CN103205284A - Coal gasification ash content treatment device and method - Google Patents
Coal gasification ash content treatment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103205284A CN103205284A CN2013101612087A CN201310161208A CN103205284A CN 103205284 A CN103205284 A CN 103205284A CN 2013101612087 A CN2013101612087 A CN 2013101612087A CN 201310161208 A CN201310161208 A CN 201310161208A CN 103205284 A CN103205284 A CN 103205284A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Abstract
The invention relates to a coal gasification ash content treatment device and a method. The method comprises the steps of: under the condition of having no need of reducing pressure, enabling gasified black water to directly flow in an ash separator, filtering and separating ash from the gasified black water through the ash separator to obtain ash water with an ash content of below 100ppm, cooling and pumping the ash water to a gasified device for recycling. The coal gasification ash content treatment device and method have the advantages of replacing the recycling process of flash evaporation, sedimentation, vacuum filtering, pressurization and the like in the traditional gasified ash water treatment processes, and directly removing ash under the condition of not reducing the pressure of the black water. The process flow is simple, and the investment, occupied space and energy consumption can be greatly reduced.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of gasification ash treatment apparatus and method, be specifically related to a kind of ash treatment apparatus and method of gasification water chilling technology.
[background technology]
Coal is mainly used in key areas such as domestic fuel, generating, chemical industry, industrial fuel as one of three big fossil energies of China." rich coal oil starvation weak breath " is the basic characteristics of China's energy, and coal is being brought into play important role as important fuel and industrial chemicals in the Chinese national economy evolution.Development is that the petroleum and natural gas substitute products of raw material are imperative with the coal, and simultaneously, developing modern novel Coal Chemical Industry is the effective means that coal resources in China real estate sector structure is integrated upgrading.
Gasification refers to coal in specific equipment, makes organic and vaporized chemical (as steam, air or oxygen etc.) generation series of chemical in the coal under certain temperature and pressure, the solid coal is converted into contains CO, H
2, CH
4Deng inflammable gas and CO
2Process Deng incombustible gas.The gas that gasification produces is mainly used in industrial fuel, domestic fuel, chemical industry is synthetic and oil fuel is synthetic unstripped gas, metallurgical reduction gas, combined cycle generation combustion gas, gasification of coal fuel cell, gasification of coal hydrogen manufacturing, coal liquefaction source of the gas etc.
Fixed bed gasification technology, fluidized-bed gasification technology and entrained flow bed gasification technology that present Coal Gasification Technology mainly adopts; In the Coal Gasification Technology of coal chemical technology, mainly adopt entrained flow bed gasification technology, this technology typical case representative is coal water slurry gasification technology and bed pulverized coal gasification technology.These two kinds of technologies all can relate to water Quench process, and purpose is with water cooling crude synthesis gas and removal ash content wherein, reaches certain temperature and cleanliness factor when making crude synthesis gas go subsequent handling.The back recycling need be handled in the Heisui River that water Quench process produces, and this system that handles Heisui River is exactly the grey water treatment system in the coal gasification apparatus.Handling with the water Quench in the coal gasifying process of crude synthesis gas, coal gasification apparatus has produced a large amount of heats with coal and oxidant reaction, and these heat major parts are taken away by the steam in the crude synthesis gas, enter the shift conversion step in downstream; Surplus heat need discharge when grey water handing, to reach the heat balance of gasification installation; Therefore, grey water treatment system has two tasks, and the one, remove the ash content in the system Heisui River, the 2nd, the heat that removal system is unnecessary.
