CN102218365B - Cassava crushing method - Google Patents
Cassava crushing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102218365B CN102218365B CN 201010151183 CN201010151183A CN102218365B CN 102218365 B CN102218365 B CN 102218365B CN 201010151183 CN201010151183 CN 201010151183 CN 201010151183 A CN201010151183 A CN 201010151183A CN 102218365 B CN102218365 B CN 102218365B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cassava crushing method. In the method, a cassava crushing system is used. The cassava crushing system comprises a first conveyer (1), a particle grading device (2), a second conveyer (3), a sucking device (4), a crushing device (5) and a third conveyer (6), wherein the first conveyer (1) is used for feeding cassava raw materials to the particle grading device (2), the particle grading device (2) comprises a first collecting port (21) and a second collecting port (22), the particle grading device(2) feeds large-size cassava raw materials to the second conveyer (3) through the first collecting port (21), the particle grading device (2) feeds small-size cassava raw materials to the third conveyer (6) through the second collecting port (22), and the second conveyer (3) is used for feeding materials to the crushing device(5) through the sucking device (4). By adopting the method for crushing cassava by using the cassava crushing system provided with the first conveyer with higher conveying efficiency, the crushing efficiency is high, and the cassava can be crushed continuously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breaking method of a kind of cassava.
Background technology
Cassava is that Perenniporia martius is perennial, the annual potato in temperate zone belongs to shrub, originates in South America, and suitable is 25-29 ℃, the growth of the low latitudes of average annual precipitation 1000-1500 millimeter in mean temperature.Before 1820, cassava is passed to southern china greatly, mainly in Guangdong, the plantation of Guangxi and Hainan, expand gradually now the provinces such as Yunnan, Fujian, Guizhou to.Because cassava is rich in starch, therefore be widely used in the fields such as fermentation ethanol processed, starch processed.Yet, usually the piece root of cassava raw material is larger, can not be directly used in the fields such as fermentation ethanol processed, starch processed, thereby need to carry out pulverization process, with the institutional framework of destruction cassava raw material, thereby make small starch granules can disintegrate from large potato piece, separate.In addition, after gathering cassava in the harvest season, need first a part of cassava to be stored, until use when producing.Cassava is stored in the storehouse, ground usually, before use, transports from the storehouse, ground after needing first cassava with bulk simply to be ground into bulk or to be cut into sheet.When the conveying device in adopting existing breaking method was carried the cassava raw material, conveying device was prone to fault, so transfer efficiency is not high, and was unfavorable for realizing the cassava raw material is carried, pulverized, simultaneously continuously, efficient and low power consuming ground produces.
Summary of the invention
When the objective of the invention is to overcome the conveying device conveying cassava raw material that utilizes in existing breaking method, conveying device is prone to fault, and be unfavorable for realizing the cassava raw material is carried, pulverized, simultaneously continuously, efficient and low power consuming ground produces, provide that a kind of transfer efficiency is higher, power consumption is low, crush efficiency is high, the breaking method of the cassava of the function of removing sand and good crushing effect arranged.
the present inventor finds, the boxboard conveyer of the conveying cassava raw material in existing breaking method generally is placed in the earth region of cassava storehouse, during the cassava raw material being transported in earth region and is delivered to the process of particle grading device, because cassava place of production raw material shape (has strip, the section shape, sheet, powdery) and moisture different, inevitably can carry on conveyer and residual a part of cassava raw material, when the boxboard shuttling movement arrives the below of conveying device, residual cassava raw material can produce accumulation below conveying device, in the course of time, the cassava raw material that accumulates below conveying device can get more and more, the cassava raw material of piling up can make the chain of conveying device bottom raise, produce " floating chain " phenomenon, thereby cause the increase of transporting resistance, even the boxboard unit is caused damage, and have a strong impact on transfer efficiency.
the invention provides the breaking method of a kind of cassava, the method is used a kind of Cassava crushing system, wherein, described Cassava crushing system comprises the first conveying device 1, particle grading device 2, the second conveying device 3, aspirator 4, reducing mechanism 5 and the 3rd conveying device 6, 1 pair of particle grading device of described the first conveying device 2 is supplied with the cassava raw material, described particle grading device 2 comprises that first gathers materials and mouthful 21 and second gather materials mouthfuls 22, described particle grading device 2 is supplied with large-sized cassava raw materials by described first mouthfuls of 21 pairs described second conveying devices 3 of gathering materials, described particle grading device 2 is supplied with undersized cassava raw materials by described second mouthfuls of 22 pairs described the 3rd conveying devices 6 of gathering materials, described the second conveying device 3 is by 4 pairs of reducing mechanism 5 feed of aspirator,
Described the first conveying device 1 comprises at least one pair of driven roller 11, driving chain 12 and base plate 15, and at least one pair of driven roller 11 and driving chain 12 are positioned at the top of described base plate 15; Driving chain 12 is walked around the driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end, this conveying device also comprises a plurality of boxboards 13, one end of boxboard 13 is fixed on driving chain 12, make between adjacent two boxboards 13 and driving chain 12 and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard 13 is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, the other end of at least part of boxboard 13 is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts 14, makes to scrape materials and parts 14 and can sweep material on described base plate 15;
Grinding mode comprises the storage space that the cassava raw material is placed in described the first conveying device 1, lead with the first conveying device 1 is delivered to the cassava raw material in particle grading device 2, large-sized cassava raw material in particle grading device 2 gathers materials by first and mouthfuls 21 supplies with described second conveying devices 3, and pulverizes by large-sized cassava raw material supplying reducing mechanism 5 that aspirator 4 is carried the second conveying device 3; Undersized cassava raw material in particle grading device 2 gathers materials by second and mouthfuls 22 supplies with the 3rd conveying devices 6.
