CN102211367A - Method for crushing plastic recycled from waste electronic and electrical appliances - Google Patents
Method for crushing plastic recycled from waste electronic and electrical appliances Download PDFInfo
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- CN102211367A CN102211367A CN2011101206667A CN201110120666A CN102211367A CN 102211367 A CN102211367 A CN 102211367A CN 2011101206667 A CN2011101206667 A CN 2011101206667A CN 201110120666 A CN201110120666 A CN 201110120666A CN 102211367 A CN102211367 A CN 102211367A
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- plastic
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for crushing plastic recycled from waste electronic and electrical appliances, relates to a method for separating and purifying the plastic in the waste electric and electrical appliances and belongs to the technical fields of metallurgy and chemical industries. The method comprises the following steps of: putting the plastic and plastic-containing parts into a crusher and crushing for the first time to form small pieces of plastic with the particle sizes of less than 10cm; putting the small pieces of plastic into an airtight high-speed breaking machine and crushing for the second time to obtain materials with the particle sizes of less than 3cm; and extracting through negative pressure to separate fiber tows and dust out. In the method, a cutting tool is used for tearing up, shearing and grinding the plastic and the plastic-containing parts, and a high-speed rotation cutting tool in the breaking machine has impact, friction and breaking effects, so that the plastic, iron, copper, aluminum and other impurities can be completely separated from one another. By the method, the energy consumption of the high-speed breaking machine can be reduced, the output rate of the high-speed breaking machine can be improved, treatment capacity can be increased, and comprehensive recovery rate can be improved, so that the purity of a subsequently-separated single component thermoplastic plastic particle product can be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the isolation and purification method of plastics in a kind of waste and old electric electrical equipment, belong to the chemical metallurgy technical field.
Background technology
Plastics are widely used in the various electronic and electrical equipments, along with these electronic apparatus enter the date of retirement in a large number, waste plastics proportion in municipal solid wastes is more and more higher, and the regeneration of plastics in the waste and old electric electrical equipment has been become social question of common concern.In China, electronic apparatus accounts for 10～20% of plastics total flow with plastics, modal kind comprises ABS, PP, PS, PVC etc., have the higher utilization of resources and be worth, use the 3kg plastics with every computer, television set uses the 4kg plastics, refrigerator uses the 5kg plastics, mobile phone uses 100g to calculate, and these electric equipment products of scrapping will produce waste or used plastics up to more than 500,000 tons every year, abandons arbitrarily or mishandling meeting causes the serious environmental pollution.Therefore no matter still be the environmental protection angle from the angle that economizes on resources; all require effectively to reclaim and regeneration fully to these waste plastics are realized; not only can save the bulk petroleum resource and save a large amount of energy; simultaneously significantly alleviate environmental pressure, help the development of human health and social civilization.
The at present relevant technology that waste plastics recovery separates in the waste and old electric electrical equipment is based on following two aspects: (1) plastics separate with metal, i.e. separating by separation means realization plastics and iron, copper aluminium.(2) separation of mixed plastic promptly realizes the separation of variety classes plastics by separation means, to obtain the higher plastics of purity.Domestic on the plastics isolation technics with big gap is abroad arranged.From development trend, mechanical dry method isolation technics makes the developing direction of plastics separation and recovery technology from now on.
In any case but, as need plastics are isolated from the parts that contain plastics, all must only obtain could further separating behind the granule earlier through fragmentation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of breaking method that can overcome waste and old electric electrical equipment recovery plastics above the whole bag of tricks defective, that conveniently produce, improve the rate of recovery.
The present invention places disintegrating machine to carry out the fragmentation first time plastics and the parts that contain plastics, form the fritter plastics of granularity less than 10cm, then the fritter plastics are placed in the airtight high speed puy and be crushed to the material of granularity for the second time, isolate Soft flocks and dust by negative pressure extracting simultaneously less than 3cm.
Cutter rotating speed when the described first time is broken is 40～80r/min.
The cutter rotating speed that has only the present invention to adopt could realize to plastics and contain plastics tear up, shear and roll effect, again the bump that produces by high speed rotating tool in the puy, rub, rub broken effect and make thoroughly dissociating of plastics and iron, copper aluminium and other impurity things.The present invention can reduce high speed puy energy consumption, improves the output capacity of high speed puy, and it is big to add high throughput, improves comprehensive recovery, with the purity of the single component thermoplastic grain products of guaranteeing later separation.
The specific embodiment
Operating procedure:
1, letter sorting is disassembled: waste and old electric electrical equipment is according to sorting such as kinds such as TV, computer, air-conditioning, washing machine, refrigerator ice cabinet, other electronic apparatus, then disassemble and carry out craft on the platform or mechanical type flowing water is disassembled operation, finish from outside to inside and disassemble at automatic transport formula physics.Plastics that separate or plastic components are according to type stacked and are stored.
2, fragmentation:
Earlier to the plastic casing disassembled, contain plastic components etc. and place and carry out the low speed primary fragmentation in the disintegrating machine that is provided with interlayer, the rotating speed of cutter is 40～80r/min, by cutter tear up, shear, roll effect, make the bulk plastics be broken into granularity less than 10cm fritter plastics.
By conveyer the fritter plastic conveying and plastic is carried out second-time breakage to the airtight high speed puy then, the bump that produces by high speed rotating tool, rub, rub broken effect and make thoroughly dissociating of plastics and iron, copper aluminium and other impurity things.The broken material granularity extracts Soft flocks, dust etc. by negative pressure simultaneously and separates less than 3cm.
3, magnetic separation: the mass transport after the fragmentation is entered cylinder magnetic separator, index drum rotating speed 150-180r/m, surface induction intensity 600-800mT adsorbs and the separating ferrum pledge from broken material, finishes and separates back irony thing and select excess respectively from feed opening discharge separately.