The traditional grey water treatment system (accompanying drawing 1) that uses substantially all is that the Heisui River in vapourizing furnace and the washing tower is drawn at present, enters subsider after flash distillation, and the supernatant liquid ash content generally below 100ppm, generally is referred to as buck, and buck enters grey tank.The turbid liquid of subsider lower floor enters carefully ash of vacuum filter elimination.Buck is got through pump by grey tank, enters vapourizing furnace, washing tower recycling earlier after the steam re-heat through the flash distillation generation.Flash vaporization process has three grades of flash distillations of high pressure flash, low pressure flash and vacuum flashing, the perhaps double flash evaporation of high pressure flash, vacuum flashing.Produce the saturation steam of certain pressure during flash distillation, flash-off steam is taken away the heat in the Heisui River, and concentrated Heisui River; Gases such as the carbon monoxide that dissolves in the Heisui River, hydrogen, carbonic acid gas have also been taken simultaneously out of.Condensation gets off to enter grey tank behind flash-off steam heating buck and the fresh water, and non-condensable gas is sent into flare system.Heisui River because of the needs equilibrium system salinity externally discharged waste water treatment system, is all returned the gasification recycling except on a small quantity after grey water treatment system is handled.Simultaneously, grey water treatment system also is one, and the gasification installation heat is more than needed to the thermally equilibrated treatment system of gasification installation, and unnecessary heat is to realize by the flashed vapour that utilizes recirculated cooling water cooling grey water treatment system.There is following shortcoming in the tradition grey water treatment system:
1) investment is big.Long because of system flow, cause buying, the construction cost of equipment, pipeline, instrument, civil engineering etc. huge.
2) take up an area of greatly.Because equipment is many, need be arranged in one independently on the framework, single subsider diameter just reaches about 20m, and whole grey water treatment system is arranged needs 2500m approximately
2(effectively gas output is the gasification installation of 130000Nm3/h).
3) energy consumption height.The quantity of pump is many, and high pressure ash pump power is big, and needs a large amount of recirculated cooling water cooling flash steams.
4) checking maintenance is frequent.The by-pass valve control that the step-down flash distillation is adopted is big because of pressure drop, and medium contains ash content, and abrasion is big, and the life-span is short; Because medium contains ash, pipeline, the easy fouling of equipment are stopped up, and need often cleaning.
[summary of the invention]
In order to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior and defective, the present invention designs a kind of ash treatment method of gasification water chilling technology, and its step is as follows:
A kind of ash treatment method of gasification water chilling technology, Heisui River that it is characterized in that gasifying enters ash separator not needing to reduce under the situation of pressure, ash separator will gasify and obtain the buck of ash content below 100ppm after ash disposal is filtered in Heisui River, and pumped back coal gasification apparatus after the grey water cooling is recycled.
Above-mentioned technology has following prioritization scheme:
The step that also comprises buck cooling heat energy utilization.As utilize heat energy heating boiler water generates steam, heat fresh water etc.
Filter by the sintered metal tube in the ash separator in gasification Heisui River.
Utilize the step of back flushing sintered metal tube after a part of buck flash distillation.
The step that flash steam after the flash distillation is recycled.
The present invention also comprises a kind of ash treatment device of gasification water chilling technology, comprise vapourizing furnace, be used for filtering ash separator and the heat exchange refrigerating unit in Heisui River, described vapourizing furnace is provided with gasification Heisui River import and circulating ash water inlet, described ash separator has the end that leaches on the filter end of bottom and top, in filter end with leach and be provided with some sintered metal filtration pipes between end, filter end is connected with the tube wall space outerpace of affiliated sintered metal filtration pipe, leaching end is connected with sintered metal filtration pipe body internal space, filter end with leach the end be communicated with by the filtration slit on the sintered metal filtration tube wall, filter end and leaching between end separates by baffle plate, filter end is provided with Heisui River and imports and exports, leach to hold to be provided with and leach mouth, outside gasification Heisui River outlet is passed through pipe connection with the import of ash separator Heisui River, filter outlet and the import of heat exchange refrigerating unit are by pipe connection, and the outlet of heat exchange refrigerating unit and circulating ash water inlet pass through pipe connection.
This device also has following prioritization scheme:
Described heat exchange refrigerating unit is selected one or more in waste heat boiler, feedwater well heater or former water heater, the water cooler for use.
