CN102220908A - Multi-cylinder cooperation engine with variable compression ratio - Google Patents
Multi-cylinder cooperation engine with variable compression ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN102220908A CN102220908A CN2010101508906A CN201010150890A CN102220908A CN 102220908 A CN102220908 A CN 102220908A CN 2010101508906 A CN2010101508906 A CN 2010101508906A CN 201010150890 A CN201010150890 A CN 201010150890A CN 102220908 A CN102220908 A CN 102220908A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-cylinder cooperation engine with a variable compression ratio. Waste gas directly exhausted formerly is directly transferred to a larger cylinder to realize further expansion when discharge is started in the fourth stroke, so that the working gas produces more energy output through continuously outwards applied work before being discharged into the atmosphere. Under the condition of improving the same heat efficiency, the total piston stroke of the engine is shortened, meanwhile, the total volume of the engine is obviously reduced. Therefore, the power consumption and the volume cost of the automobile engine, for realizing Atkinson cycle or partial Atkinson cycle are reduced.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the engine structure design field, be specifically related to engine thermal efficiency and improve problem, realize Sydney Atkinson circulation completely,
Prior art:
In order to utilize the existing energy better, increasing engine production person turns one's attention to the Sydney Atkinson circulation.In the running of 4 two-stroke engines, realize that at first Sydney Atkinson circuit method is to utilize the method for late release suction valve switch, to reduce air inflow, the while increasing compression ratio makes the 3rd stroke expand acting can be more.Modern motor realization Sydney Atkinson circuit method commonly used is to replace cam control with circuit, with the suction valve premature closure.And the method unavoidable problem comprises: 1. the piston total kilometres are long, consume more piston friction merit; 2. further adiabatic expansion, volume is increased demand very big; 3. the purpose of premature closure air valve and pressurized machine function contradiction.Therefore balance is considered, has realized the circulation of part Sydney Atkinson thereby most of Atkinson cycle engine has all only increased the sub-fraction of theoretical volume, and realizes that its combustion gas speed of Sydney Atkinson circuit motor is generally lower.The existing Otto cycle of desirable completely Sydney Atkinson cycle ratio can be done work more than 30% more, and the unit oil consumption can reduce more than 23%.And the value of finishing of up-to-date Atkinson cycle engine is far away less than this theoretical value.For example general sharp this utilization of 09 year Toyota's latest version automobile is exactly the Sydney Atkinson circulation, and its oil consumption is than having reduced by 8.5% without the Sydney Atkinson circulation.The same year China ChangAn Automobile succeed in developing China first its every index of Atkinson cycle engine all reach advanced world standards, its engine single point oil consumption reduction reaches as high as 19%, full operating mode on average reduces by 8～10%, does not still surpass 23% this theoretical prophesy minimum.Effect of the present invention is under the condition that promotes the identical thermal efficiency, and the total piston stroke shortening with motor obviously reduces the motor total volume simultaneously, and allows the use of pressurized machine.Thereby realize low power consumption of Sydney Atkinson cycle down and volume cost completely on the Hyundai Motor automobile.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is under the condition that promotes the identical thermal efficiency, the total piston stroke shortening with motor obviously reduces the motor total volume simultaneously.Thereby reduce motor car engine and realize Sydney Atkinson circulation or part Sydney Atkinson circuit power consumption and volume cost.
The scheme of this technical problem of solution that the present invention is used is:
The waste gas of originally directly discharging when four-stroke begins exhaust, is directly transferred in the cylinder of a more volume, realized further expanding, thereby make working gas before entering atmosphere, produce more multipotency output by continuing external work.