the present invention also provides the breaking method of a kind of cassava, the method is used a kind of Cassava crushing system, wherein, described Cassava crushing system comprises the first conveying device 1, particle grading device 2, the second conveying device 3, aspirator 4, reducing mechanism 5 and the 3rd conveying device 6, 1 pair of particle grading device of described the first conveying device 2 is supplied with the cassava raw material, described particle grading device 2 comprises that first gathers materials and mouthful 21 and second gather materials mouthfuls 22, described particle grading device 2 is supplied with large-sized cassava raw materials by described first mouthfuls of 21 pairs described second conveying devices 3 of gathering materials, described particle grading device 2 is supplied with undersized cassava raw materials by described second mouthfuls of 22 pairs described the 3rd conveying devices 6 of gathering materials, described the second conveying device 3 is by 4 pairs of reducing mechanism 5 feed of aspirator,
Described the first conveying device 1 comprises that two pairs of driven rollers 11, two driving chains 12 and 15, two pairs of driven rollers 11 of base plate and two driving chains 12 are positioned at the top of described base plate 15; Every driving chain 12 is walked around respectively a pair of driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end; Described conveying device also comprises base part 16 and a plurality of boxboard 13, described base part 16 is fixed between two driving chains 12, one end of boxboard 13 is fixed on base part 16, make between adjacent two boxboards 13 and base part 16 and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard 13 is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, the other end of at least part of boxboard 13 is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts 14, makes to scrape materials and parts 14 and can sweep material on described base plate 15;
Grinding mode comprises the storage space that the cassava raw material is placed in described the first conveying device 1, lead with the first conveying device 1 is delivered to the cassava raw material in particle grading device 2, large-sized cassava raw material in particle grading device 2 gathers materials by first and mouthfuls 21 supplies with described second conveying devices 3, and pulverizes by large-sized cassava raw material supplying reducing mechanism 5 that aspirator 4 is carried the second conveying device 3; Undersized cassava raw material in particle grading device 2 gathers materials by second and mouthfuls 22 supplies with the 3rd conveying devices 6.
the end top for delivery of at least part of boxboard in described first conveying device 1 of cassava raw material in the breaking method of cassava provided by the invention is provided with the material scraper materials and parts, when a plurality of boxboard continuous operations arrive the below of conveying device, this scrapes the effect that materials and parts can play similar plough, make the residual material that is accumulated in conveying device below loosen or advance, thereby prevented the generation of " floating chain " phenomenon, guaranteed the normal operation of the first conveying device 1 in carrying cassava raw material process, improved transfer efficiency, realize the cassava raw material is carried and be beneficial to, pulverize, simultaneously continuously, efficiently also produce to low power consuming.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that wherein the direction of arrow represents flow direction of material according to the structural representation of Cassava crushing system used in Cassava crushing method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the first conveying device of Cassava crushing system used in Cassava crushing method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the first conveying device in Cassava crushing system used in Cassava crushing method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the stereogram of scraping the materials and parts part in the first conveying device in Cassava crushing system used in Cassava crushing method provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the front view of scraping the materials and parts part in the first conveying device in Cassava crushing system used in Cassava crushing method provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is the top view of the first conveying device in Cassava crushing system used in Cassava crushing method provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal sectional view of the first conveying device in Cassava crushing system used in Cassava crushing method provided by the invention;
Fig. 8 is the longitudinal sectional view of the first conveying device in Cassava crushing system used in Cassava crushing method provided by the invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of particle grading device in Fig. 1;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of a kind of Cassava crushing system of preferred embodiment according to the present invention, and wherein the direction of arrow represents flow direction of material;
Figure 11 is the local space positional structure schematic diagram of the raw material input of the raw material output of conveying worm in Cassava crushing system shown in Figure 10 and the 3rd conveying device.
The specific embodiment
as shown in Fig. 1 or 10, Cassava crushing method provided by the invention Cassava crushing system used comprises the first conveying device 1, particle grading device 2, the second conveying device 3, aspirator 4, reducing mechanism 5 and the 3rd conveying device 6, 1 pair of particle grading device of described the first conveying device 2 is supplied with the cassava raw material, described particle grading device 2 comprises that first gathers materials and mouthful 21 and second gather materials mouthfuls 22, described particle grading device 2 is supplied with large-sized cassava raw materials by described first mouthfuls of 21 pairs described second conveying devices 3 of gathering materials, described particle grading device 2 is supplied with undersized cassava raw materials by described second mouthfuls of 22 pairs described the 3rd conveying devices 6 of gathering materials, described the second conveying device 3 is by 4 pairs of reducing mechanism 5 feed of aspirator.
Described the first conveying device 1 (for example is transported to following process equipment for the cassava raw material that will be stored at lower position, the cassava raw material is transported from earth region, and be delivered in following process equipment such as particle grading device 2), common described cassava raw material is the cassava of bulk, sheet or other shape through fragmentation.According to the present invention, described the first conveying device 1 is the boxboard conveyer.
but, the present inventor finds, with raw material, when for example the existing crushing system of cassava supply is pulverized, carry the boxboard conveyer of cassava raw material generally to be placed in the earth region of cassava storehouse, during the cassava raw material being transported in earth region and is delivered to the process of particle grading device, because cassava place of production raw material shape (has strip, the section shape, sheet, powdery) and moisture different, inevitably can carry on conveyer and residual a part of cassava raw material, when the boxboard shuttling movement arrives the below of conveying device, residual cassava raw material can produce accumulation below conveying device, in the course of time, the cassava raw material that accumulates below conveying device can get more and more, the cassava raw material of piling up can make the chain of conveying device bottom raise, produce " floating chain " phenomenon, thereby cause the increase of transporting resistance, even the boxboard unit is caused damage, and have a strong impact on transfer efficiency.
