CN102212369A - Application of non-legume crop straw for immobilizing residual inorganic nitrogen in acid red soil and method thereof - Google Patents
Application of non-legume crop straw for immobilizing residual inorganic nitrogen in acid red soil and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102212369A CN102212369A CN 201110097985 CN201110097985A CN102212369A CN 102212369 A CN102212369 A CN 102212369A CN 201110097985 CN201110097985 CN 201110097985 CN 201110097985 A CN201110097985 A CN 201110097985A CN 102212369 A CN102212369 A CN 102212369A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an application of non-legume crop straw for immobilizing residual inorganic nitrogen in acid red soil and a method thereof, in particular to a method for immobilizing residual inorganic nitrogen in acid red soil by utilizing the non-legume crop straw. The method comprises the following steps: drying non-legume crop straw to grind and mixing the grinded straw and soil, wherein the weight of the grinded straw is 1%-2% of dry soil; the non-legume crop straw is the crop straw of which total nitrogen content is less than 1% of the dry weight of the materials; the non-legume crop straw is rape straw, wheat straw or rice straw; and the acid soil is acid red or yellow soil. The resource of the crop straw are rich, the crop straw is cheap and available; by using the crop straw, any harmful material can be not brought; and the method is a green method for immobilizing inorganic nitrogen in soil and regulating the soil acidity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to acid soil regulation technology field, relate to non-leguminous crop stalk is fixed residual inorganic nitrogen in characteristic of acid red soil application and method.
Background technology
Under height intensification condition, in order to increase substantially crop yield, China's agricultural land soil nitrogen fertilizer amount continues to increase, but this season plant to the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer generally below 40%.The nitrogenous fertilizer that is manured into soil is except that being absorbed by crop, a part is discharged into the atmosphere by ammonia volatilization and oxynitride, a part enters surface water and underground water with face of land runoff and soil percolation water leaching loss, the polluted water environment, some residues in the soil with inorganic nitrogen forms such as ammonium nitrogen and nitric nitrogens.In the Southern Red Soil area, the long at interval time of general meeting between preceding stubble and the second stubble crop, the ammonium nitrogen that residues between the soil time out in the soil can further be converted into nitric nitrogen by nitration reaction, this part nitric nitrogen can be with the rainwater leaching loss together with the residual nitric nitrogen of preceding stubble, this not only causes the loss of soil nitrogen nutrient, also polluted surface water and underground water increase the eutrophication of water body.On the other hand, the nitration reaction that takes place in this process also causes the further acidifying of soil.Therefore, if can take the otherwise effective technique measure is fixed in residual inorganic nitrogen in the soil, can reduce the loss of nitrogen on the one hand, residual nitrogen is absorbed with succeeding crop for following batch, can also reduce the farmland nitrogen loss on the other hand the booster action of the booster action of body eutrophication and nitration reaction to soil acidification.
The applicant discloses the efficient acid soil improving agent that utilizes leguminous plants material and the preparation of chemical inhibiting nitrification Dyhard RU 100, mainly utilize the contained a large amount of alkaline matter sweetening of the soil acidity of leguminous plants itself in this technology, the proton that the nitration reaction of utilizing Dyhard RU 100 to suppress the ammonium nitrogen that the organonitrogen mineralising produces in the leguminous plants simultaneously discharges is to the disadvantageous effect of improvement.Among the present invention, mainly utilize non-leguminous plant, reach and slow down the further acidifying purpose of soil the restraining effect that the original inorganic nitrogen of soil transforms.
All can produce a large amount of agricultural wastes such as crop material every year in China's agriculture production, we discover that adding non-pulse family class crop material in soil can increase the fixing of inorganic nitrogen in soil, reduce the inorganic form nitrogen of soil quantity, therefore can research and develop the fixing means of inorganic nitrogen in soil in view of the above.China's agricultural straw resource is abundant, and is cheap and easy to get, and use agricultural crop straw and can not bring any objectionable impurities into, be a kind of green technique for fixing.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the objective of the invention is to cause more inorganic nitrogen to residue in the soil at using in a large number of ammonium fertilizer in China farmland, increase the nitrogen leaching loss and quickened the risk of body eutrophication, also can quicken problems such as soil acidification, providing a kind of is the inorganic nitrogen fixing agent of feedstock production with the straw, be used for fixing the inorganic nitrogen in the soil, residual inorganic nitrogen conversion product organonitrogen is stored in the soil, owing to suppressed the soil ammonium nitration reaction, this method is also slowed down soil acidification, ensures the lasting throughput of agricultural land soil.
Technical scheme: non-leguminous crop stalk is fixed the application of residual inorganic nitrogen in characteristic of acid red soil.