Also comprise the backwash flash tank, the backwash flash tank is provided with the import of side, the liquid phase outlet of bottom and the gaseous phase outlet on top, ash separator is provided with the washing import, and described ash separator leaches mouth and also is connected by the import of pipeline with the backwash water pot, and the liquid phase outlet is passed through pipe connection with the washing import.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1) less investment.Short because of system flow, buying, the construction cost of required equipment, pipeline, instrument, civil engineering etc. are little.
2) occupation of land is little.Because equipment is few, and little, increasing gasification frame a little can be with this system layout therein.
3) energy consumption is low.The quantity of pump is few, and lift is little, and power consumption is little; Gasification heat more than needed partly is converted into low-pressure steam.
4) checking maintenance is few.Because of not step-down of system, and mainly program-controlled valve is switch-valve, and the valve wearing and tearing are little; Pipeline is few in medium high ash content zone, and the situation that pipeline scale stops up is few.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is prior art ash treatment schematic flow sheet;
Fig. 2 is the annexation synoptic diagram of equipment among the embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of ash separator;
In figure, the 1. high pressure soot blower 2. backwash flash tank 3. compressor 4. waste heat boiler 5. grey water cooler 10. gasification Heisui River 11. buck 12. Heisui River 13. boiler water 14. low-pressure steam 15. flashed vapour 16. fresh water 17. washing imports 18. of the grey water pump buck 9. second of the grey water cooler 8. of the former water heater 7. first of boiler water heater 6. leach mouth 19. and leach end 20. sintered metal tube 21. filter end 22. Heisui River import and export 23. baffle plates.
[embodiment]
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explaining the present invention, and be not used in restriction the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The major equipment that the gasification ash treatment method that the present invention adopts adopts comprises:
A. high pressure ash separator; Be two and be connected in parallel and standby each other, select conventional sintered metal filtration pipe in the ash separator for use;
B. waste heat boiler;
C. feedwater well heater;
D. fresh water well heater;
E. backwash flash tank; The backwash flash tank is provided with backwash water import, outlet and venting port, and the outlet of backwash flash tank backwash water links to each other with the import of ash separator backwash water;
F. the first grey watercooler and the second grey watercooler;
G. grey water pump;
What aforesaid device all adopted is known equipment, is that those skilled in the art know.
Its annexation is as follows:
Heisui River from vapourizing furnace is connected by the Heisui River import of pipeline with high pressure ash separator bottom, move in strainer tube from sintered metal filtration pipe outer wall after entering the high pressure ash separator in Heisui River, strainer tube intercepts the ash content of certain particle diameter at the strainer tube outer wall, less a small amount of ash content and the water of particle diameter passes through strainer tube, form buck, the buck ash content is below 100ppm.Buck leaches mouth by the grey water inlet of pipe connection to waste heat boiler by the buck at high pressure ash separator top.Buck heats the feedwater by supply outside the battery limit (BL) in waste heat boiler, the generation low-pressure saturated steam is sent the battery limit (BL) and used for the user; The buck of heat exchange by the grey water out of waste heat boiler by the grey water inlet of pipe connection to the feedwater well heater.Buck is heating boiler water in the feedwater well heater, and the feedwater well heater can be selected equipment such as interchanger commonly used for use, after the heat exchange by the grey water out of feedwater well heater by the grey water inlet of pipe connection to the fresh water well heater.Buck heats outside the battery limit (BL) fresh water of supply in the fresh water well heater, after the heat exchange by the grey water out of fresh water well heater by the grey water inlet of pipe connection to first, second grey watercooler.Fresh water is the make up water as gasification installation, enters gasification installation after buck heats normal pressure deoxygenation again.Buck is recycled water quench in first, second grey watercooler, reach the temperature of setting respectively after, pick out from the grey water out of first, second grey watercooler; The buck of the first buck cooler outlet, pressurizes by the grey water inlet of the vapourizing furnace of being sent into gasification installation by pipeline and washing tower through grey water pump to grey water pump by pipe connection; The buck of the second buck cooler outlet is delivered to Sewage treatment systems via pipeline and is handled.