Therefore, in order to improve transfer efficiency, reduce energy consumption and to improve transfer efficiency and crush efficiency, according to a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, described the first conveying device 1 comprises at least one pair of driven roller 11, driving chain 12 and base plate 15, and at least one pair of driven roller 11 and driving chain 12 are positioned at the top of described base plate 15; Driving chain 12 is walked around the driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end, this conveying device also comprises a plurality of boxboards 13, one end of boxboard 13 is fixed on driving chain 12, make between adjacent two boxboards 13 and driving chain 12 and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard 13 is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, the other end of at least part of boxboard 13 is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts 14, makes to scrape materials and parts 14 and can sweep material on described base plate 15.
According to the another kind of specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, conveying device provided by the invention comprises two pairs of driven rollers 11, two driving chains 12 and base plate 15 (not shown)s, and the two pairs of driven rollers 11 and two driving chains 12 are positioned at the top of described base plate 15; Every driving chain 12 is walked around respectively a pair of driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end; Described conveying device also comprises base part 16 and a plurality of boxboard 13, described base part 16 is fixed between two driving chains 12, one end of boxboard 13 is fixed on base part 16, make between adjacent two boxboards 13 and base part 16 and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard 3 is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, the other end of at least part of boxboard 13 is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts 14 (not shown)s, makes to scrape materials and parts 14 and can sweep material on described base plate 15.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, in order to play better loose and promotion remains in the conveying device below, i.e. material on base plate 15, under preferable case, the other end of each boxboard 13 all is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts 14.
As shown in Figure 4, each scrapes materials and parts 14 can comprise a plurality of tusks, with the work that plays better similar plough in order to the residual material on the base plate 15 of loose conveying device below.Under preferable case, boxboard 13 is dull and stereotyped, and described a plurality of tusks divide a row or multi-row arrangement, and every row's tusk is in same plane, and the dihedral angle α between this plane and boxboard 13 can be 30 °-90 °, is preferably 45 °-60 °.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the described height h that scrapes materials and parts 14 can be the 20-60 millimeter, is preferably the 30-40 millimeter.The described height of scraping materials and parts refers to scrape the vertical range between materials and parts top and boxboard top.In installing and using process, can suitably adjust the distance of scraping between materials and parts 14 and base plate 15 (namely, when scraping materials and parts 14 towards base plate 15, scrape the top of materials and parts 14 and the distance between base plate 15), to satisfy the needs that sweep material, under preferable case, described vertical range of scraping between materials and parts 14 tops and base plate 15 can be the 5-15 millimeter.
According to the first specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, should be able to form the open spaces that can hold material between adjacent two boxboards 13 and driving chain 12, hold and the needs of transported material to satisfy; Generally, the angle (β) between 13 planes, place of the described boxboard between driven roller 11 axis and driving chain 12 planes, place can be preferably 60 °-90 ° for 30 °-90 °; According to the second specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, should be able to form the open spaces that can hold material between adjacent two boxboards 13 and base part 16, hold and the needs of transported material to satisfy; Generally, the angle (β) between 13 planes, place of the described boxboard between driven roller 11 axis and base part 16 planes, place can be preferably 60 °-90 ° for 30 °-90 °.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, the distance between two boxboards 13 that can be adjacent according to how much adjusting of material to be transported, generally, the distance between two adjacent boxboards 13 can be 1.5-3 rice, is preferably 2-2.5 rice.The quantity of described boxboard 13 can be adjusted in wider scope, and the actual needs during according to convey materials is set the quantity of boxboard 13.
Under preferable case, in order to make the more smooth and easy of conveying device motion, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, utilize the tractive force of driving chain 12 to drive boxboard 13 around driven roller 11 motions, perhaps utilize the tractive force of conventional chains 12 and base part 16 to drive boxboard 13 around driven roller 11 motions.Wherein, described driven roller 11 can be drive sprocket.
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, the width of described driving chain 12 is enough to make boxboard 13 fixed thereon, and drive boxboard 13 moves together around driven roller 11.Chain 12 can be more equal or slightly wide than boxboard 3.
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the method that base part 16 is fixed on driving chain 12 can adopt various fixing means well known in the art, as modes such as welding, hinged, bolt connections.Quantity to base part 16 is not particularly limited, and can adjust in wider scope, and for example, described base part can be to walk around driven roller 11 to join end to end and form the complete integral body of closed circuit, and is fixed on driving chain, as, feed belt; Also can comprise a plurality of base parts unit, described a plurality of base parts unit order successively is fixed on driving chain, and walks around the driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end; Can set according to actual needs the quantity of base part unit.Distance between described base part unit can be decided according to actual conditions, under preferable case, described a plurality of base parts are located to be provided with the plate (not shown) between the unit, and described plate is with the gap filling between adjacent two base part unit.
