RU2267578C2 - Method and device for oil products gathering from water surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: environment protection, particularly to clean water surface of oil products.

SUBSTANCE: method involves thickening oil product layer on water surface by changing shape of oil spot confined by oil boom in horizontal plane. Device for above method realization includes boom, docking unit adapted to connect boom ends for closed boom contour creation, tightening means and submersed pumps. The device is also provided with disposable boom protective cases and with folding means. The folding means is made as drum having axis of rotation extending obliquely to water surface and rotary actuator. The folding means provides simultaneous drawing together and winding of two opposite boom parts.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of water surface cleaning of oil products and improved service performance.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and can be used to clean the surface of the water from oil products.

A device for collecting oil products and floating debris from the surface of a reservoir and containing a vessel, a receiving device in the form of a container with an open front wall with a mesh tank placed inside it and booms, the main of which is fixed to the bow of the vessel, and the additional one is attached to the container and the main barrier . Each boom boom is made in the form of interconnected pneumatic conduits and pipelines with nozzles and is equipped with a lifting device made in the form of a floating hydroreactive projectile communicating with the cavity of the main boom boom [1]

However, with this method of collecting oil products and the indicated device design, the boom does not form a closed loop, as a result of which the film is likely to spread beyond the localization of the oil slick. The disadvantage is that during operation of the device, the thickness of the oil film increases slightly, which significantly reduces the performance of this installation.

A device for collecting petroleum products from the water surface, adopted as a prototype and containing booms, a compression unit for opposing sections of booms, a receiving tank for petroleum products, a pump for pumping petroleum products from a localized area, a docking device for connecting the ends of the booms, a flexible hose, a device for simultaneous extraction of two opposite sections of booms (auxiliary ship) [2].

However, due to the fact that a localized zone with the necessary thickening of oil products is created as a result of a reduction in the length of its contour while maintaining the total length of the side barriers, it is necessary to draw a significant part of the boom barriers through the compression unit, for this operation a large free shipping zone is required water areas for the movement of the vessel, which is not always possible.

As a result of the filtration of oil products in the compression unit (this is especially noticeable when there is floating debris between the opposite sections of the boom at the time of their approach and passage through the compression unit), the presence of oil residue on the inside of the boom that has been contaminated as a result of contact with oil products when petroleum products are localized to the compression unit, a second contamination of oil is formed, localized by the side barriers and located behind the compression unit (strongly elongated d in the direction of movement of the auxiliary vessel), so that, after evacuation of the area with a thick layer of oil, oil contamination elimination process ends. To remove petroleum products from this zone, the use of additional measures and labor costs is necessary.

When creating the invention, the problem was solved of increasing the efficiency of cleaning the water surface from oil products, a variety of known methods for eliminating emergency oil spills on water.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known solution containing a boom barrier, a docking device for connecting the ends of this barrier with the formation of a constant closed loop, a pull-up device and submersible pumps, the installation additionally contains disposable covers for protecting the booms, a rolling device made in in the form of a drum with a perpendicular surface of the water with a rotation axis and a rotation drive for simultaneously winding two opposite sections of booms citizenship.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a top view of the initial shape of the contour of the boom, in Fig.2 shows a section of the device along the line BB, figure 3 is a section along the line aa.

The installation contains sections of booms for the formation of 2 separate closed loops: 1st loop 1 (2nd loop of booms not shown), a pull-up device 2, a device for folding booms 3, a docking device for connecting the ends of the booms 4, disposable protective covers to prevent oil boom contamination of booms (not shown). An auxiliary vessel can be used as a lifting device 2, the booms are rolled up using a rotating drum 3 having a rotation drive from a power unit located on the vessel (drum rotation drive and the vessel are not shown), drum 3 maintains a stable position on the water using the device (not shown), submersible pump (not shown).

The method of collecting petroleum products and the operation of the installation is as follows.

Booms 1 are delivered to the contamination area; before the start of oil spill containment, disposable protective covers are put on them to prevent the main booms from being contaminated with oil products (not shown). After encircling the pollution site with a boom 1, both ends are connected using a docking device to connect the ends of the boom 4, thus forming the 1st closed loop formed by arcs ABC and ADF, having an annular shape, figure 1, a boom with a cable 5 is connected to a pull-up device 2, for example, an auxiliary vessel that pre-draws the 1st circuit of the boom 1, then the end of the cable connected to the pull-up device 2 starts up and drum 3, the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the surface of the water.

When pre-stretching the boom and then rolling it around the drum 3, two opposite forces act on the closed loop of the boom 1: traction force (pull-up device 2, and then created by the rotation of the drum 3) and water resistance. Given that the boom has a positive buoyancy and is a flexible design, the closed loop begins to stretch, its ring-shaped shape takes the form of an oval, figure 2. The shape of the oil slick bounded by the walls of the boom 1 also begins to change. At the same time, the area bounded by the closed loop decreases with the length of the boom unchanged, the volume of oil products inside remains constant, and as a result, the thickness of the oil layer on the water surface increases.

After winding the cable onto the drum, 2 opposite sections of the ABC, ADF boom barriers continue to approach and collapse at the same time, while the overall contour of the barriers remains closed.

When a boom is being rolled up, it acquires a spiral shape at the place of folding, which significantly reduces the area of the area where oil products are collected from the water surface. As you coagulate, there is a constant decrease in the area of the oil slick inside the boom, which means an increase in the thickness of the oil layer.

To facilitate coagulation with a large initial length of the boom and the implementation of a denser winding around the coagulation device 3, auxiliary vessels 2 are used, which carry out the tightening of the boom 1.

After the folding of the boom ends, this place is fitted with a new boom contour (not shown), also wearing a disposable protective cover (not shown), the ends of which are connected using a docking device (not shown), a second closed loop is formed, already much smaller the previous one. The fence of the 1st circuit is removed along an inclined trench (not shown) over the booms of the 2nd circuit (to prevent water pollution outside the 2nd circuit), while oil products flow into the oil slick from the contaminated covers of the 1st circuit booms, localized by the bonnets of the 2nd circuit, i.e., the primary cleaning of the boom barriers takes place. After disposable protective covers are removed, booms are stored in storage areas.

In the zone of localization of the oil slick, the 2nd contour of the boom remains a uniform thickened layer of oil products, which is removed from the surface of the water with the help of submersible pumps in a receiving tank located, for example, on a nearby ship (not shown).

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2044827, IPC E 02 B 15/04.

2. Application of France (FR) No. 2085492, IPC E 02 B 15/00 (prototype).

Claims (2)

1. A method of collecting oil products from the surface of the water, including bypassing the site of contamination with a boom, connecting the two ends of the boom with a docking device to form a constant closed loop, drawing the boom and thickening the oil layer on the surface of the water when the horizontal shape of the oil slick is limited to that of the boom boom, and while maintaining a constant total length of the contour of the boom, characterized in that after connecting the ends of the boom for Citizens with a docking device simultaneously approach and wind two opposite sections of the boom around one coagulation device. 2. Installation for collecting petroleum products from the surface of the water, containing a boom, a docking device for connecting the ends of the boom with the formation of a constant closed loop, a lifting device and submersible pumps, characterized in that it is equipped with disposable protective covers for the boom and a rolling device made in the form of a drum with a perpendicular surface of the water with an axis of rotation and a rotation drive, for simultaneous approach and winding of two opposite ASTK boom.

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