The ash-water pipeline that leaches mouthful from ash separator is drawn one buck and is entered the backwash flash tank, the backwash flash tank can be selected conventional flash tank for use, the grey water out of backwash flash tank bottom is by the backwash import of pipe connection ash separator, the flashed vapour outlet of backwash flash drum overhead inserts the flashed vapour suction port of compressor by pipeline with flashed vapour, sends into gasification installation crude synthesis gas pipeline by pipeline after the flashed vapour compressor pressurizes.
Its technology is specific as follows:
The high pressure ash separator is introduced in the Heisui River of vapourizing furnace in the gasification installation and washing tower bottom, enter from high pressure ash separator bottom, sintered metal filtration tube bank by high pressure ash separator inside, the ash content of certain particle diameter is intercepted in the strainer tube outside, less a small amount of ash content and the water of particle diameter passes through strainer tube, form buck, the buck ash content is controlled below 100ppm.Buck enters waste heat boiler and feedwater heat exchange, produces utilizable low-pressure steam, and simultaneously grey water temp descends.Buck enters feedwater heater heats feedwater again, further reduces temperature.Because gasification installation need replenish fresh water, and the fresh water that replenishes need just can enter system through after the deoxygenation, fresh water is before entering deoxygenator, buck is introduced fresh water heater heats fresh water with the grey water temp of further reduction, improve the fresh water temperature simultaneously, reduce the steam consumption of deoxygenator.At this moment, buck no matter enters the gasification installation recycling or the decontaminated water treatment unit is handled, and temperature is all higher, also needs further cooling.In the factory that needs heating in the winter time, can behind the fresh water well heater, increase the heating water heater, heat heating hot water with buck, can improve the utilization of heat, also can reduce downstream recirculated cooling water consumption.The buck that goes out fresh water heater is again through recirculated cooling water further cooling in the first grey watercooler, returned vapourizing furnace and the washing tower of gasification installation when reaching the temperature that is fit to enter gasification installation by grey water pump pressurization.For the salinity in the equilibrium system water, need the part buck to enter Sewage treatment systems, so, draw one buck at the grey water pipeline that goes out fresh water heater and enter the second grey watercooler, be cooled to the temperature that Sewage treatment systems can be accepted, just can enter sink drainage.
The high pressure ash separator arranges two, and the ability of high pressure ash separator was designed to the filtration procedure time at 15 ~ 40 minutes.During operation, introduce Heisui River for one and filter, introduce backwash water for one and carry out backwash, two ash separators hocket mutually and filter and backwash.The backwash process of high pressure ash separator is by the inlet outlet pressure differential control of high pressure ash separator, along with ash content is assembled outside strainer tube, the ash separator inlet outlet pressure differential increases gradually, after reaching set(ting)value 0.1MPa, backwash process begins, backwash procedure will instruct high pressure ash separator Heisui River import in filtration procedure and the sequencing valve of grey water out to close, and instruct the sequencing valve of standby high pressure ash separator Heisui River import and grey water out to open simultaneously; After sequencing valve cut out fully, backwash procedure instruction unpack backwash flash tank treated to open after this sequencing valve is opened fully the sequencing valve of this high pressure ash separator Heisui River outfall pipeline to the sequencing valve of corresponding high pressure ash separator again; At this moment, backwash flash tank and high pressure ash separator are communicated with, and be communicated with atmosphere by the Heisui River outfall pipeline, the system pressure that is made of backwash flash tank and high pressure ash separator reduces, be stored in high temperature, the flash distillation of high pressure buck of backwash flash tank and high pressure ash separator, discharge steam, utilizing flash-off steam to promote