CN102174407A - Inactive dried yeast crushing method capable of greatly improving yeast extract yield - Google Patents

Inactive dried yeast crushing method capable of greatly improving yeast extract yield Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102174407A
CN102174407A CN 201110049021 CN201110049021A CN102174407A CN 102174407 A CN102174407 A CN 102174407A CN 201110049021 CN201110049021 CN 201110049021 CN 201110049021 A CN201110049021 A CN 201110049021A CN 102174407 A CN102174407 A CN 102174407A
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yeast
crushing
inactive
suspension
extract yield
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CN102174407B (en
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湛任远
黎惠忠
刘昊
张贤文
吴够安
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Sichuan lixinglong Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd
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HUNAN BENYUAN BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for crushing inactive dried yeasts, which is suitable for producing yeast extracts by using the inactive dried yeasts. The method comprises the following steps of: dissolving the inactive dried yeasts into water in a ratio of 10-30% to prepare yeast suspension, and then placing the yeast suspension into a sand grinding mill; selecting sand grinding media with the particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, wherein the medium materials are glass beads, zirconium silicate beads, compound zirconium beads, alumina beads or steel balls; and crushing the yeasts rapidly within 3 to 5 minutes at a rotating speed of 1,000 to 3,000 rpm, wherein the crushing rate is high. When used for the production of yeast extracts by an enzyme method, the inactive dried yeasts crushed by the method disclosed by the invention can greatly increase the extract yield; besides, when matched with a continuously-operated sand grinding mill, the method can realize large-scale continuous crushing, and has a wide application prospect in the field of yeast extract industrial production.

