CN102182170A - Diffusion preventing, collecting and clearing method for floating oil pollutants on ocean water surface - Google Patents
Diffusion preventing, collecting and clearing method for floating oil pollutants on ocean water surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102182170A CN102182170A CN2010102006752A CN201010200675A CN102182170A CN 102182170 A CN102182170 A CN 102182170A CN 2010102006752 A CN2010102006752 A CN 2010102006752A CN 201010200675 A CN201010200675 A CN 201010200675A CN 102182170 A CN102182170 A CN 102182170A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
Abstract
The invention discloses a diffusion preventing, collecting and clearing method for floating oil pollutants on an ocean water surface. The method comprises the following steps of: forming an oil blocking fence by using inflatable floating bodies on an anticorrosive oleophobic surface, and drawing a rope in the fence to shrink the closed area of the fence to collect floating oil chemicals on the water surface till the floating oil chemicals on the water surface are basically collected cleanly; arranging a permanent oil blocking fence on four sides of an oil drilling (recovery) well; arranging an oil blocking belt with a rope on a steamboat so that a temporary oil blocking fence is immediately arranged when an accident happens to timely enclose the water area around a leakage point and prevent the diffusion of the floating oil pollutants; arranging a shrinkable fence, and collecting the floating oil chemicals on the water surface till basic cleanliness; and arranging a last oil blocking fence carrying a photocatalyst and a degradable enzyme so that the residual floating oil pollutants are naturally cleared in a small range. The method can effectively prevent and greatly reduce the diffusion and the residual number of the floating oil pollutants on the wide water surface. The method is simple in operation, low in cost and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wide aquatic environment resist technology fields such as ocean, especially relate to and prevent the diffusion of ocean slick class chemical pollutant and collect sweep-out method.
Background technology
Wide slick class chemical pollutants such as known collection ocean, only just like the method for collecting the ocean oil slick, it is to throw in hair, fur etc. to contaminated waters, utilizes the lipophile of hair etc. to inhale the collection oil slick; The method of the wide oil slick class of known removing chemical pollutant is to shed (spilling) photochemical catalyst and inoculate the microorganism that can decompose oil slick lipid chemical pollutant to contaminated water surface zone.When the oil slick pollutant produces (as oil tanker generation oil accident) in a large number or produces (as offshore oil production well generation oil accident) continuously, before a kind of suction diversity method will be difficult to deal with because of hair is under-supply, back a kind of light degradation and microorganism decomposition method will be because of very wide very long the producing little effect consuming time again of practical range.Two kinds of methods all can't be avoided freely spreading of oil slick class chemical pollutant, pollutant can not be limited in the limited small range, can't collect especially the oils that use value is arranged again and utilize; Traditional employing photocatalytic degradation and microorganism decompose remove be operated in ripple by carry out inefficiency in the wave, waste is many; In addition, the method that adopts microorganism to clear the pollution off also exists the growth and breeding of microorganism own and spreads the atypical pollution problems of bringing.
Summary of the invention
Can not collect the limitation of utilizing the oil slick pollutant that leak into wide Guangshui, ocean face to dye thing itself and being used to decompose the diffusion of the microorganism that clears the pollution off in order to overcome prior art with restriction oil slick class, solve better the wide water surface come-up oil pollutant that causes by accidents such as water transportation and exploitations that increases day by day preventing diffusion and collecting utilize and the removing problem is decomposed in degraded, the invention provides preventing diffusion and collecting sweep-out method of a kind of oil slick pollutant, the inventive method can not only prevent the diffusion of wide oil slick pollutant, and the oil slick class can be collected again and utilize, the diffusion of the product after can also preventing pollutant itself simultaneously and handling pollution, limit to pollute and to the scope of pollution cleanup, collected clean and till residual fraction also degraded fully and decompose up to pollutant by basic, can avoid again simultaneously removing the diffusion of polluting and polluting once more once more that pollution course brings, improve the quality and the efficient of oil slick class chemical pollutant removing work greatly.The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
1. simple oil resistance fence is arranged in the waters around near finite quantity oil slick class chemical leakage point.(1) aufbauprinciple and the manufacture method of oil resistance band and simple oil resistance fence: select oil-tight, water and air, be insoluble to You Heshui again, and external surface anticorrosive and material oleophobic is made into the tubular film band of the surperficial anticorrosive and oleophobic that hollow (wherein or also being installed with rope) can inflate at any time in advance; Manufacture the tubular film band of the anticorrosive and oleophobic in (inflatable) surface as the resin compounded film that is coated with thin metal layer such as aluminium foil or other anticorrosive oleophobic layer with appearance, every certain-length the film band is done a horizontal heat seal by the purposes requirement, form one section independent closed interval between two hot threads, the independent closed interval of each section is equipped with the valve of one piece of inflatable and exhaust, form the independent sealing section of certain-length, the valve that inflation and exhaust are used respectively is installed on each long independent sealing section, all valves are installed on the center line of the same side of described oil resistance band, in the middle of the cavity or be penetrated with nylon rope in advance; Aforementioned inflatable anticorrosive and tubular film band oleophobic is the main body that constitutes oil resistance fence of the present invention, abbreviates the oil resistance band as.Connect single ring-type floating body unit that the driving fit manufacturing forms directly as the oil resistance fence with the bigger oil resistance band more than three sections or three sections of length, when load stoped the task of oil pollutant diffusion, this kind oil resistance fence was called simple oil resistance fence.(2) aufbauprinciple of oil resistance fence support and manufacture method: be connected to each other the ring-type floating body unit that driving fit manufactures an enclosed region after the oil resistance band more than three sections or three sections that length is short (the tubular film band of the inflatable anticorrosive and oleophobic of the hollow) inflation, this ring-type floating body unit can support oil resistance fence main body when built-in, makes it stably to be in glutted state; Can optimize the duty of fence main body when external; Being placed on the joint can make the inboard oil resistance face of oil resistance fence continuously closed; Annex as the oil resistance fence is called oil resistance fence support.