CN102218365A - Cassava crushing method - Google Patents
Cassava crushing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102218365A CN102218365A CN 201010151183 CN201010151183A CN102218365A CN 102218365 A CN102218365 A CN 102218365A CN 201010151183 CN201010151183 CN 201010151183 CN 201010151183 A CN201010151183 A CN 201010151183A CN 102218365 A CN102218365 A CN 102218365A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cassava crushing method. In the method, a cassava crushing system is used. The cassava crushing system comprises a first conveyer (1), a particle grading device (2), a second conveyer (3), a sucking device (4), a crushing device (5) and a third conveyer (6), wherein the first conveyer (1) is used for feeding cassava raw materials to the particle grading device (2), the particle grading device (2) comprises a first collecting port (21) and a second collecting port (22), the particle grading device(2) feeds large-size cassava raw materials to the second conveyer (3) through the first collecting port (21), the particle grading device (2) feeds small-size cassava raw materials to the third conveyer (6) through the second collecting port (22), and the second conveyer (3) is used for feeding materials to the crushing device(5) through the sucking device (4). By adopting the method for crushing cassava by using the cassava crushing system provided with the first conveyer with higher conveying efficiency, the crushing efficiency is high, and the cassava can be crushed continuously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breaking method of a kind of cassava.
Background technology
Cassava is tropical and the subtropical zone is perennial, the annual potato in temperate zone belongs to shrub, originates in South America, and suiting in mean temperature is 25-29 ℃, the low latitudes growth of precipitation 1000-1500 millimeter every year.Before 1820, cassava is passed to southern china greatly, mainly in Guangdong, the plantation of Guangxi and Hainan, expand provinces such as Yunnan, Fujian, Guizhou now gradually to.Because cassava is rich in starch, therefore be widely used in fields such as fermentation system ethanol, system starch.Yet, usually the piece root of cassava raw material is bigger, can not be directly used in the fields such as fermentation system ethanol, system starch, thereby need carry out pulverization process, with the institutional framework of destruction cassava raw material, thereby make small starch granules can from big potato piece, disintegrate, separate.In addition, gather cassava in the harvest season after, need earlier a part of cassava is stored, by the time use when producing.Cassava is stored in the storehouse, ground usually, before use, transports from the storehouse, ground after the first cassava with bulk of needs simply is ground into bulk or is cut into sheet.When the conveying device in adopting existing breaking method was carried the cassava raw material, conveying device was prone to fault, so transfer efficiency is not high, and was unfavorable for realizing the cassava raw material is carried, pulverized, and continuous simultaneously, efficient and low power consuming ground produces.
Summary of the invention
When the objective of the invention is to overcome the conveying device conveying cassava raw material that utilizes in the existing breaking method, conveying device is prone to fault, and be unfavorable for realizing the cassava raw material is carried, pulverized, simultaneously continuously, efficient and low power consuming ground produces, provide that a kind of transfer efficiency is higher, power consumption is low, crush efficiency is high, the breaking method of the cassava of function of removing sand and good crushing effect arranged.
The present inventor finds, the boxboard conveyer of the conveying cassava raw material in the existing breaking method generally is placed in the earth region of cassava storehouse, in earth region, transporting and be delivered to the cassava raw material the process of gradation device, because cassava place of production raw material shape (has strip, the section shape, sheet, powdery) and the moisture difference, can carry inevitably on the conveyer and residual a part of cassava raw material, when the boxboard shuttling movement arrives the below of conveying device, residual cassava raw material can produce accumulation below conveying device, in the course of time, the cassava raw material that accumulates below conveying device can get more and more, the cassava raw material of piling up can make the chain of conveying device bottom raise, produce " floating chain " phenomenon, thereby cause the increase of transporting resistance, even the boxboard unit is caused damage, and have a strong impact on transfer efficiency.
The invention provides the breaking method of a kind of cassava, this method is used a kind of cassava crushing system, wherein, described cassava crushing system comprises first conveying device 1, gradation device 2, second conveying device 3, aspirator 4, reducing mechanism 5 and the 3rd conveying device 6,1 pair of gradation device of described first conveying device 2 is supplied with the cassava raw material, described gradation device 2 comprises that first gathers materials and mouthful 21 and second gather materials mouthfuls 22, described gradation device 2 is supplied with large-sized cassava raw materials by described first mouthfuls of 21 pairs described second conveying devices 3 of gathering materials, described gradation device 2 is supplied with undersized cassava raw materials by described second mouthfuls of 22 pairs described the 3rd conveying devices 6 of gathering materials, and described second conveying device 3 is by 4 pairs of reducing mechanism 5 feed of aspirator;
Described first conveying device 1 comprises at least one pair of driven roller 11, driving chain 12 and base plate 15, and at least one pair of driven roller 11 and driving chain 12 are positioned at the top of described base plate 15; Driving chain 12 is walked around the driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end, this conveying device also comprises a plurality of boxboards 13, one end of boxboard 13 is fixed on the driving chain 12, make between adjacent two boxboards 13 and the driving chain 12 and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard 13 is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, be fixedly connected with to the other end of small part boxboard 13 and scrape materials and parts 14, make that scraping materials and parts 14 can scrape the material of sweeping on the described base plate 15;
Grinding mode comprises the storage space that the cassava raw material is placed described first conveying device 1, lead with first conveying device 1 is delivered to the cassava raw material in the gradation device 2, large-sized cassava raw material in the gradation device 2 gathers materials by first and mouthfuls 21 supplies with described second conveying device 3, and pulverizes by large-sized cassava raw material supplying reducing mechanism 5 that aspirator 4 is carried second conveying device 3; Undersized cassava raw material in the gradation device 2 gathers materials by second and mouthfuls 22 supplies with the 3rd conveying device 6.