The quantity of described boxboard 13 can be adjusted in wider scope, and sets according to actual needs the quantity of boxboard 13.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, for the material powder or the material fragment that accumulate in the further gap with driving chain 12 are removed clean, under preferable case, take the second specific embodiment of the present invention as example, as shown in Figure 7, described conveying device also comprises at least one cleaning item 17, and described cleaning item 17 comprises cleaning brush 18, described cleaning brush 18 can contact with driving chain 12, so that the material between driving chain 12 surfaces and gap is removed.
According to the present invention, can adopt variety of way securing cleaning spare 17, so that cleaning brush 18 can contact with driving chain 12, so that the material between driving chain 12 surfaces and gap is removed.
Under preferable case, this conveying device also comprises two side plates 19, described two side plates 19 lay respectively at the both sides of closed circuit, described cleaning item 17 comprises cleaning brush 18 and transverse ribs 110, cleaning brush 18 is fixed on transverse ribs 110, and the two ends of described transverse ribs 110 are separately fixed on described two side plates 19.
More preferably in situation, take the first specific embodiment of the present invention as example, as shown in Figure 8, for the ease of controlling the distance between cleaning brush 18 and driving chain 12, described cleaning item 17 also comprises at least one longitudinal rib 111, described longitudinal rib 111 makes described cleaning brush 18 be fixed on transverse ribs 110 by this longitudinal rib 111 between transverse ribs 110 and cleaning brush 18.The quantity of described longitudinal rib is preferably the 2-4 bar, and every longitudinal rib 111 all be not fixed with cleaning brush 18 with the fixing end of transverse ribs 110, driving chain 12 surfaces that run parallel with cleaning simultaneously and material powder and the material fragment in the gap.
Again under preferable case, longitudinal rib 111 is set to the device that can stretch up and down, can so that in the process of conveying device operation, regulate at any time the distance between cleaning brush 18 and driving chain 12, be more convenient for cleaning salvage stores.
Wherein, the position of described cleaning brush 18 just can contact with driving chain 12, to remove material powder residual between driving chain 12 surfaces and gap and material fragment clean.The material of described cleaning brush 18 and the selectable range of shape size are wider, contact with driving chain 12 as long as can be easy to, and material powder residual between driving chain 12 surfaces and gap and the removing of material fragment are totally got final product, for example, can be rubber or brush shape thing.
The method that cleaning brush 18 is fixed on transverse ribs 110 or longitudinal rib 111 can adopt various fixing means conventional in this area, for example, by bolt with cleaning brush 18 (as, rubber) be fixed on transverse ribs 110 or longitudinal rib 111, perhaps with binding agent, cleaning brush 18 (as, brush shape thing) is fitted in transverse ribs 110 or the first-class mode of longitudinal rib 111.
According to the present invention, fixed lateral rib 110 on side plate 19, and on transverse ribs 110 fixedly the method for longitudinal rib 111 can adopt the whole bag of tricks well known in the art, for example, be welded and fixed or bolt such as is connected and fixed at the mode.
According to the present invention, can decide according to the power of motor size along the distance between two the relative driven rollers 11 on the lead of conveying device, according to of the present invention one preferred embodiment, can be 8-80 rice along the distance between two the relative driven rollers 11 on the lead of conveying device.If the distance between at least one pair of driven roller is long, may cause driving chain 12 and/or base part 16 tenesmus, therefore, under preferable case, can also between at least one pair of the relative driven roller 11 on the lead of conveying device, at least one backing roll be set again, to play the effect of tensioning, prevent that driving chain 12 is long and cause the situation of driving chain 12 and/or base part 16 tenesmus to occur.
According to the present invention, can adopt the method for various routines of the prior art to drive driven roller 11 motions, for example, by 11 motions of motor-driven driven roller, and make driven roller drive the closed circuit continuous motion that driving chain 12 forms around driven roller 11.according to conveying device provided by the invention, before the using method of this conveying device can be included in startup, material to be transported is packed between boxboard 13 and driving chain 12 or boxboard 13 and base part 16 in the storage space that forms, starting power supply makes driven roller 11 drive driving chain 12 motions, until with mass transport to the place of the pending operation that needs (according to the present invention, namely be delivered to particle grading device 2, perhaps evenly supply to particle grading device 2 by a minute batch bin 7), after namely being delivered to the driven roller of the other end from the driven roller of an end, the material nature draws off from storage space, because this conveying device is the shuttling movement that the closed circuit that utilizes driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 to form carries out, therefore, after discharging is complete, boxboard 13 is with the driving of driven roller 11 and driving chain 12, be back to again the starting point that raw material is carried from the below, namely be back to the transportation end of driven roller.Conveying device provided by the invention can be used for the conveying of various materials, is specially adapted to carry the cassava raw material.