(3) other manufacture method of simple oil resistance fence and oil resistance fence support: during practical application, simple oil resistance fence can also be with two, even after only inflating with the single sufficiently long oil resistance band of wearing or do not wear nylon rope, head, the continuous driving fit of tail form; Simple oil resistance fence, fence support can also be to be interconnected into the ring-type floating body unit that connects airtight into closed side oil-tight and water continuously with the mao bamboon more than three sections or three sections to serve as; In like manner also can be with wooden more than three sections or three sections, even three or three are connected to each other driving fit with upper plenum metal cabinet (or vacuum plastic casing or cavity cement casing or appearance be coated with anticorrosive inflated tubular rubber strip etc. with the hollow of oleophobic layer) and become continuous closed side oil-tight, the gentle ring-type floating body unit of water to serve as; Or connect driving fits by several collocation in the aforementioned various types of materials and become closed side oil-tight, the gentle ring-type floating body unit of water to serve as.Wherein adopt can using for a long time of high-strength material manufacturing and not bad oil resistance fence is called permanent oil resistance fence.When the oil slick class chemical leakage accident of limited quantity takes place in certain wide waters, in time near its leakage point around the waters arrange that simple oil resistance fence is to stop the oil slick class chemical species diffusion of being leaked.Taking-up be provided in oil resistance band on the boats and ships near leakage point around the water surface, and with the continuous enclosed region that forms of head, the tail of oil resistance band, almost in the oil resistance band, inflate simultaneously, can form one immediately and swim in leakage point closed fence all around, stop the diffusion of the oil slick class chemicals that is leaked.(4) principle of collapsible oil resistance fence and kind comprise: directly inflated by the oil resistance band that is installed with rope or band or bar, head, tail connect the simple interim oil resistance fence that driving fit forms; Be installed with and charge into air after putting several oil resistance fence supports on the oil resistance band of rope or band or bar, after head, tail connected the collapsible oil resistance fence of interim reinforcement that driving fit forms and cover and be overlying on oil resistance band inflation on several oil resistance fence supports of contacting with rope or band or bar, head, tail connected the compound collapsible oil resistance fence that driving fit forms; The contractile function of collapsible oil resistance fence is meant and is keeping under the original inflation of oil resistance fence, closure state is constant substantially continuously the situation, by continuing to shrink the rope of (tractive) oil resistance band inside, squeeze out the air in the oil resistance band on one side, shorten the oil resistance band in losing heart on one side, and the atmospheric pressure in the oil resistance band remains constant substantially, dwindle the area of oil resistance fence enclosed region gradually with this, enclosed region up to the oil resistance fence is contracted to minimum, and the oil slick in the enclosed region can be got or extract till substantially totally with oil pumping machinery with artificial flood.
The manufacturing of collapsible oil resistance fence and supply method: the manufacture method of standby collapsible oil resistance fence and production process: (1) selection: select for use to have compound resin film anticorrosive and that the oleophobic property surface has certain intensity again, determine the size dimension of product by the difference of use occasion.Select the raw material of certain specification for use according to the specification of product; (2) cutting: raw material is cut into system tube material according to designing requirement; (3) batching: the consistent interworking of Y that will make tin material and pull rope or bar and system tube material together; (4) longitudinal heat seal: the tubular band material that contains pull rope or bar is made in the Y two edges butt joint heat seal of satisfactory compound resin film; (5) valve is installed: by product requirement the valve that one piece of inflation and exhaust are used is installed at the every place of keeping at a certain distance away, all valves all are installed near horizontal hot thread, depart from central axis one side behind the finished product, deviate from a side of longitudinal heat seal line; (6) laterally heat seal: the tubular band material (carrying out) that will contain pull rope or bar by product requirement at the every place of keeping at a certain distance away is done the horizontal heat seal vertical with Y, manufacture each closed interval and all contain the long band that is used to make the oil resistance fence of at least one valve, allow pull rope or bar go out, and remain with the vacant termination of pull rope or bar from horizontal hot commissure Shen; (7) shear: the long band of oil resistance fence is cut into oil resistance fence blank by certain specification along the heat seal transverse joint; Concrete equipment and operational sequence are as follows: the vacant termination of the long band of oil resistance fence is wrapped on the draw-gear, be installed in the mode that the opposite has another draw-gear one rotation of certain angle with it the long band of oil resistance fence is drawn into the position that cutting knife is housed along certain angle, the long band of oil resistance fence is cut into each standby oil resistance fence (being rolled into an independent bundle automatically) along each connecting portion by cutting knife; (8) go up button: respectively install half that connects button with a pair of male and female at two of oil resistance fence blank, make standby collapsible oil resistance fence; (9) packing: the doubling of will be standby collapsible oil resistance fence symmetry is that tail end is wrapped in earlier on the special-purpose tape spool with its central point, and the standby collapsible oil resistance fence of whole piece is wrapped on the tape spool, be head, two joints of tail for conveniently (simultaneously) by the state of pull; Be that the chest dress (depositing) of the transparent body is put with having a side again; After add external packing; (10) oil resistance fence case is set: will have a side and be being equipped with of the transparent body and twine that the chest of (collapsible) oil resistance fence tape spool is disposed on the boats and ships (head or afterbody somewhere), offshore drill oil is adopted by on the platform shaft, on rescue naval vessels, the rescue aircraft of oil accident, the helicopter of requiring assistance.