The present invention also provides the breaking method of a kind of cassava, this method is used a kind of cassava crushing system, wherein, described cassava crushing system comprises first conveying device 1, gradation device 2, second conveying device 3, aspirator 4, reducing mechanism 5 and the 3rd conveying device 6,1 pair of gradation device of described first conveying device 2 is supplied with the cassava raw material, described gradation device 2 comprises that first gathers materials and mouthful 21 and second gather materials mouthfuls 22, described gradation device 2 is supplied with large-sized cassava raw materials by described first mouthfuls of 21 pairs described second conveying devices 3 of gathering materials, described gradation device 2 is supplied with undersized cassava raw materials by described second mouthfuls of 22 pairs described the 3rd conveying devices 6 of gathering materials, and described second conveying device 3 is by 4 pairs of reducing mechanism 5 feed of aspirator;
Described first conveying device 1 comprises that two pairs of driven rollers 11, two driving chains 12 and 15, two pairs of driven rollers 11 of base plate and two driving chains 12 are positioned at the top of described base plate 15; Every driving chain 12 is walked around a pair of driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end respectively; Described conveying device also comprises base part 16 and a plurality of boxboard 13, described base part 16 is fixed between two driving chains 12, one end of boxboard 13 is fixed on the base part 16, make between adjacent two boxboards 13 and the base part 16 and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard 13 is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, be fixedly connected with to the other end of small part boxboard 13 and scrape materials and parts 14, make that scraping materials and parts 14 can scrape the material of sweeping on the described base plate 15;
Grinding mode comprises the storage space that the cassava raw material is placed described first conveying device 1, lead with first conveying device 1 is delivered to the cassava raw material in the gradation device 2, large-sized cassava raw material in the gradation device 2 gathers materials by first and mouthfuls 21 supplies with described second conveying device 3, and pulverizes by large-sized cassava raw material supplying reducing mechanism 5 that aspirator 4 is carried second conveying device 3; Undersized cassava raw material in the gradation device 2 gathers materials by second and mouthfuls 22 supplies with the 3rd conveying device 6.
Being used in the breaking method of cassava provided by the invention carries the end top to the small part boxboard of described first conveying device 1 of cassava raw material to be provided with material and scrapes materials and parts, when a plurality of boxboards run to the below of conveying device continuously, this scrapes the effect that materials and parts can play similar plough, the residual material that is accumulated in conveying device below is loosened or advance, thereby prevented the generation of " floating chain " phenomenon, guaranteed the operate as normal of first conveying device 1 in carrying cassava raw material process, improved transfer efficiency, and be beneficial to realization the cassava raw material is carried, pulverize, simultaneously continuously, efficient and low power consuming ground produces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that wherein the direction of arrow is represented flow direction of material according to the structural representation of cassava crushing system used in the cassava breaking method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of first conveying device of cassava crushing system used in the cassava breaking method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of first conveying device in the cassava crushing system used in the cassava breaking method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the stereogram of scraping the materials and parts part in first conveying device in the cassava crushing system used in the cassava breaking method provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the front view of scraping the materials and parts part in first conveying device in the cassava crushing system used in the cassava breaking method provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of first conveying device in the cassava crushing system used in the cassava breaking method provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal sectional view of first conveying device in the cassava crushing system used in the cassava breaking method provided by the invention;
Fig. 8 is the longitudinal sectional view of first conveying device in the cassava crushing system used in the cassava breaking method provided by the invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of gradation device among Fig. 1;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the cassava crushing system of a kind of preferred implementation according to the present invention, and wherein the direction of arrow is represented flow direction of material;
Figure 11 is the local space positional structure schematic diagram of the raw material input of the raw material output of conveying worm in the cassava crushing system shown in Figure 10 and the 3rd conveying device.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1 or 10, the used cassava crushing system of cassava breaking method provided by the invention comprises first conveying device 1, gradation device 2, second conveying device 3, aspirator 4, reducing mechanism 5 and the 3rd conveying device 6,1 pair of gradation device of described first conveying device 2 is supplied with the cassava raw material, described gradation device 2 comprises that first gathers materials and mouthful 21 and second gather materials mouthfuls 22, described gradation device 2 is supplied with large-sized cassava raw materials by described first mouthfuls of 21 pairs described second conveying devices 3 of gathering materials, described gradation device 2 is supplied with undersized cassava raw materials by described second mouthfuls of 22 pairs described the 3rd conveying devices 6 of gathering materials, and described second conveying device 3 is by 4 pairs of reducing mechanism 5 feed of aspirator.
The cassava raw material that described first conveying device 1 is used for being stored at lower position (for example is transported to following process equipment, the cassava raw material is transported from earth region, and be delivered in following process equipment such as the gradation device 2), common described cassava raw material is the cassava through broken bulk, sheet or other shape.According to the present invention, described first conveying device 1 is the boxboard conveyer.
But, the present inventor finds, with raw material, when for example cassava is supplied with existing crushing system and pulverizes, carry the boxboard conveyer of cassava raw material generally to be placed in the earth region of cassava storehouse, in earth region, transporting and be delivered to the cassava raw material the process of gradation device, because cassava place of production raw material shape (has strip, the section shape, sheet, powdery) and the moisture difference, can carry inevitably on the conveyer and residual a part of cassava raw material, when the boxboard shuttling movement arrives the below of conveying device, residual cassava raw material can produce accumulation below conveying device, in the course of time, the cassava raw material that accumulates below conveying device can get more and more, the cassava raw material of piling up can make the chain of conveying device bottom raise, and produces " floating chain " phenomenon, thereby causes the increase of transporting resistance, even the boxboard unit caused damage, and have a strong impact on transfer efficiency.