4, eddy current electric separation: the mass transport after the magnetic separation is entered eddy current electrostatic separator continuation separation remove copper aluminium, control alternating magnetic field highest frequency 460 Hz, pole surface magnetic field intensity 480～960 kA/m, magnetic roller rotating speed 2500-2800 r/min.Slice plastic particle and copper aluminium are discharged from the feed opening that respectively carries vibration screen respectively, and wherein not separated dust, sandy soil, rubble etc. are separated by vibration screen.
5, circulation is broken: after cracking and sorting is removed metal and other impurity, the coarse grain plastics enter in the cycle crushing machine and pulverize, wherein the disintegrating machine wall adopts sandwich design, is connected with recirculated water in the interlayer to reduce body temperature, and the plastics granularity is less than 5mm after the fragmentation that circulates.Under the pulverizer vibratory sieve is set, vibratory sieve sieve diameter 5mm, through the vibratory sieve classification, plastic grain returns fragmentation on the sieve, and the following plastic grain of sieve enters the suspension air classifier and carries out purifying one time.
6, suspension selection by winnowing: based on PP density minimum in the mixed plastic of PS, PP, ABS, PVC, PVC density maximum, ABS is close with PS density.The most segregative is the PP plastics, and mixed plastic particles is at the effect low suspension of bottom air-flow and rise in the suspension air classifier, and light plastic is blown in the separator and separates.Suspension selection by winnowing progression is 3 grades, controlled wind speed 1.2-1.5m/s.Plastic grain can obtain PP plastics, PVC plastics, ABS and PS mixed plastic respectively after the suspension selection by winnowing.Above-mentioned plastic grain send into respectively carry out in the high-tension electrostatic classifier secondarily purified.
7, high-pressure electrostatic sorting: the control technology condition is: friction cyclone material is PET, fraction time 60s; High-pressure electrostatic electric-field intensity 400～500kv/m, 3 grades of high-pressure electrostatic sorting progression.
Purity does not meet the requirements of plastics or mixed plastic particles drops into high-tension electrostatic separator again behind a purifying, carries out secondarily purified.The plastic grain free-falling enters to be carried out frictional electrification and handles in the friction cyclone of PET material, then fall into and carry out purifying in the high-tension electrostatic separator.
By above method of operating the waste refrigerators thermoplastic is carried out separation and purification, the result is as follows:
Complete machine is directly handled after disassembling compressor and outside heat sink.Carry out primary fragmentation, second-time breakage, magnetic separation, the processing of eddy current electric separation successively, behind cracking and sorting, products such as the sheet mixed plastic that obtains respectively, iron, copper aluminium, polyurethane foam particle, wherein polyurethane foam is reclaimed separately in the negative pressure dust collecting system.The thermoplasticity mixed plastic rate of recovery 96.58%; Resulting mixed plastic constituent is: PS34.68%, PP32.59%, PVC10.64%, ABS21.61%, containing metal and other impurity 0.48%.Be higher than 0.5% as thermoplasticity mixed plastic containing metal and impurity, can return once more and handle.
Above-mentioned mixed plastic is after the fragmentation that circulates, suspension selection by winnowing, high-pressure electrostatic sorting are handled successively, and the plastic grain technical target of the product that obtains after purified sees the following form:
| Title | Purity | The rate of recovery | Productive rate |
| PS | 95.37% | 95.48% | 33.53% |
| ABS | 95.18% | 96.77% | 21.21% |
| PP | 97.62% | 97.36% | 31.39% |
| PVC | 95.41% | 97.22% | 10.47% |
Claims (2)
1. waste and old electric electrical equipment reclaims the breaking method of plastics, it is characterized in that placing disintegrating machine to carry out the fragmentation first time plastics and the parts that contain plastics, form the fritter plastics of granularity less than 10cm, then the fritter plastics are placed in the airtight high speed puy and be crushed to the material of granularity for the second time, isolate Soft flocks and dust by negative pressure extracting simultaneously less than 3cm.
2. 1 described waste and old electric electrical equipment reclaims the breaking method of plastics as requested, it is characterized in that the cutter rotating speed when the described first time is broken is 40～80r/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101206667A CN102211367A (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | Method for crushing plastic recycled from waste electronic and electrical appliances |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101206667A CN102211367A (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | Method for crushing plastic recycled from waste electronic and electrical appliances |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102211367A true CN102211367A (en) | 2011-10-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101206667A Pending CN102211367A (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | Method for crushing plastic recycled from waste electronic and electrical appliances |
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| CN (1) | CN102211367A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001096261A (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method of recycling waste electric appliance resource |
| CN1310643A (en) * | 1999-05-31 | 2001-08-29 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Crushing apparatus, crushing method, disassembling method and valuables recovering method |
| JP2002018419A (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-22 | Fujitsu General Ltd | Waste disposal device and its disposal method |
| JP2003112156A (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for treating waste household electric appliance to recycle the same as resources |
| CN1966165A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-23 | 杨舜 | Waste PCB electronic circuit substrate, circuit board leftover material and chip reutilization treatment process |
-
2011
- 2011-05-11 CN CN2011101206667A patent/CN102211367A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1310643A (en) * | 1999-05-31 | 2001-08-29 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Crushing apparatus, crushing method, disassembling method and valuables recovering method |
| JP2001096261A (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method of recycling waste electric appliance resource |
| JP2002018419A (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-22 | Fujitsu General Ltd | Waste disposal device and its disposal method |
| JP2003112156A (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for treating waste household electric appliance to recycle the same as resources |
| CN1966165A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-23 | 杨舜 | Waste PCB electronic circuit substrate, circuit board leftover material and chip reutilization treatment process |
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Application publication date: 20111012 |