2. compound oil resistance fence or permanent oil resistance fence are arranged in the waters around near the leakage point of a large amount of and endless oil slick class chemicals.(1) arranges compound oil resistance fence: several oil resistance fence support strings are constituted large-scale (continuous or discrete) floating fence together with rope, and then cover the oil resistance band of large-size at large-scale (continuous or discontinuous) floating fence overcoat, the oil resistance band of described rope and described large-size head, tail respectively is connected to each other driving fit, and in the oil resistance band, charge into air, constitute compound oil resistance fence with enclosed region.The gas charging degree of oil resistance fence support number, corresponding oil resistance strip length and oil resistance band that the size of compound oil resistance area that fence encloses (enclosed region) is gone here and there by the length of described rope, by rope is controlled decision.Compound oil resistance fence is set around offshore drill (adopting) oil well, and (anchor) decides its position admittedly, leakage of oil limits the oil leaking pollution scope to waters diffusion all around in the time of can stoping brill (adopting) oil well oil accident to take place.When the leakage of oil amount is increased to the oil reservoir thickening that to a certain degree will make in the fence, be convenient to directly in the fence flood and get or extract with mechanical oil pumper, reach the purpose that collection utilizes leakage of oil.The size (being the size of enclosed region) of the inner area that is surrounded by fence should be a bit larger tham the initial stage distributed areas of bleed, the height of oil resistance fence according to contingent maximum leakage of oil amount, leakage of oil speed, allow contaminated area and need the intensity of opposing stormy waves to decide; The height that fence is answered the emersion liquid level according to may the leakage of oil amount and the highest wave of the four seasons and anchored mode decide.(2) arrange permanent oil resistance fence: at producing well, especially around the high pressure high yield producing well, preferably arrange firm permanent oil resistance fence one, be connected to each other driving fit as cavity buoyancy tank and surround closed oil resistance fence with sturdy material manufacturings such as iron and steel, cement, surface-coated has anticorrosive and the oleophobic layer, so that can bring into play the effect of oil resistance and the diffusion of anti-oil slick for a long time.(3) arrange collapsible oil resistance fence: the not enough artificial flood of the floating oil layer thickness in permanent oil resistance fence is got or the machinery of pumping extracts, and when needing to collect oil slick wherein again, arranges interim and contractile oil resistance fence together in addition in permanent oil resistance fence; And at boats and ships, especially transport big oil resistance band, off-line charger and the bonding apparatus that should be equipped with the band rope on the steamer of oil slick class chemicals with ship, can around oil slick class chemical spill point, in time arrange interim oil resistance fence during so that have an accident, the instant effect that stops oil slick and prevent oil slick class chemical species diffusion of performance, and increase again when after the boats and ships reparation, sailing out of and arrange contractile oil resistance fence together, and in time connect driving fit and become to enclose, shrink this fence and leak at slick class chemicals to collect.
3. the method for arranging collapsible oil resistance fence in the waters that has the oil slick pollutant and collecting the oil slick pollutant: the method for manufacture and use thereof of (1) is collapsible compound oil resistance fence: several oil resistance fence support strings are constituted large-scale floating fence together with rope, cover the oil resistance band of large-size at large-scale floating fence overcoat, the oil resistance band of described rope and described large-size head, tail respectively is connected to each other, and in the oil resistance band, inflate, formation can float on by the compound oil resistance fence with quite big enclosed region of the oil slick class Pollution by Chemicals water surface.A place or many places in the compound oil resistance fence outside are carried out the operation of the compound oil resistance fence of following contraction (but remaining the inboard closure state continuously of this fence) simultaneously: extract rope out, shrink described rope on one side, discharge gradually on one side and be retracted the air in the oil resistance band section and reduce the interior oil resistance fence support number of convergent section in case of necessity gradually, the inner area (enclosed region) that encloses of compound oil resistance fence is dwindled gradually, oil slick oil reservoir in the fence can constantly dwindle thickening gradually because of area naturally, get or extract oil slick in the fence up to artificial flood and become convenient when feasible, begin to collect oil slick with oil pumping machinery; Compound oil resistance fence is shunk in the back continuation, can not be retracted until this fence again, till the basic collection of oil slick class chemical layer quilt in the enclosed region is clean.Processing again or utilization are packed, sent to collected oil slick class chemicals.(2) method of manufacture and use thereof of last oil resistance fence: with material that can degraded, manufacture the simple oil resistance fence of surperficial oleophylic as bamboo and wood etc., and on fence, load onto photochemical catalyst and organic matter degradation enzyme, become last oil resistance fence; After reaching substantially totally with collapsible oil resistance fence collection oil slick class, be provided with in addition together and the sizable last oil resistance fence of the last enclosed region area of collapsible oil resistance fence, remove former fence and instrument then, in the end carry out the traditional degraded and the work of treatment of decomposing pollutant in the oil resistance fence automatically, till to the last oil resistance fence itself is degraded.
(2) arrange that inflation oil resistance band is in by the water surface of oil slick class Pollution by Chemicals, form interim simple oil resistance fence, shrink and be somebody's turn to do interim simple oil resistance fence, and remain the continuous closure state of this fence inboard, the inner area that encloses of interim oil resistance fence is dwindled gradually, oil slick class chemical layer will constantly dwindle thickening gradually because of area in the fence, get or extract oil slick class chemicals in the fence up to artificial flood and become convenient when feasible with oil pumping machinery, begin to collect the operation of oil slick class chemicals, this interim oil resistance fence is continued to shrink in the back, be contracted to minimum until interim oil resistance fence, till oil slick class chemicals is wherein collected totally substantially.Processing again or utilization are packed, sent to collected oil slick class chemicals.The last oil resistance fence suitable with last enclosed region area together is set in addition, removes former fence and instrument then, in the end carry out the traditional degraded and the work of treatment of decomposing pollutant in the oil resistance fence, till to the last oil resistance fence itself is degraded.