Therefore, in order to improve transfer efficiency, cut down the consumption of energy and improve transfer efficiency and crush efficiency, according to a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, described first conveying device 1 comprises at least one pair of driven roller 11, driving chain 12 and base plate 15, and at least one pair of driven roller 11 and driving chain 12 are positioned at the top of described base plate 15; Driving chain 12 is walked around the driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end, this conveying device also comprises a plurality of boxboards 13, one end of boxboard 13 is fixed on the driving chain 12, make between adjacent two boxboards 13 and the driving chain 12 and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard 13 is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, be fixedly connected with to the other end of small part boxboard 13 and scrape materials and parts 14, make that scraping materials and parts 14 can scrape the material of sweeping on the described base plate 15.
According to the another kind of specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, conveying device provided by the invention comprises two pairs of driven rollers 11, two driving chains 12 and base plate 15 (not shown)s, and the two pairs of driven rollers 11 and two driving chains 12 are positioned at the top of described base plate 15; Every driving chain 12 is walked around a pair of driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end respectively; Described conveying device also comprises base part 16 and a plurality of boxboard 13, described base part 16 is fixed between two driving chains 12, one end of boxboard 13 is fixed on the base part 16, make between adjacent two boxboards 13 and the base part 16 and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard 3 is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, be fixedly connected with to the other end of small part boxboard 13 and scrape materials and parts 14 (not shown)s, make that scraping materials and parts 14 can scrape the material of sweeping on the described base plate 15.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, in order to play loose better and promotion remains in the conveying device below, i.e. material on the base plate 15, under the preferable case, the other end of each boxboard 13 all is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts 14.
As shown in Figure 4, each scrapes materials and parts 14 can comprise a plurality of tusks, with the work that plays similar plough better in order to the residual material on the base plate 15 of loose conveying device below.Under the preferable case, boxboard 13 is dull and stereotyped, and described a plurality of tusks divide a row or multi-row arrangement, and every row's tusk is in same plane, and the dihedral angle α between this plane and the boxboard 13 can be 30 °-90 °, is preferably 45 °-60 °.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the described height h that scrapes materials and parts 14 can be the 20-60 millimeter, is preferably the 30-40 millimeter.The described height of scraping materials and parts refers to scrape the vertical range between materials and parts top and the boxboard top.In installing and using process, can suitably adjust the distance of scraping between materials and parts 14 and the base plate 15 (promptly, when scraping materials and parts 14 towards base plate 15, scrape the top of materials and parts 14 and the distance between the base plate 15), scrape the needs of sweeping material to satisfy, under the preferable case, described vertical range of scraping between materials and parts 14 tops and the base plate 15 can be the 5-15 millimeter.
According to first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, should be able to form the open spaces that can hold material between adjacent two boxboards 13 and the driving chain 12, hold and the needs of transported material to satisfy; Generally speaking, the angle (β) between described boxboard plane, 13 place between driven roller 11 axis and the plane, driving chain 12 place can be preferably 60 °-90 ° for 30 °-90 °; According to second kind of specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, should be able to form the open spaces that can hold material between adjacent two boxboards 13 and the base part 16, hold and the needs of transported material to satisfy; Generally speaking, the angle (β) between described boxboard plane, 13 place between driven roller 11 axis and the plane, base part 16 place can be preferably 60 °-90 ° for 30 °-90 °.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, can be according to the distance between two adjacent boxboards 13 of how much adjusting of material to be transported, generally speaking, the distance between two adjacent boxboards 13 can be 1.5-3 rice, is preferably 2-2.5 rice.The quantity of described boxboard 13 can be adjusted in the scope of broad, and the actual needs during according to convey materials is set the quantity of boxboard 13.
Under the preferable case, in order to make the more smooth and easy of conveying device motion, described driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 engagements, utilize the tractive force of driving chain 12 to drive boxboard 13, perhaps utilize the tractive force of conventional chains 12 and base part 16 to drive boxboard 13 around driven roller 11 motions around driven roller 11 motions.Wherein, described driven roller 11 can be drive sprocket.
According to first kind of embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, the width of described driving chain 12 is enough to make boxboard 13 fixed thereon, and drive boxboard 13 moves together around driven roller 11.Chain 12 can be more equal or wide slightly than boxboard 3.
According to second kind of embodiment of the present invention, the method that base part 16 is fixed on the driving chain 12 can adopt various fixing means well known in the art, as modes such as welding, hinged, bolt connections.Quantity to base part 16 is not particularly limited, and can adjust in the scope of broad, and for example, described base part can be to walk around driven roller 11 to join end to end and form the complete integral body of closed circuit, and is fixed on the driving chain, as, feed belt; Also can comprise a plurality of base parts unit, the driven roller 11 formation closed circuit that joins end to end and is walked around in described a plurality of base parts unit fixed order successively on driving chain; Can set the quantity of base part unit according to actual needs.Distance between the described base part unit can be decided according to actual conditions, and under the preferable case, described a plurality of base parts are located to be provided with the plate (not shown) between the unit, and described plate is filled the slit between two adjacent base part unit.
The quantity of described boxboard 13 can be adjusted in the scope of broad, and sets the quantity of boxboard 13 according to actual needs.
