.
By said structure, at the shoe contraction state, rely on the location constraint of hydraulic means to shoe stage casing girder steel, the power of shoe epimere girder steel, is delivered on the hypomere girder steel to the stage casing girder steel then by axial force transmission, finally is delivered to the stratum; After shoe is lowered into target zone, will carry out the operation of opening of shoe, rely on hydraulic system to destroy the balance of shoe contraction state, by the ballast of offshore boring island, make shoe under strong stratum constraint, can open operation, realize new equilibrium of forces.
Preferably, scalable steel frame comprises the stem stem of being located at central part and many groups girder steel of stem stem exterior annular array distribution, and each is organized girder steel and can radially telescopically be provided with synchronously under the control of hydraulic means.
Further, for the ease of forming telescopic cage body structure, every group of girder steel comprises at least near plate and can pivot epimere girder steel that is provided with and the hypomere girder steel that also can pivot and be provided with near back cover plate of binding, and the other end of described epimere girder steel and hypomere girder steel also is to pivot to be provided with.
Preferably, described every group of girder steel also comprises the stage casing girder steel, and girder steel two ends, described stage casing are connected between described epimere girder steel and the hypomere girder steel pivotly, and an end of described hydraulic means is arranged at the internal face of described stage casing girder steel.
In order to make the shoe cage keep globality and indeformable system, also can the connection chain be set respectively at the upper and lower end of two adjacent stage casing girder steels, constitute upper and lower movable telescopic ring, so that suitable in addition constraint when after the shoe cage crimps onto to a certain degree, being positioned at open configuration.
Because scalable steel frame is in open process; along with off-axis side shifting outside shoe takes place under the effect of hydraulic means the stage casing girder steel; shoe top is because of being subjected to the load that spud leg transmits; usually the sunk type displacement can appear; therefore; the internal face that the present invention is preferably at the stage casing girder steel is provided with chute vertically; hydraulic means comprises the one group of hydraulic mechanism that stretches out annular array distribution radially to the shaft ambient level of stem stem, and an end of each hydraulic mechanism is to be connected in the internal face chute of corresponding stage casing girder steel by the slidingtype hinged-support.The hinged-support that each hydraulic mechanism of hydraulic means is connected on the girder steel of stage casing is stuck in the chute, only allows in chute to do on the vertical direction along girder steel inboard, stage casing to slide, thereby realizes the flexible automatically of steel frame.
In addition, fixedly connected and the realization of each group skeleton is flexible automatically for convenience, scalable steel frame also comprises to be located at the last retainer ring of respectively organizing the girder steel top and to be located at the following retainer ring of respectively organizing the girder steel bottom, described go up retainer ring with on the plate composition disc-shaped structure that binds, described spud leg is positioned at the top of described disc-shaped structure, and each upper end of organizing the epimere girder steel of girder steel links to each other with last retainer ring by last fixed-hinged support and the circular array distribution; Described back cover plate is fixed on down the footing point that constitutes shoe on the retainer ring, and each lower end of organizing the hypomere girder steel of girder steel is to link to each other with following retainer ring and the circular array distribution by following fixed-hinged support.Described upper and lower retainer ring is preferably rounded or regular polygon.
In order to make that this shell can produce suitable extended position distortion when extruding is shunk in shoe, and when opening, shoe can sustain material from the shoe surrounding soil pressure, the preferable sheet steel plate that comprises piecemeal attached to the staggered fluctuating on each girder steel of shoe sidewall shell, in the contraction and open whole process of shoe, overlapping and the overlap joint that scatters forms the shell of shoe to each sheet steel plate by gathering to each other, in order to the bearing area that increases shoe and stop surrounding soil a large amount of enter shoe inside.
Because the shoe upper surface of last retainer ring position is connected to pile leg structure, the shoe lower surface inner surface of following retainer ring position is connected to stem stem, considers the intensity and the globality of structure, is preferably respectively to add welding steel support in the ring of retainer ring up and down.The outer end that this steel supports is preferably between two adjacent hinged-supports.