A kind of concrete implementation method of the method is: two cylinder butt joints that will vary in size, the air outlet of little cylinder closely is connected with the suction port of big cylinder, the joint is controlled with an air valve b, the suction valve a that keeps little cylinder, gas outlet valve c with big cylinder, and little cylinder and big cylinder common crankshaft, phase phase difference 180 degree on bent axle.Little cylinder is done 4 common stroke cycle, and whenever little cylinder is finished the 3rd stroke (expand acting), when preparing to enter the 4th stroke (exhaust), the b valve is opened, and a, c valve keep closing.Make big or small cylinder UNICOM become sealing gas, stingy then cylinder begins exhaust, and big cylinder begins air inlet.Piston is done negative work in the little cylinder, and piston is done positive work in the big cylinder, and the acting of big or small cylinder and be exactly the Sydney Atkinson externally merits of exporting of relative Alto circulation that circulate more.Big cylinder piston moves to lower dead center when stingy cylinder exhaust is finished, and more near barometric pressure, even equals barometric pressure when gas in the jar begins.Open a then, close the b valve, little cylinder enters first stroke (air-breathing) in the next circulation, and big cylinder is combustion gas then.
This implementation method also comprises several technological improvements:
(for simplicity: establishing Sydney Atkinson circuit maximum compression ratio is M, and Alto circuit compression ratio is m, and minimum volume is V.)
1. revise the air valve closed position, when thoroughly there is the residual volume that can not ignore exhaust or two cylinder attachment portions as big cylinder, need the premature closure air valve, make that residual gas has one section adiabatic back pressure process in the big cylinder, make the atmosphere gas in the jar b close on open before, reach stingy gas in the jar pressure.This is to open preceding two cylinder pressure differences for fear of the b valve, thereby the entropy that causes freely spreading increases off-energy, its compression can after whole adiabatic expansion in discharge, thereby front and back counteractings.If v
1Be the minimum volume that seals between big cylinder piston and the b valve, v
2The volume that seals during for the pass gas check valve, then v
2Determine by following formula:
If so v
1Enough little, v then
2Also can be very little.Can temporarily ignore when therefore calculated population is long-pending.
2. consider per two cycles use of big cylinder once, promptly only use, therefore can allow two little cylinders take turns and same big cylinder cooperation, thereby save the volume of another big cylinder at half the time.
3. before the four-stroke of little cylinder is finished, in the gas inflation process of the common sealing of size cylinder, if sealing gas air pressure smaller or equal to a valve opposite side air pressure, is then opened a valve ahead of time before little cylinder enters first stroke, make combustion gas enter little cylinder ahead of time and the waste gas in the little cylinder is extruded.Close b valve and c valve when still four-stroke has finished greater than combustion gas as waste gas ratio in the little cylinder.As combustion gas large percentage in the little cylinder and four-stroke when having finished is closed the b valve, and after the b valve cuts out, when big cylinder piston arrives lower dead center, or big cylinder internal air pressure is opened the C valve during smaller or equal to barometric pressure.
Supplemental instruction: having only under the situation of a little cylinder and big cylinder combination about this scheme, little cylinder big cylinder when the two or three stroke all keeps idle running, only consume the surface friction drag of piston motion, during spinning the c valve has two states to select, close, do the thermal insulation that no entropy increases in two strokes and move back and forth, open, do moving back and forth of no inside and outside differential pressure.
The contrast prior art:
1. effectively the cylinder volume is littler.Relatively (establish cylinder piston area S and equate, L=V/S): 1) traditional Alto cycle engine is mV and 4 (m-1) L for the total volume of each engine cylinder part and single cycle total kilometres; 2) the thorough Atkinson cycle engine of prior art scheme is MV and 4 (M-1) L; 3) do not merge motor (M-1+m) V＞MV and 4 (M+m-2) L＞4 (M-1) L that improved the present invention designs with this; 4) average ((M-1)/2+m) V and 2 (M+2m-3) L of motor that designs through the present invention after this improvement.In kind relatively: m=8 for example, M=32 (this is thoroughly to realize the about volume of Sydney Atkinson circulation), then four kinds of situation ratio is 8: 32: 39: 23 and 14: 62: 76: 43.Obviously relatively the prior art corresponding volume has obviously and dwindles.
