CN204691914U - The supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio directly sprays petrol engine - Google Patents
The supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio directly sprays petrol engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN204691914U CN204691914U CN201520343299.0U CN201520343299U CN204691914U CN 204691914 U CN204691914 U CN 204691914U CN 201520343299 U CN201520343299 U CN 201520343299U CN 204691914 U CN204691914 U CN 204691914U
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- bent axle
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio and directly sprays petrol engine, comprise intake duct, pressurized machine, air outlet flue, cylinder, oil sprayer, bent axle and camshaft, the cylinder cap of cylinder is provided with intake valve, spark plug and exhaust valve, the piston of cylinder is connected with bent axle by connecting rod, the rotating ratio regulator that can regulate bent axle and camshaft speed ratio is provided with between bent axle and camshaft, camshaft is provided with two-stroke cam, the cam changeover mechanism that four-stroke cam and carrying out between which switches, by regulation and control rotating ratio regulator and cam changeover mechanism, the rotating ratio of adjustment bent axle and camshaft, and the switching carried out between two-stroke cam and four-stroke cam, coordinate adjustment oil sprayer oil injection time simultaneously, the plug ignition moment, realize motor four-stroke work cycle and two stroke operation circulate between switching.The switching that the utility model can realize between four-stroke and two-stroke according to engine load conditions, and then can engine compression ratio be increased substantially.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of turbo-charged direct injection petrol engine, specifically relates to the supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio and directly sprays petrol engine.
Background technique
Be becoming tight in energy day, under oil consumption, Abgasgesetz constantly add tight overall background, technology, energy-saving and environmental protection represent the development trend of alternate-engine.In order to Fuel Economy and emission performance, some new technology miniaturization+superchargings are directly sprayed, changeable compression ratio technique, and ATKINSON (or Miller) circulates, and VVT, VVL, cooling EGR technology etc. is arisen at the historic moment.
Directly spray in petrol engine in supercharging, be subject to the restriction of pinking, its compression ratio can not be too high, and Fuel Economy is declined.The object of variable compression ratio is the fuel economy improving motor.But variable compression ratio engine only adopts high compression ratio when middle-low load, in order to avoid pinking, still need during middle high load to switch to ordinary compression ratio, fuel-economizing is limited in scope.And variable compression ratio engine complex structure, reliability is low.Though this concept develops a lot of year, never volume production.
Cooling EGR can reduce combustion temperature, reduces engine knock, optimizes time of ignition, reduces engine heat loss.When full engine load, use cooling EGR that engine performance is declined.And cooling EGR has integrity problem always, particularly supercharged engine, the impact of EGR on Capability of Compressor and reliability is an exploitation difficult problem always.
Model utility content
Based on above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides the supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio directly to spray petrol engine.
The technical solution that the utility model adopts is:
A kind of supercharged direct-injection engine, comprise intake duct, pressurized machine, air outlet flue, cylinder, oil sprayer, bent axle and camshaft, the cylinder cap of cylinder is provided with intake valve, spark plug and exhaust valve, the piston of cylinder is connected with bent axle by connecting rod, the rotating ratio regulator that can regulate bent axle and camshaft speed ratio is provided with between bent axle and camshaft, camshaft is provided with two-stroke cam, the cam changeover mechanism that four-stroke cam and carrying out between which switches, by regulation and control rotating ratio regulator and cam changeover mechanism, the rotating ratio of adjustment bent axle and camshaft, and the switching carried out between two-stroke cam and four-stroke cam, coordinate adjustment oil sprayer oil injection time simultaneously, the plug ignition moment, realize motor four-stroke work cycle and two stroke operation circulate between switching.
Above-mentioned rotating ratio regulator is provided with driving wheel and by driving wheel, bent axle is provided with crank-driven wheel, camshaft is provided with camshaft actuated wheel; Crank-driven wheel and being in transmission connection by driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator, camshaft actuated wheel is in transmission connection with the driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator.
Above-mentioned crank-driven wheel and being connected by chain by driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator, camshaft actuated wheel is connected by chain with the driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator; Or
Above-mentioned crank-driven wheel and being connected by belt by driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator, camshaft actuated wheel is connected by belt with the driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator; Or
Above-mentioned crank-driven wheel and directly being engaged by driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator, camshaft actuated wheel directly engages with the driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator.
Above-mentioned cam changeover mechanism preferred secondary VVL mechanism.