Description

A kind of non-living dried yeast breaking method that can significantly improve the yeast extract yield
Technical field
The present invention relates to the broken and yeast extract production technology of non-living dried yeast, be applicable to utilize non-living dried yeast as raw material with in the Production by Enzymes yeast extract process efficiently, broken dry yeast on a large scale.
Background technology
Cereuisiae fermentum (Brewer ' s Yeast) be topmost by product in the brewage process.Be a kind of edible, nutritious unicellular microorganism, on the trophology it be called " inexhaustible nutrition source ".Its cell crude protein content includes 18 seed amino acids between 40-50%.Have to experiment showed, per 1 kilogram of protein that dry beer yeast is contained, be equivalent to the protein content of 5 kilograms of rice, 2 kilograms of soybean or 2.5 kilograms of porks.Also be rich in nutritive substances such as multivitamin, nucleic acid, polysaccharide, lipid, mineral substance in the cereuisiae fermentum, can also be widely used in feed, food and medicine industry from wherein extracting cytochrome C, gsh, thromboplastinum, coenzyme A and Triphosaden etc.
Current, the topmost purposes of cereuisiae fermentum be used to produce yeast extract (Yeast Extract, YE).Modern biological new and high technology such as usually adopt self-dissolving, enzymolysis, separation, concentrate, with refining a kind of pale brown look solubility paste or the light yellow powdery natural product of forming in back of degrading such as the protein in the yeast cell, nucleic acid, contain abundant polypeptide, amino acid, flavour nucleotide, vitamin B group and trace element, be a kind of good natural flavouring, in food service industry, have purposes widely; Also be ideal biological culture medium raw material and the main raw material in the fermentation industry, the yeast of its effect and 8 times is suitable, can improve the yield of the throughput rate and the leavened prod of bacterial classification greatly.
Development along with biological and food technology, scientist surprisingly finds, yeast extract can be described as a kind of natural compound seasoner that has prospect, with rich flavor full, mouthfeel is mellow long, its increase the flavor effect unrivaled, and nutritious, processing characteristics is good, in some food-processings, often can play the delicious flavor of effective enhancing product, mellow sense, relax product saline taste, tart flavour simultaneously, therefore effects such as covering smell have all obtained using preferably in a lot of food-processing industrys.In geographic high-grade seasoning production such as America and Europe and Japan and Korea S, YE has become significant batching and has listed in the label.And in China, the utilization of YE in fields such as food, seasonings also become trend of the times.
Therefore, along with the market requirement of yeast extract is increasing, increasing cereuisiae fermentum is used to the production of yeast extract.Yeast extract production method at present commonly used is the mode of fresh beer yeast by self-dissolving to be hydrolyzed get.Yet because fresh yeast stores and the transportation difficulty, in a single day fresh yeast can not get timely processing, just can cause putrid and deterioratedly, and environment is caused very big pollution.This just requires extract factory necessary near brew-house, in case brew-house discharging waste yeast, in time processing treatment; And the production instability of brew-house has the branch in dull season in busy season, concerning extract factory, all is the unfavorable factor of restriction development.And after fresh yeast is processed into non-living dried yeast by drying, then do not exist to store and transportation problem, be convenient to collect and unified processing.But the high temperature in the drying process causes the various enzyme deactivations in the yeast inevitably, makes dried yeast autolysis effect lose efficacy.Therefore, preparing yeast extract with non-living dried yeast must at first carry out broken wall to yeast, and nutritive substances such as inner albumen, nucleic acid are come out, and could carry out the enzymolysis of next step nutritive substances such as albumen effectively.
And do not have any effective breaking method at non-living dried yeast at present, because the cell walls of non-living dried yeast is firmer than the cell walls of fresh yeast through after the dehydration; And non-living dried yeast adopts the mode fragmentation of self-dissolving again owing to killed and lost the intracellular enzyme activity by high temperature in drying process after can also activating once more unlike active dry yeast.Therefore, when adopting method such as fresh yeast ultrasonic, high-pressure homogenization commonly used broken, the non-living dried yeast crushing effect is unsatisfactory same.For example the percentage of damage of ultrasonication non-living dried yeast only is about 25%, and small scale is unsuitable for industrial applications; And the broken non-living dried yeast efficient of high-pressure homogenization also reduces greatly than broken fresh yeast, 3-4 percentage of damage of circulation also just about 50%.Therefore, industrial urgent need is developed a kind of percentage of damage height, scale non-living dried yeast breaking method big and simple to operate.Non-living dried yeast just can be broken away from the technical bottleneck that percentage of damage is low, the yeast extract yield is low like this, and by self huge storage and transportation advantage, plays an increasingly important role in the yeast extract production in future.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome weak point of the prior art, a kind of weak point simple to operate, consuming time, percentage of damage height are provided, are fit to scale operation, can significantly improve the non-living dried yeast method of cell disruption of yeast extract yield.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of breaking method of non-living dried yeast cell is characterized in that: non-living dried yeast is soluble in water, and the suspension of furnishing 10%-30% (w/w) concentration places the sand milling pulverizer with the yeast suspension that mixes up concentration; Choose the grinding medium of particle diameter size between 0.3-0.5 mm, its grinding medium is granulated glass sphere, zirconium silicate pearl, compound zirconium pearl, zirconium oxide bead, alumina bead or steel ball; Broken condition is sand mill rotating speed 1000-3000 rpm, broken time 3-5min.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The sand milling breaking method that the present invention adopts is by determining yeast suspension concentration, crushing medium size, rotating speed, broken time, make simple to operate, the time is short, percentage of damage is high, has significantly improved the yield of extracting yeast extract in the non-living dried yeast; Cooperate the sand milling pulverizer type of operate continuously, also can easily realize large-scale continuous fragmentation, be beneficial to the needs that large-scale industrialization is produced; And this shattering process is pure physical method, does not have chemical reaction, can not destroy the yeast intracellular organic matter, also can not bring objectionable impurities into, clean environmental protection; In addition, crushing medium also can use repeatedly, and broken cost is low.
Embodiment
Further explain the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiment does not do any type of qualification to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing dry beer yeast powder 100g, be dissolved in the 900ml water, be made into the yeast suspension of 10% (w/w) concentration.Yeast suspension is placed the sand milling pulverizer, select diameter be the granulated glass sphere of 0.5 mm as grinding medium, 1000 rpm grind 3min.Blood counting chamber with 16 * 25 specifications is counted, and the yeast cell of four of grid jiaos and middle lattice is counted on the option board, draws percentage of damage and reaches 61%.
Broken liquid is placed beaker, add compound protease and flavor protease respectively by 0.3% (w/w) of dry yeast content in the broken liquid, 50 ℃ of insulation 20h, 5000 r/min centrifugations, 5 min, supernatant, precipitation are dried to constant weight at 102 ℃ respectively.The formula of pressing dry yeast weight * 100% in extract yield=supernatant dry weight/broken liquid calculates, and obtaining the extract yield is 54%.And without dry yeast suspension enzymolysis under similarity condition of fragmentation, the extract yield only is 20%, proves dry yeast after the sand milling fragmentation, and the yield of yeast extract has increased by 270%.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing dry beer yeast powder 200g, be dissolved in the 800ml water, be made into the yeast suspension of 20% (w/w) concentration.Yeast suspension is placed the sand milling pulverizer, select diameter be the zirconium silicate pearl of 0.4 mm as grinding medium, 2000 rpm grind 4min.Blood counting chamber with 16 * 25 specifications is counted, and the yeast cell of four of grid jiaos and middle lattice is counted on the option board, draws percentage of damage and reaches 78%.
Broken liquid is placed beaker, the dry substance concentration that adds the broken liquid of the long-pending water adjustment of monoploid is 10%, 0.3% (w/w) by amount of dry matter adds compound protease and flavor protease respectively, 50 ℃ of insulation 20h, 5000 r/min centrifugations, 5 min, supernatant, precipitation are dried to constant weight at 102 ℃ respectively.The formula of pressing dry matter weight * 100% in extract yield=supernatant dry weight/broken liquid in dilution back calculates, and obtaining the extract yield is 63%.
Other gets the yeast suspension of 20% (w/w) concentration, uses the ultrasonic method fragmentation, power 250W, 5s intermittently behind the broken 5s, 99 circulations.Calculating percentage of damage with same cell counting after fragmentation is finished is 27%; With ultrasonication liquid by one times of the same dilution proportion of the broken liquid of above-mentioned sand milling, and under similarity condition enzymolysis, the extract yield only is 31%.When proof was produced yeast extract with dry beer yeast, the sand milling crush method had increased by 203% than the extract yield of high-pressure homogenization crush method.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing dry beer yeast powder 300g, be dissolved in the 700ml water, be made into the yeast suspension of 30% (w/w) concentration.Yeast suspension is placed the sand milling pulverizer, and the zirconium oxide bead of selecting 0.3 mm is as grinding medium, and 3000 rpm grind 5min.Blood counting chamber with 16 * 25 specifications is counted, and the yeast cell of four of grid jiaos and middle lattice is counted on the option board, draws percentage of damage and reaches 94%.
Broken liquid is placed beaker, the dry substance concentration that adds the broken liquid of water adjustment of two volumes is 10%, 0.3% (w/w) by amount of dry matter adds compound protease and flavor protease respectively, 50 ℃ of insulation 20h, 5000 r/min centrifugations, 5 min, supernatant, precipitation are dried to constant weight at 102 ℃ respectively.The formula of pressing dry matter weight * 100% in extract yield=supernatant dry weight/broken liquid in dilution back calculates, and obtaining the extract yield is 74%.
Other gets the yeast suspension of 30% (w/w) concentration, with the fragmentation of high-pressure homogenization method, and 90Mpa, homogenate 3 times, calculating percentage of damage with same cell counting after fragmentation is finished is 53%; With the broken liquid of high-pressure homogenization by three times of the same dilution proportion of the broken liquid of above-mentioned sand milling, and under similarity condition enzymolysis, the extract yield only is 44%.When proof was produced yeast extract with dry beer yeast, the sand milling crush method had increased by 168% than the extract yield of high-pressure homogenization crush method.