A kind ofly utilize non-leguminous crop stalk to fix the method for residual inorganic nitrogen in characteristic of acid red soil, step is: non-leguminous crop stalk is dried the back pulverize, again to account for 1% ~ 2% ratio and mixing with soil of soil dry weight.Described non-leguminous crop stalk is the agricultural crop straw that total nitrogen content is lower than material dry weight 1%.Described non-leguminous crop stalk is rape stalk, wheat stalk or rice straw.Described acid soil is the Xylene Red yellow earth.
Beneficial effect: with nitrogen content lower (less than the material dry weight 1%) straw add soil, causing inorganic nitrogens such as ammonium nitrogen in the soil and nitric nitrogen to be converted into organonitrogen is stored in the soil, be crop utilization of following season, reduced the pollution of the loss of nitrogen in the soil and agricultural land soil nitrogen water body.Because this process has also suppressed the conversion of soil ammonium to nitric nitrogen, the therefore acidifying that has also slowed down soil.Because agricultural wastes resources such as China's crop material are very abundant, and dispose difficulty, so the application of present technique also provides new way for the recycling of agricultural wastes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the dynamic change of adding straw and rape stalk in the red soil homoisothermal cultivation process of Anhui and not adding the control systems soil ammonium of straw;
Fig. 2 is the control systems soil nitric nitrogen (NO that adds straw and rape stalk in the red soil homoisothermal cultivation process of Anhui and do not add straw
3 -+ NO
2 -) dynamic change;
Fig. 3 is the dynamic change of adding straw and rape stalk in the red soil homoisothermal cultivation process of Anhui and not adding the control systems soil pH of straw;
Fig. 4 is the dynamic change of adding rape stalk, wheat stalk and straw in the red soil homoisothermal cultivation process of Jiangxi and not adding the control systems soil ammonium of straw;
Fig. 5 is the control systems soil nitric nitrogen (NO that adds rape stalk, wheat stalk and straw in the red soil homoisothermal cultivation process of Jiangxi and do not add straw
3 -+ NO
2 -) dynamic change.
Fig. 6 is the dynamic change of adding rape stalk, wheat stalk and straw in the red soil homoisothermal cultivation process of Jiangxi and not adding the control systems soil pH of straw;
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation of vegetable material---residual straw and the rape stalk in crop kernel results back dried, pulverize with pulverizer then, store for future use.
Crop material in the red soil of Anhui changes the fixed effect and the soil pH of inorganic nitrogen---take by weighing the characteristic of acid red soil (wind desiceted soil) that 350 g pick up from Anhui Wan Nan, one group of ratio with 10 g/kg adds the comminuted plants stalk, another group then adds similar straw with the ratio of 20 g/kg, put into plastic beaker after thorough mixing is even, add the 70%wt that deionized water is adjusted to soil moisture content water-retaining quantity among field of soil, seal plastic cup with preservative film, and stay an aperture therebetween, so that gaseous interchange and reduce moisture loss.Then plastic cup is placed 25 ℃ constant incubator constant temperature culture, weighed and kept the skin wet, to keep soil moisture content constant every 3 days.Begin the back in culture experiment and regularly take out a small amount of fresh soil sample, measure soil pH value; 0.25 mm sieve is crossed in air-dry, the levigate back of the part fresh soil sample of taking out, and this sample is used to measure the ammonium nitrogen and the nitric nitrogen (NO of soil
3 -+ NO
2 -).In the culturing process dynamic change of soil ammonium and nitric nitrogen as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the result shows the control systems that does not add stalk, ammonium nitrogen increased gradually when culture experiment began, and illustrated in the soil that the organonitrogen mineralising forms ammonium nitrogen; From the 20th day, soil ammonium continue to descend, and changed after 50 days and eased up.The control systems nitrate nitrogen content that does not add stalk continues to increase during whole culture experiment, illustrates nitration reaction takes place in the control systems, and this is to cause soil pH decline, soil generation acidifying reason (Fig. 3).Owing to do not add exogenous nitrogen in the culture experiment, so these nitrogen in the soil are mainly derived from the residual of fertilizer nitrogen.After adding rape stalk and straw, soil ammonium and nitric nitrogen all are in very low-level, particularly add rape stalk and handle, and the soil nitric nitrogen is almost 0, illustrate that adding 2 kinds of non-leguminous crop stalks causes inorganic nitrogen in soil to transform to organonitrogen, is fixed in the soil inorganic nitrogen.Add 20 g/kg straw the fixed action of inorganic nitrogen is handled greater than adding 10 g/kg straw, add the effect of 20 g/kg rape stalks processing and handle similar to interpolation 10 g/kg rape stalks.This explanation rape stalk has better fixed effect than straw to inorganic nitrogen in soil.Fig. 3 presentation of results adds the nitration reaction that rape stalk and straw have suppressed ammonium nitrogen, the acidization of having slowed down soil, and the soil pH that therefore adds the crop material processing is higher than control treatment.Add effect that 20 g/kg straw handle and be better than and add that 10 g/kg straw handle, consistent with straw to nitrogen fixed effect.Add the rape stalk of 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg, two handle between the difference of pH little, the add-on that 10 g/kg are described enough stops the decline of pH.Therefore, add non-leguminous plant stalk straw and rape stalk and promote soil ammonium and nitric nitrogen to transform, nitrogen is fixed in the soil, also slowed down soil acidification simultaneously to organonitrogen.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of crop material---with embodiment 1, but, also selected wheat stalk for use except rape stalk and straw.