(3) pierce in the oil resistance band with rope, the oil resistance band that is installed with rope is arranged on the water surface of oil slick class Pollution by Chemicals zone, inflation forms interim oil resistance fence in the oil resistance band, take out the rope that tightly is through in the oil resistance band to shrink this interim oil resistance fence and to remain the continuous closure state of this oil resistance fence inboard, the inner area that encloses of this interim oil resistance fence is dwindled gradually, oil slick class chemical layer can be gradually because of area dwindles thickening in the fence, and the oil slick class chemicals of getting or extracting in the fence with oil pumping machinery up to artificial flood becomes convenient feasible; After continue to take out the tight rope rope and reach minimum state continue to shrink this interim oil resistance fence to its enclosed region, oil slick class chemicals wherein by basic collect totally till.Processing again or utilization are packed, sent to collected oil slick class chemicals.The last oil resistance fence suitable with last enclosed region area together is set in addition in last oil slick class chemical residual district, remove former fence and instrument then, in the end carry out the traditional degraded and the work of treatment of decomposing pollutant in the oil resistance fence automatically, till to the last oil resistance fence itself is degraded.
4. use the method for contraction fence to collect oil slick class chemicals, wait until that fence is retracted to minimum state, after the interior oil slick class chemicals quilt of its enclosed region is collected totally substantially, processing again or utilization are packed, sent to collected oil slick class chemicals.The last oil resistance fence suitable with last enclosed region area together is set in addition, removes former fence and instrument then, in the end proceed the traditional degraded and the work of treatment of decomposing pollutant in the oil resistance fence, till to the last oil resistance fence itself is degraded.Because the contraction oil slick class chemical distribution zone in early stage and the work of directly collecting oil slick class chemicals are arranged, follow-up removing work not only scope greatly reduces, and the also greatly minimizing of its absolute quantity, so quality and the efficient of removing pollution work all can improve greatly.
5. protection is subjected to the method in the waters of oil slick pollutant threat.At the water surface near (sea) bank line style oil resistance guardrail is set, specific to protect (sea) waters, bank is not subjected to the method for oil slick class Pollution by Chemicals.(1) manufacturing of line style oil resistance guardrail and method for arranging: with several oil resistance fence supports on the rope string, put on the oil resistance band of large-size again outside support, charge into air in the oil resistance band, airtight two-port is made compound oil resistance guardrail; Respectively compound oil resistance guardrail two ends (inner rope and overcoat together) is fixed in the place, (being higher than maximum water level at the incoming tide) top of the waters that needs protection (sea) terminal on the bank; form the continuous enclosed region of connecting airtight with protected (sea) water front; needing to establish some ganoid pillars on the protection boundary line, waters between the two ends of oil resistance guardrail in addition; to limit and to keep the oil resistance guardrail to be in metastable water surface site, allow the lengthwise position of oil resistance guardrail freely fluctuate with wave.So just can effectively stop (sea) slick class Pollution by Chemicals thing to invade this enclosed region, reach the purpose that protection needs protected seashore and offshore waters.
Collapsible oil resistance fence was to deposit with the form of standby collapsible oil resistance fence being assembled and being set to the water surface in the past.Standby collapsible oil resistance fence is built up bundle by volume, deposits in a special chest the inside of conveniently taking.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can prevent and prevent not only that the oil slick pollutant from spreading at the wide water surface; protection seashore marine site; and leakage of oil can be collected and utilize; the work quality that makes degraded remove the oil slick pollutant is significantly improved, and the removing work of wide oil slick class chemicals is become simply, easy row, efficiently.
Description of drawings
Be described further below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment.
Fig. 1 (left side) is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of oil resistance band collection (unaerated) state.Fig. 1 (right side) is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of one of oil resistance band work (inflation) state.
Fig. 2 connects the oil resistance fence support cross sectional representation that driving fit forms with three (weak points) section inflation oil resistance band.
Fig. 3 is compound oil resistance Fence structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that embodiment 1 is arranged in marine (adopting) oil well platform compound oil resistance fence operating principle schematic diagram all around that bores.
Fig. 5 is embodiment 2 arranges compound oil resistance fence around accident oil tanker ship an operating principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the operating principle schematic diagram that embodiment 3 usefulness oil resistance fences are collected oil slick class chemical pollutant.
Fig. 7 is that embodiment 4 usefulness oil resistance guardrails stop oil slick pollutant protection (sea) bank and nearly (sea) bank waters schematic diagram thereof.