According to above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, for the material powder or the material fragment that accumulate in the further slit with driving chain 12 are removed clean, under the preferable case, with second kind of specific embodiment of the present invention is example, as shown in Figure 7, described conveying device also comprises at least one cleaning item 17, and described cleaning item 17 comprises cleaning brush 18, described cleaning brush 18 can contact with driving chain 12, so that the material between driving chain 12 surfaces and slit is removed.
According to the present invention, can adopt variety of way securing cleaning spare 17, so that cleaning brush 18 can contact with driving chain 12, so that the material between driving chain 12 surfaces and slit is removed.
Under the preferable case, this conveying device also comprises two side plates 19, described two side plates 19 lay respectively at the both sides of closed circuit, described cleaning item 17 comprises cleaning brush 18 and transverse ribs 110, cleaning brush 18 is fixed on the transverse ribs 110, and the two ends of described transverse ribs 110 are separately fixed on described two side plates 19.
More preferably under the situation, with first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention is example, as shown in Figure 8, for the ease of the distance between control cleaning brush 18 and the driving chain 12, described cleaning item 17 also comprises at least one longitudinal rib 111, described longitudinal rib 111 makes described cleaning brush 18 be fixed on the transverse ribs 110 by this longitudinal rib 111 between transverse ribs 110 and cleaning brush 18.The quantity of described longitudinal rib is preferably the 2-4 bar, and every longitudinal rib 111 all be not fixed with cleaning brush 18, driving chain 12 surfaces that run parallel with cleaning simultaneously and material powder and the material fragment in the slit with the fixing end of transverse ribs 110.
Again under the preferable case, longitudinal rib 111 is set to the device that can stretch up and down, can be more convenient for cleaning salvage stores so that in the process of conveying device operation, regulate the distance between cleaning brush 18 and the driving chain 12 at any time.
Wherein, the position of described cleaning brush 18 just can contact with driving chain 12, to remove material powder residual between driving chain 12 surfaces and slit and material fragment clean.The selectable range broad of the material of described cleaning brush 18 and shape size, contact with driving chain 12 as long as can be easy to, and material powder residual between driving chain 12 surfaces and slit and material fragment removed totally get final product, for example, can be rubber or brush the shape thing.
The method that cleaning brush 18 is fixed on transverse ribs 110 or the longitudinal rib 111 can adopt various fixing means conventional in this area, for example, by bolt with cleaning brush 18 (as, rubber) be fixed on transverse ribs 110 or the longitudinal rib 111, perhaps cleaning brush 18 (as, brush shape thing) is fitted in transverse ribs 110 or longitudinal rib 111 first-class modes with binding agent.
According to the present invention, fixed lateral rib 110 on side plate 19, and on transverse ribs 110 fixedly the method for longitudinal rib 111 can adopt the whole bag of tricks well known in the art, for example, the fixing or bolt of welding such as is connected and fixed at mode.
According to the present invention, can decide according to the power of motor size along the distance between two the relative driven rollers 11 on the lead of conveying device, according to of the present invention one preferred embodiment, can be 8-80 rice along the distance between two the relative driven rollers 11 on the lead of conveying device.If the distance between at least one pair of driven roller is long, may cause driving chain 12 and/or base part 16 tenesmus, therefore, under the preferable case, can also between at least one pair of the relative driven roller 11 on the lead of conveying device, at least one backing roll be set again, to play the effect of tensioning, prevent that driving chain 12 is long and cause the situation of driving chain 12 and/or base part 16 tenesmus to take place.
According to the present invention, can adopt the method for various routines of the prior art to drive driven roller 11 motions, for example,, and make driven roller drive the closed circuit continuous motion that driving chain 12 forms around driven roller 11 by 11 motions of motor-driven driven roller.According to conveying device provided by the invention, before the using method of this conveying device can be included in startup, material to be transported is packed between boxboard 13 and driving chain 12 or boxboard 13 and the base part 16 in the storage space that forms, starting power supply makes driven roller 11 drive driving chain 12 motions, treat with mass transport to the place of the pending operation that needs (according to the present invention, promptly be delivered to gradation device 2, perhaps evenly supply to gradation device 2) by minute batch bin 7, after promptly being delivered to the driven roller of the other end from the driven roller of an end, the material nature draws off from storage space, owing to this conveying device is the shuttling movement that the closed circuit that utilizes driving chain 12 and driven roller 11 to form carries out, therefore, after discharging finishes, boxboard 13 is with the driving of driven roller 11 and driving chain 12, be back to the starting point that raw material is carried again from the below, promptly be back to the transportation end of driven roller.Conveying device provided by the invention can be used for the conveying of various materials, is specially adapted to carry the cassava raw material.
Described gradation device 2 is used for the cassava raw material from described first conveying device 1 is carried out classification, makes the cassava raw material be divided into large-sized cassava raw material and undersized cassava raw material two parts according to size.Described large-sized cassava raw material is transported in the following process equipment by second conveying device 3 and pulverizes, and described undersized cassava raw material is as pulverizing finished product by 6 outputs of the 3rd conveying device.Generally, wait to supply with the described cassava raw material of crushing system according to place of production difference, and comprise the shape of having nothing in common with each other, for example, block, the section shape, sheet, powdery etc., perhaps some bulk cassava raw material can be carried out precrushing, therefore, the Size Distribution of described large-sized cassava raw material and undersized cassava raw material can be determined according to the dimensional requirement to the pulverizing finished product of cassava raw material in the actual production process, for example, utilize in the technology of cassava feedstock production ethanol, require the pulverizing finished product of cassava raw material to be of a size of below 3.5 millimeters, therefore, in the technical process of utilizing cassava feedstock production ethanol, described large-sized cassava raw material is a size greater than 3.5 millimeters cassava raw material, and described undersized cassava raw material is that particle diameter is the cassava raw material below 3.5 millimeters.In the present invention, the size of described large-sized cassava raw material is meant the ultimate range of a side of cassava raw material to opposite side on the other side, for example, when described large-sized cassava raw material when being spherical, the size of then described large-sized cassava raw material is meant the diameter of described ball.