Described particle grading device 2 is used for the cassava raw material from described the first conveying device 1 is carried out classification, makes the cassava raw material be divided into large-sized cassava raw material and undersized cassava raw material two parts according to size.Described large-sized cassava raw material is transported in following process equipment by the second conveying device 3 and pulverizes, and described undersized cassava raw material is as pulverizing finished product by the 3rd conveying device 6 outputs.generally, the described cassava raw material of crushing system to be supplied with is different according to the place of production, and comprise the shape of having nothing in common with each other, for example, block, the section shape, sheet, powdery etc., perhaps some bulk cassava raw material can be carried out precrushing, therefore, the distribution of sizes of described large-sized cassava raw material and undersized cassava raw material can be determined according to the dimensional requirement to the pulverizing finished product of cassava raw material in actual production process, for example, utilize the cassava raw material to prepare in the technique of ethanol, require the pulverizing finished product of cassava raw material to be of a size of below 3.5 millimeters, therefore, utilizing during the cassava raw material prepares the technical process of ethanol, described large-sized cassava raw material is size greater than the cassava raw material of 3.5 millimeters, described undersized cassava raw material is that particle diameter is the cassava raw material below 3.5 millimeters.In the present invention, the size of described large-sized cassava raw material refers to that a side of cassava raw material is to the ultimate range of opposite side on the other side, for example, when being spherical, the size of described large-sized cassava raw material refers to the diameter of described ball when described large-sized cassava raw material.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 9, described particle grading device 2 also comprises charging aperture 23, screen cloth 24 and drip feed plate 25, described screen cloth 24 gathers materials between mouth 21 at charging aperture 23 and described first, and along downward-sloping to the described first gather materials direction of mouthfuls 21 from charging aperture 23, described drip feed plate 25 is positioned at the below of described screen cloth 24, and gather materials between mouth 22 at described charging aperture 23 and described second, and along downward-sloping to the described second gather materials direction of mouthfuls 22 from charging aperture 23, the mesh diameter of described screen cloth is the 1.5-3.5 millimeter.Under most preferred case, described particle grading device 2 is the vibrations classifying screen, and the sieve diameter of described vibrations classifying screen is preferably the 1.5-3.5 millimeter, being particle diameter passes through sieve aperture less than the cassava powder particle of the sieve diameter of described vibrations classifying screen, and described large-sized cassava raw material is retained in the opposite side of screen cloth, and enters the second conveying device 3.
Described the second conveying device 3 comprises traction piece and driven roller (for example can be cylinder or sprocket wheel), and described traction piece is walked around driven roller and joined end to end, and forms the closed circuit that transports material.To described traction piece, and utilize the continuous motion of described traction piece to carry described large-sized cassava raw material from described large-sized cassava raw material supplying of particle grading device 2.Described the second conveying device 3 is preferably belt conveyor.
Described the 3rd conveying device 6 is preferably bucket elevator, described bucket elevator can be for can be with material from the straight bucket elevator that is promoted to the various routines of higher position of lower position, for example described bucket elevator comprises drive sprocket, hopper and driven roller, hopper be arranged on drive sprocket and the linear direction of the material containing face of described hopper and drive sprocket motion vertical, drive sprocket is walked around driven roller and is joined end to end, and forms the closed circuit that transports material.To described hopper, and utilize the continuous motion of described drive sprocket to carry described cassava powder particle from the described cassava powder pellet supply of particle grading device 2.
Described aspirator 4 is used for suction to be pulverized to be transported to reducing mechanism 5 from the cassava raw material (large-sized cassava raw material that screening obtains) of the second conveying device 3, and the larger impurity of density such as sand are sieved out from the cassava raw material.Described aspirator 4 comprises nozzle and air exhauster, the suction inlet of described nozzle typically has a diameter from the 300-400 millimeter, described air exhauster is arranged near the charging aperture of reducing mechanism 5 described later, in order to prevent that the cassava raw material is drawn in air exhauster, suction opeing at air exhauster is equipped with the net that mesh diameter is the 0.1-1.5 millimeter, described mesh diameter is preferably the 0.1-1 millimeter, more preferably the 0.1-0.5 millimeter.The charging aperture of described nozzle is arranged on the below of the raw material output of the second conveying device 3, and the charging aperture of described nozzle down, the horizontal range setting of the conveying terminal point of the center of the charging aperture of common described nozzle and the second conveying device 3 is about 0.1-0.5 rice, the vertical range setting is about 0.5-1.2 rice, and described conveying terminal point refers to that raw material is from position that the raw material output of described the second conveying device 3 comes off.When the operation of described aspirator 4, described air exhauster is by the suction air, make and form negative pressure in the pipeline of aspirator in the short time, therefore near the cassava raw material the charging aperture of described nozzle is accompanied by air and enters together in aspirator 4, because the suction opeing of air exhauster is provided with net, thereby the ducted cassava raw material that enters aspirator is not inhaled in air exhauster, and enters in aftermentioned reducing mechanism 5 under the effect of gravity and inertia.In addition, by regulating the intensity of draft of described air exhauster, make the larger impurity of density be not inhaled into as sand as described in the inner tube of aspirator 4.In the utility model, the described intensity of draft represents with the volume of the air in suction air exhauster per minute, and the common described intensity of draft is set to 10000-18000m
3/ h.Described aspirator 4 is preferably carries the material blower fan, more preferably model be T9-26-NO7.1D carry the material blower fan.