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, feature and effect more apparent, now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the agent structure contraction state that is respectively scalable offshore boring island shoe one specific embodiment of the present invention down and the schematic diagram under the open configuration, in addition please in conjunction with shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 6 B, the scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device of present embodiment comprises the plate 10 that binds, telescopic steel frame 20, hydraulic means 30, mobilizable shoe sidewall shell 40 and back cover plate 50 (for the internal construction that makes present embodiment is clearer, all not showing housing parts among Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 A).Wherein, telescopic steel frame 20 comprises retainer ring 24, stem stem 25, following retainer ring 26, upper and lower movable telescopic ring 29 and organizes girder steel more, last retainer ring 24, following retainer ring 26 can be multiple shapes such as circle or regular polygon, present embodiment is that example describes with the circle, every group of girder steel comprises epimere girder steel 21, stage casing girder steel 22 and hypomere girder steel 23, and hydraulic means 30 comprises a plurality of hydraulic mechanisms 33 that the hydraulic jack 31 of being located at stem stem 25 inside and stem stem 25 peripheries distribute radially.
The plate 10 that binds is formed disc-shaped structure with last retainer ring 24, and as the steel frame 20 of telescopic action and the connecting portion between the spud leg 1, promptly spud leg 1 is seated on this disc-shaped structure.The upper end of every group of girder steel is affixed on the retainer ring 24 by the hinged-support that circumferentially is array distribution 27 of last retainer ring 24.
Back cover plate 50 can be designed to tabular as required, also can be designed to have the coniform of certain taper.Back cover plate 50 is fixed on down the footing point that constitutes shoe on the retainer ring 26.On the circumference at the position, upper end of this footing point (following retainer ring 26) circular array distribution be provided with fixed-hinged support 28 with hypomere girder steel 23 equivalent, in order to set up the hinged of hypomere girder steel 23 and footing point.25 of the stem stems of shoe inside are directly to be weldingly fixed on down on the end face at retainer ring 26 places.
The stem stem 25 of shoe inside and shoe are bound certain operating range between the plate 10, the jack 31 of certain tonnage vertically is installed in the stem stem 25, and this operating range is as the flexible distance of the hydraulic stem (not shown) of jack 31.At the shoe contraction state, the elongation of the hydraulic stem of this jack 31 contacts with the plate 10 that binds; Opening in the process of shoe, hydraulic stem constantly reclaims, and the last retainer ring 24 and the plate 10 that binds fall to the upper end of stem stem 25 together along with spud leg 1.This moment, hydraulic stem was recovered in the stem stem 25, and shoe also is in limit open configuration, please refer to shown in Figure 6.This shows that this operating range is the excursion of whole shoe height between open configuration and compressive state.
An end that stretches out one group of hydraulic mechanism 33 that the radial annular array distributes to the shaft ambient level from the stem stem 25 of shoe inside is connected the middle part of stage casing girder steel 22, and flexible by this group hydraulic mechanism 33 controlled the flexible of whole shoe.The control system of this group hydraulic mechanism is arranged in the platform ballast control centre, by the hydraulic line (not shown) of laying along spud leg 1 the hydraulic mechanism group is passed in the flexible instruction of shoe, cooperates the ballast control of platform, realizes the flexible automatically of shoe.
Each upper end hinged-support 27 by correspondence of organizing the epimere girder steel 21 of girder steel is connected in retainer ring 24, the lower end of hypomere girder steel 23 is that the hinged-support 28 by correspondence is connected in down retainer ring 26, each organizes the lower end of the corresponding hinged epimere girder steel 21 in two ends of stage casing girder steel 22 of girder steel and the upper end of hypomere girder steel 23, and each hydraulic mechanism of hydraulic means is preferably the middle part that is connected in each stage casing girder steel, and is smooth and easy to realize that shoe is stretched automatically.
