CN102226113B - Biomass gasification tar treatment system - Google Patents
Biomass gasification tar treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102226113B CN102226113B CN201110105926.3A CN201110105926A CN102226113B CN 102226113 B CN102226113 B CN 102226113B CN 201110105926 A CN201110105926 A CN 201110105926A CN 102226113 B CN102226113 B CN 102226113B
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N EtOH Substances CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PIYVNGWKHNMMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].O Chemical compound [O].O PIYVNGWKHNMMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011286 gas tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The biomass gasification tar treatment system and the method comprise a cyclone separator, a condenser, a spraying water washing tower, a charcoal adsorption tank and an active carbon adsorption tank; the cyclone separator is provided with a first biomass gas inlet and a first biomass gas outlet, and the bottom of the cyclone separator is provided with an ash outlet; the condenser consists of a U-shaped pipe and a water jacket, the U-shaped pipe is arranged in the water jacket, the bottom of the U-shaped pipe is provided with an outlet at the bottom of the U-shaped pipe, two ports at the upper end of the U-shaped pipe are respectively connected with a second biomass gas inlet and a second biomass gas outlet, and the outlet at the bottom of the U-shaped pipe is connected with a first tar outlet; the lower part of the spray washing tower is provided with a third biomass gas inlet, the top of the spray washing tower is provided with a third biomass gas outlet, the bottom of the spray washing tower is provided with a light tar outlet, and the upper part in the spray washing tower is provided with a spray device; the first biomass gas outlet of the cyclone separator is connected with the second biomass gas inlet of the water jacket through a pipeline, and the second biomass gas outlet is connected with the third biomass gas inlet of the spray washing tower through a pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of gasifying biomass tar removing, say that more specifically a cover reduces the system of the coal-tar middle oil content of biogas.
Background technology
Biomass are as the clean energy that a kind of utilization has a extensive future, and have that output is abundant, reproducible advantage, and biomass resource is converted into bio-ethanol, biofuel, can the part petroleum replacing, alleviate the present situation of petroleum resources deficiency.The approach of biomass utilization has multiple, and as direct burning, gasification conversion etc., wherein the biomass energy method for transformation has biochemical conversion method and thermochemistry conversion method efficiently.The biochemical transformations technology is mainly take anaerobic digestion techniques and extraordinary zymotechnic as main.Thermochemical method comprises pyrolysis, liquefaction and gasification etc.
In recent years, biomass gasification technology relies on the advantages such as it is simple, cost of investment is low, is widely used in production and test research.By the hot biological fuel gas of biomass gasifying furnace gasification gained, after the filtration units such as dedusting were removed the macrobead dust, direct combustion heat supplying under hot state was that a kind of ratio directly burns and the higher biomass of other biomass gasification boiler mode thermo-efficiency are utilized form.There is not the secondary pollution problem to water in it, and scale of investment less, running maintenance expense are lower, strong adaptability, but cause the formation (being mainly tar) of heavy hydrocarbon due to gasifying biomass, cause condensation and obstruction occurring at downstream processing equipment such as engine and strainer place, cause serious operation problem, thereby limited the development that biological fuel gas utilizes.At present, this kind combustion gas is used mainly as countryside kitchen work can, and be designed with special kitchen range, but it is not also common as industrial fuel, mainly be applied to the dry aspect of the agricultural byproducts such as timber, grain, cereal and tobacco leaf, the special emphasis of research is building and selecting of whole system, at the report of the research aspect the biomass gas tar oil processing also seldom, the more efficient and rational utilization of biological fuel gas is restricted.