Claims (1)

1. non-living dried yeast breaking method that can significantly improve the yeast extract yield, it is characterized in that: non-living dried yeast is soluble in water, and the suspension of furnishing 10%-30% (w/w) concentration places the sand milling pulverizer with the yeast suspension that mixes up concentration; Choose the grinding medium of particle diameter size between 0.3-0.5 mm, its grinding medium is granulated glass sphere, zirconium silicate pearl, compound zirconium pearl, zirconium oxide bead, alumina bead or steel ball; Broken condition is sand mill rotating speed 1000-3000 rpm, broken time 3-5min.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102550802A (en) * 2011-12-19 2012-07-11 成都宏安生物科技有限公司 Method for extracting polypeptide and amino acid from waste beer yeast

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101709077A (en) * 2009-12-16 2010-05-19 江南大学 Method for crudely extracting saccharomyces cerevisiae glutathione

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101709077A (en) * 2009-12-16 2010-05-19 江南大学 Method for crudely extracting saccharomyces cerevisiae glutathione

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
《江苏食品与发酵》 20050630 王传荣等 啤酒活性干酵母在微型鲜啤酒酿造中的应用 1 , 第2期 *
《食品与发酵》 20070930 范广璞 啤酒活性干酵母在鲜啤酿造中的应用 1 , 第3期 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102550802A (en) * 2011-12-19 2012-07-11 成都宏安生物科技有限公司 Method for extracting polypeptide and amino acid from waste beer yeast

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