Advantageous Effects of the present utility model is:
(1) the utility model directly sprays on petrolic architecture basics at four-stroke boost, by arranging rotating ratio regulator between bent axle and camshaft, and cam changeover mechanism is set on camshaft, thus the switching that can realize between four-stroke and two-stroke according to engine load conditions, and then realize increasing substantially engine compression ratio, improve engine thermal efficiency and fuel economy, and structure is simple, cost is low, and reliability is high.
(2) the utility model is by the switching between motor four-stroke and two-stroke, can keep motor under all loads, all have the advantage of high compression ratio, realize good oil-saving effect.Through measuring and calculating, comprehensive oil consumption reduces about 35% than conventional engine.
(3) the utility model switches to two-stroke by four-stroke, carrys out hoisting power, realizes motor at the low rotational speed, reaches the high power that four stroke engine could export at high rotating speed, and motor can all the time in the work of slow-speed of revolution district, and frictional work loss is low.Meanwhile, engine peak speed is low, needs the speed changer matched to require low, and such as adopt the supercharging of the utility model superelevation compression ratio directly to spray petrol engine, coupling 6AT speed changer, can realize the car load Best Economy that coupling 9AT just can reach.
(4) with cooling EGR ratio, the utility model directly sprays on petrol engine for supercharging and does not have the integrity problems such as pressurized machine pollution.The demarcation of system is also simple than the demarcation of cooling EGR.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the utility model motor;
Fig. 2 illustrates the connection diagram in the utility model motor between bent axle and camshaft.
In figure: 1-intake duct, 2-pressurized machine, 3-intake valve, 4-spark plug, 5-exhaust valve, 6-air outlet flue, 7-oil sprayer, 8-piston, 9-connecting rod, 10-bent axle, 11-crankshaft base, 12-crank-driven is taken turns, 13-belt, 14-by driving wheel, 15-rotating ratio regulator, 16-driving wheel, 17-belt, 18-camshaft actuated is taken turns, 19-camshaft.
Embodiment
By reference to the accompanying drawings, the supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio directly sprays petrol engine, comprises intake duct 1, pressurized machine 2, intake valve 3, spark plug 4, exhaust valve 5, air outlet flue 6, oil sprayer 7, piston 8, connecting rod 9, bent axle 10, crankshaft base 11 and camshaft 19.The cylinder cap of cylinder is provided with intake valve 3, spark plug 4 and exhaust valve 5, and the piston 8 of cylinder is by connecting rod 9, be connected with crank 10, and pressurized machine 2 is arranged on intake duct 1.Rotating ratio regulator 15 is provided with, to regulate the rotating ratio of bent axle 10 and camshaft 19 between bent axle 10 and camshaft 19.Camshaft 19 is provided with four-stroke cam, two-stroke cam and cam changeover mechanism, and cam changeover mechanism can switch between four-stroke cam and two-stroke cam.By rotating ratio regulator 15 and cam changeover mechanism, the rotating ratio of adjustment bent axle and camshaft and cam profile, and coordinate adjustment oil sprayer oil injection time, the plug ignition moment, with realize motor four-stroke work cycle and two stroke operation circulate between switching.
Concrete linkage structure between above-mentioned bent axle 10 and camshaft 19 as shown in Figure 2, rotating ratio regulator 15 is provided with driving wheel 16 and by driving wheel 14, bent axle 10 is provided with crank-driven wheel 12, camshaft 19 is provided with camshaft actuated wheel 18.Crank-driven wheel 12 and being connected by belt transmission by driving wheel 14 on rotating ratio regulator, camshaft actuated wheel 18 is connected by belt transmission with the driving wheel 16 on rotating ratio regulator.
Certainly, on above-mentioned crank-driven wheel 12 and rotating ratio regulator by between driving wheel 14 also by chain transmission, or directly to engage.Equally, camshaft actuated is taken turns also by chain transmission between the driving wheel 16 on 18 and rotating ratio regulator, or directly engages.
Above-mentioned rotating ratio regulator 15 and the equal connecting engine electronic control unit of cam changeover mechanism.Engine electronic control unit can regulate the rotating ratio of bent axle 10 and camshaft 19 by rotating ratio regulator 15 according to engine load conditions, and carry out the switching between four-stroke cam and two-stroke cam by cam changeover mechanism, and the control in the opening and closing moment of intake valve 3 and exhaust valve 5, coordinate oil sprayer oil injection time, the regulation and control in plug ignition moment, finally realize freely changing between four-stroke and two-stroke.