Therefore the present invention utilizes the characteristics design of tar to go out system's more promising behave beyond doubt that a cover can reduce the coal-tar middle oil content of biogas expeditiously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, overcome the defective of prior art, provide that a nested structure is simple, cheap, high efficiency tar-processing system, after can effectively solving combustion gas that gasifying biomass produces and air feed equipment being connected, excessive tar affects equipment to be used, and causes the problem of line clogging.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is:
Biomass gasified tar processing system comprises cyclonic separator, condenser, spray washing tower, wood charcoal adsorption tank and absorbent charcoal adsorption tank;
Described cyclonic separator is provided with the first biological fuel gas entrance and the outlet of the first biological fuel gas, is provided with ash output hole in the bottom of cyclonic separator;
Described condenser is comprised of U-shaped pipe and water jacket, described water jacket is provided with the second biological fuel gas entrance, the second gas outlet, entrance of cooling water, water outlet and the outlet of the first tar, the first tar outlet is by pipeline and the tar chamber of storage connection, and bottom, tar storage chamber is provided with the tar heavy oil outlet; Be provided with described U-shaped pipe in described water jacket, U-shaped pipe bottom is provided with U-shaped pipe outlet at bottom, U-shaped pipe two of upper ends mouth respectively be connected the second biological fuel gas entrance, the second biological fuel gas outlet and connect, described U-shaped pipe outlet at bottom be connected the tar outlet and connect;
Described spray washing tower bottom is provided with the 3rd biological fuel gas entrance, and the top is provided with the 3rd biological fuel gas outlet, and the bottom is provided with the tar light oil outlet, and spray washing tower internal upper part is provided with spray equipment;
The first biological fuel gas outlet of described cyclonic separator by pipeline be connected the second biological fuel gas entrance of water jacket and connect, the second biological fuel gas outlet is connected the 3rd biological fuel gas entrance and is connected with the spray washing tower by pipeline.
In technique scheme, cyclonic separator is the high efficiency dust removal installation of being made by stainless steel or alloy.
Described condenser is the nucleus equipment in native system, and its inside is provided with U-shaped pipe, and U-shaped pipe outside is water jacket, and water coolant is entered by water jacket lower end entrance of cooling water, and the upper end cooling water outlet flows out.The biogas of the heat of the cold water that flows and U-shaped pipe inside carries out heat exchange, and connects tar storage chamber in the bottom of U-shaped pipe, is used for receiving the preliminary condensation tar that gets off.Wash tar removing by the spray washing tower again by the biogas after cyclonic separator and condenser rough purification, this water wash column is provided with spray equipment, and gas enters at the bottom of tower, and cold water goes out from the tower top spray, make gas contact more fully with moisture, improved washing efficiency.Washing biological fuel gas later further carries out the tar adsorption treatment by wood charcoal adsorption tank and absorbent charcoal adsorption tank more at last.After gasifying biomass, combustion gas is carried out tar through above each equipment after by the series connection of pipeline, valve and is processed, finally obtain clean, the biological fuel gas of high heating value.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described condenser connects and is provided with the automatic temp Controlling System in cold water pipes, control the entrance of cooling water flow by detecting cooling water outlet temperature, when the too low height of cooling water outlet temperature, can automatically improve the flow of cooling water outlet, effectively improve tar condensing efficient.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described the first tar outlet is by pipeline and the tar chamber of storage connection, and bottom, tar storage chamber is provided with the tar heavy oil outlet, adds a diving valve on the pipeline of tar heavy oil outlet, is convenient to the discharge of tar.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the filtered water recycle unit is equipped with in the bottom of described spray washing tower, filtering separation water outlet and tar, the water out of filtered water recycle unit be connected spray equipment and connect, make the water consumption of spray washing greatly reduce through filtration cycle, saved cost.
As a further improvement on the present invention, charcoal and gac in described two adsorption tanks, can use respectively the charcoal after biomass gasifying furnace gasification, its biomass gasifying furnace be installed additional a gac activation equipment just can obtain gac for tar adsorption, make the utilization of resources more perfect.
Another technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is;
One cover biomass gasified tar processing system using method steps of the method are:
1) guarantee that before system works each air intake valve opens, fuel-displaced valve closes;
2) at first biomass gasification burning passes through first part's cyclonic separator of native system, carries out dedusting and a small amount of tar precipitation;
3) carrying out most tar condensing through the biogas after dedusting by condenser processes, the flow condensation that regulate water coolant by the automatic temp Controlling System this moment goes out most tar in gas, the liquid tar that condensation is got off enters into tar and stores up the chamber, when tar content arrives to a certain degree, open diving valve, emit tar;
4) remove most tar and wash decoking by the spray washing tower, the mixture precipitation of tar and water is at the bottom of tower;
5) combustion gas after the washing by carrying out further smart decoking in follow-up equipment wood charcoal adsorption tank and absorbent charcoal adsorption tank, finally obtains clean biogas.