backwash flash distillation pot liquid moves outside pipe in the sintered metal filtration pipe, flushing is attached to the outer ash content of sintered metal filtration pipe, and the grinding tank that enters the gasification installation coal mill system from the Heisui River outfall pipeline is used for the coal pulverizer moisturizing.Discharge process was controlled by the time, clocked from opening Heisui River discharging sequencing valve, finished process time 15 ~ 60 seconds to closing Heisui River discharging sequencing valve.In the backwash process, must not measure in the Heisui River of discharging makes backwash flash tank liquid level be lower than 20%, at this moment, the high pressure ash separator is interior for being full of water, closing the sequencing valve of opening after Heisui River discharging sequencing valve finishes 10 ~ 30 seconds between corresponding high pressure ash separator and the backwash flash tank, utilize backwash flash tank internal pressure to the punching press of high pressure ash separator, make high pressure ash separator internal pressure approach gasification Heisui River pressure, the sequencing valve after high pressure ash separator pressure reaches set(ting)value between the corresponding high pressure ash separator of system closing and the backwash flash tank.At this moment, backwash process finishes, and the whole backwash time was at 5 ~ 10 minutes.High pressure ash separator after backwash finishes enters stand-by state, and when the high pressure ash separator that carries out filter operation started backwash procedure because of pressure reduction, backwash process was carried out at another high pressure ash separator.Filter and backwash process in, the buck of introducing the backwash flash tank by grey water pipeline is always to the moisturizing of backwash flash tank, the water yield is controlled the water yield that the water yield that enters the backwash flash tank in the time a backwash process equals to discharge.The flash steam of backwash flash drum overhead is outwards discharged by pressure controlled valve.Because buck can discharge the crude synthesis gas that is dissolved in the water when the flash distillation, so flash steam is sent into the utilization of gasification installation crude synthesis gas pipeline by compressor.
Buck through the high pressure ash separator enters waste heat boiler, utilizes its heat to produce the low-pressure saturated steam of 0.5MPaG, and steam is sent into the low-pressure steam pipe network and used for the user of plant area.Buck enters the feedwater well heater after going out waste heat boiler, will carry out preheating by the next feedwater of deoxygenator outside the battery limit (BL).After advancing waste heat boiler and feedwater well heater, buck drops to 159 ℃ from 220 ℃.
Because the gasification installation water system needs the moisture that balance takes away the battery limit (BL) because crude synthesis gas goes out, buck and other loss of system that the system balancing salinity is discharged, to enter fresh water water as a supplement, and make up water is must be through the deoxygenator deoxygenation entering gasification installation, deoxygenator adopts the normal pressure deoxygenation, the deaerated water temperature is 104 ℃, so, after can being heated by buck, the fresh water that replenishes enters deoxygenator, namely effectively utilize the heat of buck, also can reduce the steam consumption of deoxygenator and the recirculated cooling water consumption of follow-up grey watercooler.Behind the fresh water well heater, buck drops to 141 ℃.
Behind the buck process fresh water well heater, to sending into the part of gasification installation recycling, buck needs 130 ℃ and enters, so need to enter the buck of gasification installation by the first grey watercooler, utilize recirculated cooling water to cool the temperature to 130 ℃, send into gasification installation through grey water pump pressurization then.To sending into the buck of Sewage treatment systems, water temperature can not surpass 40 ℃, also needs cooling, in the second grey watercooler, is cooled to 40 ℃ by recirculated cooling water.If need the place of Lowlevel thermal energy in the factory in addition, can after buck is through the fresh water well heater, be continued to handle by heat exchanger, effective utilization that can improve the buck heat also can reduce the recirculated cooling water consumption.
The logistics data of processing medium and assist medium sees Table one in this example.