Above-mentioned supercharging directly spray petrol engine realize four-stroke work cycle and two stroke operation circulate between the method that switches, step is as follows:
A is when needs motor is in middle-low load operation, and by regulation and control rotating ratio regulator and cam changeover mechanism, make motor enter four-stroke work cycle, now camshaft is 1: 2 with speed of crankshaft ratio; Or,
B, when needs motor is in high load running, by regulation and control rotating ratio regulator and cam changeover mechanism, makes the rotating ratio of camshaft and bent axle be 1: 1, adjust to two-stroke cam simultaneously, and coordinate adjustment oil injection time, the plug ignition moment, make motor enter two stroke operation circulation.
The utility model is on the architecture basics of four-stroke boost direct fuel-injection engine, by arranging rotating ratio regulator 15 between bent axle 10 and camshaft 19, and cam changeover mechanism is set on camshaft 19, thus the switching that can realize between four-stroke and two-stroke according to engine load conditions, and then realize increasing substantially engine compression ratio, improve engine thermal efficiency and fuel economy.It is consistent that the working procedure of the utility model motor four-stroke work cycle directly sprays petrolic working procedure with existing four-stroke boost.Key point is the rotating ratio by regulating bent axle 10 and camshaft 19, and intake valve 3 controlled with the moment of the opening and closing of exhaust valve 5, and oil sprayer oil injection time and plug ignition moment, the architecture basics of four stroke engine realizes two stroke cycle.
The process of the utility model motor two stroke operation circulation is as follows: at first stroke, piston, from top dead center to lower dead center, completes plug ignition, acting, exhaust; At second stroke, piston, from lower dead center to top dead center, completes scavenging, air inlet, oil spout, compression.In the process of above-mentioned motor two stroke operation circulation, if exhaust valve 5 is opened too early, engine expansion loss is large, and exhaust is wanted thoroughly, thus the air that motor can suck is more, and power can be larger.If exhaust valve 5 is opened excessively slow, exhaust needs to release by piston, off-energy, and residual gas is more, the little air that motor can suck some, power is lower.Best exhaust valve 5 start-up time, consider these factors, in different engine, during different loads, demarcate.General exhaust valve 5 be open at piston arrives lower dead center before 90
0left and right crank angle.Intake valve 3 is opened and is opened about late 20-30 crank angle degrees than exhaust valve 5, and when intake valve 3 is opened, in-cylinder pressure is larger than scavenging pressure, and the exhaust that the inertia of gas flow makes is continued.When in-cylinder pressure is less than suction pressure, scavenging starts.When in-cylinder pressure is greater than exhaust pressure, a part of air inlet is discharged after mixing with residual gas in cylinder.Exhaust valve 5 close moment will consider residual waste gas quantity, exhaust valve 5 generally piston movement after bottom dead center about 40 crank angle degrees time close, specifically change with engine speed.Intake valve 3 close moment will consider air input of engine by air, generally piston movement after bottom dead center about 50 crank angle degrees time close, specifically change with engine speed.
The utility model by realizing motor four-stroke and two stroke conversion, thus can by engine compression ratio design very high.When motor is in middle-low load, engine operational cycle is four-stroke, and due to high compression ratio, engine thermal efficiency improves greatly.High compression ratio can realize ATKINSON (or Miller) circulation simultaneously, reduces pumping loss.But when motor is in high load, if keep four stroke cycle, high compression ratio can bring engine knock, affects engine reliability, at this moment the utility model motor can be regulated by rotating ratio and the control in opening and closing moment of inlet and exhaust valve, proceeds to two stroke operation state.Due to when in cylinder, middle pressure is identical, the power of two stroke engine is four-stroke twice.For sending corresponding power moment of torsion, two stroke cycle can be in operating mode at full capacity, thus avoids engine knock.
Equally, when engine power demand increases, when four stroke cycle rotating speed is more than a threshold value, motor proceeds to two stroke operation state, makes motor be in the comparatively slow-speed of revolution.Engine speed range diminishes, and it is simple that the speed changer matched can design.Transmission efficiency improves.