Among Fig. 1 etc. 1 are the anticorrosive oleophobic layers of composite membrane oil resistance band appearance; the 2nd, the body layer of composite membrane oil resistance band; the 3rd, the air in the oil resistance band internal cavity; the 4th, the oil resistance band; among Fig. 25 is by the simple oil resistance fence of three (weak points) section inflation oil resistance band formation or connection driving fit place of oil resistance fence support; the 6th, simple oil resistance fence or oil resistance fence support enclose interior space (enclosed region); the 7th, oil resistance fence support; among Fig. 33 is (charging in the internal cavity of large-size oil resistance band) air; the 8th, compound oil resistance fence inboard (appearance of big oil resistance band); the 9th, rope; the 10th, the enclosed region (enclosing interior space) that compound oil resistance fence forms; among Fig. 4 11 be auxiliary fixedly oil resistance fence use cursory; the 12nd, the anchor of fixing cursory usefulness; the 13rd, offshore drill (adopting) oil well platform; the 14th, the water surface well head of offshore drill (adopting) oil well; among Fig. 5 15 is accident (fortune oil) steamers; the 16th, the leakage of oil crack (mouth) of accident steamer; A is the first road oil resistance fence of arranging in chronological order; B is the second road oil resistance fence; C is the 3rd road oil resistance fence; among Fig. 6 17 is inflation and gas outlets of big oil resistance band inflation inner chamber; 18 and 19 is rope winders; 20 and 21 is respectively two basic opposite directions of motion of the rope that shrinking; 22 and 23 is to shrink the oil resistance fence; collect the operation canoe of oil slick pollutant; among Fig. 7 24 is position limiting piles of oil resistance guardrail; the 25th, oil resistance guardrail and (sea) bank connect airtight enclosed region---the protected area of formation continuously, the 26th, oil resistance guardrail and seashore connect airtight the place.
The specific embodiment
Get one section tubular oil resistance band 4 as shown in fig. 1 and charge into air 3, form inflation oil resistance band 4(Fig. 1 right side) by being covered with anticorrosive oleophobic layer 1 outside the body membrane 2; Do heat seal in oil resistance band junction 5 as shown in Figure 2 or connect airtight, form and have the oil resistance fence support 7 of enclosed region (interior space) 6 or claim small-sized oil resistance fence 7.Longer when the oil resistance band 4 of being taken, even be long enough to surround at that time leakage of oil distribution waters, charge into air 3 to oil resistance band 4 then, and its head, tail junction 5 are connected heat seal or driving fits, form the enclosed region 6 of restriction institute leakage pollution thing diffusion.The oil resistance band of this moment has been to be inflated and to connect airtight and become large-scale simple oil resistance fence 7.Can also carry out following operation in the practical application: on the basis of original one A oil resistance fence 7, increase oil resistance fences 7 such as one B or multiple tracks C again at the internal layer of this road oil resistance fence 7 or skin again, can be used for being strictly on guard against that the part oil slick that may cause because of factors such as the leakage of oil amount increases, hull displacement and stormy waves increasings crosses the generation that the first road fence A pollutes the situation of fence external water area.
In Fig. 3, pass the enclosed region 6 of a plurality of oil resistance fence supports 7 with rope 9, to overlay on outside the oil resistance fence support 7 that is stringed together by rope 9 than big oil resistance band 4 covers, the back charges into air 3 to big oil resistance band 4, connect airtight or head, the tail junction 5 of the big oil resistance band 4 of heat seal, form and have the compound oil resistance fence that stops the enclosed region 10 that oil slick spreads.
In embodiment shown in Figure 41, pass enclosed region 6 in the enclosing of several small-sized oil resistance fence supports 7 with rope 9, oil resistance fence support 7 overcoats cover big oil resistance band 4, in big oil resistance band 4, charge into air 3, be arranged in brill waterborne (adopting) oil well platforms 13 such as ocean the well head 14 that makes hole around, oil resistance is taken the lead, junction 5 heat seals of tail are connected airtight, uninterrupted continuously interior side external surface 8 by big oil resistance band 4 forms enclosed region 10, to stop the oil slick diffusion of being leaked, special again be provided with auxiliary stablize compound oil resistance fence cursory 11 and stablize cursory anchor 12, to strengthen stable its oil resistance effect of performance in long-term use of compound oil resistance fence, guarantee to prevent the oil slick diffuse pollution.Make follow-up (increasing in case of necessity together or a few road such as embodiment 3 described collapsible oil resistance fences) collect leakage of oil work and become convenient feasible, make removing leakage of oil work thereafter become convenient, efficient.
In embodiment shown in Figure 52, put on several oil resistance fence supports 7 with rope 9, oil resistance fence support 7 overcoats cover big oil resistance band 4, in big oil resistance band 4, charge into air 3, be arranged in (fortune oil) boats and ships 15 that have an accident waterborne such as ocean occur leakage of oil crack 16 around, will be than place's 5 heat seals or connect airtight of being end-to-end of big oil resistance band 4, continuous uninterrupted inboard oleophobic external surface 8 by the big oil resistance band 4 after the inflation stops oil slick class chemical species diffusion, and wire rope handling oil resistance fence A forms the distributed area that enclosed region 10 defines the oil slick class chemicals that leaks.When boats and ships 15 are repaired before rolling the enclosed region 10 of oil resistance fence A formation away from, in the enclosed region 10 of the former first road oil resistance fence A, increase earlier and arrange the large-scale simple oil resistance fence B that forms with big oil resistance band 4 inflations together, surrounding former enclosed region 10 interior major parts earlier has the water surface of oil slick class chemicals, arrange that in the former first road oil resistance fence A outside another road is installed with the collapsible oil resistance fence C of rope 9 again, the head of this road oil resistance fence C, the tail former boats and ships 15 after reparation respectively rolls the both sides outside of the breach of the first road oil resistance fence A away from, in the former boats and ships 15 after repairing once leaving rapidly with head, tail two connects driving fit, and with 5 bonding connecting airtight to prevent oil slick class chemical species diffusion of junction.The back is extracted rope 9 with reference to embodiment 3 out from the outside of oil resistance fence C, shrink oil resistance fence C, the oil slick class chemicals thickness that is contracted to the water surface in it up to oil resistance fence C reaches the machinery extraction of conveniently getting with artificial flood or pump, begin to do the work of collecting oil slick class chemicals, continue to shrink oil resistance fence C, up to oil resistance fence C be contracted to can not shrink again and wherein oil slick class chemicals by basic collect clean till, with collected oil slick class chemicals packing, send to utilize again and handle.Again in addition, arrange that suitably big or small together last oil resistance fence surrounds around the oil slick class chemicals that remains in the very small region, itself does removing work such as traditional degraded and decomposition by photochemical catalyst entrained on the last oil resistance fence and digestive enzyme to residual oil slick pollutant and last fence.
