CN102187173A - 用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器 - Google Patents

用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN102187173A
CN102187173A CN2009801417902A CN200980141790A CN102187173A CN 102187173 A CN102187173 A CN 102187173A CN 2009801417902 A CN2009801417902 A CN 2009801417902A CN 200980141790 A CN200980141790 A CN 200980141790A CN 102187173 A CN102187173 A CN 102187173A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
fluids
section bar
flow openings
material tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2009801417902A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN102187173B (zh
Inventor
P·艾伯纳
A·索施拉格尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebner Industrieofenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Ebner Industrieofenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebner Industrieofenbau GmbH filed Critical Ebner Industrieofenbau GmbH
Publication of CN102187173A publication Critical patent/CN102187173A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102187173B publication Critical patent/CN102187173B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/04—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器(1)，所述换热器包括管状的、在其外壳上具有换热器肋片的型材，在至少一个端面(3)处，带有至少一个流动开口(8)的连接法兰(4)配属于所述型材，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体、尤其是热气。为了创造有利的设计情况，建议所述型材是由折叠的金属板制成的型材管，所述型材管的沿型材管纵向方向取向的换热器肋片(7)由所述折叠的金属板的波纹型材、尤其是波纹侧面构成。

Description

用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器，其包括管状的、在其外壳上具有换热器肋片的型材，在至少一个端面处，带有至少一个流动开口的连接法兰配属于该型材，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体、尤其是热气。
现有技术
在对金属退火件进行热处理时，不仅进行热处理，而且还在保护气体(多数是氮气或氢气或这些气体的混合物)下进行必要时所需的后续冷却。为了此时始终能够确保规定的、免于污染和起氧化作用的物质的保护气体氛围，到目前为止通常通过由铸造材料或由陶瓷制成的耐高温的换热器进行供热或散热。这些换热器或者说热交换器被热气、尤其是被燃烧气体或类似物穿流，其中，热气将热量散发给换热器且该换热器又将热量经由其外部的冷却肋片例如散发到退火室或类似物中。对于已知的、由钢管构成的散热器，这通过这些管在其外壳上具有用于增大表面的冷却肋片来发生。然而在已知的换热器中缺点是，这些换热器由庞大的耐热材料、如尤其是铸件或陶瓷制成，这由于其大的热质量不仅提高换热器的加热时间，而且由于大的蓄热能力而阻止特别强烈的动态的温度波动的作用并降低设备的效率。
发明内容
从开头所述类型的现有技术出发，本发明的目的在于创造一种用于退火炉的换热器，该换热器适合于形成高动态的温度波动，如其尤其是在退火件的热处理时可能必需的那样。
发明的描述
本发明通过如下方式解决此目的，即，型材是由折叠的金属板制成的型材管，该型材管的沿型材管纵向方向取向的换热器肋片由折叠的金属板的波纹型材、尤其是波纹侧面构成。
利用本发明创造一种特别简单且经济的用于制造适合于退火炉的换热器的可能性，该换热器在材料投入特别少并且由此重量轻的情况下正是由于其较小的内部蓄热能力可以实现退火炉内的特别动态的温度波动。型材是由折叠的金属板制成的型材管，由此对于根据本发明的换热器来说不仅增大了换热器外壳面，如这在现有技术的情况中那样，而且还增大换热器内壳面，由此包含在热气中的能量一方面被更好地充分利用，而另一方面在相对于现有技术同样大的换热器中可以实现更高的热能流。如果需要输送相对于现有技术相同的能量的量，则本发明的优点在于，现在可以使用更小和更轻的换热器。由于根据本发明的换热器的壁厚小，所以实际上可以忽略换热器材料的导热能力，并且换热器的效率提高显著的因数。
为了能够更好地充分利用包含在热气中的能量或为了改善在流体和换热器之间的传热，涡流器可在型材管壳内侧上和/或在型材管壳外侧上配设于换热器肋片，这些涡流器通过对流体流作用的涡流引起改善的传热。
在最简单的情况下，在两个端面处，带有至少一个流动开口的连接法兰可配属于型材管，所述流动开口用于所述两个型材中的一个型材，并且换热器在工作时被载热流体沿轴向穿流。
替代于此，在两个端面中的一个端面处，带有至少一个流动开口的连接法兰可配属于型材管，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体，而所述两个端面中的另一个端面是封闭的。当设有与型材轴线同轴的流体管，该流体管穿过连接法兰并朝封闭的端面的方向伸出时，得到尤其有利的构造情况。通过该流体管，载热流体可以被引入换热器中或从换热器中引出，该载热流体可以通过连接法兰内的同轴的开口又被从换热器引出或被引入换热器。由此可以实现具有仅要求特别少的空间的换热器的退火炉。
燃烧器的焰管优选配设于根据本发明的换热器的流动开口，该燃烧器必要时用预热的换热器排气的一部分、即从换热器中出来的热气的一部分来运行，实际上用以再燃烧。
附图说明
在附图中根据实施例示意示出本发明。附图示出：
图1是根据本发明的换热器的纵剖视图，
图2是图1中的换热器根据图1的II-II线剖取的剖面图，
图3是图1中的换热器的构造变型的局部剖开的纵剖视图，以及
图4是图1中的换热器的放大斜视图。
具体实施方式
用来在两种流体、即一种穿流换热器内部的热气2和一种要由换热器加热的退火炉内部的流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器1在至少一个端面3处包括带有至少一个流动开口8的连接法兰4，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体，燃烧器的焰管可以在必要时插入该流动开口8中。换热器1由型材构成，该型材根据本发明是由折叠的金属板制成的型材管5，该型材管的沿型材管纵向方向、与型材管轴线6平行的方向取向的换热器肋片7由折叠的金属板的波纹型材、尤其由波纹侧面构成。
根据按图1和2的实施例，在两个端面处，各带有至少一个流动开口8的连接法兰4配属于型材管5，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体，该一种流体在工作时沿型材管轴线9的方向穿流型材管5。
根据按图3的实施例，在两个端面中的一个端面处，带有流动开口8的连接法兰4配属于该型材管5，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体，并且所述两个端面中的另一个端面用封闭板10封闭。此外，设有与型材管轴线9同轴的流体管11，该流体管穿过连接法兰4并朝封闭的端面的方向朝向封闭板10伸出。热气通过流体管11被引入换热器1中并通过流体管11和连接法兰4之间的同轴的环状间隙通过流动开口8离开该换热器。
换热器1通过折叠具有焊接端部件的金属板制成，而折叠在型材面的纵向侧面上没有延展地实现。