Safety and globality based on pile shoe structure are considered, the waist that is preferably in shoe is provided with upper and lower movable telescopic ring 29, after the shoe cage crimps onto to a certain degree, fettered by described upper and lower movable telescopic ring 29, so that the shoe cage keeps globality and indeformable system.Particularly, the movable telescopic ring can be the movable telescopic joint that has radian by the some annulus that is in series.Binding force is provided mainly for the shoe after opening, because the activity of movable telescopic ring is more weak, so the structure of movable telescopic ring is very crucial.Since scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure in stressed main consider be on end face and bottom surface be subjected to ballast and tension force effect that the shoe waist is produced, so it is also conceivable that and adopt the annulus that chain (forming the anchor chain formula) or a kind of anisotropic material (as fiber-like) make (it can show big pulling force, and can be out of shape during pressurized), replace providing the binding force of shoe waist, promote the globality of scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device with this by the annulus that the movable telescopic joint is in series.Can guarantee the circumferential globality of shoe if consider the movable shell of waist sidewall, moreover be in the constraint on stratum around the shoe, thereby also the movable telescopic ring can be set, shoe inside also is provided with the hydraulic mechanism group of annular array radial distribution after all.
Mobilizable shoe sidewall shell is preferably the foldable structure or the bridging arrangement that can take place as the umbrella type distortion when extruding is shunk in shoe, and can sustain from the shoe surrounding soil pressure when shoe is opened.
Movable shoe sidewall shell 40 is preferably that the sheet steel plate that adheres to (welding) staggered fluctuating on each girder steel by piecemeal is formed and the telescopic movable that do not influence pile shoe structure.In the present embodiment, attached to the activity shoe sidewall shell on the girder steel is that to adopt cross section be that the quadrangle sheet steel plate overlap joint of arc forms, shown in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, this shell is by constituting along the circumferential uniform a plurality of steel plate groups of shoe, each steel plate group by attached to the epimere steel plate 41 on the epimere girder steel 21, constitute the extension type structure attached to the stage casing steel plate 42 on the stage casing girder steel 22 and attached to the hypomere steel plate 43 on the hypomere girder steel 23, the adjacent interlaced overlap joint of two steel plate groups.
Particularly, shown in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, each sheet steel plate has the connecting portion 401 that extends vertically that joins with corresponding girder steel, and the both sides of this connecting portion 401 are respectively along circumferentially extending to form first flank 403, second flank 405 that symmetry and cross section are arcuation; When contraction state, first flank 403 of an adjacent sheet steel plate keeps overlapping overlap joint with second flank 405 of another sheet steel plate; When complete open configuration, in the two adjacent steel plate groups, stage casing steel plate 42 is extrapolated, complete at least the joining of second flank 405 of first flank 403 of the first stage casing steel plate and the second adjacent stage casing steel plate, be preferably and still keep a spot of overlapping overlap joint, to form relative closed state, and on, hypomere steel plate 41,43 outwards radiant type stretching, extensions along with the release of stage casing girder steel 22, the final maximum extension position (lower end of epimere steel plate near the stage casing steel plate, first flank of the adjacent two steel plates upper end of hypomere steel plate) and second flank are complete at least to join, be preferably and still keep a spot of overlapping overlap joint, to form relative closed state, but (the upper end of epimere steel plate of the fixed end away from the stage casing steel plate of its each steel plate in the process that descends, the lower end of hypomere steel plate) relation between remains unchanged substantially, and what form present embodiment thus can be with the flexible closed cage body case of girder steel.
Utilize said structure, be accompanied by the contraction of steel frame and open, these sheet steel plates are gathered overlapping to each other and overlap joint scatters, thereby increase the bearing area of shoe and hinder the shoe surrounding soil and enter shoe, the shoe sidewall shell main purpose of this activity is in the contraction and open whole process of shoe, overlapping and the overlap joint that scatters forms the shell of shoe by gathering to each other, in order to stop surrounding soil a large amount of enter shoe inside.