2. effectively total volume is littler.If consideration crankcase volume, with regard to engine crankcase volume that I understood and cylinder volume quite or even its 1.5 times, be subjected to the reciprocal scope decision of piston in fact, if then according to 1.5 times of calculating of cylinder volume, m still gets 8, M still gets 32, and Atkinson cycle engine crankcase and Alto cycle engine crankcase (actual should be bigger) equally greatly under hypothesis the same terms.Then for 4 Cylinder engines, former Otto engine volume is V
1=(8V+8V*1.5) * 4=80V is V if prior art thoroughly realizes Sydney Atkinson circuit volume
2=(32V+8V*1.5) * 4=176V compares V
1Big by 120%, the attainable volume of the present invention is V
3=23V*4+8V*1.5*6=164V＜V
2, compare V
1Big by 105%.
3. solve the restriction of available engine cam geometry and become the world-class difficult problem that compression ratio is controlled.Because little cylinder is roughly according to 4 stroke cycle one control air valve of standard, so cam do not have geometrical shape restricted problem, and just normally open valve is opened the time cycle of valve and compared all about 1/4.And with the big cylinder of two stingy cylinders combinations because the cycle is little cylinder half, the time cycle that the c valve is driven valve is than about 1/2, greater than little cylinder, so that cam face requires is lower.Therefore compare existing Atkinson cycle engine and can realize that bigger compression ratio changes, thereby realize theoretical circulation more completely.
4. in addition, the present invention uses pressurized machine, keeps at the same time on the effect and the Sydney Atkinson circuit thermal efficiency of pressurized machine, and is better than prior art.Because the purpose of pressurized machine is a supercharging combustion gas inlet, produces the worker and do work more, but also therefore have more highdensity gas directly to be discharged.Can be really in same as can be known by the entropy principle quantitative waste gas, the more little entropy of volume is low more, therefore the dump energy of waste is more when not having pressurized machine.No matter how close by Sydney Atkinson circulation residual gas, the method that can expand by vast scale is to its free expansion energy maximum using.The use of pressurized machine is equivalent to aspirating stroke elongated, promptly the equivalent compress of 1,2 strokes is than becoming big, 3,4 strokes are constant, so compare greater than the Sydney Atkinson circulation of 1,2 strokes with the compression ratio of 3,4 strokes, the thermal efficiency is much lower, and this two improvement realization simultaneously in single-cylinder can cause the friction of piston stroke to consume bigger.The present invention compares with existing single cylinder realization Sydney Atkinson circuit technology, if at identical pressurized effect, when the identical thermal efficiency utilizes, can reduce comparison than 1 more piston total kilometres.If therefore consider the adding of pressurized machine, the advantage of the present invention on available engine is more obvious.
Description of drawings:
Of the present invention master drawing of Fig. 1 during for no any improvement.
Fig. 2 is the specific operation diagram of improvement 1.Wherein piston S1 moves back and forth between No. 1 position and No. 2 positions, piston 2 moves back and forth between No. 3 positions and No. 5 positions, the minimum volume that between No. 1 position and the b valve is little cylinder is got V, then No. 2 corresponding little cylinder block in position are amassed mV, it is long-pending that the b valve all is included into big cylinder block to the volume of the sealing between the piston S2, No. 3 positions be big cylinder minimum volume v
1, piston is No. 4 positions when closing gas check valve c, and corresponding volume is v
2, maximum volume i.e. No. 5 position correspondences (M-1) V+v
2, (S1 is No. 1 position, and S2 is whole maximum volume MV when No. 5 positions).
Fig. 3 is the method master drawing of said double small cylinder in the improvement 2 with big cylinder cooperation.