Described reducing mechanism 5 is used for the cassava raw material from described aspirator 4 is pulverized.Generally, described reducing mechanism comprises a crude grinding device and more than one fine powder crushing device.Can guarantee although it is so raw material is crushed to the size of wanting, but a plurality of reducing mechanisms must cause power consumption higher.In order to reduce energy consumption, inventor of the present utility model is in the raw material crushing process, make respectively through the larger particles after screening and pulverize by the reducing mechanism that is formed by a fine powder crushing device and pulverize by the reducing mechanism that is formed by a crude grinding device and fine powder crushing device, the particle diameter of the feed particles after then mensuration (for example, adopting the Accu Sizer TM 780 optics particle diameter detectors of U.S. PPS company) is pulverized respectively.Result, the average grain diameter of the feed particles after the reducing mechanism that employing is comprised of a fine powder crushing device is pulverized is the 1.8-2.5 millimeter, although this particle diameter is a bit larger tham the average grain diameter (for example 1.5-1.7 millimeter) that adopts the feed particles after the reducing mechanism pulverizing that is comprised of a crude grinding device and fine powder crushing device, but still satisfy the requirement (for example, utilize the potato class to make requiring the particle diameter of potato class particle in ethanol is below 3.5 millimeters) of following process.Therefore, the condition of overall economic efficiency and technological requirement, described reducing mechanism is preferably one, and particle diameter can be provided is the particle of 1.8-2.5 millimeter.There is no particular limitation for described fine powder crushing device in the present invention, can be for feed particles being crushed to the various reducing mechanisms below 3.5 millimeters.Described crude grinding device refers to feed particles to be crushed to the reducing mechanism of 10-20 millimeter.In the present invention, described reducing mechanism can be for having the various reducing mechanisms of pulverizing the cassava function, for example, described reducing mechanism can be kibbler roll, described kibbler roll comprises two opposed rollers, make a lot of projections on described two opposed roller surfaces, on one side by on one side between roller pressurization roller is rotated, the broken raw material that passes through between this; Described reducing mechanism can also be hammer mill, and described hammer mill comprises toe and screen cloth, and is broken by described toe High Rotation Speed is hammered into shape repeatedly to raw material, until the mesh of the screen cloth by the toe periphery; Described reducing mechanism can also be jaw crusher, and described jaw crusher comprises jaw and the vibration jaw of V-shaped opening, raw material is placed between the jaw and vibration jaw of the V-shaped opening that makes progress, and makes raw material broken by pressurization; Described reducing mechanism can also be pin formula disintegrating machine, described pin formula disintegrating machine arranges the discoidal rotary disk that a lot of pins are arranged on vertical direction and faces the fixed disc that a lot of pins are arranged on the face of this rotating disk, after raw material being added to the center of rotary disk, utilize centrifugal force to enter to be contained in the gap of the pin on rotary disk and fixed disk, be subject to impact that pin causes and the effect of bounce-back, thereby make raw material broken; Described reducing mechanism can also be ball formula disintegrating machine.In one embodiment, described reducing mechanism is beater disintegrating machine, preferred model is the beater disintegrating machine of JFS-2000-72, this beater disintegrating machine comprises rotor, hammer leaf, sieve plate, drive system and control system, in running, control the hammer leaf High Rotation Speed by control system, hammer leaf and material rubbed, thus with crushing material to the particle size range that requires.
As shown in Figure 1, in Cassava crushing system of the present invention, cassava raw material from described the first conveying device 1 can directly fall in particle grading device 2, yet, for the even feed of convenient control, preferably as shown in figure 10, also be provided with minute batch bin 7 between described the first conveying device 1 and particle grading device 2, batch bin 7 was used for and will be supplied to particle grading device 2 from the cassava material dosing of described the first conveying device 1 in described minute.In addition, can also be provided with conveying worm 8 between described particle grading device 2 and the 3rd conveying device 6, will be delivered to the 3rd conveying device 6 from the cassava raw material (being the cassava powder particle) of described particle grading device 2 by described conveying worm.The local space positional structure of the raw material input of the raw material output of described conveying worm 8 and the 3rd conveying device 6 as shown in figure 11, the port of the raw material output of described conveying worm 8 be arranged on described the 3rd conveying device 6 the raw material input port directly over, and the former port diameter is slightly less than the latter.Also be provided with feed bin 9 between described particle grading device 2 and the second conveying device 3, will be from cassava raw material (being large-sized cassava raw material) weight feed to the second conveying device 3 of described particle grading device 2 by described feed bin 9.
In addition, pulverizing finished product from reducing mechanism 5 can also converge with the described cassava powder particle from the 3rd conveying device 6, for fear of bringing in final crushed products from the silt in the cassava powder of the 3rd conveying device 6 or impurity, and be convenient to control the amount of the undersized cassava powder of carrying from the 3rd conveying device 6, under preferable case, also be provided with level-sensing device and riffler (not shown) after the 3rd conveying device 6; Described level-sensing device is used for and will supplies with riffler from the material dosing of described the 3rd conveying device 6.This undersized cassava powder is by level-sensing device weight feed riffler, and carries out sand setting in riffler, after removal of impurities, then by with converge from the crushed products of reducing mechanism 5.Described riffler can be for having sedimentation and separating the various rifflers of the impurity functions such as silt in crushed products, for example cyclone separator.
In addition, owing to also containing one deck thin skin in the exocuticle of fresh cassava raw material, namely endepidermis, contain cyanide and a kind of cyanogen two---linamarin that can cause food poisoning in this endepidermis.Linamarin is hydrolyzed rear generation hydrogen cyanide.Hydrogen cyanide and cyanide have severe toxicity, and poisoning very fast.They can enter human body by number of ways, as skin absorb, wound is invaded, respiratory tract sucks, eats by mistake etc., after entering human body, can make the central nervous system paralysis, make in respiratory enzyme and blood hemoglobin poisoning, cause expiratory dyspnea, systemic cell can make body dead because of anoxia asphyxia.Therefore, under preferable case, usually before with cassava raw material supplying crushing system, need to first remove the endepidermis of fresh cassava raw material.Described method of removing the fresh cassava raw material endepidermis has can adopt various barking method of the prior art, for example, adopts artificial method of removing the peel to remove exocuticle and the endepidermis of fresh cassava raw material, removes simultaneously the silt on raw material surface; Perhaps adopt peeling equipment to remove the peel, described peeling equipment can adopt various peeling equipments, for example the peeling equipment of disclosed potato raw material in CN 101289674A.