Consider that may there be micro-deformation in the sheet steel plate when stressed, movable shoe sidewall shell also can be set up ball, the frictional force between the sheet steel plate that overlaps when being reduced in activity, and the activity of realization activity shoe shell is freely.Shown in Fig. 7 A, 7B, the ball 51 of some (4 or 6 of every square meters) is set on one of the contact surface between two steel plates that overlap mutually steel plate contact surface.By laying these balls, realize changing the contact of the slide plane between two steel plates into the rolling surface contact, thereby reduce the frictional force between the overlap joint steel plate, the activity performance of lifting activity shoe sidewall shell greatly.
In addition, because the last hypomere steel plate of composition activity shoe shell is when movable, along with opening of shoe, last lower steel plate becomes therefrom radial opening around the mind-set, and the overlap joint between steel plate exists certain intersection to push phenomenon, influences the smoothness when opening.Suitable cunning the when opening in order to improve, one embodiment of the invention have been carried out the processing of thickening degree to the flank of sheet steel plate, be that flank partly adopts thickening degree formula steel plate structure, make the thickness of going up the lower steel plate flank change, to weaken because of opening the increase of the extruding degree that causes along with the extruding degree of the contact in the process of opening.
In conjunction with aforementioned content, those skilled in the art can understand, shoe sidewall shell 40 of the present invention is not limited to this, for example can also adopt shrinkable high-tensile material such as cloth to make attached to the high-tensile shoe shell of shoe cage external surface, cooperate the steel frame of shoe can stop the shoe surrounding soil to enter shoe.
Utilize said structure, at the shoe contraction state, rely on the location constraint of 33 pairs of shoe stage casings of hydraulic mechanism girder steel 22, (the shoe upper, middle and lower section girder steel under the contraction state all is subjected to a power to the power of each epimere girder steel 21 of shoe, show as compression member) form axle power by axial force transmission to the stage casing girder steel, be delivered to then and form axle power on the hypomere girder steel, finally be delivered to the stratum, this stressed principle can guarantee the stability of contraction state.On the other hand, after shoe is lowered into target zone, will carry out the operation of opening of shoe, opening operation will rely on hydraulic system to destroy the balance of shoe contraction state, by the ballast of offshore boring island, make shoe under strong stratum constraint, still can open operation, realize new equilibrium of forces.
Scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure of the present invention is to rely on scalable steel frame mechanism, adopts hydraulic means in addition dynamic role control of mechanism.Because in submarine soil layer, the constraint that mechanism is subjected to is big, and the load that the performance of mechanism's dynamic role needs is very big, and the load in the time of can be by ballast realizes the hypertonic dynamic role of mechanism.Detailed process is as follows:
Scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device is in contraction state, and the shoe diameter is suitable with the spud leg diameter.Shoe is under the promotion that spud leg is lowered to and be lowered to seafloor soil.
Along with the increase of ballast, shoe constantly is lowered to.When being lowered into, shoe is scheduled to optimal bearing formation (there is not the stratum of piercing through risk in this stratum after being to satisfy the maximum prefabricating load of self-elevating drilling platform by the spud leg Ultimate Strength and pierce through analysis), and can be with this as the open position of scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device.
The primer fluid pressing system, the thrust by hydraulic stem makes shoe stage casing girder steel depart from initial axis slightly laterally, and the continuation expansion takes place in mechanism under the effect of top spud leg ballast, until equilibrium of forces.
Mechanism reaches the open configuration that new equilibrium state is shoe.Along with opening of mechanism, it is big that the cross-sectional area of shoe becomes, and it is big that bearing capacity becomes naturally.