In embodiment shown in Figure 63, rope 9 passes the enclosed region 6 of several oil resistance fence supports 7, be covered with big oil resistance band 4 at oil resistance fence support 7 overcoats, the back charges into air 3 in oil resistance band 4, and, form compound oil resistance fence with enclosed region 10 with 5 bonding connecting airtight of place of being end-to-end of oil resistance band 4; Open air outlet slit 17 from the somewhere in the outside of compound oil resistance fence, rope 9 involved from air outlet slit 17, respectively by serving machine 18 on the work boats and ships 22 and 23 and 19(or artificial) by two basic opposite directions 20 and 21 tractions.Enclosed region 10 is retracted thereupon, former oil slick class chemical layer thickening, enclosed region 10 is contracted to minimum, oil slick class chemicals in the very small region 10 can be got with artificial flood or is collected with the mode that oil pumping machinery extracts, send to after the packing and utilize again or degradation treatment, reach the purpose of direct removing oil slick class Pollution by Chemicals thing.Increase in addition and arrange that together suitably the last oil resistance fence of size surrounds around the oil slick class chemicals that remains in the very small region, residual oil slick pollutant and last fence itself are done removing work such as traditional degraded and decomposition by photochemical catalyst entrained on the last oil resistance fence and digestive enzyme.
In embodiment shown in Figure 74; rope 9 passes oil resistance band 4; be arranged between a plurality of position limiting piles 24; in oil resistance band 4, charge into air 3; two of sealing oil resistance band 4, head, the tail with oil resistance band 4 connects driving fit with junction, seashore two place 26 respectively again, constitutes enclosed region 25; external surface 1+2 by oil resistance band 4 stops oil slick class Pollution by Chemicals thing to invade enclosed region 25, thereby waters and (sea) bank in the protection enclosed region are not contaminated.
Claims (28)
1. ocean water surface come-up oil pollutant prevents diffusion and collects sweep-out method, the method that comprises prevention and stop oil slick class chemicals to spread on the wide water surface is collected the method for wide slick pollutant and the sweep-out method that the oil slick pollutant that also remains in the water surface after collecting is carried out non-proliferation, degraded and decomposition again.It is characterized in that: around near the leakage point waters of oil slick class chemicals, in the waters that has the oil slick pollutant and the oil resistance fence of more than one replies is set in the periphery, waters that threatened by the invasion of oil slick pollutant.
2. oil resistance fence according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described oil resistance fence be with have material such as the resin compounded film of anticorrosive oleophobic surface or mao bamboon, wood, metal, cement, rigid plastics swim on the water surface one around closed cavity enclose frame, the water surface upper epidermis at described oil resistance fence place surrounded and isolate with the water surface upper epidermis outside the described oil resistance fence; The lower end was immersed under the water layer surface and perseverance is lower than the water surface when described oil resistance fence swam in the water surface, and the upper end exceeds on the liquid layer surface and perseverance is higher than liquid level; Described oil resistance fence surrounds an enclosed region with the upper epidermis of the water surface on the horizontal direction of the water surface, also only produce an enclosed region at the upper epidermis of the water surface.
3. the oil resistance fence that more than one replies are set according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described oil resistance fence that more than one replies are set is meant to be provided with to have than making hole or the more long-life permanent oil resistance fence of life period of producing well; When needs were collected described permanent oil resistance fence enclosed region slick, what arrange in addition was that collapsible oil resistance fence is to collect described permanent oil resistance fence enclosed region slick together; Making hole or producing well termination mission, when with collapsible oil resistance fence the last batch of floating oil collecting being finished, what arrange is the last oil resistance fence that carries photochemical catalyst and digestive enzyme together again.
4. according near the described oil resistance fence of the leakage point water surface of oil slick class chemicals, arranging more than one replies all around of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the oil resistance fence of described more than one replies is reply fuel oil boats and ships, oil accident takes place in boats and ships on the water that especially transport oil slick class chemicals, and the oil resistance fence of described reply is near timely the waters simple or simple collapsible oil resistance fence all around point of place where the accident occurred; When just having sailed out of the enclosed region of described interim oil resistance fence after the reparation of accident boats and ships, what arrange in addition is that collapsible oil resistance fence is to collect oil slick class chemicals together; When collection work finished, what arrange was the last oil resistance fence that carries photochemical catalyst and digestive enzyme together again.
5. the oil resistance fence of arranging more than one replies in the waters that has the oil slick pollutant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reply oil resistance fence is the collapsible oil resistance fence of arranging on the wide waters of oil slick pollutant existing that has especially big enclosed region together, to collect the oil slick pollutant; Whenever enclosing what arrange when time collection work finishes is the last oil resistance fence that carries photochemical catalyst and digestive enzyme together again.
6. arrange the oil resistance fence of more than one replies according to claim 1 is described in the waters that threatened by the invasion of oil slick pollutant, it is characterized in that: the oil resistance fence of described reply is the oil resistance fence that is provided with in the periphery in seashore that needs protection and inshore waters; Or permanent oil resistance encloses, or described permanent oil resistance fence slightly in one simple or compound oil resistance fence be arrangeding in parallel again of place; Two of described oil resistance fence or permanent oil resistance fence and simple or compound oil resistance fence driving fit that is connected with seashore land respectively, the permanent enclosed region that forms water surface upper epidermis is invaded protected district to stop peripheral slick pollutant.