Moreover, owing to may containing earth, sandstone impurity and iron tramp in potato raw material, can cause damage to peeling equipment, therefore, according to method of the present invention, before can also comprising peeling, the cassava raw material is carried out pretreated routine operation, described pretreated step generally comprises the step of removing impurity and cleaning.As, after fresh cassava is gathered, remove earth, root, palpus and the impurity such as wooden part and sandstone on cassava.And cassava is cleaned, the method and apparatus of described cleaning is conventionally known to one of skill in the art.
Below in conjunction with Figure 10, the method for utilizing Cassava crushing system of the present invention that cassava is pulverized provided by the invention is described.
The cassava raw material is placed in the storage space of described the first conveying device 1, lead with the first conveying device 1 is transported to minute batch bin 7 with cassava raw material defeated (be generally bulk, sheet, section shape, powdery or other arbitrary shape, perhaps some bulk cassava raw material can be carried out precrushing).described cassava raw material evenly supplies in particle grading device 2 by a minute batch bin 7, thereby make the cassava raw material be divided into large-sized cassava raw material and undersized cassava raw material, and described undersized cassava raw material is transferred in conveying worm 8, be transported in the 3rd conveying device 6 by conveying worm 8, then make described undersized cassava raw material as pulverizing finished product by the 3rd conveying device 6 outputs, enter level-sensing device from the undersized cassava raw material of the 3rd conveying device 6 outputs, and by level-sensing device weight feed riffler, and carry out sand setting in riffler, removal of impurities.Described large-sized cassava raw material is transferred in feed bin 9, and be dosed in the second conveying device 3 by feed bin 9.The charging aperture of described aspirator 4 is arranged on the below of the raw material output of the second conveying device 3, described large-sized cassava raw material is in the raw material output output of the second conveying device 3, in the feed particles dropping process, by regulating the intensity of draft of air exhauster in aspirator 4, feed particles is sucked in aspirator near the charging aperture of aspirator 4 time, and guarantee that larger impurity such as the sand of density is not inhaled in aspirator 4.The other end of described aspirator 4 is connected with the charging aperture of reducing mechanism 5, and the cassava raw material supplying that sucks in aspirator is pulverized in reducing mechanism 5, and the cassava feed particles after pulverizing is from the discharging opening output of reducing mechanism 5, as pulverizing finished product.Pulverizing finished product from reducing mechanism 5 can converge with the described cassava powder particle of also processing through sand setting from the 3rd conveying device 6.
Claims (25)
1. the breaking method of a cassava, the method is used a kind of Cassava crushing system, it is characterized in that, described Cassava crushing system comprises the first conveying device (1), particle grading device (2), the second conveying device (3), aspirator (4), reducing mechanism (5) and the 3rd conveying device (6), described the first conveying device (1) is supplied with the cassava raw material to particle grading device (2), described particle grading device (2) comprises first mouthful (21) and second mouth (22) that gathers materials that gathers materials, described particle grading device (2) gathers materials mouthful (21) to the large-sized cassava raw material of described the second conveying device (3) supply by described first, described particle grading device (2) gathers materials mouthful (22) to the undersized cassava raw material of described the 3rd conveying device (6) supply by described second, described the second conveying device (3) is passed through aspirator (4) to reducing mechanism (5) feed,
described the first conveying device (1) comprises at least one pair of driven roller (11), driving chain (12) and base plate (15), and at least one pair of driven roller (11) and driving chain (12) are positioned at the top of described base plate (15), driving chain (12) is walked around driven roller (11) the formation closed circuit that joins end to end, described the first conveying device (1) also comprises a plurality of boxboards (13), one end of boxboard (13) is fixed on driving chain (12), make between adjacent two boxboards (13) and driving chain (12) and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard (13) is arranged along the lead of described the first conveying device (1), described driving chain (12) and driven roller (11) engagement, the other end of at least part of boxboard (13) is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts (14), make and scrape materials and parts (14) and can sweep material on described base plate (15),
Grinding mode comprises the storage space that the cassava raw material is placed in described the first conveying device (1), lead with the first conveying device (1) is delivered to the cassava raw material in particle grading device (2), large-sized cassava raw material in particle grading device (2) by first gather materials mouthful (21) supply with described second conveying device (3), and by aspirator (4), large-sized cassava raw material supplying reducing mechanism (5) of the second conveying device (3) conveying is pulverized; Undersized cassava raw material in particle grading device (2) by second gather materials mouthful (22) supply with the 3rd conveying device (6).
2. the breaking method of a cassava, the method is used a kind of Cassava crushing system, it is characterized in that, described Cassava crushing system comprises the first conveying device (1), particle grading device (2), the second conveying device (3), aspirator (4), reducing mechanism (5) and the 3rd conveying device (6), described the first conveying device (1) is supplied with the cassava raw material to particle grading device (2), described particle grading device (2) comprises first mouthful (21) and second mouth (22) that gathers materials that gathers materials, described particle grading device (2) gathers materials mouthful (21) to the large-sized cassava raw material of described the second conveying device (3) supply by described first, described particle grading device (2) gathers materials mouthful (22) to the undersized cassava raw material of described the 3rd conveying device (6) supply by described second, described the second conveying device (3) is passed through aspirator (4) to reducing mechanism (5) feed,
described the first conveying device (1) comprises two pairs of driven rollers (11), two driving chains (12) and base plate (15), and two pairs of driven rollers (11) and two driving chains (12) are positioned at the top of described base plate (15), every driving chain (12) is walked around respectively a pair of driven roller (11) the formation closed circuit that joins end to end, described the first conveying device (1) also comprises base part (16) and a plurality of boxboard (13), described base part (16) is fixed between two driving chains (12), one end of boxboard (13) is fixed on base part (16), make between adjacent two boxboards (13) and base part (16) and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard (13) is arranged along the lead of described the first conveying device (1), described driving chain (12) and driven roller (11) engagement, the other end of at least part of boxboard (13) is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts (14), make and scrape materials and parts (14) and can sweep material on described base plate (15),
Grinding mode comprises the storage space that the cassava raw material is placed in described the first conveying device (1), lead with the first conveying device (1) is delivered to the cassava raw material in particle grading device (2), large-sized cassava raw material in particle grading device (2) by first gather materials mouthful (21) supply with described second conveying device (3), and by aspirator (4), large-sized cassava raw material supplying reducing mechanism (5) of the second conveying device (3) conveying is pulverized; Undersized cassava raw material in particle grading device (2) by second gather materials mouthful (22) supply with the 3rd conveying device (6).