Crop material changes the fixed effect of inorganic nitrogen and soil pH in the red soil of Jiangxi---and experimental technique is with embodiment 1, but only designs stalk add-on of 10 g/kg, and incubation time continues 75 days.Between incubation period the dynamic change of soil ammonium and nitric nitrogen as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the result shows, does not add the control treatment of stalk, soil ammonium continues to descend, and the soil nitric nitrogen continues to increase, and illustrates nitration reaction takes place in the soil, and causes soil acidification (Fig. 6).Add rape stalk, wheat stalk and straw, soil ammonium reduced rapidly with the incubation time increase, reached Schwellenwert about 15 days, kept subsequently very low-level (Fig. 4) always.Among Fig. 5, add three kind of plant stalks after the soil nitric nitrogen be in very low level always, comparison is much lower according to handling.These presentation of results, behind the interpolation non-leguminous plant material, inorganic nitrogen in soil transforms to organonitrogen, and is fixed in the soil, and the inorganic form nitrogen content of soil reduces.Fig. 6 result shows, adds the nitration reaction that straw has suppressed ammonium nitrogen, has slowed down soil acidification, when culture experiment finishes, adds the soil pH of straw processing and compares approximately according to handling high 0.5-0.7.Therefore, add straw the inorganic nitrogen in the red soil of Jiangxi has been played good fixed action, and soil acidification is played resistance control effect.
Claims (5)
1. non-leguminous crop stalk is fixed the application of residual inorganic nitrogen in characteristic of acid red soil.
2. one kind is utilized non-leguminous crop stalk to fix the method for residual inorganic nitrogen in characteristic of acid red soil, it is characterized in that step is: non-leguminous crop stalk is dried the back pulverize, again to account for 1% ~ 2% ratio and mixing with soil of soil dry weight.
3. as claimed in claim 2ly a kind ofly utilize non-leguminous crop stalk in characteristic of acid red soil, to fix the method for residual inorganic nitrogen, it is characterized in that described non-leguminous crop stalk is the agricultural crop straw that total nitrogen content is lower than material dry weight 1%.
4. as claimed in claim 2ly a kind ofly utilize non-leguminous crop stalk in characteristic of acid red soil, to fix the method for residual inorganic nitrogen, it is characterized in that described non-leguminous crop stalk is rape stalk, wheat stalk or straw.
5. as claimed in claim 2ly a kind ofly utilize non-leguminous crop stalk in characteristic of acid red soil, to fix the method for residual inorganic nitrogen, it is characterized in that described acid soil is the Xylene Red yellow earth.
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| CN 201110097985 CN102212369A (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2011-04-19 | Application of non-legume crop straw for immobilizing residual inorganic nitrogen in acid red soil and method thereof |
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| CN 201110097985 CN102212369A (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2011-04-19 | Application of non-legume crop straw for immobilizing residual inorganic nitrogen in acid red soil and method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1210841A (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Microbial azotobacteria fertilizer and its preparing method |
| WO2004074442A2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Plant regulatory sequences for selective control of gene expression |
| WO2005044843A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-19 | The University Of Queensland | Regulation of cell division and plant nodulation |
| US20050223422A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-10-06 | Ceres, Inc. | Promoter, promoter control elements, and combinations, and uses thereof |
| CN101497794A (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2009-08-05 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Composite soil conditioner and preparation thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-04-19 CN CN 201110097985 patent/CN102212369A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1210841A (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Microbial azotobacteria fertilizer and its preparing method |
| WO2004074442A2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Plant regulatory sequences for selective control of gene expression |
| US20050223422A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-10-06 | Ceres, Inc. | Promoter, promoter control elements, and combinations, and uses thereof |
| WO2005044843A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-19 | The University Of Queensland | Regulation of cell division and plant nodulation |
| CN101497794A (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2009-08-05 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Composite soil conditioner and preparation thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《土壤肥料学》 20010531 关连珠 有机肥料 第238页 , * |
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Application publication date: 20111012 |