Specific implementation method:
Without any improving the specific implementation method that just can realize: two cylinder butt joints that will vary in size, the air outlet of little cylinder closely is connected with the suction port of big cylinder, the joint is controlled with an air valve b, the suction valve a that keeps little cylinder, gas outlet valve c with big cylinder, and little cylinder and big cylinder common crankshaft, phase phase difference 180 degree on bent axle.Little cylinder is done 4 common stroke cycle, and whenever little cylinder is finished the 3rd stroke (expand acting), when preparing to enter the 4th stroke (exhaust), the b valve is opened, and a, c valve keep closing.Make big or small cylinder UNICOM become sealing gas, stingy then cylinder begins exhaust, and big cylinder begins air inlet.Arrive top dead center at stingy cylinder, when promptly finishing four-stroke, the b valve cuts out, and a, c valve are opened, and big cylinder begins exhaust.Finish the one action flow process.
Claims (4)
1. the improvement of two-stroke engine design comprises suction stroke, and compression stroke is lighted and expansion stroke exhaust stroke.The working gas workflow of portion within it is, and is air-breathing, and---compression---is lighted and the acting of expanding---acting of further expanding---exhaust.It is characterized in that: finish one action circulation jointly by small one and large one two cylinders of volume, wherein little cylinder is 4 two-stroke engines, finishes the gas of the 3rd stroke in the little cylinder, transfers to the atmosphere cylinder and promote the piston motion acting of this cylinder in four-stroke.
2. a kind of improvement design of describing in the claim 1.It is characterized in that: little cylinder is connected same bent axle with the piston rod of big cylinder, the phase difference of two-piston connecting rod on bent axle is 180 °, little cylinder exhaust port is connected with big cylinder air inlet, the outlet valve of little cylinder big cylinder when entering four-stroke is in closed condition, and big cylinder exhaust valve was in open mode when little cylinder was finished four-stroke.
3. the design of describing in the claim 2.It is characterized in that: the time of closing of air valve c in same exhaust process early than the piston arrives top dead center, and in arriving budc compressed atmosphere cylinder residual gas.
4. the design of describing in the claim 2 or 3.It is characterized in that: form by two little cylinders and a big cylinder, the piston rod of three cylinders connects same bent axle, the phase angle of two little cylinders on bent axle is identical, all differ 180 ° with the phase angle of big cylinder, in the two little cylinder operation one when first stroke another at the 3rd stroke, two little cylinders alternately with the work of big cylinder UNICOM.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101508906A CN102220908A (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2010-04-19 | Multi-cylinder cooperation engine with variable compression ratio |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101508906A CN102220908A (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2010-04-19 | Multi-cylinder cooperation engine with variable compression ratio |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103742261A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-04-23 | 马平川 | Capacity expansion circle engine |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2624318A1 (en) * | 1976-05-31 | 1977-12-15 | Theodor Karl Ingeln | IC engine emission control system - has air from compressor cylinder passed to combustion chambers during power strokes and returned as mixt. for expulsion |
| CN1834422A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2006-09-20 | 郑哲立 | Superhigh boosting double-circulation variable discharge I.C. engine |
| JP2008002375A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-01-10 | Koji Miyazaki | Auxiliary drive device for engine and engine with auxiliary drive device |
| CN101307718A (en) * | 2008-03-29 | 2008-11-19 | 王汉全 | Secondary expansion mixing stroke internal combustion engine |
-
2010
- 2010-04-19 CN CN2010101508906A patent/CN102220908A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2624318A1 (en) * | 1976-05-31 | 1977-12-15 | Theodor Karl Ingeln | IC engine emission control system - has air from compressor cylinder passed to combustion chambers during power strokes and returned as mixt. for expulsion |
| CN1834422A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2006-09-20 | 郑哲立 | Superhigh boosting double-circulation variable discharge I.C. engine |
| JP2008002375A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-01-10 | Koji Miyazaki | Auxiliary drive device for engine and engine with auxiliary drive device |
| CN101307718A (en) * | 2008-03-29 | 2008-11-19 | 王汉全 | Secondary expansion mixing stroke internal combustion engine |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103742261A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-04-23 | 马平川 | Capacity expansion circle engine |
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Application publication date: 20111019 |