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the other end of each boxboard (13) all is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts (14).
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, each is scraped materials and parts (14) and comprises a plurality of tusks.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, boxboard (13) is dull and stereotyped, and described a plurality of tusks divide a row or multi-row arrangement, and every row's tusk is in same plane, and the dihedral angle (α) between this plane and boxboard (13) is 30 °-90 °.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the described height (h) of scraping materials and parts (14) is the 20-60 millimeter, described height (h) refers to scrape the vertical range between materials and parts (14) top and boxboard top.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the vertical range of scraping between materials and parts (14) top and base plate (15) is the 5-15 millimeter.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, the angle (β) between described boxboard (13) plane, place between driven roller (11) axis and driving chain (12) plane, place is 30 °-90 °.
9. method according to claim 2, wherein, the angle (β) between described boxboard (13) plane, place between driven roller (11) axis and base part (16) plane, place is 30 °-90 °.
10. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the distance between adjacent two boxboards (13) is 1.5-3 rice.
11. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described the first conveying device (1) also comprises at least one cleaning item (17), described cleaning item (17) comprises cleaning brush (18), described cleaning brush (18) can contact with driving chain (12), so that the material between driving chain (12) surface and gap is removed.
12. method according to claim 11, wherein, described the first conveying device (1) also comprises two side plates (19), described two side plates (19) lay respectively at the both sides of closed circuit, described cleaning item (17) also comprises transverse ribs (110), described cleaning brush (18) is fixed on transverse ribs (110), and the two ends of described transverse ribs (110) are separately fixed on described two side plates (19).
13. method according to claim 11, wherein, described the first conveying device (1) also comprises two side plates (19), described two side plates (19) lay respectively at the both sides of closed circuit, described cleaning item (17) also comprises transverse ribs (110) and at least one longitudinal rib (111), described longitudinal rib (111) is positioned between transverse ribs (110) and described cleaning brush (18), and described cleaning brush (18) is fixed on transverse ribs (110) by this longitudinal rib (111).
14. method according to claim 13, wherein, described longitudinal rib (111) can stretch up and down.
15. method according to claim 11, wherein, described cleaning item (17) also comprises bracing frame (112), and described cleaning brush (18) is fixed on bracing frame (112), and bracing frame (112) is fixed on base plate (15).
16. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described reducing mechanism (5) is one.
17. method according to claim 16, wherein, described reducing mechanism (5) is beater disintegrating machine.
18. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described particle grading device (2) also comprises charging aperture (23), screen cloth (24) and drip feed plate (25), described screen cloth (24) is positioned at charging aperture (23) and described first and gathers materials between mouthful (21), and along downward-sloping to described first the gather materials direction of mouthful (21) from charging aperture (23); Described drip feed plate (25) is positioned at the below of described screen cloth (24), and is positioned at described charging aperture (23) and described second and gathers materials between mouthful (22), and along downward-sloping to described second the gather materials direction of mouthful (22) from charging aperture (23); The mesh diameter of described screen cloth is the 1.5-3.5 millimeter.
19. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described aspirator (4) is for carrying the material blower fan.
20. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described the 3rd conveying device (6) is bucket elevator.
21. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, also be provided with a minute batch bin (7) between described the first conveying device (1) and particle grading device (2), described minute batch bin (7) be used for being supplied to from the material dosing of described the first conveying device (1) particle grading device (2).
22. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, also be provided with conveying worm (8) between described particle grading device (2) and the 3rd conveying device (6), described conveying worm (8) is used for will be from mass transport to the three conveying devices (6) of described particle grading device (2).
23. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, also be provided with feed bin (9) between described particle grading device (2) and the second conveying device (3), described feed bin (9) is used for being supplied to from the material dosing of described particle grading device (2) the second conveying device (3).
24. described method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the size of described large-sized cassava raw material is greater than 3.5 millimeters; The size of undersized cassava raw material is less than 3.5 millimeters.
25. described method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the method also is included in to be supplied with cassava before Cassava crushing system pulverizes, with the step of cassava peeling.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2109882U (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1992-07-15 | 戴履江 | Automatic seperator for processing starch from potato kind |
| CN1145826A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-03-26 | 王成彪 | Garbage separating and recovering equipment |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH057792A (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-19 | Ube Ind Ltd | Crushing equipment |
| JPH1199340A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-04-13 | Tadano Ltd | Crusher |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2109882U (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1992-07-15 | 戴履江 | Automatic seperator for processing starch from potato kind |
| CN1145826A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-03-26 | 王成彪 | Garbage separating and recovering equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开平11-99340A 1999.03.14 |
| JP特开平5-7792A 1993.01.19 |
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