In a kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, as shown in Figure 9, described gradation device 2 also comprises charging aperture 23, screen cloth 24 and drip feed plate 25, described screen cloth 24 gathers materials between the mouth 21 at charging aperture 23 and described first, and along from charging aperture 23 to described first gather materials mouthfuls 21 the inclination that is directed downwards, described drip feed plate 25 is positioned at the below of described screen cloth 24, and gather materials between mouthfuls 22 at described charging aperture 23 and described second, and along from charging aperture 23 to described second gather materials mouthfuls 22 the inclination that is directed downwards, the mesh diameter of described screen cloth is the 1.5-3.5 millimeter.Under the most preferred case, described gradation device 2 is the vibrations classifying screen, and the sieve diameter of described vibrations classifying screen is preferably the 1.5-3.5 millimeter, being particle diameter passes through sieve aperture less than the cassava powder particle of the sieve diameter of described vibrations classifying screen, and described large-sized cassava raw material is retained in the opposite side of screen cloth, and enters second conveying device 3.
Described second conveying device 3 comprises traction piece and driven roller (for example can be cylinder or sprocket wheel), and described traction piece is walked around driven roller and joined end to end, and forms the closed circuit that transports material.To described traction piece, and utilize the continuous motion of described traction piece to carry described large-sized cassava raw material from described large-sized cassava raw material supplying of gradation device 2.Described second conveying device 3 is preferably belt conveyor.
Described the 3rd conveying device 6 is preferably bucket elevator, described bucket elevator can be for can be with material from the straight bucket elevator that is promoted to the various routines of higher position of lower position, for example described bucket elevator comprises drive sprocket, hopper and driven roller, hopper be installed on the drive sprocket and the linear direction of the material containing face of described hopper and drive sprocket motion vertical, drive sprocket is walked around driven roller and is joined end to end, and forms the closed circuit that transports material.To described hopper, and utilize the continuous motion of described drive sprocket to carry described cassava powder particle from the described cassava powder pellet supply of gradation device 2.
The cassava raw material (large-sized cassava raw material that screening obtains) that described aspirator 4 is used for aspirating from second conveying device 3 is pulverized to be transported to reducing mechanism 5, makes bigger impurity of density such as sand sieve from the cassava raw material simultaneously.Described aspirator 4 comprises inhaling to be chewed and air exhauster, the suction inlet that described suction is chewed typically has a diameter from the 300-400 millimeter, described air exhauster is arranged near the charging aperture of reducing mechanism 5 described later, in order to prevent that the cassava raw material is drawn in the air exhauster, suction opeing at air exhauster is equipped with the net that mesh diameter is the 0.1-1.5 millimeter, described mesh diameter is preferably the 0.1-1 millimeter, more preferably the 0.1-0.5 millimeter.The charging aperture that described suction is chewed is arranged on the below of the raw material output of second conveying device 3, and the charging aperture that described suction is chewed down, the horizontal range setting of the conveying terminal point of the center of the charging aperture that common described suction is chewed and second conveying device 3 is about 0.1-0.5 rice, the vertical range setting is about 0.5-1.2 rice, and described conveying terminal point is meant that raw material is from position that the raw material output of described second conveying device 3 comes off.When the operation of described aspirator 4, described air exhauster passes through suction air, make and form negative pressure in the pipeline of aspirator in the short time, therefore near the cassava raw material the charging aperture chewed of described suction is accompanied by air and enters together in the aspirator 4, because the suction opeing of air exhauster is provided with net, thereby the ducted cassava raw material that enters aspirator is not inhaled in the air exhauster, and enters in the aftermentioned reducing mechanism 5 under gravity and action of inertia.In addition, by regulating the intensity of draft of described air exhauster, make the bigger impurity of density be not inhaled into as sand as described in the interior pipe of aspirator 4.In the utility model, the described intensity of draft represents that with the volume that per minute sucks the air in the air exhauster the common described intensity of draft is set to 10000-18000m
3/ h.Described aspirator 4 is preferably carries the material blower fan, more preferably model be T9-26-NO7.1D carry the material blower fan.