Be specifically described at action and the stress that shoe is lowered to the each several part of process and pile pulling process below in conjunction with said structure:
Shown in Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, it is the mechanical work principle schematic diagram (opening process) of scalable offshore boring island shoe one embodiment of the present invention.Shoe is when destination layer, along with hydraulic mechanism 33 is started working, promote stage casing girder steel 22 through the slip hinged-support that is connected with stage casing girder steel 22, the skew that stage casing girder steel 22 takes place to the shoe outside, the balance of mechanism is destroyed, downward displacement will take place in the last retainer ring 24 on shoe top under the effect of spud leg 1 load, this trend has further promoted stage casing girder steel 22 displacement laterally, and the cross-sectional area of shoe is enlarged.Along with the decline of last retainer ring 24 and the promotion of hydraulic mechanism 33, when the shoe effective diameter is increased to limiting value, the constraint effect of movable telescopic ring (anchor chain) 29 begins performance, goes up the upper end that retainer ring 24 is seated in stem stem 25 simultaneously, and whole shoe is able to work under open configuration.Wherein:
In original state, scalable steel frame is under contraction state, and whole shoe also is under the contraction state, its lifting surface area must compare less, under equal ballast, shoe is than " egg shell " stratum that is easier to pierce through risk by being considered to exist, and destination layer goes directly.
After arriving destination layer, scalable steel frame is in open process, along with off-axis side shifting outside shoe takes place under the effect of hydraulic means the stage casing girder steel, shoe top has a very big facilitation because of being subjected to the load that spud leg transmits to opening of scalable steel frame.Hydraulic means cooperates load that top transmits to the shoe flattening just, makes scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure device also can realize opening action under the constraint on stratum around, and shoe such as same sphenoid are embedded in the stratum.
Scalable steel frame is in open process, and along with off-axis side shifting outside shoe takes place under the effect of hydraulic means the stage casing girder steel, shoe top the sunk type displacement occurs because of being subjected to the load that spud leg transmits.When shoe top standing part moved down into the stem stem end face of shoe inside, shoe also reached maximum open configuration.The whole bearing load of open shoe has constituted the ultimate bearing capacity of spud leg.In the self-elevating drilling platform operation process, shoe is being supported platform with this state exactly.
Scalable steel frame is in open process, along with off-axis side shifting outside shoe takes place under the effect of hydraulic means the stage casing girder steel, the stage casing girder steel is accompanied by the flexible of hydraulic means with respect to relative position on the stem stem horizontal direction and changes, relative position is also because the geometry of pile shoe structure changes and changes on the vertical direction, so being connected between hydraulic means and the stage casing girder steel is to adopt the slip hinged-support, cooperate the change of relative position on this vertical direction with this, promptly the inboard, upright direction of each stage casing girder steel is provided with chute 221 (shown in Fig. 5 A), the hinged-support that hydraulic mechanism 33 is connected on the stage casing girder steel 22 is fastened in the chute 221, only allows in chute 221 to do along stage casing girder steel 22 inboards the slip on the vertical direction.
In open process, the stage casing girder steel changes to some extent with respect to relative position on the stem stem vertical direction at scalable steel frame.Hydraulic mechanism is installed in the stem stem shaft outside, connects into level to layout with the stage casing girder steel, and flexible end is connected on the girder steel of stage casing.So the stage casing girder steel is influential to the work of hydraulic means with respect to the variation of stem stem in the vertical direction relative position, present embodiment promptly is to adopt the slip hinged-support to avoid this influence.Promptly along with the relative decline of stage casing girder steel, mounted thereto slip hinged-support will slide to the upper end from girder steel lower end, stage casing, thereby avoid variation the influence that to hydraulic means work bring of stage casing girder steel with respect to relative position on the stem stem vertical direction.