The biogas that begins to pass in described step (2) can be the biological fuel gas that is produced by biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace, can be also the biological fuel gas that is produced by biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described step (4) further comprises, after the water outlet process oily water separation after shower is processed, recycles.
The present invention is simple in structure, and is easy to implement, adopts the present invention can effectively get rid of the difficult problem of the high blocking pipe equipment of the coal-tar middle oil content of biological fuel gas.Realize to remove combustion gas also obtained in coal-tar middle oil can second stage employ tar, make the efficient of energy utilization improve greatly, have larger economic benefit and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of biomass gasified tar processing system of the present invention;
Wherein: the 1-cyclonic separator; The 2-condenser; 3-spray washing tower; 4-wood charcoal adsorption tank; The 5-absorbent charcoal adsorption tank; 6-tar storage chamber; The 7-filtering circulating device; The hot biogas import of A-first; The clean biogas outlet of B-; The C-ash output hole; The D-entrance of cooling water; The E-cooling water outlet; F-spray equipment water inlet; The outlet of G-tar heavy oil; The outlet of H-tar light oil; A, b, c, e, f, g-air intake valve, d-diving valve, the fuel-displaced valve of g-, 12-the first biological fuel gas outlet, 21-the second biological fuel gas entrance, 25-the first tar outlet, 26-U type pipe, 27-U type pipe outlet at bottom, 28-U type pipe upper end First, second mouthful of 29-U type pipe upper end, 31-the 3rd biological fuel gas entrance, 32-the 3rd biological fuel gas outlet, 33-spray equipment, the water out of 34-filtered water recycle unit.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, biomass gasified tar processing system comprises cyclonic separator 1, condenser 2, spray washing tower 3, wood charcoal adsorption tank 4 and absorbent charcoal adsorption tank 5.
Condenser 2 is provided with the second biological fuel gas entrance 21, the second gas outlet 22, entrance of cooling water D, water outlet E and the first tar outlet 25, the first tar outlet 25 is connected chamber 6 and is connected with tar by pipeline, tar storage 6 bottoms, chamber are provided with tar heavy oil outlet G, add a diving valve d on the pipeline of tar heavy oil outlet.Be provided with U-shaped pipe 26 in condenser 2, U-shaped pipe bottom is provided with U-shaped pipe outlet at bottom 27, two of U-shaped pipe upper ends mouth 28,29 respectively be connected the second biological fuel gas entrance 21, the second biological fuel gas outlet 22 and connect, U-shaped pipe outlet at bottom 27 be connected tar outlet 25 and connect.
The first biological fuel gas outlet 12 of cyclonic separator 4 is connected biological fuel gas entrance 21 and is connected with condenser by pipeline, the second biological fuel gas outlet 22 is connected the 3rd biological fuel gas entrance 31 and is connected with the spray washing tower by pipeline, treated biological fuel gas flows out from clean biogas outlet B.
Embodiment 2
At first biomass gasify (comprising air gasification, oxygen gasified, steam gasification, oxygen-water vapour mixing gasifying, air-oxygen mix gasification) by biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace, and its gasification burning purifies by native system, comprises the following steps:
1) guarantee that before system works air intake valve a, b, c, e, f open, d, g valve closes;
2) at first biomass gasification burning A passes through the cyclonic separator 1 of native system, carries out dedusting and a small amount of tar precipitation;
3) carrying out most tar condensing through the biogas after dedusting by condenser 2 processes, the flow condensation that regulate water coolant by the automatic temp Controlling System this moment goes out most tar in gas, the liquid tar that condensation is got off enters into tar and stores up chamber 6, when tar content arrives to a certain degree, diving valve d opens, and emits tar;
4) remove most tar and wash decoking by the spray washing tower, the mixture precipitation of tar and water after oily water separation, continues the washing combustion gas through water cycle at the bottom of tower;
5) combustion gas after the washing by carrying out further smart decoking in follow-up equipment wood charcoal adsorption tank 4 and absorbent charcoal adsorption tank 5, finally obtains clean biogas B.