Described reducing mechanism 5 is used for the cassava raw material from described aspirator 4 is pulverized.Generally, described reducing mechanism comprises a coarse crushing device and more than one fine powder crushing device.Can guarantee although it is so raw material pulverizing to the size of wanting, but a plurality of reducing mechanisms must cause power consumption higher.In order to cut down the consumption of energy, inventor of the present utility model is in the raw material pulverizing process, make respectively through the larger particles after the screening and pulverize by the reducing mechanism of forming by a fine powder crushing device and pulverize by the reducing mechanism of forming by a coarse crushing device and fine powder crushing device, the particle diameter of the feed particles after mensuration (for example, adopting the Accu Sizer TM 780 optics particle diameter detectors of U.S. PPS company) is pulverized respectively then.The result, the average grain diameter of the feed particles after the reducing mechanism that employing is made up of a fine powder crushing device is pulverized is the 1.8-2.5 millimeter, the average grain diameter (for example 1.5-1.7 millimeter) of the feed particles that though this particle diameter is a bit larger tham reducing mechanism that employing is made up of a coarse crushing device and fine powder crushing device after pulverizing, but still satisfy the requirement (for example, utilize the potato class to make requiring potato class particle grain size in the ethanol is below 3.5 millimeters) of following process.Therefore, the condition of overall economic efficiency and technological requirement, described reducing mechanism is preferably one, and particle diameter can be provided is the particle of 1.8-2.5 millimeter.There is no particular limitation for described in the present invention fine powder crushing device, can be for feed particles being crushed to the various reducing mechanisms below 3.5 millimeters.Described coarse crushing device is meant the reducing mechanism that feed particles can be crushed to the 10-20 millimeter.In the present invention, described reducing mechanism can be for having the various reducing mechanisms of pulverizing the cassava function, for example, described reducing mechanism can be a kibbler roll, described kibbler roll comprises two opposed rollers, make a lot of projectioies on described two opposed roller surfaces, Yi Bian by between roller, pressurizeing roller is rotated on one side, broken by the raw material between this; Described reducing mechanism can also be hammer mill, and described hammer mill comprises toe and screen cloth, and is broken by described toe being rotated at a high speed raw material is hammered into shape repeatedly, up to the mesh of the screen cloth by the toe periphery; Described reducing mechanism can also be jaw crusher, and described jaw crusher comprises the jaw and the vibration jaw of V-shaped opening, raw material is placed between the jaw and vibration jaw of the V-shaped opening that makes progress, and makes the raw material fragmentation by pressurization; Described reducing mechanism can also be pin formula disintegrating machine, described pin formula disintegrating machine is provided with the discoidal rotary disk that a lot of pins are arranged on the vertical direction and faces the fixed disc that a lot of pins are arranged on the face of this rotating disk, after raw material being added to the center of rotary disk, utilize centrifugal force to enter to be contained in the gap of the pin on rotary disk and the fixed disk, be subjected to the impact that pin causes and the effect of bounce-back, thereby make the raw material fragmentation; Described reducing mechanism can also be ball formula disintegrating machine.In one embodiment, described reducing mechanism is a beater disintegrating machine, preferred model is the beater disintegrating machine of JFS-2000-72, this beater disintegrating machine comprises rotor, hammer leaf, sieve plate, drive system and control system, in running, rotate at a high speed by control system control hammer leaf, hammer leaf and material are rubbed, thereby material is crushed to the particle size range of requirement.
As shown in Figure 1, in cassava crushing system of the present invention, cassava raw material from described first conveying device 1 can directly fall in gradation device 2, yet, control even feed for convenience, preferably as shown in figure 10, also be provided with branch batch bin 7 between described first conveying device 1 and gradation device 2, described minute batch bin 7 is used for the cassava material dosing from described first conveying device 1 is supplied to gradation device 2.In addition, between described gradation device 2 and the 3rd conveying device 6, can also be provided with conveying worm 8, will be delivered to the 3rd conveying device 6 from the cassava raw material (being the cassava powder particle) of described gradation device 2 by described conveying worm.The local space positional structure of the raw material input of the raw material output of described conveying worm 8 and the 3rd conveying device 6 as shown in figure 11, the port of the raw material output of described conveying worm 8 be arranged on described the 3rd conveying device 6 the raw material input port directly over, and the former port diameter is slightly less than the latter.Between the described gradation device 2 and second conveying device 3, also be provided with feed storehouse 9, will be by described feed storehouse 9 from cassava raw material (being large-sized cassava raw material) weight feed to the second conveying device 3 of described gradation device 2.
In addition, pulverizing finished product from reducing mechanism 5 can also converge with the described cassava powder particle from the 3rd conveying device 6, for fear of bringing in the final crushed products from silt in the cassava powder of the 3rd conveying device 6 or impurity, and be convenient to control the amount of the undersized cassava powder of carrying from the 3rd conveying device 6, under the preferable case, after the 3rd conveying device 6, also be provided with level-sensing device and riffler (not shown); Described level-sensing device is used for the material dosing from described the 3rd conveying device 6 is supplied with riffler.This undersized cassava powder is by level-sensing device weight feed riffler, and carries out sand setting in riffler, after the removal of impurities, again by with converge from the crushed products of reducing mechanism 5.Described riffler can be for having sedimentation and separating the various rifflers of the impurity functions such as silt in the crushed products, for example cyclone separator.
In addition, owing to also contain one deck thin skin in the exocuticle of fresh cassava raw material, promptly endepidermis contains cyanide and a kind of cyanogen two---linamarin that can cause food poisoning in this endepidermis.Linamarin is hydrolyzed the back and produces hydrogen cyanide.Hydrogen cyanide and cyanide all have severe toxicity, and it is very fast to poison.They can enter human body by number of ways, as skin absorb, wound is invaded, respiratory tract sucks, eats by mistake etc., enter human body after, can make the central nervous system paralysis, make hemoglobin poisoning in respiratory enzyme and the blood, cause expiratory dyspnea, systemic cell can make body death because of anoxia asphyxia.Therefore, under the preferable case, before with cassava raw material supplying crushing system, need remove the endepidermis of fresh cassava raw material earlier usually.Described method of removing fresh cassava raw material endepidermis has can adopt various barking method of the prior art, for example, adopts artificial method of removing the peel to remove the exocuticle and the endepidermis of fresh cassava raw material, removes the silt on raw material surface simultaneously; Perhaps adopt peeling equipment to remove the peel, described peeling equipment can adopt various peeling equipments, for example the peeling equipment of disclosed potato raw material among the CN 101289674A.