Below to the utility model based on principle content be described:
When engine power demand increases, conventional engine rotating speed will increase, and frictional work can become quadratic relationship to increase.Engine speed range is large, large to the requirement of speed changer.For improving the efficiency of power matching, be developed 6AT, 8AT, 9AT, 7DCT, CVT etc.Engine speed range reduces, and for obtaining same efficiency, can reduce the requirement of speed changer.When engine speed is increased to certain value, meet engine power demand by changing engine strokes.
Engine power:
Pe-engine power
P
memean effective pressure in-cylinder
V
l-engine displacement
N-engine speed
τ-engine strokes number
Four-stroke, τ=4, two-stroke, τ=2.
Four stroke engine complete cycle is air inlet, compression, work done, exhaust.
Two stroke engine complete cycle is exhaust scavenging, compression work done.
As can be seen from above-mentioned formula, mean effective pressure P in engine cylinder
metime constant, engine strokes number is switched to 2 by 4, engine power can promote one times.
T
e-Engine torque
P
e-engine power
N-engine speed
As can be seen from above-mentioned formula, when engine speed is constant, engine power promotes one times, and Engine torque is also by lifting one times.
The relevant technologies content that the utility model is not addressed is taked or uses for reference prior art to realize.
It should be noted that, under the instruction of this specification, those skilled in the art can also make such or such easy variation pattern, such as equivalent way, or obvious mode of texturing.Above-mentioned variation pattern all should within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. superelevation compression ratio supercharging directly sprays petrol engine, comprise intake duct, pressurized machine, air outlet flue, cylinder, oil sprayer, bent axle and camshaft, the cylinder cap of cylinder is provided with intake valve, spark plug and exhaust valve, the piston of cylinder is connected with bent axle by connecting rod, it is characterized in that: between bent axle and camshaft, be provided with the rotating ratio regulator that can regulate bent axle and camshaft speed ratio, camshaft is provided with two-stroke cam, the cam changeover mechanism that four-stroke cam and carrying out between which switches, by regulation and control rotating ratio regulator and cam changeover mechanism, the rotating ratio of adjustment bent axle and camshaft, and the switching carried out between two-stroke cam and four-stroke cam, coordinate adjustment oil sprayer oil injection time simultaneously, the plug ignition moment, realize motor four-stroke work cycle and two stroke operation circulate between switching.
2. a kind of superelevation compression ratio according to claim 1 supercharging directly sprays petrol engine, it is characterized in that: described rotating ratio regulator is provided with driving wheel and by driving wheel, bent axle is provided with crank-driven wheel, camshaft is provided with camshaft actuated wheel; Crank-driven wheel and being in transmission connection by driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator, camshaft actuated wheel is in transmission connection with the driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator.
3. a kind of superelevation compression ratio according to claim 1 supercharging directly sprays petrol engine, it is characterized in that: described crank-driven wheel and being connected by chain by driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator, described camshaft actuated wheel is connected by chain with the driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator.
4. a kind of superelevation compression ratio according to claim 1 supercharging directly sprays petrol engine, it is characterized in that: described crank-driven wheel and being connected by belt by driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator, described camshaft actuated wheel is connected by belt with the driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator.
5. a kind of superelevation compression ratio according to claim 1 supercharging directly sprays petrol engine, it is characterized in that: described crank-driven wheel and directly being engaged by driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator, described camshaft actuated wheel directly engages with the driving wheel on rotating ratio regulator.
6. a kind of superelevation compression ratio according to claim 1 supercharging directly sprays petrol engine, it is characterized in that: described cam changeover mechanism is secondary VVL mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520343299.0U CN204691914U (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | The supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio directly sprays petrol engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520343299.0U CN204691914U (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | The supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio directly sprays petrol engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN204691914U true CN204691914U (en) | 2015-10-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520343299.0U Expired - Fee Related CN204691914U (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | The supercharging of a kind of superelevation compression ratio directly sprays petrol engine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN204691914U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104863724A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 曲严忠 | Extra-high compression ratio supercharging direct-injection gasoline engine and running state switching method thereof |
| CN112282943A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 吉林大学 | Effective thermal efficiency-based compression ratio control method for quality-adjusted engine |
-
2015
- 2015-05-25 CN CN201520343299.0U patent/CN204691914U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104863724A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 曲严忠 | Extra-high compression ratio supercharging direct-injection gasoline engine and running state switching method thereof |
| CN112282943A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 吉林大学 | Effective thermal efficiency-based compression ratio control method for quality-adjusted engine |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20151007 Termination date: 20190525 |