Referring to Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, it is a scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure equipment mechanism operating principle schematic diagram of the present invention (contraction process).When jack-up unit is withdrawn, beginning pile pulling operation, displacement upwards will take place in retainer ring 4 on shoe top under the effect of uplift force, work along with hydraulic mechanism 33, draw stage casing girder steel 22 over to one's side through the slip hinged-support that is connected with stage casing girder steel 2, stage casing girder steel 22 is drawn close to the shoe axis, and the cross-sectional area of shoe is dwindled, and realizes the contraction of shoe.Wherein: along with the carrying out of pile pulling operation, cover backfill in 21 extruding of shoe epimere girder steel, backfill all is the external applied load that the activity shoe is shunk to the soil body around shoe reaction force and the shoe to the pressure of shoe, and external applied load fluid,matching press mechanism is realized the contraction operation of shoe.
Above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, but can not be interpreted as and be necessary for all combination of features in the specific embodiment when implementing, each technical characterictic of describing in the manual of the present invention can select one to adopt or select the multinomial use that combines separately according to actual needs, therefore, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure is characterized in that, described pile shoe structure comprises the plate that binds, back cover plate, telescopic steel frame, mobilizable shoe sidewall shell and hydraulic means, wherein:
The described plate that binds be positioned at spud leg below upper mounted plate, described back cover plate is to be positioned at the bottom plate that the shoe bottom constitutes shoe footing point;
Described steel frame is positioned at the below of the described plate that binds, the telescopic cage body structure of being made up of a plurality of steel members;
Mobilizable shoe sidewall shell can cooperate the dilatation of shoe steel frame;
The control system of described hydraulic means is arranged on platform ballast control centre, by the hydraulic line of laying along spud leg hydraulic means is passed in the flexible instruction of shoe, cooperates the ballast control of platform to realize the flexible automatically of steel frame.
2. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, at the shoe contraction state, rely on the location constraint of hydraulic means to shoe stage casing girder steel, the power of shoe epimere girder steel arrives the stage casing girder steel by axial force transmission, be delivered to then on the hypomere girder steel, finally be delivered to the stratum; After shoe is lowered into target zone, will carry out the operation of opening of shoe, rely on hydraulic system to destroy the balance of shoe contraction state, by the ballast of offshore boring island, make shoe under strong stratum constraint, can open operation, realize new equilibrium of forces.
3. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, scalable steel frame comprises the stem stem of being located at central part and many groups girder steel of stem stem exterior annular array distribution, and each is organized girder steel and can radially telescopically be provided with synchronously under the control of hydraulic means.
4. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, every group of girder steel comprises at least near plate and can pivot epimere girder steel that is provided with and the hypomere girder steel that also can pivot and be provided with near back cover plate of binding, and the other end of described epimere girder steel and hypomere girder steel also is to pivot to be provided with.
5. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described every group of girder steel also comprises the stage casing girder steel, girder steel two ends, described stage casing are connected between described epimere girder steel and the hypomere girder steel pivotly, and an end of described hydraulic means is arranged at the internal face of described stage casing girder steel.
6. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the upper and lower end of two adjacent stage casing girder steels is respectively equipped with upper and lower movable telescopic ring, so that fettered when after the shoe cage crimps onto to a certain degree, being positioned at open configuration, make the shoe cage keep globality and indeformable system.
7. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the internal face of described stage casing girder steel is provided with chute vertically, described hydraulic means comprises the one group of hydraulic mechanism that stretches out annular array distribution radially to the shaft ambient level of stem stem, and an end of each hydraulic mechanism is to be connected in the internal face chute of corresponding stage casing girder steel by the slidingtype hinged-support.
8. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described scalable steel frame comprises to be located at the last retainer ring of respectively organizing the girder steel top and to be located at the following retainer ring of respectively organizing the girder steel bottom, the described retainer ring of going up is formed disc-shaped structure with the plate that binds, described spud leg is positioned at the top of described disc-shaped structure, and each upper end of organizing the epimere girder steel of girder steel links to each other with last retainer ring by last fixed-hinged support and the circular array distribution; Described back cover plate is fixed on down the footing point that constitutes shoe on the retainer ring, and each lower end of organizing the hypomere girder steel of girder steel is to link to each other with following retainer ring and the circular array distribution by following fixed-hinged support.