After the gasification decoking finished, removing tar stored up the tar in chamber 6, removes tar and water in spray washing tower 3, closes all valves.
This example is substantially the same manner as Example 2, and different is that biological fuel gas used is to be produced by biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace.
Claims (5)
1. biomass gasified tar processing system, is characterized in that, this system comprises cyclonic separator, condenser, spray washing tower, wood charcoal adsorption tank and absorbent charcoal adsorption tank;
Described cyclonic separator is provided with the first biological fuel gas entrance and the outlet of the first biological fuel gas, is provided with ash output hole in the bottom of cyclonic separator;
Described condenser is comprised of U-shaped pipe and water jacket, described water jacket is provided with the second biological fuel gas entrance, the second gas outlet, entrance of cooling water, water outlet and the outlet of the first tar, the first tar outlet is by pipeline and the tar chamber of storage connection, and bottom, tar storage chamber is provided with the tar heavy oil outlet; Be provided with described U-shaped pipe in described water jacket, U-shaped pipe bottom is provided with U-shaped pipe outlet at bottom, U-shaped pipe two of upper ends mouth respectively be connected the second biological fuel gas entrance, the second biological fuel gas outlet and connect, described U-shaped pipe outlet at bottom be connected the tar outlet and connect;
Described spray washing tower bottom is provided with the 3rd biological fuel gas entrance, and the top is provided with the 3rd biological fuel gas outlet, and the bottom is provided with the tar light oil outlet, and spray washing tower internal upper part is provided with spray equipment;
The first biological fuel gas outlet of described cyclonic separator by pipeline be connected the second biological fuel gas entrance of water jacket and connect, the second biological fuel gas outlet is connected the 3rd biological fuel gas entrance and is connected with the spray washing tower by pipeline.
2. biomass gasified tar processing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described condenser connects in the cold water pipes of entrance of cooling water and is provided with the automatic temp Controlling System.
3. biomass gasified tar processing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first tar outlet is by pipeline and the tar chamber of storage connection, and bottom, tar storage chamber is provided with the tar heavy oil outlet, adds a diving valve on the pipeline of tar heavy oil outlet.
4. biomass gasified tar processing system according to claim 1, the filtered water recycle unit is equipped with in the bottom of described spray washing tower, the water out of filtered water recycle unit be connected spray equipment and connect.
5. biomass gasified tar processing system according to claim 1, materials'use charcoal that biomass gasifying furnace produces in described wood charcoal adsorption tank and absorbent charcoal adsorption tank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110105926.3A CN102226113B (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2011-04-26 | Biomass gasification tar treatment system |
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| CN201110105926.3A CN102226113B (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2011-04-26 | Biomass gasification tar treatment system |
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| CN102226113B true CN102226113B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107603678A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-01-19 | 安徽帝元现代农业投资发展有限公司 | A kind of vapor phase purification method in the production for biomass |
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| CN102585917B (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2014-06-25 | 南京工业大学 | Process and system for deeply removing tar by biomass gas cooling-absorption coupling |
| CN102732316A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-17 | 罗江平 | Domestic garbage gasified fuel gas purification process |
| CN105861079B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-01-01 | 河北天善生物技术有限公司 | A kind of biological fuel gas coke removing appts and biomass comprehensive utilize system |
| CN106867594A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of cryogenic condensation tar collector |
| CN109111937A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-01 | 普朗特(天津)生物质能有限公司 | For imparting knowledge to students or the biomass pyrolytic of scientific research and the charcoal gas-liquid combined production device of gasification |
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| CN200943073Y (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2007-09-05 | 浙江大学 | Gas purification and residual heat utilization apparatus of small-sized biology gasification stove |
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| CN101704285B (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-10-05 | 东毓(宁波)油压工业有限公司 | Difunctional compressor |
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| CN200943073Y (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2007-09-05 | 浙江大学 | Gas purification and residual heat utilization apparatus of small-sized biology gasification stove |
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| CN107603678A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-01-19 | 安徽帝元现代农业投资发展有限公司 | A kind of vapor phase purification method in the production for biomass |
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