Claims (5)

1.用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器(1)，所述换热器包括管状的、在其外壳上具有换热器肋片的型材，在至少一个端面(3)处，带有至少一个流动开口(8)的连接法兰(4)配属于所述型材，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体、尤其是热气，其特征在于，所述型材是由折叠的金属板制成的型材管(5)，所述型材管的沿型材管纵向方向取向的换热器肋片(7)由所述折叠的金属板的波纹型材构成。
2.如权利要求1所述的换热器，其特征在于，涡流器在型材管壳内侧上和/或在型材管壳外侧上配设于所述换热器肋片(7)。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的换热器，其特征在于，在两个端面处，各带有至少一个流动开口(8)的连接法兰(4)配属于所述型材管(5)，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的换热器，其特征在于，在所述两个端面中的一个端面处，带有至少一个流动开口(8)的连接法兰(4)配属于所述型材管(5)，所述流动开口用于所述两种流体中的一种流体，并且所述两个端面中的另一个端面是封闭的。
5.如权利要求4所述的换热器，其特征在于，设有与型材管轴线(9)同轴的流体管(11)，所述流体管穿过所述连接法兰(4)并朝所述封闭的端面的方向伸出。
CN2009801417902A 2008-10-20 2009-10-09 用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器 Expired - Fee Related CN102187173B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA1641/2008 2008-10-20
AT0164108A AT507422B1 (de) 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 Wärmetauscher für einen glühofen zum wärmetausch zwischen zwei fluiden
PCT/AT2009/000391 WO2010045664A2 (de) 2008-10-20 2009-10-09 Wärmetauscher für einen glühofen zum wärmetausch zwischen zwei fluiden

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102187173A true CN102187173A (zh) 2011-09-14
CN102187173B CN102187173B (zh) 2013-04-03

Family

ID=42119728

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2009801417902A Expired - Fee Related CN102187173B (zh) 2008-10-20 2009-10-09 用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US20110308780A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2342522B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2012506025A (zh)
KR (1) KR20110076949A (zh)
CN (1) CN102187173B (zh)
AT (1) AT507422B1 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0919799A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2741095A1 (zh)
MX (1) MX2011004231A (zh)
RU (1) RU2493526C2 (zh)
TW (1) TW201027019A (zh)
WO (1) WO2010045664A2 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA201102683B (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2565419A1 (de) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kühlung für eine Strömungsmaschine
US11022340B2 (en) 2016-08-01 2021-06-01 Johnson Controls Technology Company Enhanced heat transfer surfaces for heat exchangers
RU2700805C1 (ru) * 2019-05-13 2019-09-23 Александр Игоревич Павлов Способ продольного оребрения рабочей поверхности теплообменника

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2733215A1 (de) * 1976-08-23 1978-03-09 Borg Warner Waermeaustauscher fuer kfz-verbrennungsmotoren
US5542467A (en) * 1993-07-06 1996-08-06 Societe E'etudes Et De Constructions Aero-Navales Safety annular heat exchanger for incompatible fluids
CN2313194Y (zh) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-07 鞍钢新轧钢股份有限公司 加热罩空气换热器套管
JP2000079431A (ja) * 1998-09-07 2000-03-21 Maruyasu Industries Co Ltd 熱交換器の製造方法
CN2432539Y (zh) * 2000-07-25 2001-05-30 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 罩式退火炉热管换热器