Moreover, owing to may contain earth, sandstone impurity and iron tramp in the potato raw material, can cause damage to peeling equipment, therefore, according to method of the present invention, before can also comprising peeling the cassava raw material is carried out pretreated routine operation, described pretreated step generally comprises the step of removing impurity and cleaning.As, after fresh cassava is gathered, remove earth, root, palpus and impurity such as wooden part and sandstone on the cassava.And cassava cleaned, the method and apparatus of described cleaning is conventionally known to one of skill in the art.
Below in conjunction with Figure 10 the method for utilizing cassava crushing system of the present invention that cassava is pulverized provided by the invention is described.
The cassava raw material is placed the storage space of described first conveying device 1, lead with first conveying device 1 is transported to branch batch bin 7 with cassava raw material defeated (be generally bulk, sheet, section shape, powdery or other arbitrary shape, perhaps some bulk cassava raw material can be carried out precrushing).Described cassava raw material evenly supplies in the gradation device 2 by minute batch bin 7, thereby make the cassava raw material be divided into large-sized cassava raw material and undersized cassava raw material, and described undersized cassava raw material is transferred in the conveying worm 8, be transported in the 3rd conveying device 6 by conveying worm 8, make described undersized cassava raw material as pulverizing finished product then by 6 outputs of the 3rd conveying device, enter level-sensing device from the undersized cassava raw material of the 3rd conveying device 6 outputs, and by level-sensing device weight feed riffler, and in riffler, carry out sand setting, removal of impurities.Described large-sized cassava raw material is transferred in the feed storehouse 9, and be dosed in second conveying device 3 by feed storehouse 9.The charging aperture of described aspirator 4 is arranged on the below of the raw material output of second conveying device 3, described large-sized cassava raw material is in the raw material output output of second conveying device 3, in the feed particles dropping process, by regulating the intensity of draft of air exhauster in the aspirator 4, feed particles is sucked in the aspirator when the charging aperture of close aspirator 4, and guarantee that bigger impurity such as the sand of density is not inhaled in the aspirator 4.The other end of described aspirator 4 is connected with the charging aperture of reducing mechanism 5, and the cassava raw material supplying that sucks in the aspirator is pulverized in reducing mechanism 5, and the cassava feed particles after the pulverizing is from the discharging opening output of reducing mechanism 5, as pulverizing finished product.Pulverizing finished product from reducing mechanism 5 can converge with the described cassava powder particle of also handling through sand setting from the 3rd conveying device 6.
Claims (25)
1. the breaking method of a cassava, this method is used a kind of cassava crushing system, it is characterized in that, described cassava crushing system comprises first conveying device (1), gradation device (2), second conveying device (3), aspirator (4), reducing mechanism (5) and the 3rd conveying device (6), described first conveying device (1) is supplied with the cassava raw material to gradation device (2), described gradation device (2) comprises first mouthful (21) and second mouth (22) that gathers materials that gathers materials, described gradation device (2) gathers materials mouthful (21) to the large-sized cassava raw material of described second conveying device (3) supply by described first, described gradation device (2) gathers materials mouthful (22) to the undersized cassava raw material of described the 3rd conveying device (6) supply by described second, and described second conveying device (3) is passed through aspirator (4) to reducing mechanism (5) feed;
Described first conveying device (1) comprises at least one pair of driven roller (11), driving chain (12) and base plate (15), and at least one pair of driven roller (11) and driving chain (12) are positioned at the top of described base plate (15); Driving chain (12) is walked around driven roller (11) the formation closed circuit that joins end to end, this conveying device also comprises a plurality of boxboards (13), one end of boxboard (13) is fixed on the driving chain (12), make between adjacent two boxboards (13) and the driving chain (12) and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard (13) is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain (12) and driven roller (11) engagement, be fixedly connected with to the other end of small part boxboard (13) and scrape materials and parts (14), make that scraping materials and parts (14) can scrape the material of sweeping on the described base plate (15);
Grinding mode comprises the storage space that the cassava raw material is placed described first conveying device (1), lead with first conveying device (1) is delivered to the cassava raw material in the gradation device (2), large-sized cassava raw material in the gradation device (2) by first gather materials mouthful (21) supply with described second conveying device (3), and large-sized cassava raw material supplying reducing mechanism (5) of second conveying device (3) conveying is pulverized by aspirator (4); Undersized cassava raw material in the gradation device (2) by second gather materials mouthful (22) supply with the 3rd conveying device (6).
2. the breaking method of a cassava, this method is used a kind of cassava crushing system, it is characterized in that, described cassava crushing system comprises first conveying device (1), gradation device (2), second conveying device (3), aspirator (4), reducing mechanism (5) and the 3rd conveying device (6), described first conveying device (1) is supplied with the cassava raw material to gradation device (2), described gradation device (2) comprises first mouthful (21) and second mouth (22) that gathers materials that gathers materials, described gradation device (2) gathers materials mouthful (21) to the large-sized cassava raw material of described second conveying device (3) supply by described first, described gradation device (2) gathers materials mouthful (22) to the undersized cassava raw material of described the 3rd conveying device (6) supply by described second, and described second conveying device (3) is passed through aspirator (4) to reducing mechanism (5) feed;
Described first conveying device (1) comprises two pairs of driven rollers (11), two driving chains (12) and base plate (15), and two pairs of driven rollers (11) and two driving chains (12) are positioned at the top of described base plate (15); Every driving chain (12) is walked around a pair of driven roller (11) the formation closed circuit that joins end to end respectively; Described conveying device also comprises base part (16) and a plurality of boxboard (13), described base part (16) is fixed between two driving chains (12), one end of boxboard (13) is fixed on the base part (16), make between adjacent two boxboards (13) and the base part (16) and form storage space, and described a plurality of boxboard (13) is arranged along the lead of this conveying device, described driving chain (12) and driven roller (11) engagement, be fixedly connected with to the other end of small part boxboard (13) and scrape materials and parts (14), make that scraping materials and parts (14) can scrape the material of sweeping on the described base plate (15);
Grinding mode comprises the storage space that the cassava raw material is placed described first conveying device (1), lead with first conveying device (1) is delivered to the cassava raw material in the gradation device (2), large-sized cassava raw material in the gradation device (2) by first gather materials mouthful (21) supply with described second conveying device (3), and large-sized cassava raw material supplying reducing mechanism (5) of second conveying device (3) conveying is pulverized by aspirator (4); Undersized cassava raw material in the gradation device (2) by second gather materials mouthful (22) supply with the 3rd conveying device (6).