Table one logistics data table
| Name of material | Temperature (℃) | Pressure (MPaG) | Flow (t/h) | Ash content (wt) |
| Enter ash separator Heisui River (coming autopneumatolysis Heisui River) | 220 | 4.15 | 130 | 0.5~1.0% |
| Go out ash separator buck (advancing the waste heat boiler buck) | 220 | 4.05 | 130 | 60ppm |
| Go out waste heat boiler buck (advancing feedwater well heater buck) | 165 | 4.02 | 130 | 60ppm |
| Go out boiler water heater buck (advancing fresh water well heater buck) | 159 | 3.99 | 130 | 60ppm |
| Go out fresh water heater buck (advancing grey watercooler buck) | 141 | 3.96 | 130 | 60ppm |
| Go out the first grey watercooler buck (advancing grey water pump buck) | 130 | 3.93 | 110 | 60ppm |
| Go out the second grey watercooler buck (anhydrate and handle buck) | 40 | 0.5 | 20 | 60ppm |
| Ash discharge water pump buck (air inlet ashing water) | 130 | 5.0 | 110 | 60ppm |
| Advance feedwater well heater feedwater | 104 | 0.6 | 14.9 | / |
| Go out boiler water heater feedwater | 155 | 0.55 | 14.9 | / |
| Go out waste heat boiler steam | 159 | 0.5 | 14.9 | / |
| Advance fresh water well heater fresh water | 25 | 0.6 | 30 | / |
| Go out fresh water heater fresh water | 105 | 0.55 | 30 | / |
| Advance the first grey watercooler recirculated cooling water | 30 | 0.5 | 120 | / |
| Go out the first grey watercooler recirculated cooling water | 40 | 0.5 | 120 | / |
| Advance the second grey watercooler recirculated cooling water | 30 | 0.5 | 202 | / |
| Go out the second grey watercooler recirculated cooling water | 40 | 0.5 | 202 | / |
| Go out the ash separator backwash water | 99 | 0.01 | 4 | 15~30% |
Claims (8)
1. the ash treatment method of a gasification water chilling technology, Heisui River that it is characterized in that gasifying enters ash separator not needing to reduce under the situation of pressure, ash separator will gasify and obtain the buck of ash content below 100ppm after ash disposal is filtered in Heisui River, and pumped back coal gasification apparatus after the grey water cooling is recycled.
2. the ash treatment method of gasification water chilling technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising that buck cools off the step of heat energy utilization.
3. the ash treatment method of gasification water chilling technology as claimed in claim 1, filter by the sintered metal tube in the ash separator in the Heisui River that it is characterized in that gasifying.
4. the ash treatment method of gasification water chilling technology as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that utilizing the step of back flushing sintered metal tube after a part of buck flash distillation.
5. the ash treatment method of gasification water chilling technology as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the step that the flash steam after the flash distillation is recycled.
6. the ash treatment device of a gasification water chilling technology, comprise vapourizing furnace, be used for filtering ash separator and the heat exchange refrigerating unit in Heisui River, described vapourizing furnace is provided with gasification Heisui River import and circulating ash water inlet, it is characterized in that described ash separator has the end that leaches on the filter end of bottom and top, in filter end with leach and be provided with some sintered metal filtration pipes between end, filter end is connected with the tube wall space outerpace of affiliated sintered metal filtration pipe, leaching end is connected with sintered metal filtration pipe body internal space, filter end with leach the end be communicated with by the filtration slit on the sintered metal filtration tube wall, filter end and leaching between end separates by baffle plate, filter end is provided with Heisui River and imports and exports, leach to hold to be provided with and leach mouth, outside gasification Heisui River outlet is passed through pipe connection with the import of ash separator Heisui River, filter outlet and the import of heat exchange refrigerating unit are by pipe connection, and the outlet of heat exchange refrigerating unit and circulating ash water inlet pass through pipe connection.
7. the ash treatment device of gasification water chilling technology as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described heat exchange refrigerating unit selects one or more in waste heat boiler, feedwater well heater or former water heater, the water cooler for use.
8. the ash treatment device of gasification water chilling technology as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that also comprising the backwash flash tank, the backwash flash tank is provided with the import of side, the liquid phase outlet of bottom and the gaseous phase outlet on top, also be provided with the washing import on the ash separator, described ash separator leaches mouth and also is connected by the import of pipeline with the backwash water pot, and the liquid phase outlet is passed through pipe connection with the washing import.
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