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1912785A (en) * 1931-04-03 1933-06-06 Roy I Mills Absorption fin
DE839806C (de) * 1949-08-02 1952-05-26 Otto H Dr-Ing E H Hartmann Sternfoermiges Faltenrohr als Einsatzrohr fuer Waermeaustauscher
US2682157A (en) * 1950-11-03 1954-06-29 Heat X Changer Co Inc Gas separation
US2692763A (en) * 1952-03-08 1954-10-26 Air Preheater Supporting spacer for annular corrugated fins
JPS501093B1 (zh) * 1970-05-23 1975-01-14
JPS5138462B2 (zh) * 1972-06-20 1976-10-21
US4059882A (en) * 1976-05-24 1977-11-29 United Aircraft Products, Inc. Method of making an annular tube-fin heat exchanger
US4096616A (en) * 1976-10-28 1978-06-27 General Electric Company Method of manufacturing a concentric tube heat exchanger
JPS5616618A (en) * 1979-07-20 1981-02-17 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Continuous annealing furnace
JPH0512277Y2 (zh) * 1986-04-22 1993-03-29
RU2013747C1 (ru) * 1991-04-18 1994-05-30 Ерченко Герман Николаевич Вертикальная труба конденсатора
JP3131668B2 (ja) * 1992-12-01 2001-02-05 昭和アルミニウム株式会社 オイルクーラ
JP2001012872A (ja) * 1999-06-25 2001-01-19 Toyo Radiator Co Ltd 蒸発器
DE10349887B4 (de) * 2003-10-25 2013-03-07 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Kühler für ein Abgas-Rückführ-System bei einem Verbrennungsmotor
US7191824B2 (en) * 2003-11-21 2007-03-20 Dana Canada Corporation Tubular charge air cooler

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2733215A1 (de) * 1976-08-23 1978-03-09 Borg Warner Waermeaustauscher fuer kfz-verbrennungsmotoren
US5542467A (en) * 1993-07-06 1996-08-06 Societe E'etudes Et De Constructions Aero-Navales Safety annular heat exchanger for incompatible fluids
CN2313194Y (zh) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-07 鞍钢新轧钢股份有限公司 加热罩空气换热器套管
JP2000079431A (ja) * 1998-09-07 2000-03-21 Maruyasu Industries Co Ltd 熱交換器の製造方法
CN2432539Y (zh) * 2000-07-25 2001-05-30 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 罩式退火炉热管换热器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0919799A2 (pt) 2016-05-03
CA2741095A1 (en) 2010-04-29
MX2011004231A (es) 2011-06-17
AT507422B1 (de) 2010-05-15
JP2012506025A (ja) 2012-03-08
AT507422A4 (de) 2010-05-15
TW201027019A (en) 2010-07-16
WO2010045664A3 (de) 2011-04-28
EP2342522B1 (de) 2013-11-20
RU2493526C2 (ru) 2013-09-20
CN102187173B (zh) 2013-04-03
EP2342522A2 (de) 2011-07-13
ZA201102683B (en) 2012-06-27
KR20110076949A (ko) 2011-07-06
US20110308780A1 (en) 2011-12-22
RU2011120166A (ru) 2012-11-27
WO2010045664A2 (de) 2010-04-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3920383A (en) Fluted surface heat exchanger
JP5229512B2 (ja) 平坦な熱交換パイプを備えた復熱装置のバーナ
KR102357468B1 (ko) 보조 열교환기를 구비한 복열 장치 버너
CN103994645B (zh) 一种高效节能的滚筒烘干干燥设备
CN102187173B (zh) 用来在两种流体之间进行热交换的用于退火炉的换热器
CN101586918B (zh) 工业炉窑高温烟气的多级余热回收装置
CN102759108A (zh) 并联式空煤气双预热辐射管预热系统及预热方法
CN101660765A (zh) 一种组合式高温空气预热装置
CN102759106A (zh) 串联式空煤气双预热辐射管预热系统及空气煤气预热方法
CN204478477U (zh) 一种节能型热风炉
CN204478089U (zh) 一种热回收式焚烧炉
JPH04257655A (ja) 小型ガス燃焼空気ヒーター
CN204923850U (zh) 一种空气预热式坩埚倾倒炉
US20070119350A1 (en) Method of cooling coal fired furnace walls
CN101634528A (zh) 逆向换热节能技术
CN206354304U (zh) 移动式粮食烘干设备
CN213273914U (zh) 一种可调节管板冷却结构
CN207006889U (zh) 一种回收利用烟气余热的工业炉设备
CN107167016A (zh) 一种u形钉头管及具有该钉头管的加热炉
JPH11211353A (ja) ラジアントチューブを熱源とする加熱炉
CN202382622U (zh) 无机传热式防低温腐蚀空气预热器
CN208332672U (zh) 一种热风炉结构
CN205718585U (zh) 一种耐高温陶瓷换热器
CN106636577B (zh) 燃烧液化石油气以加热的退火炉
CN203559110U (zh) 蓄热式金属镁还原炉

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20130403

Termination date: 20131009