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the other end of each boxboard (13) all is fixedly connected with scrapes materials and parts (14).
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, each is scraped materials and parts (14) and comprises a plurality of tusks.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, boxboard (13) is dull and stereotyped, and described a plurality of tusks divide a row or multi-row arrangement, and every row's tusk is in same plane, and the dihedral angle (α) between this plane and the boxboard (13) is 30 °-90 °.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the described height (h) of scraping materials and parts (14) is the 20-60 millimeter, described height (h) refers to scrape the vertical range between materials and parts (14) top and the boxboard top.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the vertical range of scraping between materials and parts (14) top and the base plate (15) is the 5-15 millimeter.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, the angle (β) between described boxboard (13) plane, place between driven roller (11) axis and driving chain (12) plane, place is 30 °-90 °.
9. method according to claim 2, wherein, the angle (β) between described boxboard (13) plane, place between driven roller (11) axis and base part (16) plane, place is 30 °-90 °.
10. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the distance between adjacent two boxboards (13) is a 1.5-3 rice.
11. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described first conveying device (1) also comprises at least one cleaning item (17), described cleaning item (17) comprises cleaning brush (18), described cleaning brush (18) can contact with driving chain (12), so that the material between driving chain (12) surface and slit is removed.
12. method according to claim 11, wherein, described first conveying device (1) also comprises two side plates (19), described two side plates (19) lay respectively at the both sides of closed circuit, described cleaning item (17) comprises cleaning brush (18) and transverse ribs (110), cleaning brush (18) is fixed on the transverse ribs (110), and the two ends of described transverse ribs (110) are separately fixed on described two side plates (19).
13. method according to claim 11, wherein, described first conveying device (1) also comprises two side plates (19), described two side plates (19) lay respectively at the both sides of closed circuit, described cleaning item (17) comprises cleaning brush (18), transverse ribs (110) and at least one longitudinal rib (111), described longitudinal rib (111) is positioned between transverse ribs (110) and the cleaning brush (18), and described cleaning brush (18) is fixed on the transverse ribs (110) by this longitudinal rib (111).
14. method according to claim 13, wherein, described longitudinal rib (111) can stretch up and down.
15. method according to claim 11, wherein, described cleaning item (17) comprises cleaning brush (18) and bracing frame (112), and cleaning brush (18) is fixed on the bracing frame (112), and bracing frame (112) is fixed on the base plate (15).
16. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described reducing mechanism (5) is one.
17. method according to claim 16, wherein, described reducing mechanism (5) is a beater disintegrating machine.
18. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described gradation device (2) also comprises charging aperture (23), screen cloth (24) and drip feed plate (25), described screen cloth (24) is positioned at charging aperture (23) and described first and gathers materials between mouthful (21), and along from charging aperture (23) to described first inclination that is directed downwards of gathering materials mouthful (21); Described drip feed plate (25) is positioned at the below of described screen cloth (24), and is positioned at described charging aperture (23) and described second and gathers materials between mouthful (22), and along from charging aperture (23) to described second inclination that is directed downwards of gathering materials mouthful (22); The mesh diameter of described screen cloth is the 1.5-3.5 millimeter.
19. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described aspirator (4) is for carrying the material blower fan.
20. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described the 3rd conveying device (6) is a bucket elevator.
21. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, between described first conveying device (1) and gradation device (2), also be provided with branch batch bin (7), described minute batch bin (7) be used for the material dosing from described first conveying device (1) is supplied to gradation device (2).
22. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, also be provided with conveying worm (8) between described gradation device (2) and the 3rd conveying device (6), described conveying worm (8) is used for mass transport to the three conveying devices (6) from described gradation device (2).
23. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, also be provided with feed storehouse (9) between described gradation device (2) and second conveying device (3), described feed storehouse (9) is used for the material dosing from described gradation device (2) is supplied to second conveying device (3).
24. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, wherein, the size of described large-sized cassava raw material is greater than 3.5 millimeters; The size of undersized cassava raw material is less than 3.5 millimeters.
25. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, wherein, this method also is included in to be supplied with cassava before the cassava crushing system pulverizes, with the step of cassava peeling.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2109882U (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1992-07-15 | 戴履江 | Automatic seperator for processing starch from potato kind |
| JPH057792A (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-19 | Ube Ind Ltd | Crushing equipment |
| CN1145826A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-03-26 | 王成彪 | Garbage separating and recovering equipment |
| JPH1199340A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-04-13 | Tadano Ltd | Crusher |
-
2010
- 2010-04-16 CN CN 201010151183 patent/CN102218365B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH057792A (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-19 | Ube Ind Ltd | Crushing equipment |
| CN2109882U (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1992-07-15 | 戴履江 | Automatic seperator for processing starch from potato kind |
| CN1145826A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-03-26 | 王成彪 | Garbage separating and recovering equipment |
| JPH1199340A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-04-13 | Tadano Ltd | Crusher |
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