7. according to each described collapsible oil resistance fence among the claim 3-5, it is characterized in that: described collapsible oil resistance fence
Comprise the oil resistance band, run through the pull rope or the bar of oil resistance band inside; When needs are arranged, just head, tail are engaged one another, charge into air at last described oil resistance fence and form.
8. according to each described collapsible oil resistance fence among the claim 3-5, it is characterized in that: described collapsible oil resistance fence
Comprise the oil resistance band, run through the pull rope or the bar of oil resistance band inside, cover is overlying on the oil resistance fence support of described oil resistance fence head, outside, tail junction; When needs are arranged, just interconnect oil resistance fence support on place's outer cover, then head, tail are engaged one another, charge into air at last described oil resistance fence and form at head, tail.
9. according to each described collapsible oil resistance fence among the claim 3-5, it is characterized in that: described collapsible oil resistance fence
Cross several oil resistance fence supports by pull rope or bar string, oil resistance band cover is overlying on the oil resistance fence support and overlaps the oil resistance fence support that is overlying on described oil resistance fence head, outside, tail junction and form; When needs are arranged, just on head, the tail place of interconnecting outer cover, play the oil resistance fence support of the inboard oil resistance face of auxiliary closed oil resistance fence, then head, tail are engaged one another, in described oil resistance band, charge into air at last and form.
10. according to each described collapsible oil resistance fence among claim 3-5 and the 7-9, it is characterized in that: expose at the head of described group of oil fence, the hot commissure of sealing at tail two ends at the two ends of described pull rope or bar.
11. according to each described oil resistance band among the claim 7-9, it is characterized in that: described oil resistance band is by having tubular laminated film band anticorrosive and that the compound resin film heat seal oleophobic property surface course forms.
12. according to each described oil resistance band among the claim 7-9, it is characterized in that: head, the tail of described oil resistance band are airtight by heat seal, form oil-tight, the gentle enclosed cavity of water.
13. according to each described oil resistance band among the claim 7-9, it is characterized in that: described oil resistance band meets the same side of departing from described oil resistance band central axis to be separately installed with valve near the heat seal at head, tail two ends.
14. according to each described oil resistance band among the claim 7-9, it is characterized in that: half of a male and female buckle link respectively is equipped with at the head of described oil resistance band, tail two ends.
15. each described oil resistance fence support according to Claim 8-9, it is a kind of closed continuously oil resistance fence support of auxiliary oil resistance fence interface junction oil resistance face that is used for, with making, it is characterized in that: be connected to each other driving fit after described oil resistance fence support is inflated with oil resistance band more than a section or a section and form with the oil resistance band same material that constitutes described oil resistance fence main body.
16. each described oil resistance fence support according to Claim 8-9, it is a kind of closed continuously oil resistance fence support of auxiliary oil resistance fence interface junction oil resistance face that is used for, with making with the oil resistance band same material that constitutes described oil resistance fence main body, it is characterized in that: described oil resistance fence support is to connect driving fit with the oil resistance band more than a section or a section that valve is installed to form.
17. comprise: by the simple oil resistance fence temporarily that the described oil resistance that is installed with rope is taken the lead, the direct inflation in tail connection back forms according to the described collapsible oil resistance fence of claim 3-5; The described oil resistance that is installed with rope is taken the lead, tail connects, and charges into the collapsible oil resistance fence of interim reinforcement that air forms after the above oil resistance fence support is overlapped in the junction; Cover is overlying on that described oil resistance on several described oil resistance fence supports of contacting with rope is taken the lead, tail connects, the collapsible compound oil resistance fence that inflation forms behind the above oil resistance fence support of junction overcoat; By some described oil resistances that are installed with rope take the lead, tail connects, and respectively charges into the collapsible oil resistance fence of huge interim reinforcement that air forms respectively overlap the above oil resistance fence support outside each junction after.It is characterized in that: described collapsible oil resistance fence is keeping the original inflation of described oil resistance fence and under the constant substantially situation of the continuous closure state of water surface upper epidermis, by reverse traction, lasting contraction is passed the rope of described oil resistance band inside or bar at head, appear for two near the tail interface, squeeze out the air in the described oil resistance band on one side, shorten the described oil resistance band in losing heart on one side, and the atmospheric pressure in the described oil resistance band remains constant substantially, dwindle the area of described oil resistance fence enclosed region gradually with this, rise to proportion up to the proportion of described oil resistance fence near place liquid level liquid, enclosed region is contracted to the state that can not be dwindled again, little many zones before oil slick in the described oil resistance fence enclosed region has been concentrated at last and has not more shunk, manually flood is got or is extracted collection with oil pumping machinery, and is fit to arrange till the last oil resistance fence.
18. according to claim 3 make hole or producing well around arrange the life-span than making hole or the longer permanent oil resistance fence of life period of producing well, it is characterized in that: the distributed areas the when enclosed region of described permanent oil resistance fence is leaked oil slick and emitted on firm greater than the bottom.
19. according to claim 3 make hole or producing well around arrange the life-span than making hole or the longer permanent oil resistance fence of life period of producing well, it is characterized in that: described oil resistance fence swims in going up of the water surface and reveals the height of height greater than waters, place four seasons maximum wave.
20. according to claim 3 make hole or producing well around arrange the life-span than making hole or the longer permanent oil resistance fence of life period of producing well, it is characterized in that: the position of described oil resistance fence is anchored substantially.