9. as each described scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure of claim 3 to 8, it is characterized in that, described shoe sidewall shell comprises the sheet steel plate of piecemeal attached to the staggered fluctuating on each girder steel, to satisfy the telescopic movable of pile shoe structure, in the contraction and open whole process of shoe, overlapping and the overlap joint that scatters forms the shell of shoe to each sheet steel plate by gathering to each other, in order to the bearing area that increases shoe and stop surrounding soil a large amount of enter shoe inside.
10. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described back cover plate is tabular or coniform, it is fixed on the footing point of formation shoe on the described retainer ring down, and each hypomere girder steel of organizing girder steel is hinged along fixed-hinged support and the described footing point of circumferentially going up the array distribution setting by described retainer ring down; The stem stem of shoe inside is weldingly fixed on the upper surface of back cover plate.
11. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the rounded or regular polygon of described upper and lower retainer ring; Be welded with steel in the described upper and lower retainer ring and support, to strengthen the intensity and the globality of structure.
12. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described hydraulic means also comprises the jack of vertically installing in the described stem stem, described stem stem and bind one section distance as jack hydraulic bar telescopic movable is arranged between the plate, this distance is the excursion of whole shoe height between open configuration and compressive state.
13. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, this shoe sidewall shell comprises a plurality of steel plate groups, each steel plate group by attached to the epimere steel plate on the epimere girder steel, constitute the extension type structure attached to the stage casing steel plate on the girder steel of stage casing and attached to the hypomere steel plate on the hypomere girder steel, the adjacent interlaced overlap joint of two steel plate groups.
14. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that, described each steel plate has the connecting portion that extends vertically that joins with corresponding girder steel, and the both sides of this connecting portion are respectively along circumferentially extending to form first flank, second flank that symmetry and cross section are arcuation; When contraction state, first flank of an adjacent sheet steel plate and second flank of another sheet steel plate keep overlapping overlap joint; When complete open configuration, in the two adjacent steel plate groups, the stage casing steel plate is extrapolated, first flank of the first stage casing steel plate forms relative overlap joint closed state with second flank of the adjacent second stage casing steel plate, and on, the hypomere steel plate is outwards radiant type stretching, extension along with the release of stage casing girder steel, first flank of adjacent two steel plates of the maximum extension position of final close stage casing steel plate forms relative closed state with second flank, but the relation away between the fixed end of stage casing steel plate of its each steel plate in the process that descends remains unchanged substantially, forms closed cage body case thus.
15. scalable offshore boring island pile shoe structure as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, movable shoe sidewall shell is provided with the ball of some on the steel plate contact surface of one of contact surface between two steel plates that overlap mutually, make and be the contact of rolling between two steel plates, to reduce the frictional force between the overlap joint steel plate, the activity performance of lifting activity shoe sidewall shell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100840960A CN102226344B (en) | 2011-04-02 | 2011-04-02 | Pile shoe structure for retractable drilling platforms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100840960A CN102226344B (en) | 2011-04-02 | 2011-04-02 | Pile shoe structure for retractable drilling platforms |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102226344A true CN102226344A (en) | 2011-10-26 |
| CN102226344B CN102226344B (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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| CN2011100840960A Expired - Fee Related CN102226344B (en) | 2011-04-02 | 2011-04-02 | Pile shoe structure for retractable drilling platforms |
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| CN102704475A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-03 | 南通中远船务工程有限公司 | Moving pile shoe of self-elevating maritime work platform |
| CN102704455A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-03 | 南通中远船务工程有限公司 | Method for connecting pile leg and pile shoe of windmill installation vehicle |
| CN103422500A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-12-04 | 江苏科技大学 | Overturn-resistant self-elevating platform pile shoe |
| CN103485341A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏科技大学 | Double-truncated-cone type pile shoe |
| CN104047286A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-09-17 | 贵州中建建筑科研设计院有限公司 | Explosive-type hollow pointed pile |
| CN104528583A (en) * | 2015-01-24 | 2015-04-22 | 邢鹏达 | Telescopic movable hydraulic jack |
| CN106193028A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of shoe for hoistable platform |
| CN106284337A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of shoe |
| CN106284336A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of shoe |
| CN106373449A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-02-01 | 浙江海洋大学 | Marine engineering test platform device for simulating marine operation working condition |
| CN110004902A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of skirt-type can give up as hopeless the shoe of anti-puncture self-elevating drilling platform and drilling platforms |
| CN110260128A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 台州市迪信勘察仪器有限公司 | A kind of support construction in sea floor exploration equipment |
| CN112267460A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-26 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Active puncturing pile shoe structure of self-elevating drilling platform and operation method thereof |
| CN112609688A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 广州船舶及海洋工程设计研究院（中国船舶工业集团公司第六0五研究院） | Pile shoe structure of self-elevating drilling platform |
| CN114541379A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏科技大学 | Gravity type pile shoe capable of bearing lateral load |
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| CN102704475A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-03 | 南通中远船务工程有限公司 | Moving pile shoe of self-elevating maritime work platform |
| CN102704455A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-03 | 南通中远船务工程有限公司 | Method for connecting pile leg and pile shoe of windmill installation vehicle |
| CN102704455B (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2014-11-26 | 南通中远船务工程有限公司 | Method for connecting pile leg and pile shoe of windmill installation vehicle |
| CN103422500A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-12-04 | 江苏科技大学 | Overturn-resistant self-elevating platform pile shoe |
| CN103422500B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-09-16 | 江苏科技大学 | The shoe of a kind of overturn-preventing jack-up unit |
| CN103485341A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏科技大学 | Double-truncated-cone type pile shoe |
| CN103485341B (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2015-06-10 | 江苏科技大学 | Double-truncated-cone type pile shoe |
| CN104047286A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-09-17 | 贵州中建建筑科研设计院有限公司 | Explosive-type hollow pointed pile |
| CN104047286B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2016-04-27 | 贵州中建建筑科研设计院有限公司 | The hollow pointed stake of a kind of explosion type |
| CN104528583A (en) * | 2015-01-24 | 2015-04-22 | 邢鹏达 | Telescopic movable hydraulic jack |
| CN106193028A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of shoe for hoistable platform |
| CN106284336A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of shoe |
| CN106284337A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of shoe |
| CN109300353B (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2021-07-27 | 浙江海洋大学 | Ocean engineering test platform device for simulating offshore operation working conditions |
| CN106373449A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-02-01 | 浙江海洋大学 | Marine engineering test platform device for simulating marine operation working condition |
| CN106373449B (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-01-29 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of ocean engineering experiment stage apparatus for simulating operation on the sea operating condition |
| CN109300353A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江海洋大学 | Simulate the ocean engineering experiment stage apparatus of operation on the sea operating condition |
| CN110004902A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of skirt-type can give up as hopeless the shoe of anti-puncture self-elevating drilling platform and drilling platforms |
| CN110004902B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2024-02-02 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Skirt-type self-disposable puncture-resistant jack-up drilling platform pile shoe and drilling platform |
| CN110260128A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 台州市迪信勘察仪器有限公司 | A kind of support construction in sea floor exploration equipment |
| CN112267460A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-26 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Active puncturing pile shoe structure of self-elevating drilling platform and operation method thereof |
| CN112609688A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 广州船舶及海洋工程设计研究院（中国船舶工业集团公司第六0五研究院） | Pile shoe structure of self-elevating drilling platform |
| CN114541379A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏科技大学 | Gravity type pile shoe capable of bearing lateral load |
| CN114541379B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-12-16 | 江苏科技大学 | Gravity type pile shoe capable of bearing side load |
| WO2023169244A1 (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-09-14 | 江苏科技大学 | Gravity pile shoe capable of bearing lateral load effect |
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