21. according to the described last oil resistance fence of claim 3-5, it is characterized in that: described last oil resistance fence adopts degradation material to make.
22., it is characterized in that: the photochemical catalyst and the catabolic enzyme that carry to degrade oil slick class chemicals and oil resistance fence itself on the described last oil resistance fence according to the described last oil resistance fence of claim 3-5.
23. long band of standby collapsible oil resistance fence, pull rope or bar pass the inner preceding standby collapsible oil resistance fence of each described layout that constitutes among patent requirement item 7-8 of each described oil resistance band among the patent requirement item 11-14, be formed by connecting by connecting portion by the standby collapsible oil resistance fence before each the described layout among a plurality of patents requirement 7-8, described drag rope or the coherent long band of the standby collapsible oil resistance fence of whole piece of wearing form a continuous standby collapsible oil resistance fence members, and described continuous standby collapsible oil resistance fence members has a vacant termination.
24. a method of supplying with standby collapsible oil resistance fence comprises following operation:
(1) the described vacant termination with the long band of the described standby collapsible oil resistance fence of claim 23 is wrapped on the pulling device;
(2); Along with the described standby collapsible oil resistance fence members of direction tractive of the anticorrosive of described standby collapsible oil resistance fence and oleophobic surface certain angle;
(3) along described connecting portion the long band of standby collapsible oil resistance fence is cut into each standby collapsible oil resistance fence successively;
(4) each standby collapsible oil resistance fence is rolled into each and independently ties axle.
25. a system that supplies with standby collapsible oil resistance fence comprises the long band of oil resistance fence is advanced the loaded and unloaded roller bearing of shearing place along the certain angle tractive, with the long cutting knife that cuts off along connecting portion of being with of oil resistance fence.
26. convenient on-the-spot standby collapsible oil resistance fence case of arranging collapsible oil resistance fence, comprise the rotating shaft that is used to twine standby collapsible oil resistance fence, but the standby collapsible oil resistance fence of field mounted device, the oil resistance fence support that is complementary with standby collapsible oil resistance fence, inflatable tool, a transparent side box plate face.
27. case according to claim 26 is characterized in that: the head of the standby collapsible oil resistance fence that is twining in the described case, tail two ends are in the surface that can be come out by pull simultaneously.
28. case according to claim 26 is characterized in that: the oil resistance fence support that is equipped with in the described case is complementary with described standby collapsible oil resistance fence.(reason of independent claims 1,23-26 concurrent application can be summarized as follows: all include the specified features that " collapsible oil resistance fence " this embodiment invention is made contributions to prior art among independent claims 1, the 23-26, these five independent claims are interrelated technically, and they belong to a total inventive concept.So these five independent claims meet the regulation of the 31 first item of "Patent Law", can be with they concurrent applications.）。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102006752A CN102182170A (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2010-06-15 | Diffusion preventing, collecting and clearing method for floating oil pollutants on ocean water surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102006752A CN102182170A (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2010-06-15 | Diffusion preventing, collecting and clearing method for floating oil pollutants on ocean water surface |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102182170A true CN102182170A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102006752A Pending CN102182170A (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2010-06-15 | Diffusion preventing, collecting and clearing method for floating oil pollutants on ocean water surface |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102182170A (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102518097A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-06-27 | 上海城投原水有限公司 | Sudden oil pollution pre-treatment system for large water intake port |
| CN103031828A (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2013-04-10 | 齐克海 | Method and device for preventing undersea oil spill diffusion through three-dimensional seawater isolation |
| CN103158840A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-19 | 张家港市南宝涂料装饰有限公司 | Method of cleaning greasy dirt |
| CN103422479A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-04 | 天津大学 | Overflow oil collecting device |
| CN106759183A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-05-31 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | A kind of driven by power house steward Inflatable oil fence |
| CN107044116A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-08-15 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | A kind of house steward's Inflatable oil fence |
| CN108049380A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-18 | 湖南望隆企业管理咨询有限公司 | A kind of buoy fence of anti-oil slick diffusion |
| CN108086268A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-05-29 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | One kind is stayed under water oily Anti-pollution barrier |
| CN108104082A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-01 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | A kind of oil fence |
| CN108867596A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-23 | 四川东方水利装备工程股份有限公司 | A kind of Refloatation method of over-water floats |
| CN110915739A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-03-27 | 瞿海鹏 | Fishery feed delivery device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103031828A (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2013-04-10 | 齐克海 | Method and device for preventing undersea oil spill diffusion through three-dimensional seawater isolation |
| CN102518097A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-06-27 | 上海城投原水有限公司 | Sudden oil pollution pre-treatment system for large water intake port |
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| CN103422479A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-04 | 天津大学 | Overflow oil collecting device |
| CN103422479B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-09-02 | 天津大学 | Overflowing oil collecting device |
| CN107044116A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-08-15 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | A kind of house steward's Inflatable oil fence |
| CN106759183A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-05-31 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | A kind of driven by power house steward Inflatable oil fence |
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| CN108104082A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-01 | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 | A kind of oil fence |
| CN108049380A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-18 | 湖南望隆企业管理咨询有限公司 | A kind of buoy fence of anti-oil slick diffusion |
| CN108049380B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-12-17 | 南团科技江苏有限公司 | Floating fence capable of preventing floating oil from diffusing |
| CN108867596A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-23 | 四川东方水利装备工程股份有限公司 | A kind of Refloatation method of over-water floats |
| CN110915739A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-03-27 | 瞿海鹏 | Fishery feed delivery device |
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Application publication date: 20110914 |